US2566641A - Road grading machine - Google Patents

Road grading machine Download PDF

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US2566641A
US2566641A US605859A US60585945A US2566641A US 2566641 A US2566641 A US 2566641A US 605859 A US605859 A US 605859A US 60585945 A US60585945 A US 60585945A US 2566641 A US2566641 A US 2566641A
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frame
pavement
blade
grading
rail
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US605859A
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Edwin B Snead
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/7663Graders with the scraper blade mounted under a frame supported by wheels, or the like
    • E02F3/7686Graders with the scraper blade mounted under a frame supported by wheels, or the like with the vertical centre-line of the scraper blade disposed laterally relative to the central axis of the frame
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/80Component parts
    • E02F3/84Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems
    • E02F3/841Devices for controlling and guiding the whole machine, e.g. by feeler elements and reference lines placed exteriorly of the machine
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/02Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears
    • E02F9/024Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears with laterally or vertically adjustable wheels or tracks

Definitions

  • This invention relates to new and useful improvements in a road grading machine.
  • One object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus particularly adapted for use in building roads of the type having a concrete or other type of pavement wherein form rails or sections are employed.
  • a particular object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus, whereby a previously cut or dug excavation may be finished to the desired grade and contour and at the same time the forms set with a minimum of labor and a great saving in time.
  • An important object of the invention is to provide improved apparatus particularly adapted for use in widening paved roads wherein a new strip of pavement is laid contiguous to an old pavement.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described which includes an elongate mobile grading frame adapted to be moved along the edge of a pavement and which is suitably supported, so as to carry a cutting blade for grading the excavation and disposing the excavated material to the outside thereof, whereby the form sections or rails may be set up immediately behind the cutting blade as the grading proceeds.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described including a vehicle or mobile support adapted to track on the old pavement and carry a grading frame overhanging the excavation, arranged with a cutting blade for bringing the excavation to the desired grade and contour and alinement gages travelling on the edge of the old pavement for keeping the frame in line.
  • One of the features of the invention is the provision of a grading frame having mobile supporting means and a grading blade together with a supporting roller or wheel adapted to travel on the usual form rails and spaced from the blade so as to permit the placing of an advance rail therebetween when said wheel is resting upon theforward end of a previously placed form rail.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described including a vehicle or mobile support adapted to track on the old pavement and supporting a grading frame overhanging the excavation, arranged to be swung to an upright position when not in use, to enable the tractor to travel along the road without interfering with other vehicles or obstructions,
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus having a grading frame provided with portable supporting means and alinement gages, adapted to roll along the edge of the pavement, in combination with a propelling unit to which the grading frame is attached, which unit is provided with wheels arranged to be adjusted at an angle divergent from the edge of the pavement, whereby the grading frame is held in alinement with the edge of the pavement while being moved therealong.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a grading frame having a scraper, a mobile support at one end and a mobile support at the opposite end thereof, having means whereby the frame and the scraper carried thereby may be vertically adjusted to control the depth of the cut made by the scraper.
  • An important feature of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described wherein one end of the grading frame is carried upon the usual form rail, thus assuring in combination with the alinement gages, the desired grading and contour as well as holding the operation to a uniform width contiguous to the edge of the pavement.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan viewof a machine constructed in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same
  • Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3-4 of Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a similar view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse sectional vie taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1, v
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1,
  • Fig. '7 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view taken on the line I-
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged transverse sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 4,
  • Fig. 9 is an elevation of the rear end of the grading frame showing the auxiliarysupporting wheel
  • Fig. 10 is a contracted plan view of another form of vehicle adapted to be pulled by a tractor.
  • Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a form rail used in pavement construction.
  • one of the 3 beams I4 has a pair of spaced ears 1'5 lse'cured'to its web.
  • A-triang'ular scraper hanger 'I'! has its inner end securedv to the inner ends of thebolsters, and its apex or outer end projecting beyond the beams I I.
  • Thishanger may be made of I-beams, and secured tothe. underside of the frame It so as to lie substantially flush with the bolsters.
  • the hanger being triangular and being disposed between the bolsters, will give rigidity to the frame it].
  • a multiple wheel carriage or truck 18 For supporting the forward end of the frame it, a multiple wheel carriage or truck 18 is provided.
  • This carriage is equipped with a plurality of wheels 59, whichare offset longitudinally and transversely of the frame, andv may have rubber tires or flat rims so asto: distribute the load over a comparatively broad area, and thus preyent digging into the soft ground.
  • the wheels are also disposed in rowstransversely of the. beams H.
  • the carriage supports the forward end, of the frame by means of a yoke 20 suitably pivoted at its lower end in the carriage as is best shown in -Fig. 1, andat its upper end on a transverse rocker-'2! suitably journal'e'd' under the forward ends of the Lbeams H.
  • a hydraulic cylinderr22 port 24 extends upwardly through brackets 35 carried by a tranverse brace 36 secured between the beams ii.
  • the bolt is adjusted up and down by means of nuts 31 mounted thereon, and bearing upon the upper bracket 35.
  • the dolly is rocked upon the shaft 29 and the rear end of the grading frame is thus adjusted vert al
  • the distance between the edge of. the old pavement A and the form rail 25 controls the width .of the new strip of pavement.
