US2659935A - Method of making compressed sponges - Google Patents

Method of making compressed sponges Download PDF

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US2659935A
US2659935A US150418A US15041850A US2659935A US 2659935 A US2659935 A US 2659935A US 150418 A US150418 A US 150418A US 15041850 A US15041850 A US 15041850A US 2659935 A US2659935 A US 2659935A
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sponge
compressed
sponges
making
water
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US150418A
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Hammon Henry George
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/36—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of making a compressed Sponge particularly such a sponge comprising polyvinyl formal and in which from 35 to 80% oi the hydroxyl groups of the alcohol have been reacted.
  • the sponge preferably contains not more than about 2 or 3% water.
  • the preferred pressure is at least 100 pounds per square inch, although pressures up to 1,000 pounds per square inch or more may be employed. This pressure is applied until the sponge has been reduced to a thickness of preferably not less than about Il.; its
  • the Sponges are compressed to about yf, their normal thickness.
  • the Sponges are compressed preferably at ordinary room temperatures as an excessive temperature causes the Sponges to assume a permanent Set so that they will not recover fully when wet.
  • the temperature at which the dry Sponges attain a permanent Set is considerably above normal atmospheric temperatures.
  • Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a typical press in open position with a dry polyvinyl formal Sponge arranged therein;
  • Fig. 2 is a View similar to Fig. 1, but showing the Sponge compressed; and
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the compressed sponge.
  • a press having a lower platen I0 and an upper platen or ram Il. Arranged between these platens is a poly- Vinyl formal Sponge l2 that has been dried preferably until it contains not more than about 3% water.
  • -Pressure is applied to the platen l l to compress the dried sponge until it has, for example, the approximate relative thickness shown in Fig. 2.
  • the compressed sponge When the compressed sponge is removed from the press, it retains its compressed shape, as shown in Fig. 3, until it has been thoroughly wet with water and at which time it immediately eX- pands until it is Slightly larger than the sponge shown in Fig. 1.
  • the wet sponge is slightly larger than when it is dry as the drying step itself causes a Slight shrinkage in the sponge.
  • the method illustrated in the drawings shows the sponge being compressed through its smallest dimension, it is believed obvious that the Sponge could be compressed through any one or more directions. Therefore, when in the Specification and claims the Sponge is said to be reduced in thickness, this is intended to include not only the smallest dimension, but also the largest dimension or any other dimension. Thus, the sponge could be compressed longitudinally of its major axis, laterally of its major axis or in other desired direction.
  • the method of making a compressed sponge which comprises providing a polyvii'iylV formal sponge having interconnected pores throughout, prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and having from 35 to 80% of the hydroxyl groupsof-thealcohol reacted, said sponge containing not more Vthan about 3% Water, and compressing said sponge under a pressure sufcientito.reducefmaterially the bulk of said sponge, saidspongebeing maintained during the compressing step at a tempera; ture lessI than that at which thesponge assumes a permanent set.
  • the method of making a compressed sponge which comprises providing a polyvinyl formal sponge having interconnected pores throughout, prepared from polyvinyl alcohol containing tsub-- stantially-no residual hydrolyzablegroups and having from 35 to 80% of the hydroxyl groups of the alcohol reacted, said sponge containing not more than about 3% water, and compressing said sponge under a pressure of at least 100 pounds per square inch until the sponge has a thickness of not less than about one-tenth of its 'original thickness, said spor'ige beingmaintained at lsubs'tar'itially"atmospheric temperature during the compressing step.

Description

NOV. 24, 1953 G, HAMMON 2,659,935
METHOD OF MAKING COMPRESSED SPONGES Filed March 18, 1950 Patented Nov. 24, 1953 METHOD E MAKING COMPRESSE!) sPoNGES Henry George Hammon, Stevensville, Mich., as-
signor, by mesne assignments, to Christopher L. Wilson, Columbus, Ohio Y Application March 18, 1950, Serial No. 150,418
2 Claims.
This invention relates to a method of making a compressed Sponge particularly such a sponge comprising polyvinyl formal and in which from 35 to 80% oi the hydroxyl groups of the alcohol have been reacted.
In the copending application of Christopher L.
