US2425031A - Fastening apparatus - Google Patents

Fastening apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2425031A
US2425031A US529053A US52905344A US2425031A US 2425031 A US2425031 A US 2425031A US 529053 A US529053 A US 529053A US 52905344 A US52905344 A US 52905344A US 2425031 A US2425031 A US 2425031A
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Prior art keywords
head
twisting
button
wire
eyelet
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US529053A
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Wald William E De
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41H—APPLIANCES OR METHODS FOR MAKING CLOTHES, e.g. FOR DRESS-MAKING OR FOR TAILORING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A41H37/00—Machines, appliances or methods for setting fastener-elements on garments
    • A41H37/005—Hand implements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/36—Button with fastener
    • Y10T24/3649—Pin attached
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means

Definitions

  • A. ⁇ sti1l further -objectI is :to ⁇ providey af simple-- convenientmachine for twisting said wire.
  • Another object is' the-provision ofmeans for covering the -nishedfftwisted wire tohide the same fromsighty and prevent-the.y same from scratching or ⁇ injuringgthe:skin-of the wearerl of the garment on whichlthefbu-tton is secured.
  • a further object is to provide novel-meansv for 1 spacing -the ⁇ button from-the -cloth ⁇ during" the fastening operation.
  • Another object is the provision of a nove1'y twistinghead that may. be-.formed on the .endof the twisting shaft for smallv buttons, and'formed to. enable ⁇ ar larger head. tov be. detachably secured thereto, when desired; forlstrger buttons.
  • Aiurther4 object isth'e provision ofv a.. novel" stationary. holding. head.” formed 'i to. receive; the wire or wiresA on the outerface of ⁇ the..button, and.. to hold thef. button stationary dringthei twistingoperation..
  • Astilrfurther object .is toprovlde noveltaples or bent wires of ⁇ such shape as to facilitate the.' buttonfastening. operation, and improve .the appearance of Yth'eiii'iislfi'ed product.. ⁇
  • My invention further residesyin .tle.combina tion,v. construction.. and. arrangement of ⁇ partsillustrated ⁇ ⁇ infthefA accompanying drawings,v ⁇ and while vI /haveshown thereine preferredw embodif. ments, I wish it understood that the same isisus- ⁇ ceptible of modiflcation-.andwchange without-departinggfromthespirit.ofmy ⁇ invention.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective View showingftherparts infslightly spaced apart positionl tozbetter.- lillustra-tezgthelrelation ofgthefparts.:toeachv other prior toxbeing; pushedtogethenand'prior tothe twisting'.l oneratiom. and in whichthetztwisting' head'and its operating-parts; areffre'elyl held :in i thefh'and. ifoir. a hand twisting.,operation.
  • Figa 2f ⁇ fis a ,perspectivefview of a nia-chine for?" performing thetwistingoperation Fig.: 3 lis; a :longitudinal vertical section 'through' a. median planel vof the machine-shown in ligtfgW and showing-- a 'butto'n havingA been:Y lfastened to a piece-tof 1 supporting rmaterial.V
  • Fignlwis'a"perspective view'of oneiorm 'ofstai ⁇ tionaryff head for holding "the l-button removably mountable' inthe Vlower 'portion 2 of thermachine shownfin'FigsZ, Y'3,ff'll, 12,*14 and-15f liligs'l is a perspective view-'tof aistaple of'wii'e" to -be pushed rst ⁇ thr0ugh two'holes in the brit-"t tonina buttonv 'havingiur holes.
  • Fig. 6 isaiview'similar'v to Fig: 5- butshowing'a" staplewhose closi-:ldendl willcross 'over the closed endof-the-rstsstaple;the staples of Figs. 5 and* 6"; having revers e ⁇ A crimpse'to' 'intert when" pushe'oll through'th'e'.holes'iofthebutton.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a spacer to be positioned between the button and the cloth.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a head or eyelet through and against which the Wire is twisted.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the edge of the button, the cloth and the head or eyelet, after the wire has been twisted, the head or eyelet hav.- ing an extension shown open before bending it over the twist to hide the twisted wire.
  • Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but after the extension of the head or eyelet has been lbent over the twisted wire to hide the same.
  • Fig. 11 is a perspective view of another form of machine for carrying out my invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the machine of Fig. 11, but in a partially open position.
  • Fig. 13 is a vertical transverse section of a stationary head for holding the button and closed ends of the wire staples.
  • Fig. 14 is a side elevation of a further modification of a machine for carrying out my invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a side elevation of a still further modification of a machine for carrying out my invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a perspective view of a further form of twisting head.
  • Fig. 17 is a perspective view of a further modified form of twisting head.
  • Fig. 18 is an end view of a twisting shaft showing the twisting head for use on a small button.
  • Fig. 19 is a fragmentary side elevation of the lower end of a twisting shaft of the type shown in Fig. 18, and showing in vertical cross section an extension screwe'd thereonto to operate on a larger button.
  • Fig. 20 is a plan view of a button showing the wire staples being passed through the holes of the button in parallel or side-by-side relation instead of having their heads or closed ends crossed one over the other.
  • Fig. 21 shows a section through a button and an eyelet, and a staple being passed therethrough and showing how the legs of the wire staple cross each other ⁇ as they pass through the hole of the eyelet.
  • Fig. 22 is a section through a button, spacer,
  • Fig. 1 a button I, spacer 2, cloth 3, head or eyelet 4, and twisting head 5 slightly spaced apart from each other, with a pair of wire staples 6 and I passed through the button holes, spacer, cloth and head or eyelet, and the free and of the staples in position in the slots in the twisting head, but before these parts have been pressed together to their intended positions.
  • Fig. 9 After the twisting has been completed but before the integral tab or extension 8 of the head or eyelet 4 has been bent over the twisted ends of the wire to hide the same.
  • the tab or extension 8 shows the tab or extension 8 after it has thus been bent over to hide the twisted wire.
  • the tab or extension 8 may have a snap flange 9 formed on its free end to snap into gripping and fastening engagement with the adjacent edge of the head or eyelet 4 after being bent thereover.