  • This strip may vary in width, and thus the scraper blade 32 must be; made in sections, so that while it may pass, between the edge of the pavement A and the'for'm rail, it will cut the entire surface of f the ground therebetween, in order to establish has its lower end suitably pivoted on a transverse shaft 2 I" in the carriagel8- andis provided with a plunger 23-having its end pivoted to the rocker 2 I suitable means ma be provided for supplying fluid the cylinder and for operating the same, whereby the; forward end of the frame itmay'be vertical-ly adjusted.
  • I For supporting the rear end of the frame 16, I provide a dol1y 2 3, adapted to traclrupon the ordinary angular form rail 25-.
  • the support is has a laterally projecting aXIe -Z'I welded to its underside at 'its'rea'r and for supporting a flange roller 28, which rides upon the form rail 25.
  • These forms rails are in'common 'u's e, and are placed alon the outer side of the excavation so as to form the outer edge of the new pavement.
  • shaft 29 is journaled in bearingboxes 30 welded'tofthe undersides of the beams I I, and passing through a box 3-! Welded on top orsaiasupptrt.
  • The-forward end of the frame is adjusted by means ofthe hydraulic-cylinder22, as has been previously described.
  • an eye bolt 33 pivoted-at its lower end between ears 34 carried on the forward end of the supthe proper grade and contour.
  • the blade 32 is formed in three sections B, C and D, which are of different lengths or widths; The manner of supporting the sections i ioptional, andcwill be described only in a general; ways.
  • sections B, C and D are provided with lugs; 38 (Fig. 8). 39 have their lower ends journaledin these lugs, asis best shown Fig. 8.
  • Each bar is screwthreaded and engaged in. a'bearing block 40 secured to the web of the hanger H, By rotating the 'bars 39 of a section, the latter may be raisedand lowered.
  • Only one supporting means has been shown for the section. D, however it could be formed with. a plurality of supporting members, and it is to be understood that the supporting members for the blade sections may be of any suitable construction.
  • the sections are intercnangeame so as to be assembled in blades of various lengths. Although only one scraping blade has been illustrated the machine may be provided with two'scraping blades. The two scraping blades may be arranged to correspond with the triangular form. of hanger I! so that the machine'will be capable of scraping ineith'er of two directions.
  • the cutting edges of the blade 32 may be adjusted to give various contours to the cut, but it is not considered necessary to illustrate suchcontours.
  • the outersection D is comparatively narrow. Ordinarily, this section will not be used. Itsometimesoccursthat' the contractor has form rails 25' which are higher than the thickness of the new strip of pavement, which he is called uponjto lay. As an illustration, his form rails may be .9 incheshigh, while his pavement is only to be 8 inches in thickness. In such cases-the section'D is adjustedlower than the other sections, so as to dig a trench in which the form rails 25 may be laid so that their upper surfaces Twill beat theproper-elevati'on. With the section D'omitted, the sections B and C 'cut the entiregrade betwejemthe edge of thepavement A'and the'form rail 25.
  • Upright bars gage head may be vertically adjusted to properly engage the edge of the pavement A.
  • a caster roller 41 is carried by a bracket 48 secured at the inner, front end of the hanger I! and rolls on the pavement A.
  • chassis members 49 which are indicated generally and which are suitably secured to the beams 14.
  • Each chassis is suitably supported by an axle 50, and carries a power plant 51 of the front wheel drive type, so that the wheels 52 may be driven as well as steered.
  • each power unit is provided with a steering wheel 53, and the wheels are provided with rubber tires for rolling on the pavement A.
  • the wheels are provided with steering linkage 54, as is shown in Fig. l, and each linkage is provided with a suitable lock 55 connected with the chassis 49, whereby said linkage may be locked against movement.
  • the wheels 52 are shown in Fig. 1 at an angle slightly divergent from the longitudinal edge of the pavement A, and this angle has been slightly exaggerated in the drawings for the purposes of illustration.
  • the locks 55 are operated to hold said wheels in the adjusted position. The purpose of this is to create a side draft to the forward movement of the machine whereby the alinement gages 41 are held in engagement with the edge of the pavement A for the purpose of keeping the machine in alinement. Since the surface of the excavation which is being graded is uneven, there will be areas where the blade 32 will cut deeper than at other areas, thus involving heavy cuts and light cuts. The angling of the vehicle wheels 52 is highly important where the cut is light.
  • a tripod 56 is mounted at the center of the vehicle frame 13 on the beams l4, and has a sheave 51 journaled at its top.
  • a small drum 5B is mounted on the inner I-beam I4, at the base of the tripod, and has a cable 59 wound thereon, which passes upwardly and over the sheave 51.
  • This cable is provided with a hook 50 at its outer end, which engages in an eye 5
  • the drum is provided with a winding handle and ratchet 52. By revolving the drum to wind the cable, the frame I0 may be wung to an upright position.
  • While the invention is primarily for use in widening a pavement which has been previously laid, it is not to be so limited, and may be used wherever found practical. While the apparatus has been illustrated with a single grader frame extending from one side of the vehicle, it would be feasible to duplicate the structure on the other side of the vehicle. Since the caster roller 41, at the inner end of the bolster l2, rolls on the pavement A and supports th inner side of the frame If], it would be possible to detach the frame ill from the vehicle and pull it with a tractor or other self-propelled unit traveling on the pavement. Either the vehicle or the caster rollers constitute a mobile support for the grader frame.
