US2569390A - Well logging - Google Patents

Well logging Download PDF

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Publication number
US2569390A
US2569390A US691850A US69185046A US2569390A US 2569390 A US2569390 A US 2569390A US 691850 A US691850 A US 691850A US 69185046 A US69185046 A US 69185046A US 2569390 A US2569390 A US 2569390A
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Prior art keywords
drill stem
reel
cable
logging
drilling
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Expired - Lifetime
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US691850A
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Benjamin W Sewell
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Standard Oil Development Co
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Standard Oil Development Co
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V3/34—Transmitting data to recording or processing apparatus; Recording data

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for logging wells while drilling.
  • the principal object of the present invention is the provision of an apparatus and method for logging wells while drilling.
  • An additional object of the present invention is to provide in an apparatus of the aforesaid type an arrangement whereby electrical conductors may be lowered in the drill stem without twisting due to rotation of the drill stem.
  • a further object is to provide in an apparatus of the aforesaid type novel means for making contact between an isolated conductive section near the drill bit and a conductor lowered through the drill stem so as to utilize said section as an electrode.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of a method and apparatus of the aforesaid type with which any type of logging requiring the use of electrical conductors, such as conductivity measurements or radioactivity measurements or the like, may be carried out during drilling.
  • Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel means and method type in which the probing means may be housed in the kelly of a drill stem during drilling and used intermittently, as desired, for logging purposes.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is th provis on of a novel means and method for taking a signal oif a conductor carried inside a rotating drill stem.
  • Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the up er part of a drill stem embodving part of the apparatus of the present invention:
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the lower portion of the same drill stem embod ing the remainder of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical section showing a modified wall construction for the lower part of the drill stem.
  • numeral I designates a bore hole in which is arranged. a drill stem 2, the upper end of which isconnected in the usual manner to a key 3.
  • a conduit 5 having separated arms 5 which, in the embodiment shown. assume the form of a rectangle, the conduit 5 being connected at its upper 2 end to the swivel and at its lower end to the kelly.
  • sections 24 constitutes an electrode.
  • each of the arms 6 Suitably fixed to each of the arms 6 at a mid point thereof is a bearing 1 in which is journaled the shaft 8 of a reel 9 on which is wound a cable I0 carrying one or more conductors.
  • the inner end of each conductor is connected in the usual manner with a slip ring ll fixed to the shaft 8 on which is carried the usual spring contact member l2 electrically connected to another slip ring or commutator I3 mounted on the upper end of conduit 5 and suitably insulated therefrom by an insulating sleeve [4 mounted thereon.
  • a second spring contact l5 connected to recorder l6 which, as is common in well-logging equipment, contains a source of power to supply the probes or electrodes.
  • the reel 9 is driven by a motor 1! rigidly suspended from the arms 6 by suitable brackets l8 so as to rotate with the arms as a unit and geared to shaft 8 by a suitable gearing 19.
  • the upper end of conduit 5 carries suitable slip rings or commutators 2%! connected to a source of power by leads 2! and .the upper part of the conduit 5, passes through the arms 6, the lower part of the conduit 5, and
  • each of the conductors is connected to the interior of one of the tubular members 24 so as to provide electrical contact between said tubular member and the recording apparatus at the surface as well as with the source of power at the surface.
  • each metal section 30 has a thinner extension 3
  • Insulating material is molded into place around these extensions in the manner shown so as to form a continuous inner and outer surface with the metal sections 3! to produce, in effect, an integral structure.
  • These insulating sections have high shearing strengths, and, together with the extensions 3 l, are able to withstand the torque and other stresses imposed upon the assembly during the drilling operation.
  • the spring arms ZS are suiiiciently bowed so that when the electrode assembly is in the drilling stem, these arms make good f'rictionalcontact with their adjacent metal sections 30.
  • the conductors carried by the cable being directly connected to the metal sections 24, there is provided a complete electric circuit, including the electrodes, the earth between the electrodes, the conductors, and the recorder. It will be understood that in conventional electric logging the source of power for passing current through the earth formations is included in the recorder unit. It will be apparent,'of course, that if a different source of power is required, it will be connected 40 to the commutator [3. Where it is desired only ment shown will occur to those skilled in the art.