  • the twisting head 5 extends upwardly in the form of a shaft or stem I3, having fixed at its upper end a disk-like handle I4 which during the twisting operation may be grasped within the palm of the hand and pressed downward to keep the various parts together and retain the wire within the notches I0.
  • the Wires will be twisted both above and below the head or eyelet 4 until the wire above the head or eyelet assumes the twisted shape shown in Figs. 9 and 22.
  • the button may be placed against the top face of the stationary head I5 which is formed withangular notches I6 so arranged as to receive the crossed closed ends of the wire. staples 6 and I to hold the button against trgnf, ning, or the button may be held against tttgni'ng by hand if desired. It will be understqtifthat.
  • the twisting head s and twisting ngtphs Inj therein may be of various shapes, two. ofV which, further shapes are shown in Figs.V 1i-f and l'l.,L As soon as the twisting of the wires has been, ⁇ completed as seen in Fig.
  • the'extension tab, 8 of the head or eyelet 4 will: be bent over the. ⁇ twisted wires and pressed against the head op.' eyelet and secured in place thereon by the snap., flange 9 as seen in Figjl, thus completing the2 securing of the buttonto the cloth, whenv done.2 manually.
  • thev wires, forming the legs of: the staples 6 anat l may be, roughened, if desired; as shown at I1, to fargli?. tate the wire legs gripping each other during twisting and thus prevent them from slipping with relation to each other.
  • the @ylt 4 may be positioned with either side out, but it is pre ferred to place it so that the. ooncavity is toward the button, see Figs. l., 9 and 21.
  • the twisting may be done by mounting the twisting means in a form of apparatus shown in Figs. 2, 3, 11, 12, 14, and 15, thusgiving a more positive and controllable operan.. tion.
  • the twisting device shown in Fig. l may be mounted in the upper swingable arm i3, niv-. otally connected at I9 to the stationary base 2Q, provided with the upstanding, angulaly extend4 ing socket portion 2
  • the upper and lower members I8 and 20 are made of sheet met@ pressed by dies or the like into the shape shownl with the bottom lip 22 (see Fig. 3) slitted at its,- sides and bent forwardly and fastened to the front wall of the socket portion 2
  • the cross Seg tion of the stationary head I5 and the socket removably receiving the same will be nonncir: cular in order to prevent this head from rotat: ing during the twisting operation, and permit 'the 7"to be removed and another ferie inserted when desired.
  • V'IE'lce forward end of the upper arm .IB is ⁇ fori-ned with a hollow Vportieri 23 'having .its ⁇ upper l.face an opening 24 -to rotatably receive the shaft or stem 13 carrying on l'its lower end .the twisting head 5, and Ion .its upper .end the .handle :I4 .for rotating-the stem and twisting head.
  • the .spacer 2 may be made .of -qany desired ⁇ :material .such Aas rubber, plastics, ,lg-lasst zwod, metal or the like. Also .the head or eyelet A may 'be turned with .either side :up .as stated above, ⁇ and the .tab .or :extension -8 may 'be omitted desired as :seen :in Figs. 2l and'22. It fshould'ibe understood that any color .of wires may abe fused 4to vharmonize .with any :color of cloth the-button .may be secured to.
  • noncircular portion 45 A is a cylindrical Aportioniil, so that when the upper armlis moved upwardlyla l suiiicient distance the cylindrical portion .41 will 4permit the upper arm to be swunglaterally-to move i-t .way from :the lower stationary head fk5, which stationary head .-as in ⁇ lligs. r2 and z3 4.is re- :moi/ably mounted :in fa .correspondingly shaped socket .which is indicated .in Figs. -11 and' .i2-at -2-
  • the shaft 42 extends downwardlylthroughthe nouow vhead 39 and is ⁇ formed at its lower -nd with a twisting head 148 formed at its bottom face with a rsuit-able number (preije'rably four) -of notches '49, -.-th e re V.being on the leading vlower edge of each ofsuch notches la lforward ly extend- Ving projection vEll, ⁇ the purpose of whichvis vto ⁇ readily .pick up the adjacent wire and' yguide it into the notch at gane beginning of the twisting operation.
  • a twisting head 148 formed at its bottom face with a rsuit-able number (preije'rably four) -of notches '49, -.-th e re V.being on the leading vlower edge of each ofsuch notches la lforward ly extend- Ving projection vEll, ⁇ the purpose of whichvis vto ⁇ readily .pick up the adjacent
  • ⁇ It is understoolthat the endsvof'the wires .before the twistingheadis applied thereto wllberough1yspread into their approximate ly correct ypositions .t0 "be pickedV up iby the .-D'rc actions ofthe .twisting r.head .and guided intothe twisting notches at ,thebeeinninebfthe.twisting operation. .In the form of .anparatussnownin Fig. 11o, the pressure ⁇ exerted. .downwardly wie" cilitate .the .twisting operation is applied bythe operator with the pressure of his hand down wardly upon theupper-arm ,38.
  • Fig. 13 is shown in vertical transverse section one form of stationary head for receiving and holding against movement the closed ends of the staples and 1, which wires pass into the notches when the button is positioned over the stationaiir head.
  • 'Ihis view is taken on a vertical plane passing through one of the notches i6 in the stationary head I5 of Fig. 4.
  • various forms and arrangements of notches in the stationary head may be employed as desired.
  • Fig. 14 shows another form of apparatus in which the pressure is applied upon the button assembly by rotating the handle 5i which rotates the threaded stem 52 and lby means of the threads thereon moves the stem downwardly into contact with the button assembly and with the desired amount of pressure.
  • rotation of the handle 5l is stopped and the twisting head 53, which then presses agaimt the wires, is rotated manually by means of the wings 54, this twisting head being freely rotatable on the extended pin 55 which is formed with a Acircumferential groove to receive a pin P xed in the twisting head to permit the twisting head from falling away from the stem 52 but yet prevent free rotation thereon.
  • the twisting head 53 which then presses agaimt the wires
  • a suitable frame 51 is provided having a base portion 58 formed with a socket portion 59 to receive the stationary head B0 for similar purposes as those pointed out above in the preceding views.