  • the apparatus is driven along the pavement A and stopped at the point where the grader frame H! is to be used.
  • One form rail 25 is set up and the grader frame positioned so that the flanged roller 23 rests upon the forward or advance end of the rail, as is indicated in full lines in Fig. 1. If the grader frame is carried by a vehicle, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, it is lowered so that the wheel 28 will rest upon the rail 25. It will, of course, be necessary to position the vehicle so that the roller 28 will rest on top of the rail 25 and the frame It will extend substantially parallel to the edge of the pavement A.
  • the rear end of the frame is adjusted by manipulating the eye-bolt 33 and the hydraulic cylinder 22 is operated to adjust the carriage I8.
  • the purpose in making these adjustments is to dispose the lower edge of the cutter blade at the desired inclination and depth. It is obvious that the provision of vertical adjustments at the front and rear ends of the grader frame, together with the adjustment of the blade 32, enables the operator to set the cutting edge of the blade 32 to the exact grade and contour at Whichhe desires to finish the excavation.
  • are adjusted so that the rollers 43 will bear against the vertical edge of the pavement A and keep the:
  • the next form section or rail 25 is placed in position as indicated in dotted lines at E in Fig. 1. It will be observed. that sufficient length is given to the frame In to permit the rail E to be set between the apex of the cutters 32 and the forward end of the previously set rail.
  • cleats 63 are spaced along the outer beam II and upright gage bars 54 have their upper ends inserted in these cleats with their lower ends terminating above the grade. The relative lateral spacing between the gage bars and the roller 28 is such that when the added rail E is placed against the bars 64, it will be positioned in proper alinement with the previously set rail. This arrangement avoids the necessity of measuring and manually alining the rails.
  • the apparatus may be 'effici'en tly operated with a driver and three laborers, which is one thir'd the numher of men usually employed. It has been found inractual operation 'that'the work may be done in" one-half the time usually required by the methods now in commences.
  • an auxiliary caster wheel 65 is fastened to the rear end of the inner beam 1 I, so as .to hang just above the grade and act to support the rear end of the frame, as will be obvious.
  • the axles 59 and wheels 52 would be equipped with i ordinary steering linkage 1D and draw bars H are attached to the ends of the frame.
  • the forward draw bar may be suitably connected to a tractor so that the frame may be pulled along the pavement and the wheels secured by the locks 55, if desired. It would also be possible to equip the frame with a power driving unit at one end and a draw bar at the other end so that the apparatus may be used in either manner.
  • a road apparatus including, a grading frame, a portable carriage adjust'ably supporting one end cfthe frame, a dolly" adjustably supporting the opposite end of the frame, alinernent gages carried by the frame for engaging the edge of a pavement, a scraper blade suspended from the medial portion of the frame, a vehicle adapted to' travel along a finished pavement and to which the frame is attached, and meansforlocking the wheels of the vehicle at an angle to its direction of travel to cause the' alinement' gages to maintain the frame'in' line. 7 V
  • a road grading machine including, an elongate grading frame adap'ted to'trave'llongitudi nally outboard of a finished pavement and having an inner side jand'anouter'side spaced rolling guides adthe" inner side oftheflfrarife disposed Horizontally for engaging the edge" or a have:
  • a road grading machine including, a frame ""risin'g'. an elongate outer inemb'eraloiig its outer side and medial epawdtransverse members dire'tedinwaidly from the Outer member, a t angular blade hanger between the" trail members having its] outer op'en porti'on rigidly sec-dream the outer frame member and its ijri ner ends rigidly carried by the inner ends of the transverse members, a blade suspended by the hanger, a portable support attached to the inner ends of the transverse members at the inner side of the frame, a wheeled suppbrt' at; the front end of the outer frame member movable in the direc tion of the" longitudinal 2331s of the outer frame member, and a rear wheeled support at the rear end of said outer frame member.
  • A; road grading machine including, a frame comprising an elongate aural-immeaalong its outer-side and medial spaced transverse abr's' directed inwardly from the outer m r, a triangular blade hanger between the tra erse membershavi-ng its outer open portieir rigidly secured: tof't-lfeouter frame member and its inner en'ds 'ri-gidly carried bylthe inner ends of the transverse members, a ⁇ biaeesespeneed by the hanger; a portable supportattached to the inner ends of the transverse members at the inner side of the'frame; aniultipl'e wheel truck suppertin'g the front end of the outer frame member ineva-ble in the direction of 'the' lefigitudin'al axis or the outer frame" member; and rear wheeled suppers at the rearendof said outer frame mere ber.
  • a road grading machine including, a frame compris ng an elongate cut r member along its outer side medialspaced transverse mem: hers-directed inwardly from theouter hiliiol; a"trl'a'-i'iglilar blade Hanger between the ti 21'svi 's'ememlcers having its-outer open-portion fig 13 secured td' trimmer-frame member and its in ner ends rigidly carriedby the inner ends of the transverse members; a blade suspended by the usages; the transverse fra'me-niembers having meane t their inner ends for hingi-ngthe frame to the side of aportablesupport,- brackets car'- ri'e'd by' the transverse members adjacent the in ner ends thereof,-horizontal rolling edge gages car ierrby said" brackets ⁇ and wheeled supports at the front and rear" ends of the outer member Ofth'e'frame; V
  • Aroad'tg'rading machine including, a frame comprisingan' elongate outer member along its outer side andrhedi'al spaced transverse members directed inwardly from the outer member, a tri-, "'g l'arf blade; hanger between i the transverse masters: having" its outer open sermon rigidly secured to the outer frame member and its inner ends rigidly carried by the inner ends of the transverse members, a blade suspended by the hanger, a portable support attached to the inner ends of the transverse members at the inner side of the frame, a truck supporting the front end of the outer frame member having rigidly alined transverse rows of wheels, and a wheeled support supporting the rear end of the outer frame member.