  • a rotatable drill stem comprising a pair of spaced hollow arms in fluid communication with the interior of said drill stem, a reel journaled in said arms with its longitudinal axis 7 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said drill stem, a cable wound on said reel, signal producing means carried by said cable, signal conducting means carried by said cable, signal receiving means mounted on said drill stem for rotation therewith and independent of said reel, signal transmitting means connecting said signal conducting means with said signal receiving means and means for taking off a signal from said conducting means.
  • An apparatus for drilling a well by the rotary method and simultaneously logging it comprising a hollow drill stem mounted for rotation, at least one electrically conductive section arranged adjacent the lower end of said drill stem and insulated therefrom, an elongated probing device having at least one conductive section, spring contacting means carried by said probing device adapted to make electrical contact between the electrically conductive section thereof and the electrically conductive section of said drill stem, a cable carryingv said probing device, at least one conductor in said cable connected to an electrically conductive section of said probing device, a reel mounted on the upper end of said drill stem for carrying said cable, said reel being mounted for rotation about its transverse axis with said drill stem and for rotation about its longitudinal axis, the longitudinal axis of said reel being disposed in perpendicular relation to the longitudinal axis of the drill pipe, at least one slip ring carried by said reel and connected to one of said conductors, at least one slip ring carried by said drill stem and rotatable therewith, an electrical connection between said reel slip
  • An apparatus for drilling a bore hole by the rotary method and simultaneously logging it which comprises a hollow drill stem mounted for rotation, a head carried b said drill stem comprising spaced hollow arms in fluid connection with said drill stem, a swivel connection between said head and a conduit for supplying a fluid medium to said drill stem, a reel journaled in said arms with its longitudinal axis vertical to the longitudinal axis of said drill stem whereby said reel is capable of rotation about its transverse axis with said drill stem and of rotation about its longitudinal axis, means for rotating said reel about its longitudinal axis, an electrical recorder adapted'to be arranged at the surface, sliding electrical contacts between said recorder and said reel, a cable carrying an electrical conductor wound on said reel, a probing device carried by the free end of said cable, said conductor being connected to said probing device and said sliding connections, and means at the. upper end of said drill stem for passing said cable into said drill stem.

Description

Sept. 25, 1951 B. w. SEWELL 2,559,390
WELL LOGGING Filed Aug. 20, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet l M00 FZOW doMMuTA'ro'zz.
PO WER acneopa B. w. SEWELL 2,569,390
WELL LOGGING 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 25, 1951 Filed Aug. 20, 1946 Patented Sept. 25,1951
WELL LOGGING Benjamin W. Sewell, Tulsa, Okla., assignor to Standard Oil Development Company, a corporation of Delaware Application August 20, 1946, Serial No. 691,850
3 Claims. 1
The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for logging wells while drilling.
The principal object of the present invention is the provision of an apparatus and method for logging wells while drilling.
An additional object of the present invention is to provide in an apparatus of the aforesaid type an arrangement whereby electrical conductors may be lowered in the drill stem without twisting due to rotation of the drill stem.
A further object is to provide in an apparatus of the aforesaid type novel means for making contact between an isolated conductive section near the drill bit and a conductor lowered through the drill stem so as to utilize said section as an electrode.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a method and apparatus of the aforesaid type with which any type of logging requiring the use of electrical conductors, such as conductivity measurements or radioactivity measurements or the like, may be carried out during drilling.
Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel means and method type in which the probing means may be housed in the kelly of a drill stem during drilling and used intermittently, as desired, for logging purposes.
Yet another object of the present invention is th provis on of a novel means and method for taking a signal oif a conductor carried inside a rotating drill stem.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will appear from the accompanying drawing in which,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the up er part of a drill stem embodving part of the apparatus of the present invention:
Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the lower portion of the same drill stem embod ing the remainder of the apparatus of the present invention; and
Fig. 3 is a vertical section showing a modified wall construction for the lower part of the drill stem.