  • a frame 6I having a base B2 and a socket for receiving the stationary head 63, while at the upper end it is formed with a hole 64 through which is rotatably mounted the stern 55 which is smooth and unthreaded.
  • the handle 6G is manually raised to permit entry of the cloth and button assembly, after which the handle 56 and stem 55 is pushed downwardly to cause engagement with the wires of the twisting head 48 formed at the lower end of the stem and of similar formation to that described above in connection with Figs. l1 and 16.
  • the twisting head is in engagement with the wires a slight pressure downward is exerted on the handle 66, which is then rotated a suitable number of times and the twisting effected in the manner described earlier herein.
  • Fig. 17 shows the form of twisting head illustrated in the apparatus of Fig. 14, and which operates as described in connection with Fig. 14.
  • a twisting stem 61 which at its lower end is formed with a series of twisting notches 68 similar in general to those described above, the twisting head (which may be the bottom of a stem if desired) being of small diameter for producing a twisting operation upon buttons of a small diameter.
  • This form may also be used for fastening buttons to cloth or the like with a head or eyelet of small diameter, which because oi its small diameter will enable the elimination of the spacer.
  • the exterior lower end of the shaft 59 carrying the twisting head 61 may be formed with threads, and an additional twisting head 'lll of larger diameter screwed thereon, as shown in Fig. 19, when it is desired to convert the small twisting head o Fig. 18 into a larger one but still using some of the parts.
  • the wire staples may be inserted into the holes in the button in a parallel 0r Side-by-side relation if desired, instead of ⁇ (,:riss-cross as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the diameter of the opening in the eyelet is smaller than the distance between the holes in the button, and the wall of the eyelet facing the button tapers upwardly and inwardly, so that when the staple legs are inserted through the hole in the eyelet the legs will be crossed and spread outwardly to facilitate more easily bending them by hand outwardly roughly into position to enter the notches in the twisting head.
  • the twisting is shown as having been completed and the wire twisted both above and below the eyelet and cloth.
  • twisting head More than four notches may be used in the face of the twisting head if desired. While in Figs. 11, 12, l5 and 16 the twisting head is shown for operative rotation in a counterclookwise direction, it is to be understood that it may be made for rotation in ⁇ a clockwise direction just as well, if desired.
  • the staples may be of any shape in cross section desired, and will have their free ends preferably of unequal length and pointed so as to facilitate convenient piercing of the material t0 which the button is being attached. I, however, do not wish to be limited thereto as other forms may be used without departing from the spirit of my invention.
  • wire staples includes not only bent metal staples Vbut also any head, base or the like having legs attached thereto or protruding therefrom and which legs may be of metal, or materials other than metal capable of retaining the legs in their twisted formation.
  • a twisting head having in its operative face a plurality of laterally extending grooves opening into a cavity formed in the central portion of said face, said cavity having a closed inner end and being of a total depth from said face only slightly greater than the depth of the grooves, said operative face being intended to bear against the adjacent one of said plurality of parts during the twisting operation and the free ends of the wire staples moving inwardly along the trailing side walls of the notches into the cavity, the closed end and side walls of the cavity under pressure exerted on the twisting head as the latter rotates forming the wire ends into a compact rounded head free of outwardly projecting wire ends, the projections deiining the side walls of the grooves being each undercut'on
  • a twisting head having in its operative face a plurality of laterally extending grooves opening into a cavity formed in the central portion of said face, said cavity having a closed inner end and being of a total depth from said face only slightly greater than the depth of the grooves, said operative face being intended to bear against the adjacent one of said plurality of parts during the twisting operation and the free ends of the wire staples moving inwardly along the trailing side walls of the notches into the cavity, the closed end and side walls of the cavity under pressure exerted on the twisting head as the latter rotates forming the wire ends into a compact rounded head free of outwardly projecting wire ends, the trailing side walls of the grooves being of reentrant inclined formation to counteract any tendency
  • a twisting head having in its operative face a plurality of laterally extending grooves opening into alcavity formed in the central portion of said face, said cavity having a closed inner end and being of a total depth from said face only slightly greater than the depth of the grooves, said operative face being intended to bear against the adjacent one of said plurality of parts during the twisting operation and the free ends of the wire staples moving inwardly along the trailing side walls of the notches into the cavity, the closed end and side walls of the cavity under pressure exerted on the twisting head as the latter rotates forming the wire ends into a compact rounded head free of outwardly projecting wire ends, the trailing side walls of the grooves being substantially tangent to the circumference of the cavity
  • Apparatus for securing together a plurality of parts with wire staples passing through the parts and the end portions of the wires being twisted into a compact rounded head free of outwardly projecting wire ends comprising a frame having a base member formed in the exposed face of its rear end portion with a noncircular socket, an arm member having at its rear end a stem adapted to be removably seated in said socket, said stem having a portion corresponding in crosssection to that of the socket to prevent lateral movement of the arm member when the non circular part of the stem is seated in the nonciroular part of the socket, said stem also having a cylindrical portion to enable lateral swinging movement of the arm when the stem is partly moved out of the socket, said base member having an anvil on its end portion opposite from the socket, and said arm member having rotatably mounted in its end portion opposite from the stem a twisting head facing said anvil.

Description

ug-v 5, 1947 w. E. DE wALD 2,425,031
FASTENING .'.1=1=ARATUsl Original Filed Oct. 16, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l Augq, 1947. i w, E. DE WALD 2,425,031
FASTENING APPARATUS Original Filed Oct; 16, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR .MK//l/am eWa/d.
Patented Aug. 5, 1947 JNEF'EEBF STATES? PATE-NYI" FASTENIN G APPARATUS William \E.D.e.-Wald Chicago, vlIll Original application@ ctober-rl; 1941;.. SerialNm. L5115;]68-:1 Dividedland this applicationxAprilrlg; I9;4.4;Serial Noa 529,053
4ciaims. (ci. 21a-21r- This invention relates@ to apparatus for producinga button and fastening uni-t.. As-iswell known,-y whenbuttons are-sewedonto clothing orl other articles requiringfbuttons by al needle, and. thread,- the operationisznotonlytime-consuini-ngl bntina relatlvely; short time :the button-.thus-- This applicationfis; aedivisionrofszmyv. copend'ng-z. Y
application SerialiNo. 415,168'. filed Octoberl 16," 1941, now Patent-No..2,346,2G9 grantedApril 11,. 1944*.;
Among v the obj ectsfoffitherpreseni; invent-ionjs tov eliminate the objections andi-carryiout .the i111- tended purposes referredto above.