Description

p 1951 E. B. SNEAD 2,566,641
ROAD GRADING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1945 6 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 4, 1951 E. SNEAD 2,566,641
ROAD GRADING MACHINE v Filed July 19, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Edwin E). Snead Sept. 4, 1951 E. B. SNEAD 2,556,641
ROAD GRADING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Sept. 4, 1951 E. B. SNEAD 2,566,641
ROAD GRADING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Sept. 4, 1 951 UNITED STATES PATENT.
OFFICE ROAD GRADING MACHINE Edwin B. Snead, Austin, Tex.
Application July 19, 1945, Serial No. 605,859
9 Claims. (01. 37-108) This invention relates to new and useful improvements in a road grading machine.
One object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus particularly adapted for use in building roads of the type having a concrete or other type of pavement wherein form rails or sections are employed.
A particular object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus, whereby a previously cut or dug excavation may be finished to the desired grade and contour and at the same time the forms set with a minimum of labor and a great saving in time.
An important object of the invention is to provide improved apparatus particularly adapted for use in widening paved roads wherein a new strip of pavement is laid contiguous to an old pavement.
Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described which includes an elongate mobile grading frame adapted to be moved along the edge of a pavement and which is suitably supported, so as to carry a cutting blade for grading the excavation and disposing the excavated material to the outside thereof, whereby the form sections or rails may be set up immediately behind the cutting blade as the grading proceeds.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described including a vehicle or mobile support adapted to track on the old pavement and carry a grading frame overhanging the excavation, arranged with a cutting blade for bringing the excavation to the desired grade and contour and alinement gages travelling on the edge of the old pavement for keeping the frame in line.
One of the features of the invention is the provision of a grading frame having mobile supporting means and a grading blade together with a supporting roller or wheel adapted to travel on the usual form rails and spaced from the blade so as to permit the placing of an advance rail therebetween when said wheel is resting upon theforward end of a previously placed form rail.
A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described including a vehicle or mobile support adapted to track on the old pavement and supporting a grading frame overhanging the excavation, arranged to be swung to an upright position when not in use, to enable the tractor to travel along the road without interfering with other vehicles or obstructions,
Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus having a grading frame provided with portable supporting means and alinement gages, adapted to roll along the edge of the pavement, in combination with a propelling unit to which the grading frame is attached, which unit is provided with wheels arranged to be adjusted at an angle divergent from the edge of the pavement, whereby the grading frame is held in alinement with the edge of the pavement while being moved therealong.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a grading frame having a scraper, a mobile support at one end and a mobile support at the opposite end thereof, having means whereby the frame and the scraper carried thereby may be vertically adjusted to control the depth of the cut made by the scraper.
An important feature of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the character described wherein one end of the grading frame is carried upon the usual form rail, thus assuring in combination with the alinement gages, the desired grading and contour as well as holding the operation to a uniform width contiguous to the edge of the pavement.
A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described, together with other features of the invention.
The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is a plan viewof a machine constructed in accordance with the invention,
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same,
Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3-4 of Fig. 1,
Fig. 4 is a similar view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1,
Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse sectional vie taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1, v
Fig. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1,
Fig. '7 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view taken on the line I-| of Fig. 1,
Fig. 8 is an enlarged transverse sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 4,
Fig. 9 is an elevation of the rear end of the grading frame showing the auxiliarysupporting wheel, and
Fig. 10 is a contracted plan view of another form of vehicle adapted to be pulled by a tractor.
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a form rail used in pavement construction.
Near each end of the vehicle frame, one of the 3 beams I4 has a pair of spaced ears 1'5 lse'cured'to its web. Hangers I6, welded to the upper sides of the bolsters [2 at their inner ends, engage between the ears and are pivoted onbolts- I-l, whereby the frame I may be swung up and down and also may be swung to an upright position whenit is desired to transport the machine from place to place; A-triang'ular scraper hanger 'I'! has its inner end securedv to the inner ends of thebolsters, and its apex or outer end projecting beyond the beams I I. Thishanger may be made of I-beams, and secured tothe. underside of the frame It so as to lie substantially flush with the bolsters. The hanger being triangular and being disposed between the bolsters, will give rigidity to the frame it].