Referring to the drawing in detail, numeral I designates a bore hole in which is arranged. a drill stem 2, the upper end of which isconnected in the usual manner to a key 3. Bet een the kelly and the swivel joint 4 is arranged a conduit 5 having separated arms 5 which, in the embodiment shown. assume the form of a rectangle, the conduit 5 being connected at its upper 2 end to the swivel and at its lower end to the kelly.
sections 24 constitutes an electrode.
Suitably fixed to each of the arms 6 at a mid point thereof is a bearing 1 in which is journaled the shaft 8 of a reel 9 on which is wound a cable I0 carrying one or more conductors. The inner end of each conductor is connected in the usual manner with a slip ring ll fixed to the shaft 8 on which is carried the usual spring contact member l2 electrically connected to another slip ring or commutator I3 mounted on the upper end of conduit 5 and suitably insulated therefrom by an insulating sleeve [4 mounted thereon. To frictionally engage slip ring I3 is a second spring contact l5 connected to recorder l6 which, as is common in well-logging equipment, contains a source of power to supply the probes or electrodes.
The reel 9 is driven by a motor 1! rigidly suspended from the arms 6 by suitable brackets l8 so as to rotate with the arms as a unit and geared to shaft 8 by a suitable gearing 19. To supply power to the motor, the upper end of conduit 5 carries suitable slip rings or commutators 2%! connected to a source of power by leads 2! and .the upper part of the conduit 5, passes through the arms 6, the lower part of the conduit 5, and
the kelly 3, into the drill stem 2. Leakage of mud or drilling fluid to the outside around the cable is prevented by suitable packing. suspended from the cable is an electrode assembly composed of alternate sections of metal tubing 24 and tubing of insulated material, such as Bakelite 25. .In the embodiment shown, the sheath of the cable is anchored in the upper metal section 24 in the manner well known in devices of this type. Each of the other metal Mounted on each electrode is an assembly of spring arms 7 26 having their ends connected to suitable collars .2! and 28. One of these collars is fixed to the tube 24 and the other is slidable thereon. Where two electrodes are employed and two conductors, each of the conductors is connected to the interior of one of the tubular members 24 so as to provide electrical contact between said tubular member and the recording apparatus at the surface as well as with the source of power at the surface.
lhe lower end of the drill stem is likewise made up of conductive and insulating sections corresponding in number and spacing to those on the electrode assembly. In the embodiment shown, there are two insulating sections 29 and two conductive sections 30, the lower one of which carries the drill bit 32. These insulating sections may be fabricated in any desired manner but in order to impart strength to the assembly to withstand the torque of drilling, a suitable construction for 1 these insulating sections is shown in Fig. 3. In this construction, each metal section 30 has a thinner extension 3| on its end. These thinner extensions are arranged so as to be concentric with each other and have a different diameter so that an annular space is formed between them. Insulating material is molded into place around these extensions in the manner shown so as to form a continuous inner and outer surface with the metal sections 3! to produce, in effect, an integral structure. These insulating sections have high shearing strengths, and, together with the extensions 3 l, are able to withstand the torque and other stresses imposed upon the assembly during the drilling operation.
The spring arms ZS are suiiiciently bowed so that when the electrode assembly is in the drilling stem, these arms make good f'rictionalcontact with their adjacent metal sections 30. The conductors carried by the cable being directly connected to the metal sections 24, there is provided a complete electric circuit, including the electrodes, the earth between the electrodes, the conductors, and the recorder. It will be understood that in conventional electric logging the source of power for passing current through the earth formations is included in the recorder unit. It will be apparent,'of course, that if a different source of power is required, it will be connected 40 to the commutator [3. Where it is desired only ment shown will occur to those skilled in the art.
Such modifications are embraced within the scope of the present invention in so far as they embody the principles underlying the present invention. It will be observed that the arrangement shown makes possible the transmission of electric signals between a point in the bore hole and the surface while drilling without incurring the difficulty of twisting of the transmission cable about its axis.