Anotherl Objectis to providemeans for enabling.- thetWist-ingcf the wirelfor ffasteningthe button` onto: thev cloth or .the. .like,.v by :hand-bythe use:
merelyof atwisting tool held lfreelyin: the hand.
A further object is tonprovide:a.-novelarrange ment .and assembly. of clothgr. button and= wire-to enable easy and `quickl twisting of- 'ther wire to secure the. button tothe cloth.V
A.\sti1l further -objectI is :to` providey af simple-- convenientmachine for twisting said wire.
Another object is' the-provision ofmeans for covering the -nishedfftwisted wire tohide the same fromsighty and prevent-the.y same from scratching or `injuringgthe:skin-of the wearerl of the garment on whichlthefbu-tton is secured.
A further object is to provide novel-meansv for 1 spacing -the `button from-the -cloth` during" the fastening operation.
A still further object-is rthe provi-sion of afperi` forated head oreyeletlthrough whichfthe legs of wire staples'are passed after-- passing through the and tapered inwardly'and upwardly to facilitateA Dessins .0f` the stapleglees upwardly; through the @valet ppeninerandgspread..said. lees in. crossed.
sted
2. relation `t`o..space. their free .ends apartto' enable them to be easily frther spread by the'lingers"` ofthe operator to position them to bereceived' by. the notches off thetwisting head,
Another object is the provision of a nove1'y twistinghead that may. be-.formed on the .endof the twisting shaft for smallv buttons, and'formed to. enable` ar larger head. tov be. detachably secured thereto, when desired; forlstrger buttons.
Aiurther4 object isth'e provision ofv a.. novel" stationary. holding. head." formed 'i to. receive; the wire or wiresA on the outerface of `the..button, and.. to hold thef. button stationary dringthei twistingoperation..
Astilrfurther object .is ,toprovlde novelstaples or bent wires of`such shape as to facilitate the.' buttonfastening. operation, and improve .the appearance of Yth'eiii'iislfi'ed product..`
Other obiects, advantages and. vcapabilities inherently possessedebyl my. invention will.. latermore fully appear.
My invention` further residesyin .tle.combina tion,v. construction.. and. arrangement of` partsillustrated` `infthefA accompanying drawings,v` and while vI /haveshown thereine preferredw embodif. ments, I wish it understood that the same isisus-` ceptible of modiflcation-.andwchange without-departinggfromthespirit.ofmy`invention.
Infthe drawings-:-
Figure 1 is a perspective View showingftherparts infslightly spaced apart positionl tozbetter.- lillustra-tezgthelrelation ofgthefparts.:toeachv other prior toxbeing; pushedtogethenand'prior tothe twisting'.l oneratiom. and in whichthetztwisting' head'and its operating-parts; areffre'elyl held :in i thefh'and. ifoir. a hand twisting.,operation.
Figa 2f`fis a :,perspectivefview of a nia-chine for?" performing thetwistingoperation Fig.: 3 lis; a :longitudinal vertical section 'through' a. median planel vof the machine-shown in ligtfgW and showing-- a 'butto'n havingA been:Y lfastened to a piece-tof 1 supporting rmaterial.V
Fignlwis'a"perspective view'of oneiorm 'ofstai` tionaryff head for holding "the l-button removably mountable' inthe Vlower 'portion 2 of thermachine shownfin'FigsZ, Y'3,ff'll, 12,*14 and-15f liligs'l is a perspective view-'tof aistaple of'wii'e" to -be pushed rst`thr0ugh two'holes in the brit-"t tonina buttonv 'havingiur holes.
Fig. 6"isaiview'similar'v to Fig: 5- butshowing'a" staplewhose closi-:ldendl willcross 'over the closed endof-the-rstsstaple;the staples of Figs. 5 and* 6"; having revers e`A crimpse'to' 'intert when" pushe'oll through'th'e'.holes'iofthebutton.'
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a spacer to be positioned between the button and the cloth.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a head or eyelet through and against which the Wire is twisted.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the edge of the button, the cloth and the head or eyelet, after the wire has been twisted, the head or eyelet hav.- ing an extension shown open before bending it over the twist to hide the twisted wire.
Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but after the extension of the head or eyelet has been lbent over the twisted wire to hide the same.
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of another form of machine for carrying out my invention.
Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the machine of Fig. 11, but in a partially open position.
Fig. 13 is a vertical transverse section of a stationary head for holding the button and closed ends of the wire staples. Y
Fig. 14 is a side elevation of a further modification of a machine for carrying out my invention.
Fig. 15 is a side elevation of a still further modification of a machine for carrying out my invention.
Fig. 16 is a perspective view of a further form of twisting head.
Fig. 17 is a perspective view of a further modified form of twisting head.
Fig. 18 is an end view of a twisting shaft showing the twisting head for use on a small button.
Fig. 19 is a fragmentary side elevation of the lower end of a twisting shaft of the type shown in Fig. 18, and showing in vertical cross section an extension screwe'd thereonto to operate on a larger button.
Fig. 20 is a plan view of a button showing the wire staples being passed through the holes of the button in parallel or side-by-side relation instead of having their heads or closed ends crossed one over the other.
Fig. 21 shows a section through a button and an eyelet, and a staple being passed therethrough and showing how the legs of the wire staple cross each other` as they pass through the hole of the eyelet.