For supporting the forward end of the frame it, a multiple wheel carriage or truck 18 is provided. This carriage is equipped with a plurality of wheels 59, whichare offset longitudinally and transversely of the frame, andv may have rubber tires or flat rims so asto: distribute the load over a comparatively broad area, and thus preyent digging into the soft ground. The wheels are also disposed in rowstransversely of the. beams H. The carriage supports the forward end, of the frame by means of a yoke 20 suitably pivoted at its lower end in the carriage as is best shown in -Fig. 1, andat its upper end on a transverse rocker-'2! suitably journal'e'd' under the forward ends of the Lbeams H. A hydraulic cylinderr22 port 24, extends upwardly through brackets 35 carried by a tranverse brace 36 secured between the beams ii. The bolt is adjusted up and down by means of nuts 31 mounted thereon, and bearing upon the upper bracket 35. By this means, the dolly is rocked upon the shaft 29 and the rear end of the grading frame is thus adjusted vert al The distance between the edge of. the old pavement A and the form rail 25 controls the width .of the new strip of pavement. This strip may vary in width, and thus the scraper blade 32 must be; made in sections, so that while it may pass, between the edge of the pavement A and the'for'm rail, it will cut the entire surface of f the ground therebetween, in order to establish has its lower end suitably pivoted on a transverse shaft 2 I" in the carriagel8- andis provided with a plunger 23-having its end pivoted to the rocker 2 I suitable means ma be provided for supplying fluid the cylinder and for operating the same, whereby the; forward end of the frame itmay'be vertical-ly adjusted.
For supporting the rear end of the frame 16, I provide a dol1y 2 3, adapted to traclrupon the ordinary angular form rail 25-. The'dolly 'includes an elongate suppprtze pivoted nitermediate its ends to the underside of the'beams l i, as is best shown in Figs; 5"a nd 6-. The support is has a laterally projecting aXIe -Z'I welded to its underside at 'its'rea'r and for supporting a flange roller 28, which rides upon the form rail 25. These forms railsare in'common 'u's e, and are placed alon the outer side of the excavation so as to form the outer edge of the new pavement. For pivoting themember 26, 8, shaft 29 is journaled in bearingboxes 30 welded'tofthe undersides of the beams I I, and passing through a box 3-! Welded on top orsaiasupptrt.
A scraper blade 32*i's '-'carried on the forward side of the hanger 'II, and'it is obvious that the frame Ill must be vertically adjusted so thatthe blade will cutto the proper depth. The-forward end of the frame is adjusted by means ofthe hydraulic-cylinder22, as has been previously described. For adjusting thefre'a-r end'of {the frame, an eye bolt 33 pivoted-at its lower end between ears 34 carried on the forward end of the supthe proper grade and contour. As is shown in Figs. 2- and 4, the blade 32 is formed in three sections B, C and D, which are of different lengths or widths; The manner of supporting the sections i ioptional, andcwill be described only in a general; ways. The: sections B, C and D are provided with lugs; 38 (Fig. 8). 39 have their lower ends journaledin these lugs, asis best shown Fig. 8. Each bar is screwthreaded and engaged in. a'bearing block 40 secured to the web of the hanger H, By rotating the 'bars 39 of a section, the latter may be raisedand lowered. Only one supporting means has been shown for the section. D, however it could be formed with. a plurality of supporting members, and it is to be understood that the supporting members for the blade sections may be of any suitable construction. The sections are intercnangeame so as to be assembled in blades of various lengths. Although only one scraping blade has been illustrated the machine may be provided with two'scraping blades. The two scraping blades may be arranged to correspond with the triangular form. of hanger I! so that the machine'will be capable of scraping ineith'er of two directions.
'Itis pointed out that the cutting edges of the blade 32 may be adjusted to give various contours to the cut, but it is not considered necessary to illustrate suchcontours. It will be observed that the outersection D is comparatively narrow. Ordinarily, this section will not be used. Itsometimesoccursthat' the contractor has form rails 25' which are higher than the thickness of the new strip of pavement, which he is called uponjto lay. As an illustration, his form rails may be .9 incheshigh, while his pavement is only to be 8 inches in thickness. In such cases-the section'D is adjustedlower than the other sections, so as to dig a trench in which the form rails 25 may be laid so that their upper surfaces Twill beat theproper-elevati'on. With the section D'omitted, the sections B and C 'cut the entiregrade betwejemthe edge of thepavement A'and the'form rail 25. g
'An important feature of the invention is the means'for keeping "the grading frame proper alin 'eme'nt, and this is accomplished by-alinement gages ll-{whichare-best shown in Figs; l, 3 and '7, and which projects forwardly and rearwardly from the bolsters [2. Each; gage 'is' form'edof an elongate head fli'carrying' rollers'43 at each end, which roll on the edgeof the pavement A. The head is suspended b'y -an 'upright screw-threaded bar 'E-suitably secured to the medial portion 0f thehead and carried ina "clamp fastened on the bolster l2. Nuts 46, mounted on a bar 44; engage the' upper and-lower sides 0f :the
Upright bars gage head may be vertically adjusted to properly engage the edge of the pavement A. In order to take the load off of the pivot bolts H, by which the frame In is hinged to the vehicle frame l3, a caster roller 41 is carried by a bracket 48 secured at the inner, front end of the hanger I! and rolls on the pavement A.
At its forward and rearward ends, the vehicle [3 is provided with chassis members 49, which are indicated generally and which are suitably secured to the beams 14. Each chassis is suitably supported by an axle 50, and carries a power plant 51 of the front wheel drive type, so that the wheels 52 may be driven as well as steered. As is best shown in Fig. 2, each power unit is provided with a steering wheel 53, and the wheels are provided with rubber tires for rolling on the pavement A. The wheels are provided with steering linkage 54, as is shown in Fig. l, and each linkage is provided with a suitable lock 55 connected with the chassis 49, whereby said linkage may be locked against movement.