The nature and objects of the present invention having thus been set forth and a specific*- illustrative embodiment of the same given, what is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:
1. In an apparatus for the rotary drilling and simultaneous logging of a bore hole, a rotatable drill stem, a head on said drill stem comprising a pair of spaced hollow arms in fluid communication with the interior of said drill stem, a reel journaled in said arms with its longitudinal axis 7 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said drill stem, a cable wound on said reel, signal producing means carried by said cable, signal conducting means carried by said cable, signal receiving means mounted on said drill stem for rotation therewith and independent of said reel, signal transmitting means connecting said signal conducting means with said signal receiving means and means for taking off a signal from said conducting means.
2. An apparatus for drilling a well by the rotary method and simultaneously logging it comprising a hollow drill stem mounted for rotation, at least one electrically conductive section arranged adjacent the lower end of said drill stem and insulated therefrom, an elongated probing device having at least one conductive section, spring contacting means carried by said probing device adapted to make electrical contact between the electrically conductive section thereof and the electrically conductive section of said drill stem, a cable carryingv said probing device, at least one conductor in said cable connected to an electrically conductive section of said probing device, a reel mounted on the upper end of said drill stem for carrying said cable, said reel being mounted for rotation about its transverse axis with said drill stem and for rotation about its longitudinal axis, the longitudinal axis of said reel being disposed in perpendicular relation to the longitudinal axis of the drill pipe, at least one slip ring carried by said reel and connected to one of said conductors, at least one slip ring carried by said drill stem and rotatable therewith, an electrical connection between said reel slip ring and said drill stem slip ring and a recorder at the surface electrically connected to said drill stem slip ring.
3. An apparatus for drilling a bore hole by the rotary method and simultaneously logging it which comprises a hollow drill stem mounted for rotation, a head carried b said drill stem comprising spaced hollow arms in fluid connection with said drill stem, a swivel connection between said head and a conduit for supplying a fluid medium to said drill stem, a reel journaled in said arms with its longitudinal axis vertical to the longitudinal axis of said drill stem whereby said reel is capable of rotation about its transverse axis with said drill stem and of rotation about its longitudinal axis, means for rotating said reel about its longitudinal axis, an electrical recorder adapted'to be arranged at the surface, sliding electrical contacts between said recorder and said reel, a cable carrying an electrical conductor wound on said reel, a probing device carried by the free end of said cable, said conductor being connected to said probing device and said sliding connections, and means at the. upper end of said drill stem for passing said cable into said drill stem.
BENJAMIN W. SEWELL.
REFERENCES orrsn The following references areof record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
US691850A 1946-08-20 1946-08-20 Well logging Expired - Lifetime US2569390A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2650067A (en) * 1948-12-13 1953-08-25 Philip W Martin Apparatus for logging wells while drilling
US2741468A (en) * 1951-12-01 1956-04-10 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Bore mining apparatus with strata sensing means
US3047795A (en) * 1958-01-17 1962-07-31 Sun Oil Co Bore hole logging methods and apparatus
US3049829A (en) * 1961-09-01 1962-08-21 Fred L Clapp Power driven fishing tackle
US3162806A (en) * 1959-08-31 1964-12-22 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Bore logging apparatus including conductive housings, mechanically coupled by an electrically insulating binding agent
US3293542A (en) * 1963-03-18 1966-12-20 Phillips Petroleum Co Electrical well logging apparatus including a drill collar having spaced electrodes mounted thereon for making resistivity measurements while drilling
US3789936A (en) * 1971-11-04 1974-02-05 I Mccullough Method and apparatus for simultaneously drilling and logging
US4051456A (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-09-27 Exxon Production Research Company Apparatus for establishing and maintaining electric continuity in drill pipe