" Fig. 22 is a section through a button, spacer,
cloth and eyelet, and showing one or more wire staples twisted into final position to secure these parlts together. Referring more particularly to the drawings, have shown in Fig. 1 a button I, spacer 2, cloth 3, head or eyelet 4, and twisting head 5 slightly spaced apart from each other, with a pair of wire staples 6 and I passed through the button holes, spacer, cloth and head or eyelet, and the free and of the staples in position in the slots in the twisting head, but before these parts have been pressed together to their intended positions. These parts are shown in final position in Fig. 9, after the twisting has been completed but before the integral tab or extension 8 of the head or eyelet 4 has been bent over the twisted ends of the wire to hide the same. Fig. 10 shows the tab or extension 8 after it has thus been bent over to hide the twisted wire. If desired, the tab or extension 8 may have a snap flange 9 formed on its free end to snap into gripping and fastening engagement with the adjacent edge of the head or eyelet 4 after being bent thereover.
As will be understood, the parts shown separated in Fig. 1 will be pushed together so that the button engages the spacer, the spacer engages the cloth and the cloth engages the head or eyelet, the free ends of the two wires staples being then bent laterally by hand* and' positioned roughly to extend one into each of the four notches f of the twisting head and extending laterally outwardly therefrom. The projections Hf defining the side walls of said notches are each undercut on each side as shown at I2 so that as the twisting head is rotated in either direction the undercut faces I2 will act to retain the wires within the notches I0 as the twisting proceeds. As seen in Fig. 1, the twisting head 5 extends upwardly in the form of a shaft or stem I3, having fixed at its upper end a disk-like handle I4 which during the twisting operation may be grasped within the palm of the hand and pressed downward to keep the various parts together and retain the wire within the notches I0. As the twisting proceeds the Wires will be twisted both above and below the head or eyelet 4 until the wire above the head or eyelet assumes the twisted shape shown in Figs. 9 and 22.
During the twisting operation when twisting freely by hand the button may be placed against the top face of the stationary head I5 which is formed withangular notches I6 so arranged as to receive the crossed closed ends of the wire. staples 6 and I to hold the button against trgnf, ning, or the button may be held against tttgni'ng by hand if desired. It will be understqtifthat. the twisting head s and twisting ngtphs Inj therein may be of various shapes, two. ofV which, further shapes are shown in Figs.V 1i-f and l'l.,L As soon as the twisting of the wires has been,` completed as seen in Fig. 9, the'extension tab, 8 of the head or eyelet 4 will: be bent over the.` twisted wires and pressed against the head op.' eyelet and secured in place thereon by the snap., flange 9 as seen in Figjl, thus completing the2 securing of the buttonto the cloth, whenv done.2 manually. As seenl in Figs. 5 and 6;` thev wires, forming the legs of: the staples 6 anat l may be, roughened, if desired; as shown at I1, to fargli?. tate the wire legs gripping each other during twisting and thus prevent them from slipping with relation to each other. The @ylt 4 may be positioned with either side out, but it is pre ferred to place it so that the. ooncavity is toward the button, see Figs. l., 9 and 21.
Instead of making the twist by holding the twisting means freely in the hand and pressing toward the button, the twisting may be done by mounting the twisting means in a form of apparatus shown in Figs. 2, 3, 11, 12, 14, and 15, thusgiving a more positive and controllable operan.. tion. In the form of apparatus shown in 2 and 3, the twisting device shown in Fig. l may be mounted in the upper swingable arm i3, niv-. otally connected at I9 to the stationary base 2Q, provided with the upstanding, angulaly extend4 ing socket portion 2| adapted to removably ireceive the stationary head I5, or any other sta.`
tionary head formed with any other arrange-, ment andgform of cross slots as desired. In the, form shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the upper and lower members I8 and 20 are made of sheet met@ pressed by dies or the like into the shape shownl with the bottom lip 22 (see Fig. 3) slitted at its,- sides and bent forwardly and fastened to the front wall of the socket portion 2| in any des sirable manner as by welding, brazing, rivetingL bolting or the like, in order to form a rigid bot tom to receive and rmly hold the bottom of the stationary head I5. Preferably, the cross Seg tion of the stationary head I5 and the socket removably receiving the same, will be nonncir: cular in order to prevent this head from rotat: ing during the twisting operation, and permit 'the 7"to be removed and another ferie inserted when desired.
V'IE'lce forward end of the upper arm .IB is {fori-ned with a hollow Vportieri 23 'having .its `upper l.face an opening 24 -to rotatably receive the shaft or stem 13 carrying on l'its lower end .the twisting head 5, and Ion .its upper .end the .handle :I4 .for rotating-the stem and twisting head. In Aorder -to :giveample clearance for .the-operators ilngers 'between this '.-handle and the upper face of the .arm I3 lthe -stern AI3 is formed with :an .enlarged portion to provide .the shoulder .26m/lush is of larger diameter :than :the opening 24 to :form -a stop'to prevent -furtherdownward movement I.of `the `stem ibut yet :permit :a limited-.upward move ment.
The upper arm |58 ata position .slightly .fon- -ward lof A'the'pivot SIB `.is formed :with a .protruding pin 2'I against which bears .'thefree :end .of `the Ileaf spring :'28, :secured I:by rivets or the alike 29 .to the lower .or 'ibase --member :L20 Iand so ar.- i-anged vas-to normally .urge .the .upper arm 1 8 to v-move in a clockwisedireotion.asviewed in "Rigs, '2-*and`3 when .closed-iin-.order tocause .-.anm I8 to swing xto .open position, :when released, -read-y to v--receive the cloth, button .-and parts foroperatien upon another button. To permit the ..upperiarm .118 yto '-be 'held' with .some Tpressure ,against the 1wire, eyelet land cloth -for .a `twisting operation, '-I .haveprovided a-swingable'springyoke 30, pivfo'ted-on both :sides offthe'base member at 3l, and
having at .:both sides ;upst anding Vspring :wires 32 formed-with voneiortmore .coils-33 to permit spring action Whenidistorted. 'When-the .upper arm lf3 iSswung-.forward into zposition for aftwistingop- `eration and the .outer :or .upper jbar .of l:the x-yoke 3B -pushed between -the .upstanding lugs 3d the coil-33zwill be distorted so as toprovide suflcient pressure Iagainst ithe button assembly L'between the ystationary head t5 -and .the :twisting :head '5.