Wilson, Serial No. 29,657, iiled May 27, 1948, now
Y Patent No. 2,609,347 which is a continuation-inpart of application Serial No. 769,537, led August 19, 194.7, now abandoned, there iS described and claimed a polyvinyl formal sponge which may be used as an ordinary sponge or may be cut in thin sheets to make a synthetic wash cloth, chamois skin and the like. These Sponges, as described in the Wilson application, are tough and tear resistant and are resistant to the action of most ordinary chemicals with which they might come in contact. The Sponges have interconnected pores so that they are capable of absorbing and holding a large quantity of water or other liquid.
When the Sponges of the above copending application are dry, they are very hard and resistant to deformation. However, when they are wet, they become quite soft and resilient and can be handled as ordinary Sponges.
'When the Sponges are sold in their normal size and shape they occupy a considerable space so that relatively few Sponges can be packaged in an ordinary shipping container. The large space ocdried until they are hard throughout and dry to the touch. The sponge preferably contains not more than about 2 or 3% water. When the dry Sponge is compressed at a pressure suiiicient to reduce materially the bulk of the sponge, the compressed sponge retains its shape when the pressure is removed and does not resume its original shape until it is wet with water. The preferred pressure is at least 100 pounds per square inch, although pressures up to 1,000 pounds per square inch or more may be employed. This pressure is applied until the sponge has been reduced to a thickness of preferably not less than about Il.; its
normal thickness. In actual practice, the Sponges are compressed to about yf, their normal thickness. The Sponges are compressed preferably at ordinary room temperatures as an excessive temperature causes the Sponges to assume a permanent Set so that they will not recover fully when wet. The temperature at which the dry Sponges attain a permanent Set is considerably above normal atmospheric temperatures.
One of the features of this invention is the method of making a compressed polyvinyl formal sponge so that when the pressure is removed the Sponge will maintain its reduced thickness until the Sponge has been wet with Water; another feature of the invention is the compressed Sponge produced by this method. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings. Of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a typical press in open position with a dry polyvinyl formal Sponge arranged therein; Fig. 2 is a View similar to Fig. 1, but showing the Sponge compressed; and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the compressed sponge.
In the drawings there is illustrated a press having a lower platen I0 and an upper platen or ram Il. Arranged between these platens is a poly- Vinyl formal Sponge l2 that has been dried preferably until it contains not more than about 3% water. -Pressure is applied to the platen l l to compress the dried sponge until it has, for example, the approximate relative thickness shown in Fig. 2. When the compressed sponge is removed from the press, it retains its compressed shape, as shown in Fig. 3, until it has been thoroughly wet with water and at which time it immediately eX- pands until it is Slightly larger than the sponge shown in Fig. 1. The wet sponge is slightly larger than when it is dry as the drying step itself causes a Slight shrinkage in the sponge.
Although the method illustrated in the drawings shows the sponge being compressed through its smallest dimension, it is believed obvious that the Sponge could be compressed through any one or more directions. Therefore, when in the Specification and claims the Sponge is said to be reduced in thickness, this is intended to include not only the smallest dimension, but also the largest dimension or any other dimension. Thus, the sponge could be compressed longitudinally of its major axis, laterally of its major axis or in other desired direction.
Having described my invention as related to various embodiments of the Same, it is my inten- 3 tion that the invention be not limited by any of the details of description unless otherwise specified, but rather be construed broadly Within its spirit and -scope as set out in the accompanying claims.
I claim:
1. The method of making a compressed sponge which comprises providing a polyvii'iylV formal sponge having interconnected pores throughout, prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and having from 35 to 80% of the hydroxyl groupsof-thealcohol reacted, said sponge containing not more Vthan about 3% Water, and compressing said sponge under a pressure sufcientito.reducefmaterially the bulk of said sponge, saidspongebeing maintained during the compressing step at a tempera; ture lessI than that at which thesponge assumes a permanent set.