It will be observed that the wheels 52 are shown in Fig. 1 at an angle slightly divergent from the longitudinal edge of the pavement A, and this angle has been slightly exaggerated in the drawings for the purposes of illustration. After the wheels are adjusted to this angle, the locks 55 are operated to hold said wheels in the adjusted position. The purpose of this is to create a side draft to the forward movement of the machine whereby the alinement gages 41 are held in engagement with the edge of the pavement A for the purpose of keeping the machine in alinement. Since the surface of the excavation which is being graded is uneven, there will be areas where the blade 32 will cut deeper than at other areas, thus involving heavy cuts and light cuts. The angling of the vehicle wheels 52 is highly important where the cut is light.
For raising and lowering the grading frame [0, a tripod 56 is mounted at the center of the vehicle frame 13 on the beams l4, and has a sheave 51 journaled at its top. A small drum 5B is mounted on the inner I-beam I4, at the base of the tripod, and has a cable 59 wound thereon, which passes upwardly and over the sheave 51. This cable is provided with a hook 50 at its outer end, which engages in an eye 5| (Fi 3) at the outer end of the hanger II. The drum is provided with a winding handle and ratchet 52. By revolving the drum to wind the cable, the frame I0 may be wung to an upright position. Since the bolts [1 are inwardly of the wheels 52 and the top of the tripod is offset laterally from said bolts, it is obvious that when the frame I0 is in its upright position, only a portion will overhang said wheels, thus permitting the machine to pass over bridges and avoid road obstructions.
While the invention is primarily for use in widening a pavement which has been previously laid, it is not to be so limited, and may be used wherever found practical. While the apparatus has been illustrated with a single grader frame extending from one side of the vehicle, it would be feasible to duplicate the structure on the other side of the vehicle. Since the caster roller 41, at the inner end of the bolster l2, rolls on the pavement A and supports th inner side of the frame If], it would be possible to detach the frame ill from the vehicle and pull it with a tractor or other self-propelled unit traveling on the pavement. Either the vehicle or the caster rollers constitute a mobile support for the grader frame.
In using the apparatus herein set forth-it is first necessary to provide an excavation contiguous to the edge of the pavement before the apparatus can be used. This excavation may be dug or cut in any suitable manner and with any suitable machine. In making the excavation, the grade is left about 1 inch higher than the grade at which the excavation is to be finished. After the excavation has been dug, it is customary to set upright form sections or rails, such as the form rail 25, which are placed at the outer line of the strip of any pavement which is to be laid.
The apparatus is driven along the pavement A and stopped at the point where the grader frame H! is to be used. One form rail 25 is set up and the grader frame positioned so that the flanged roller 23 rests upon the forward or advance end of the rail, as is indicated in full lines in Fig. 1. If the grader frame is carried by a vehicle, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, it is lowered so that the wheel 28 will rest upon the rail 25. It will, of course, be necessary to position the vehicle so that the roller 28 will rest on top of the rail 25 and the frame It will extend substantially parallel to the edge of the pavement A.
After the roller has been lowered onto the rail 25, the rear end of the frame is adjusted by manipulating the eye-bolt 33 and the hydraulic cylinder 22 is operated to adjust the carriage I8. The purpose in making these adjustments is to dispose the lower edge of the cutter blade at the desired inclination and depth. It is obvious that the provision of vertical adjustments at the front and rear ends of the grader frame, together with the adjustment of the blade 32, enables the operator to set the cutting edge of the blade 32 to the exact grade and contour at Whichhe desires to finish the excavation. After the frame has. been positioned, the alinement gages 4| are adjusted so that the rollers 43 will bear against the vertical edge of the pavement A and keep the:
grader frame in line.
In beginning the operation, the next form section or rail 25 is placed in position as indicated in dotted lines at E in Fig. 1. It will be observed. that sufficient length is given to the frame In to permit the rail E to be set between the apex of the cutters 32 and the forward end of the previously set rail. To aid in alining the rails, cleats 63 are spaced along the outer beam II and upright gage bars 54 have their upper ends inserted in these cleats with their lower ends terminating above the grade. The relative lateral spacing between the gage bars and the roller 28 is such that when the added rail E is placed against the bars 64, it will be positioned in proper alinement with the previously set rail. This arrangement avoids the necessity of measuring and manually alining the rails. It would, of course, be possible to first adjust the alinement gages 4i and then move the vehicle along the road. so that when the rollers 43 engage the edge of the pavement, the wheel 28 would be in position to engage on top of the rail 25. In actual practice, it would be preferable to first adjust the frame It, and then complete the adjustment by setting the cutter blade. After the adjustments have been made, and the frame I0 is in position, the vehicle wheels 52 are swung to the proper angle and the locks 55 then applied.
The vehicle is now driven forwardly, whereby the ground is cut to the proper grade and contour. It will be noted that the scraper 32 projects beyond the beams ll so as to extend the "amiss-any ass sewers-y sufiqc'ieiitly to receive and'suppo'rt'the next forrhrailatthe proper elevation; also, the angular disposition of the cutting blade 32 will move the dirt toward the outer side of the cut and thus dispose it outwardly thereof, which leaves the out clean and facilitatesthe placing of. the form rails. When the apparatus has progressed to the point where the roller 28 reaches the forward or advance end of the rail 25, an additional ran is placed in position and the operation continued. The apparatus may be 'effici'en tly operated with a driver and three laborers, which is one thir'd the numher of men usually employed. It has been found inractual operation 'that'the work may be done in" one-half the time usually required by the methods now in commences.