to enable the required twisting .merelygby rotating .the handle .If'IL 1.1i' additional Apressure =is `clesiredfthelsamev may be produced-fbymerely :push- -ing downwardly the .desired iamount with .the hand `.upon fthe :handle sld. When the twisting .operation is :completed -the vyoke ;3;;may abe released by Vpulling it orciblyout :from ,between the lugs .34', 4.whereupon the "leaf spring 28 y,will --:swing .the wuppel farm I8 :rearwardly ;to;a zsufli- `ciently open Y.position l.to :give ,zdesiredgiclearance tofenable ,assembling :ofthe parts for -the next operation. P:How lthe twisting Ioperation is effect-ed in-.fthe :apparatus otFigs. 2*,-and 3 -will be .clear froman inspectionfof :Fig 1it beingunderstood: that. when theA spaced; apartpartsyofgEig. :are pressedztogetherf longitudinally of the axis :ot-twisting .and the-.ends Aof the 4wiresprotrude laterally. outward ffrom :the undercut notches It, a =rotation voif'fthe vhandle IA rwill :twist .the :wires -rtogetheri-bothabove ;and below-fthe eyelet 4 Vduring whichV twisting. operationtheends.- of thegwires --will be =pulled :radially inwardly :through the 1notches |10.-untilt-hetwist:shownA in; Fig. 9; isgcom- .pleted, this ftwiste'd end `being as ubstantially `-smooth .and Vdome-.shaped` ('Eigs. 1:9 .-,and 'L2-2) lby :reason of the.-domeshape of the IQeSs-QE the center of the faceoffthentwistngface .asgseenin *.Figsi l3, and 14. This; also .presses,.the free-engl of Lthe. stapl'eflegs `into contact :with :the eyeletand .prevents-@them vfrom standing y.ont to catch .into :the -fcloth -ofgthe clothing.
'IngEia .2r-the:Springfyoke :shown as; removed-from.engagement betweenthalues .and before:the upper .arm Iii-.nas Asy/une,:rearvvardiy v Yfen11u5.111,1@atwe purposes. It will be understood, however, that vunless held downwardly by the operatorie hand when vspring lyoke 311 is released, thenpper 428 will move .rearwardly the end. 35 Strikes the bottom .plate of :the base l20 orderlto open the jaws a -suiicient Adistance .to permit ,free vmove..- ment therebetween in .assembling .the next button and `associated part-s. Also in Fig. 3 the -jaws' .are for illustrative purposes .shown a slight .distance open, .-but it should tbe understood that when spring -yoke 3:0 :is betweenlugs r34 `and :theupner Aarm I8 is not held .back by the .operators hand, the jaws -will close .and sufficient. pressure abe ex- .erted .upon the button yassembly to, enable @the twisting operation.
The .spacer 2 may be made .of -qany desired `:material .such Aas rubber, plastics, ,lg-lasst zwod, metal or the like. Also .the head or eyelet A may 'be turned with .either side :up .as stated above, `and the .tab .or :extension -8 may 'be omitted desired as :seen :in Figs. 2l and'22. It fshould'ibe understood that any color .of wires may abe fused 4to vharmonize .with any :color of cloth the-button .may be secured to.
ln `Figs. 11 .and l2 are .shown 1an apparatus .=in which my .twisting device is. mounted, this :appar ratus comprising gene-rally the "-base fportion i311 and the-upper .arm -38 for-ined at its'forward :end with .a hollow .head 39 (1in Fig. all) Aformed'at/its .upper .side with an `opening All fto .receive fthe shaft Q42, which .shaft Ais provided at fitsrupper end .with `an .enlargement d'3 -just below -the diskelikefhan- 'die 44 for similar purposes-to those described sin connection with Figs. ky2 .and 3. The right-'hand end of the .upper arm '38 y,as viewed in Figs; 1'1
- .and l2 .extends downwardly .and is fprovidedwith .a 4non-.circular Vportion .'45 .of vsuch .size as .to slidably .t -into 'the upstanding correspondingly shaped socket 4'6 .of lthe'base-portionTf1, so .that when the `upper .arm :38 is vmoved downwardly non-circular portion 45 rwill befseated .socket portion #It and prevent the forward .end .of arm A38 from moving laterally. @Formed below noncircular portion 45 Ais a cylindrical Aportioniil, so that when the upper armlis moved upwardlyla l suiiicient distance the cylindrical portion .41 will 4permit the upper arm to be swunglaterally-to move i-t .way from :the lower stationary head fk5, which stationary head .-as in `lligs. r2 and z3 4.is re- :moi/ably mounted :in fa .correspondingly shaped socket .which is indicated .in Figs. -11 and' .i2-at -2-|-'.
The shaft 42 extends downwardlylthroughthe nouow vhead 39 and is `formed at its lower -nd with a twisting head 148 formed at its bottom face with a rsuit-able number (preije'rably four) -of notches '49, -.-th e re V.being on the leading vlower edge of each ofsuch notches la lforward ly extend- Ving projection vEll, `the purpose of whichvis vto `readily .pick up the adjacent wire and' yguide it into the notch at gane beginning of the twisting operation. {It is understoolthat the endsvof'the wires .before the twistingheadis applied thereto wllberough1yspread into their approximate ly correct ypositions .t0 "be pickedV up iby the .-D'rc actions ofthe .twisting r.head .and guided intothe twisting notches at ,thebeeinninebfthe.twisting operation. .In the form of .anparatussnownin Fig. 11o, the pressure `exerted. .downwardly wie" cilitate .the .twisting operation is applied bythe operator with the pressure of his hand down wardly upon theupper-arm ,38. Qtherwise than Ias pointed out, the twisting operationmis veiliected .the same ,general yrnanicer as thatfdesribfd .abovefinnnectonwithFiss. Zand?. Fig- 12 the arm 38 is shownas beingpf springy mate-4 rial that when pushed downwardly sufficient bending will occur to urge the twisting head to its work' and hold it there during its operation.
In Fig. 13 is shown in vertical transverse section one form of stationary head for receiving and holding against movement the closed ends of the staples and 1, which wires pass into the notches when the button is positioned over the stationaiir head. 'Ihis view is taken on a vertical plane passing through one of the notches i6 in the stationary head I5 of Fig. 4. As will -be understood, various forms and arrangements of notches in the stationary head may be employed as desired.