2. The method of making a compressed sponge which comprises providing a polyvinyl formal sponge having interconnected pores throughout, prepared from polyvinyl alcohol containing tsub-- stantially-no residual hydrolyzablegroups and having from 35 to 80% of the hydroxyl groups of the alcohol reacted, said sponge containing not more than about 3% water, and compressing said sponge under a pressure of at least 100 pounds per square inch until the sponge has a thickness of not less than about one-tenth of its 'original thickness, said spor'ige beingmaintained at lsubs'tar'itially"atmospheric temperature during the compressing step.

Claims (1)

1. THE METHOD OF MAKING A COMPRESSED SPONGE WHICH COMPRISES PROVIDING A POLYVINYL FORMAL SPONGE HAVING INTERCONNECTED PORES THROUGHOUT, PREPARED FROM POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AND HAVING FROM 35 TO 80% OF THE HYDROXYL GROUPS OF THE ALCOHOL REACTED, SAID SPONGE CONTAINING NOT MORE THAN ABOUT 3% WATER, AND COMPRESSING SAID SPONGE UNDER A PRESSURE SUFFICIENT TO REDUCE MATERIALLY THE BULK OF SAID SPONGE, SAID SPONGE BEING MAINTAINED DURING THE COMPRESSING STEP AT A TEMPERATURE LESS THAN THAT AT WHICH THE SPONGE ASSUMES A PERMANENT SET.
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Cited By (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2761141A (en) * 1951-08-28 1956-08-28 Malcolm W P Strandberg Continuously varying dielectric constant electromagnetic lens
US2858830A (en) * 1956-10-01 1958-11-04 Frank C Lowe Surgical dressing
US2865283A (en) * 1955-03-30 1958-12-23 Lewis J Stoffer Method of forming dry compressed compact sponge unit
US2899708A (en) * 1959-08-18 Modification and control of plastic
US2933767A (en) * 1953-09-23 1960-04-26 Cogepa Ets Improved method of post compressing a carbamide resin foam
US3000464A (en) * 1957-09-18 1961-09-19 Bolt Beranek & Newman Acoustic absorber
US3045286A (en) * 1959-08-26 1962-07-24 Crown Machine & Tool Company Method of making dispensable cups
US3101242A (en) * 1961-02-01 1963-08-20 V L Smithers Mfg Company Process of making flexible absorbent material
US3189669A (en) * 1962-11-01 1965-06-15 Goldfein Solomon Process for shipping flexible polyurethane foam
US3196197A (en) * 1962-11-01 1965-07-20 Goldfein Solomon Process for shipping rigid polyurethane foam
US3246059A (en) * 1961-09-01 1966-04-12 Collo Rheincollodium Koln G M Process for the preparation of form pressed parts of light specific gravity from foamed synthetic plastics
US3282415A (en) * 1964-06-01 1966-11-01 Gen Foam Corp Expanded cellular products
US3342922A (en) * 1963-10-09 1967-09-19 Dow Chemical Co Method of preparing re-expandable foam
US3344221A (en) * 1963-08-16 1967-09-26 Du Pont Method for inflating or deflating closed cell foams
US3381077A (en) * 1966-01-26 1968-04-30 Du Pont Method for inflating closed cell foams
US3426888A (en) * 1967-05-22 1969-02-11 Rainbow Crafts Inc Coloring set
US3906137A (en) * 1971-03-25 1975-09-16 Roehm Gmbh Laminate having a compressed foam core
US4066488A (en) * 1976-04-09 1978-01-03 Lehr Alfred Von Der Process for the joining (bonding) of lines (strips)
US4180073A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-12-25 Alza Corporation Device for delivering drug to biological environment
US4203442A (en) * 1977-08-29 1980-05-20 Alza Corporation Device for delivering drug to a fluid environment
US4529569A (en) * 1983-09-29 1985-07-16 Margaret Palau Method of manufacturing an expandable spongy member
US4672707A (en) * 1981-10-13 1987-06-16 Johnson Arnold W Washing device
US4890485A (en) * 1986-12-15 1990-01-02 Hsu Charles J Mechanism which reacts to the presence of oil and/or water
US5042227A (en) * 1989-12-15 1991-08-27 659897 Ontario Limited Method & apparatus for compression packaging
US5567612A (en) * 1986-11-20 1996-10-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Genitourinary cell-matrix structure for implantation into a human and a method of making
US5709854A (en) * 1993-04-30 1998-01-20 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Tissue formation by injecting a cell-polymeric solution that gels in vivo
US5716404A (en) * 1994-12-16 1998-02-10 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Breast tissue engineering
US5741685A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-04-21 Children's Medical Center Corporation Parenchymal cells packaged in immunoprotective tissue for implantation