In casethe apparatus should move so far forwardly as to carry the rollers-2s offthe front end of the rail 25, an auxiliary caster wheel 65 is fastened to the rear end of the inner beam 1 I, so as .to hang just above the grade and act to support the rear end of the frame, as will be obvious.
It is pointed out that the frames l and [3, being of considerable length, and comparatively narrow, will absorb twists and ordinary vertical displacements of individual wheels without seriously affecting the cut of the scraper blade. The apparatus permits the finishing of an excavation to an exact grade and contour, with a minimum amount of labor and with a desirable accuracy.
While the apparatus has been illustrated with motor units 54 mounted on the vehicle frame 14 and the wheels equipped with drives from the engines, it may be desirable to pull the frame by a tractor or other propelling means. In Fig. 10, I have illustrated a form suitable for this purpose and only the front and rear portions of the frame are shown. Instead of the engine drives,
the axles 59 and wheels 52 would be equipped with i ordinary steering linkage 1D and draw bars H are attached to the ends of the frame. The forward draw bar may be suitably connected to a tractor so that the frame may be pulled along the pavement and the wheels secured by the locks 55, if desired. It would also be possible to equip the frame with a power driving unit at one end and a draw bar at the other end so that the apparatus may be used in either manner.
The foregoing description of the invention is explanatory thereof and various changes in the size, shape and materials; as we'll as in the details of the illustrated construction may be made, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: g
1. A road apparatus including, a grading frame, a portable carriage adjust'ably supporting one end cfthe frame, a dolly" adjustably supporting the opposite end of the frame, alinernent gages carried by the frame for engaging the edge of a pavement, a scraper blade suspended from the medial portion of the frame, a vehicle adapted to' travel along a finished pavement and to which the frame is attached, and meansforlocking the wheels of the vehicle at an angle to its direction of travel to cause the' alinement' gages to maintain the frame'in' line. 7 V
2. A road grading machine including, an elongate grading frame adap'ted to'trave'llongitudi nally outboard of a finished pavement and having an inner side jand'anouter'side spaced rolling guides adthe" inner side oftheflfrarife disposed Horizontally for engaging the edge" or a have:
jinent, a rigid bled between the rolling g p theihan g'i "trah'sver's'elyfo'f the frame, a wheeled support for thelfiaiiie in advance of thefbla'de hanger-ya. rolling support rear of the hanger adapted to roll on a forin fail, the outer end of the-blade being spaced a greater distance from the. fear support than the length of a form rail sec on, and aromas supboft connected to the in rjside or the frame adapted to roll on a pavement.
g 3. A road grading machine as set forth in claim 2 with a dolly 'altjth rear end of the frame.
'4. A road grading machine including, a frame ""risin'g'. an elongate outer inemb'eraloiig its outer side and medial epawdtransverse members dire'tedinwaidly from the Outer member, a t angular blade hanger between the" trail members having its] outer op'en porti'on rigidly sec-dream the outer frame member and its ijri ner ends rigidly carried by the inner ends of the transverse members, a blade suspended by the hanger, a portable support attached to the inner ends of the transverse members at the inner side of the frame, a wheeled suppbrt' at; the front end of the outer frame member movable in the direc tion of the" longitudinal 2331s of the outer frame member, and a rear wheeled support at the rear end of said outer frame member.-
5. A' road grading machine asset forth in claim 4, With Horizontal rolling edge gages Carried at the inner ends of the transverse frame memb" 6. A road; grading machine as set forth cl m 4', with a dolly at the rear endof the outer frame fifemberl c p ,s
'7. A; road grading machine including, a frame comprising an elongate aural-immeaalong its outer-side and medial spaced transverse abr's' directed inwardly from the outer m r, a triangular blade hanger between the tra erse membershavi-ng its outer open portieir rigidly secured: tof't-lfeouter frame member and its inner en'ds 'ri-gidly carried bylthe inner ends of the transverse members, a} biaeesespeneed by the hanger; a portable supportattached to the inner ends of the transverse members at the inner side of the'frame; aniultipl'e wheel truck suppertin'g the front end of the outer frame member ineva-ble in the direction of 'the' lefigitudin'al axis or the outer frame" member; and rear wheeled suppers at the rearendof said outer frame mere ber. h
8 A road grading machine including, a frame compris ng an elongate cut r member along its outer side medialspaced transverse mem: hers-directed inwardly from theouter hiliiol; a"trl'a'-i'iglilar blade Hanger between the ti 21'svi 's'ememlcers having its-outer open-portion fig 13 secured td' trimmer-frame member and its in ner ends rigidly carriedby the inner ends of the transverse members; a blade suspended by the usages; the transverse fra'me-niembers having meane t their inner ends for hingi-ngthe frame to the side of aportablesupport,- brackets car'- ri'e'd by' the transverse members adjacent the in ner ends thereof,-horizontal rolling edge gages car ierrby said" brackets} and wheeled supports at the front and rear" ends of the outer member Ofth'e'frame; V
9; Aroad'tg'rading machine including, a frame comprisingan' elongate outer member along its outer side andrhedi'al spaced transverse members directed inwardly from the outer member, a tri-, "'g l'arf blade; hanger between i the transverse masters: having" its outer open sermon rigidly secured to the outer frame member and its inner ends rigidly carried by the inner ends of the transverse members, a blade suspended by the hanger, a portable support attached to the inner ends of the transverse members at the inner side of the frame, a truck supporting the front end of the outer frame member having rigidly alined transverse rows of wheels, and a wheeled support supporting the rear end of the outer frame member.