Fig. 14 shows another form of apparatus in which the pressure is applied upon the button assembly by rotating the handle 5i which rotates the threaded stem 52 and lby means of the threads thereon moves the stem downwardly into contact with the button assembly and with the desired amount of pressure. When the desired amount of pressure has been applied, rotation of the handle 5l is stopped and the twisting head 53, which then presses agaimt the wires, is rotated manually by means of the wings 54, this twisting head being freely rotatable on the extended pin 55 which is formed with a Acircumferential groove to receive a pin P xed in the twisting head to permit the twisting head from falling away from the stem 52 but yet prevent free rotation thereon. As will be understood in Fig. 14, a suitable frame 51 is provided having a base portion 58 formed with a socket portion 59 to receive the stationary head B0 for similar purposes as those pointed out above in the preceding views. In Fig. 15 is provided a frame 6I having a base B2 and a socket for receiving the stationary head 63, while at the upper end it is formed with a hole 64 through which is rotatably mounted the stern 55 which is smooth and unthreaded. In operating this 'form of apparatus the handle 6G is manually raised to permit entry of the cloth and button assembly, after which the handle 56 and stem 55 is pushed downwardly to cause engagement with the wires of the twisting head 48 formed at the lower end of the stem and of similar formation to that described above in connection with Figs. l1 and 16. When the twisting head is in engagement with the wires a slight pressure downward is exerted on the handle 66, which is then rotated a suitable number of times and the twisting effected in the manner described earlier herein.
Fig. 17 shows the form of twisting head illustrated in the apparatus of Fig. 14, and which operates as described in connection with Fig. 14.
In Fig. 18 is shown a twisting stem 61 which at its lower end is formed with a series of twisting notches 68 similar in general to those described above, the twisting head (which may be the bottom of a stem if desired) being of small diameter for producing a twisting operation upon buttons of a small diameter. This form may also be used for fastening buttons to cloth or the like with a head or eyelet of small diameter, which because oi its small diameter will enable the elimination of the spacer. The exterior lower end of the shaft 59 carrying the twisting head 61 may be formed with threads, and an additional twisting head 'lll of larger diameter screwed thereon, as shown in Fig. 19, when it is desired to convert the small twisting head o Fig. 18 into a larger one but still using some of the parts.
As shown in Fig. 20, the wire staples may be inserted into the holes in the button in a parallel 0r Side-by-side relation if desired, instead of `(,:riss-cross as shown in Fig. 1.
As shown in Fig. 21, the diameter of the opening in the eyelet is smaller than the distance between the holes in the button, and the wall of the eyelet facing the button tapers upwardly and inwardly, so that when the staple legs are inserted through the hole in the eyelet the legs will be crossed and spread outwardly to facilitate more easily bending them by hand outwardly roughly into position to enter the notches in the twisting head. In Fig. 22, the twisting is shown as having been completed and the wire twisted both above and below the eyelet and cloth.
More than four notches may be used in the face of the twisting head if desired. While in Figs. 11, 12, l5 and 16 the twisting head is shown for operative rotation in a counterclookwise direction, it is to be understood that it may be made for rotation in `a clockwise direction just as well, if desired.
The staples may be of any shape in cross section desired, and will have their free ends preferably of unequal length and pointed so as to facilitate convenient piercing of the material t0 which the button is being attached. I, however, do not wish to be limited thereto as other forms may be used without departing from the spirit of my invention.
While I have shown for illustrative purposes my invention as applied to the fastening of a button onto cloth or other supporting material, I wish it understood that my invention may be used for the securing together of any two or more parts desired, to which it may be adaptable. Also, I wish it understood that the term wire staples as used herein includes not only bent metal staples Vbut also any head, base or the like having legs attached thereto or protruding therefrom and which legs may be of metal, or materials other than metal capable of retaining the legs in their twisted formation.
Having now described my invention, I claim:
l. In a device for securing together a plurality of parts with twisted wire staples which parts when the securing operation is completed present on one side of one of the parts a closely compacted head of twisted wire free of any outwardly projecting wire ends that would catch on extraneous objects, a twisting head having in its operative face a plurality of laterally extending grooves opening into a cavity formed in the central portion of said face, said cavity having a closed inner end and being of a total depth from said face only slightly greater than the depth of the grooves, said operative face being intended to bear against the adjacent one of said plurality of parts during the twisting operation and the free ends of the wire staples moving inwardly along the trailing side walls of the notches into the cavity, the closed end and side walls of the cavity under pressure exerted on the twisting head as the latter rotates forming the wire ends into a compact rounded head free of outwardly projecting wire ends, the projections deiining the side walls of the grooves being each undercut'on each side to positively pick up the wires and guide them inwardly into the cavity when the twisting head is rotated in either direction.
2. In a device for securing together a plurality of parts with twisted wire staples which parts when the securing operation is completed present on one side of one of the parts a closely compacted head of twisted wire free of any outwardly projecting wire ends that would catch on extraneous objects, a twisting head having in its operative face a plurality of laterally extending grooves opening into a cavity formed in the central portion of said face, said cavity having a closed inner end and being of a total depth from said face only slightly greater than the depth of the grooves, said operative face being intended to bear against the adjacent one of said plurality of parts during the twisting operation and the free ends of the wire staples moving inwardly along the trailing side walls of the notches into the cavity, the closed end and side walls of the cavity under pressure exerted on the twisting head as the latter rotates forming the wire ends into a compact rounded head free of outwardly projecting wire ends, the trailing side walls of the grooves being of reentrant inclined formation to counteract any tendency for the wires to leave the grooves.
