US2354452A - Anesthetic apparatus - Google Patents

Description

R. v. FoREGGl-:R l l 2,354,452

-ANESTHETIC APPARATUS Filed sept. 3, 1942 v 2 sheets-sheet 1 mgl 70 T OXYGEN July 25, 1944. R. v. FOREGGER ANESTHETIC APPARATUS Filed'Sept. 5,1942

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A INVENTOR.

Patented July 2s, 1944 -U NI TED STAT PATE. `N T GFF IC E y V y 22,354,452 j ANESTHETIC APPARATUS .Richard V. ore-gger, Roslyn, N. Y.

ApplicationSeptember 3, 1942, 'Serial No. 457,120 3 clams.4 (C1. 412s- 202) apparatus the development of heat of `reaction in the'soda `linie canister as well as the possibility o'fjearly exhaustion Jof the absorbing capacity of fthe soda lime during an yoperation'due to specific Vtoxic conditions in vthe patients expiration were found to be disadvantageous. :Soda lime has the property vof recuperation when at 'rest and inorder to take advantage of this fact Aand eliminate the disadvantages referred to above, ithe lpresent invention provides two-instead of f onlv one-soda lime canisters in the apparatustogether with novel means for easily and quickly including either one 'of them in the breathing circuit land excluding the 'other canister, which can then be changed. It is thought thatl this 'feature is broadly novel together with lthe use'of *transparent `soda lime canisters whereby the-use 'of a novel soda lime called indicative is made changes'its-color when approaching the stage of `saturation with CO2, see Anestheciology, vol. 2,

`No. 1, page 13, January 1941. Other features and objects of the invention are a more compact. simple and easily operated apparatus including improved valve mechanisms for controlling the operation. Accordingly `my invention is Vembodied in 1an anesthetic apparatus arranged and constructed as hereinafter described vand as illustrated in the vaccompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a diagram of theapparatus.

Fig. 2 is a front .view of the valve mechanisms and soda lime canisters, with parts broken away .and withpartsin vsection on'the line 2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a'sectional view of thethree way valve taken on the line 3 in Fig. T2.

, Fig. 4 is a front view of the apparatus with parts broken away.

Fig. 5 isa right sideview-of the apparatus with parts broken away. f

Referring first to the diagram in Fig. 1 Athe'apparatus comprises a centrally disposed three way valve Il) having its inlet side connected to the expiration flutter valve II and two outlet ports connected to the two soda lime canisters I2 and I3. The latter are at their bottoms connected with the breathing bag I4 by way of cut off valves I5 and I6 respectively. From the breathing bag a to and fr breathing tube I'I and a connection I8 lead up to the inspiration flutter valve I9. The tube I1 is also directly connected with the valve I0. The numeral 2D denotes an ether supply-cup which connects with the valve Il! through a connection 2| and a pressure equalizing tube 22 also leads from Vthe cup 2l) to a point in the breathing circuit below the valve 19. The Atwo flutter valves are connected in the usual manner by tubes 23 and 2S with the face mask 24. These parts vfare indicated in dotted lines. The gas and loxygen are supplied to the inspiration side of the circuit at 25. In the diagram the flutter valves arefdrawn in offset relation for the salie 'of'clearm ness. The cut off valve I5 isshown'open', theothcr valve 'I6 is shown closed. f

VDuring an anesthesia the inspiration circuit is from the breathing bag I4, through the tube VI and connection I8 to the inspiration flutter val-ve I9 and the'face mask. Fresh supply-'of gas and oxygen through the tube 25 mixes with theinhaled supply only after the latter has passed through the flutter valve II 9. The expiration'circuit is from the face mask tothe expiration iiutter valve I I, through the valve ID to the canister I2, through the soda lime `therein and through' the open valve I5 to the breathing bag. Duringl the operation ether may be supplied `to the breath- `ing 'circuit from the cup 20 and is vaporized in thevalve I0. When it is desired to change the soda lime during the operation it may be done by merely operating the valve lil to exclude the canister I2 and include the canister I3 in the circuit. A canister may berernoved V from the yapparatus lby .iirstclosing the cut oil yvalve below such canister. Straight to and fro breathing without the soda lime is provided for through the tube il' by placing the valve I3 A'in central position. Y l

Referring now to the other figures ofthe drawings the anesthetic apparatus is supported on an arm 33, Fig. 5, which may be part of an anesthetic or operating table or the like. The c en- `trally disposed breathing tube Il is adjustably carried by the arm 3B `as shown. At the top the tube lI1 is connected to and carries vthe three way 'Valve I0. The latter has a conical valve plug`3'I `with a through port 32 and 'an'operating handle valve II by way of a tube 42. The lower central port 39 connects with the breathing tube I1. Port 40 leads to a tube 43 which connects with the canister I2 and port 4I connects with a tube 44 which leads to the other canister I3. The connection IB from the inspiration flutter valve I9 connects with the tube I1 directly below the valve I as shown. The tube I1 connects at its bottom above the breathing bag with two lateralbranch tubes 45 and 46 which contain the cut off valves I and I6 respectively having valve handles 41 and 48. Forwardly of the tube I1, Figs. 4 and 5, the latter connects via a branch pipe 49 with a respiratory valve 50 above the bag I4.