EDWIN B. SNEAD.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the, file of this patent:
Number 10 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Rutherford Dec. 9, 1890 Keetle Jan. 2, 1917 Hug Nov. 6, 1923 Mautz Aug. 3, 1926 Wilson Apr. 23, 1929 Sheppard May 7, 1929 Moritz Apr. 25, 1933 Mowbray May 23, 1933 Leydecker Oct. 30, 1934 Pederson Aug. 13, 1935 Cluster Dec. 13, 1938 Wilson et a1 Apr. 2, 1940 Wiese Apr. 29, 1941 Lowdermilk Feb. 23, 1943
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2616193A (en) * 1951-06-29 1952-11-04 Jansen & Schaefer Inc Road forming attachment for motor graders
US2754103A (en) * 1952-05-15 1956-07-10 Wilfred E Hedlund Ensilage loosener
US2834126A (en) * 1954-06-24 1958-05-13 John A Swanson Motor grader attachment support and grader blade control
US3127689A (en) * 1962-03-27 1964-04-07 Leonard L Hopkins Grader for a road having a curb
US4664971A (en) * 1981-12-30 1987-05-12 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Plastic article containing electrically conductive fibers
US8678702B1 (en) 2013-02-20 2014-03-25 James De Jong Gravel grader

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US442549A (en) * 1890-12-09 Device for grading and leveling roads
US1211167A (en) * 1916-06-10 1917-01-02 John H Keetle Road-grading machine.
US1473372A (en) * 1922-04-13 1923-11-06 Christian J Hug Subgrading machine
US1594972A (en) * 1926-01-25 1926-08-03 Alva H Mautz Shoulder-trimming machine
US1710329A (en) * 1926-11-10 1929-04-23 Austin Mfg Co Supplemental road grader
US1712358A (en) * 1927-05-05 1929-05-07 Marshall H Sheppard Form maker for road curbings
US1905420A (en) * 1930-06-20 1933-04-25 Charles J Moritz Road grader
US1910120A (en) * 1930-08-13 1933-05-23 Robert T Mowbray Soil shaping side attachment for road grading apparatus
US1978464A (en) * 1931-12-02 1934-10-30 Frederick J Leydecker Subgrader
US2011526A (en) * 1934-08-06 1935-08-13 Carl A Pederson Grading machine
US2140105A (en) * 1936-05-19 1938-12-13 Cluster Franklin Road building and reclamation machine
US2195607A (en) * 1940-04-02 Self-propelled road machine
US2240108A (en) * 1940-03-15 1941-04-29 Harry E Wiese Road-building machine
US2312255A (en) * 1941-03-13 1943-02-23 Elbert W Lowdermilk Grader

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2195607A (en) * 1940-04-02 Self-propelled road machine
US442549A (en) * 1890-12-09 Device for grading and leveling roads
US1211167A (en) * 1916-06-10 1917-01-02 John H Keetle Road-grading machine.
US1473372A (en) * 1922-04-13 1923-11-06 Christian J Hug Subgrading machine
US1594972A (en) * 1926-01-25 1926-08-03 Alva H Mautz Shoulder-trimming machine
US1710329A (en) * 1926-11-10 1929-04-23 Austin Mfg Co Supplemental road grader
US1712358A (en) * 1927-05-05 1929-05-07 Marshall H Sheppard Form maker for road curbings
US1905420A (en) * 1930-06-20 1933-04-25 Charles J Moritz Road grader
US1910120A (en) * 1930-08-13 1933-05-23 Robert T Mowbray Soil shaping side attachment for road grading apparatus
US1978464A (en) * 1931-12-02 1934-10-30 Frederick J Leydecker Subgrader
US2011526A (en) * 1934-08-06 1935-08-13 Carl A Pederson Grading machine
US2140105A (en) * 1936-05-19 1938-12-13 Cluster Franklin Road building and reclamation machine
US2240108A (en) * 1940-03-15 1941-04-29 Harry E Wiese Road-building machine
US2312255A (en) * 1941-03-13 1943-02-23 Elbert W Lowdermilk Grader

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2616193A (en) * 1951-06-29 1952-11-04 Jansen & Schaefer Inc Road forming attachment for motor graders
US2754103A (en) * 1952-05-15 1956-07-10 Wilfred E Hedlund Ensilage loosener
US2834126A (en) * 1954-06-24 1958-05-13 John A Swanson Motor grader attachment support and grader blade control
US3127689A (en) * 1962-03-27 1964-04-07 Leonard L Hopkins Grader for a road having a curb
US4664971A (en) * 1981-12-30 1987-05-12 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Plastic article containing electrically conductive fibers
US8678702B1 (en) 2013-02-20 2014-03-25 James De Jong Gravel grader

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