3. In a device for securing together a plurality of parts with twisted wire staples which parts when the securing operation is completed present on one side of one of the parts a closely compacted head of twisted wire free of any outwardly projecting wire ends that would catch on extraneous objects, a twisting head having in its operative face a plurality of laterally extending grooves opening into alcavity formed in the central portion of said face, said cavity having a closed inner end and being of a total depth from said face only slightly greater than the depth of the grooves, said operative face being intended to bear against the adjacent one of said plurality of parts during the twisting operation and the free ends of the wire staples moving inwardly along the trailing side walls of the notches into the cavity, the closed end and side walls of the cavity under pressure exerted on the twisting head as the latter rotates forming the wire ends into a compact rounded head free of outwardly projecting wire ends, the trailing side walls of the grooves being substantially tangent to the circumference of the cavity. f
4. Apparatus for securing together a plurality of parts with wire staples passing through the parts and the end portions of the wires being twisted into a compact rounded head free of outwardly projecting wire ends, comprising a frame having a base member formed in the exposed face of its rear end portion with a noncircular socket, an arm member having at its rear end a stem adapted to be removably seated in said socket, said stem having a portion corresponding in crosssection to that of the socket to prevent lateral movement of the arm member when the non circular part of the stem is seated in the nonciroular part of the socket, said stem also having a cylindrical portion to enable lateral swinging movement of the arm when the stem is partly moved out of the socket, said base member having an anvil on its end portion opposite from the socket, and said arm member having rotatably mounted in its end portion opposite from the stem a twisting head facing said anvil.
/VILLIAM E. DE WALD. REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,497,339 McCann June 10, 1924 1,271,711 Horvath July 9, 1918 1,397,876 Meldal Nov. 22, 1921 1,163,085 Hardy Dec. 7, 1915 1,515,100 Foster Nov. 11, 1924 424,423 Lanpher Mar. 25, 1890 444,808 Beals Jan. 20, 1891 1,845,951 Worsham Feb. 16, 1932 173,141 Shorey Feb. 8, 1876 1,706,576 Karcsak Mar. 26, 1929 376,971 Tone Jan. 24, 1888 2,031,820 Kuch Feb. 18, 1936 1,126,908. Stoeber Feb. 2, 1915 2,270,092 Thompson Jan. 13, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 333,868 Great Britain Aug. 21, 1930 Certicate of Correction Patent N o. 2,425,031. August 5, 1947.
` [SEAL] THOMAS F. MURPHY,
Assistant Uommz'ssz'oner of Patent.
US529053A 1941-10-16 1944-04-01 Fastening apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2425031A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3596329A (en) * 1968-10-22 1971-08-03 Ernestine A Hoban Button attachment
US4062130A (en) * 1976-07-08 1977-12-13 Wood George A Mechanism modeling
US8006534B1 (en) * 2010-08-04 2011-08-30 Du-Bro Products, Inc. Wire or rod bender
US8584913B1 (en) * 2012-08-16 2013-11-19 Leon Perlsweig Method for reconnecting a button to a garment and apparatus therefor

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US173141A (en) * 1876-02-08 Improvement in machines for attaching buttons
US376971A (en) * 1888-01-24 Button-attaching machine
US424423A (en) * 1890-03-25 Charles w
US444808A (en) * 1891-01-20 Tool for twisting wire
US1126908A (en) * 1914-02-11 1915-02-02 Carl Stoeber Eyeleting apparatus.
US1163085A (en) * 1914-03-20 1915-12-07 Q V Bridwell Clutch.
US1271711A (en) * 1918-02-21 1918-07-09 Charles Horvath Combination button-fastener and eyeleting tool.
US1397876A (en) * 1920-08-31 1921-11-22 Meldal Edward Nut, bolt, screw, and the like
US1497339A (en) * 1923-08-23 1924-06-10 Scovill Manufacturing Co Method of attaching pronged fasteners
US1515100A (en) * 1922-07-31 1924-11-11 Herman C Smith Rear clutch for motor vehicles and the like
US1706576A (en) * 1927-11-02 1929-03-26 Karcsak Paul Button-securing device
GB333868A (en) * 1929-05-22 1930-08-21 Gerrard Co Inc Improvements relating to wire tying machines
US1845951A (en) * 1930-06-20 1932-02-16 Jesse G Worsham Wire tier tool
US2031320A (en) * 1931-06-01 1936-02-18 Hotchkiss Co E H Staple driving machine
US2270092A (en) * 1939-10-30 1942-01-13 Thompson Bremer & Co Wrench for lock nuts

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US173141A (en) * 1876-02-08 Improvement in machines for attaching buttons
US376971A (en) * 1888-01-24 Button-attaching machine
US424423A (en) * 1890-03-25 Charles w
US444808A (en) * 1891-01-20 Tool for twisting wire
US1126908A (en) * 1914-02-11 1915-02-02 Carl Stoeber Eyeleting apparatus.
US1163085A (en) * 1914-03-20 1915-12-07 Q V Bridwell Clutch.
US1271711A (en) * 1918-02-21 1918-07-09 Charles Horvath Combination button-fastener and eyeleting tool.
US1397876A (en) * 1920-08-31 1921-11-22 Meldal Edward Nut, bolt, screw, and the like
US1515100A (en) * 1922-07-31 1924-11-11 Herman C Smith Rear clutch for motor vehicles and the like
US1497339A (en) * 1923-08-23 1924-06-10 Scovill Manufacturing Co Method of attaching pronged fasteners
US1706576A (en) * 1927-11-02 1929-03-26 Karcsak Paul Button-securing device
GB333868A (en) * 1929-05-22 1930-08-21 Gerrard Co Inc Improvements relating to wire tying machines
US1845951A (en) * 1930-06-20 1932-02-16 Jesse G Worsham Wire tier tool
US2031320A (en) * 1931-06-01 1936-02-18 Hotchkiss Co E H Staple driving machine
US2270092A (en) * 1939-10-30 1942-01-13 Thompson Bremer & Co Wrench for lock nuts

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3596329A (en) * 1968-10-22 1971-08-03 Ernestine A Hoban Button attachment
US4062130A (en) * 1976-07-08 1977-12-13 Wood George A Mechanism modeling
US8006534B1 (en) * 2010-08-04 2011-08-30 Du-Bro Products, Inc. Wire or rod bender
US8584913B1 (en) * 2012-08-16 2013-11-19 Leon Perlsweig Method for reconnecting a button to a garment and apparatus therefor

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