US4211376A (en) * 1979-07-20 1980-07-08 Martin Lloyd E Portable cable spooler for wells
US4226285A (en) * 1979-02-12 1980-10-07 Moseley Jr Meekie D Magnetic junk retriever
US4529939A (en) * 1983-01-10 1985-07-16 Kuckes Arthur F System located in drill string for well logging while drilling
US4578675A (en) * 1982-09-30 1986-03-25 Macleod Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus and method for logging wells while drilling
US4739325A (en) * 1982-09-30 1988-04-19 Macleod Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus and method for down-hole EM telemetry while drilling
US6064210A (en) * 1997-11-14 2000-05-16 Cedar Bluff Group Corporation Retrievable resistivity logging system for use in measurement while drilling
WO2007009246A1 (en) * 2005-07-19 2007-01-25 Tesco Corporation Wireline entry sub
US20070056722A1 (en) * 2005-07-19 2007-03-15 Tesco Corporation Wireline entry sub
US7503397B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2009-03-17 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Apparatus and methods of setting and retrieving casing with drilling latch and bottom hole assembly

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2249769A (en) * 1938-11-28 1941-07-22 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Electrical system for exploring drill holes
US2370818A (en) * 1942-07-30 1945-03-06 Stanolind Oil & Gas Co Well measurement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2249769A (en) * 1938-11-28 1941-07-22 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Electrical system for exploring drill holes
US2370818A (en) * 1942-07-30 1945-03-06 Stanolind Oil & Gas Co Well measurement

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2650067A (en) * 1948-12-13 1953-08-25 Philip W Martin Apparatus for logging wells while drilling
US2741468A (en) * 1951-12-01 1956-04-10 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Bore mining apparatus with strata sensing means
US3047795A (en) * 1958-01-17 1962-07-31 Sun Oil Co Bore hole logging methods and apparatus
US3162806A (en) * 1959-08-31 1964-12-22 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Bore logging apparatus including conductive housings, mechanically coupled by an electrically insulating binding agent
US3049829A (en) * 1961-09-01 1962-08-21 Fred L Clapp Power driven fishing tackle
US3293542A (en) * 1963-03-18 1966-12-20 Phillips Petroleum Co Electrical well logging apparatus including a drill collar having spaced electrodes mounted thereon for making resistivity measurements while drilling
US3789936A (en) * 1971-11-04 1974-02-05 I Mccullough Method and apparatus for simultaneously drilling and logging
US4051456A (en) * 1975-12-08 1977-09-27 Exxon Production Research Company Apparatus for establishing and maintaining electric continuity in drill pipe
US4226285A (en) * 1979-02-12 1980-10-07 Moseley Jr Meekie D Magnetic junk retriever
US4211376A (en) * 1979-07-20 1980-07-08 Martin Lloyd E Portable cable spooler for wells
US4739325A (en) * 1982-09-30 1988-04-19 Macleod Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus and method for down-hole EM telemetry while drilling
US4578675A (en) * 1982-09-30 1986-03-25 Macleod Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus and method for logging wells while drilling
US4529939A (en) * 1983-01-10 1985-07-16 Kuckes Arthur F System located in drill string for well logging while drilling
US6064210A (en) * 1997-11-14 2000-05-16 Cedar Bluff Group Corporation Retrievable resistivity logging system for use in measurement while drilling
WO2000041006A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2000-07-13 Cbg Corporation Retrievable resistivity tool for measurement while drilling
GB2353596A (en) * 1997-11-14 2001-02-28 Cedar Bluff Group Corp Retrievable resistivity tool for measurement while drilling
GB2353596B (en) * 1997-11-14 2003-02-12 Cedar Bluff Group Corp Directional resistivity tool for measurement while drilling
US7503397B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2009-03-17 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Apparatus and methods of setting and retrieving casing with drilling latch and bottom hole assembly
WO2007009246A1 (en) * 2005-07-19 2007-01-25 Tesco Corporation Wireline entry sub
US20070056722A1 (en) * 2005-07-19 2007-03-15 Tesco Corporation Wireline entry sub
US20080230216A1 (en) * 2005-07-19 2008-09-25 Tesco Corporation Wireline Entry Sub
US7575061B2 (en) * 2005-07-19 2009-08-18 Tesco Corporation Wireline entry sub and method of using
US7721798B2 (en) 2005-07-19 2010-05-25 Tesco Corporation Wireline entry sub

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