Each of the lateral pipes 45 and 46 has formed in its upper wall a canister seat 52 provided with a rubber gasket 53. The communicating port from the cup to the pipe is controlled by the cut off valve underneath. The canisters are transparent cylinders I2 and I3. They may be made of a transparent plastic, for instance. The top of the canister is open to receive the soda lime crystals and the bottom of the canister cylinder consists of a screen 56 to support the crystals while admitting the passage of air as will be understood. The canisters are held in airtight relation upon the gaskets 53 by covers 64 under pressure by cams 60 pivoted at 6I upon a cross bracket 62 adjustably secured to the tube I1 by nuts 63. The cams engage the covers 64 which are suspended from the tubes 43 and 44 by axially telescopic rubber nipples 65, 65 carried by the tubes 43 and 44 to connect them with upstanding nipples 66 on the covers 64, Fig. 4. The nipples 66 open into the covers through rubber gaskets 61 therein. When it is desired to remove a canister the cam 60 above it is swung upward to release the cover. Then the operator grasps the canister and lifts it and the cover a distance sufiicient to permit the canister to be released from its seat. The lifting movement is made possible by the telescoping of the rubber nipple as will be understood. When the canister has been removed the cover hangs suspended from the rubber nipple. When the canister is .replaced the cam is swung down upon the cover and presses the rubber gasket 61 airtightly against the upper edge of the canister and at the same time presses the bottom edge of the .canister airtightly against the gasket 53. The cams are `operated by finger grips 15, the telescopic i tube being automatically extended during this purpose of establishing uniform pressure above` and below the valve I0. The pet cock is open only when ether is supplied. The ether vaporizes quickly in the valve I0 by means of the screen 34 and due to the rise in temperature caused by the reaction of exhaling.

When the port 32 in the valve I0 is in its central position, Fig. 2., it connects the face mask directly with the bag I4 via the tube I1 for to and fro breathing without soda lime. When the valve is turned to align the ports 32 and 40, left side in Fig. 2, the canister I2 is included in the circuit on the expiration side and the vcanister I3 is automatically excluded from the circuit. When the valve I0 is turned to align the ports 32 and 4I, right side in Fig. 2, the canister I2 is excluded and the canister I3 is automatically included in the circuit.

The cut off valves I5 and I6 are always open except when a canister is to be replaced or left in position to recuperate. When the canister I2 is to be replaced the valve I5 is closed and opened after a fresh canister has been inserted in the circuit and likewise valve I6 is closed when the canister I3 is to be replaced.

The canisters are transparent and the operator can thus observe when the color of the soda. lime changes during an operation. He is thus warned and can switch from one canister to the other Without interrupting the anesthesia. Having switched to a `fresh canister, the other one may be removed and a fresh one inserted. Thus a continuous supply is assured. The respiratory valve is opened to eliminate excess carbon dioxide or oxygen orto change the mixture in the breathing bag. The apparatus is compactly and efficiently designed and vconstructed with all parts in plain view and easily accessible.

I claim:

1. In an anesthetic apparatus, a unit of the character described comprising a vertically disposed breathing tube, alined horizontal breathing tubes extending from said vertical tube to both sides thereof in communication therewith, an apertured container supporting seat on each of said horizontal tubesy and communicating therewith, a valve mechanism at the top of said vertical tube, telescopic connections extending from said valve mechanism in vertical alinement with said horizontal tubes, apertured container covers suspended from the ends of said telescopic tubes, a container for absorber material placed upon each Vcontainer' supporting seat and cover closing means for airtightly closing said covers on said containers and connecting the latter airtightly with said horizontal tubes upon said seats, said valve mechanism controlling the passages through all of said flexible tubes an said containers.

2. In an anesthetic apparatus according Vto claim 1 in which said containers are transparent for the purpose described.

3. In an anesthetic apparatus according to claim 1 including a cut off valve in each of said horizontal tubes between the containers and said vertical tube for closing the passage between the latter and the containers.

RICHARD Y. FOREGGER.

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