US5770417A (en) * 1986-11-20 1998-06-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Children's Medical Center Corporation Three-dimensional fibrous scaffold containing attached cells for producing vascularized tissue in vivo
US5804178A (en) * 1986-11-20 1998-09-08 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Implantation of cell-matrix structure adjacent mesentery, omentum or peritoneum tissue
US5843060A (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-12-01 Xomed Surgical Products, Inc. Non-adherent nasal, sinus and otic packing and method for processing sponge materials in fabrication of packings
US5851833A (en) * 1991-10-24 1998-12-22 Children's Medical Center Corp. Neomorphogenesis of urological structures in vivo from cell culture
US6045741A (en) * 1996-07-10 2000-04-04 Bridgestone Corporation Preparation of flexible polyurethane foam
US6129761A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-10-10 Reprogenesis, Inc. Injectable hydrogel compositions
US6212725B1 (en) * 1998-09-29 2001-04-10 Aqua Products Inc. Segmented brush assembly for power driven pool cleaner
US6224630B1 (en) 1998-05-29 2001-05-01 Advanced Bio Surfaces, Inc. Implantable tissue repair device
US6281015B1 (en) 1994-12-16 2001-08-28 Children's Medical Center Corp. Localized delivery of factors enhancing survival of transplanted cells
US6309635B1 (en) 1986-11-20 2001-10-30 Children's Medical Center Corp. Seeding parenchymal cells into compression resistant porous scaffold after vascularizing in vivo
WO2002009920A1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2002-02-07 The Soundcoat Company, Inc. Method of conditioning foam materials by compression
US6348069B1 (en) 1995-05-19 2002-02-19 Children's Medical Center Corporation Engineering of strong, pliable tissues
WO2004087862A2 (en) 2003-04-01 2004-10-14 Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Tak1-mediated inhibition of osteogenesis
US6840962B1 (en) 1995-05-01 2005-01-11 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Tissue engineered tendons and ligaments
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US7044957B2 (en) 1994-09-16 2006-05-16 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Devices for defining and marking tissue
US7189235B2 (en) 1999-10-20 2007-03-13 Anulex Technologies, Inc. Spinal disc annulus reconstruction method and spinal disc annulus stent
US20070220829A1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2007-09-27 Li Chun W Packaged product and method of manufacture
US20070245692A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-10-25 Abbott Michael D System and method for compactly packaging apparel
US20070271716A1 (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Donald Spector Compressed Articles
US20080006962A1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2008-01-10 Ya-Ming Yau Method for manufacturing environmental protection sponge
US20080039890A1 (en) * 2006-01-30 2008-02-14 Surgica Corporation Porous intravascular embolization particles and related methods
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US7615076B2 (en) 1999-10-20 2009-11-10 Anulex Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for the treatment of the intervertebral disc annulus
US7668582B2 (en) 1998-12-24 2010-02-23 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Biopsy site marker
US7828850B2 (en) 1999-10-20 2010-11-09 Anulex Technologies, Inc. Methods and devices for spinal disc annulus reconstruction and repair
US7922768B2 (en) 1999-10-20 2011-04-12 Anulex Technologies, Inc. Spinal disc annulus reconstruction method and deformable spinal disc annulus stent
US7935147B2 (en) 1999-10-20 2011-05-03 Anulex Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for enhanced delivery of treatment device to the intervertebral disc annulus
US7951201B2 (en) 1999-10-20 2011-05-31 Anulex Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for the treatment of the intervertebral disc annulus
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US8454697B2 (en) 2008-10-14 2013-06-04 Anulex Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for the treatment of tissue
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Cited By (106)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899708A (en) * 1959-08-18 Modification and control of plastic
US2761141A (en) * 1951-08-28 1956-08-28 Malcolm W P Strandberg Continuously varying dielectric constant electromagnetic lens
US2933767A (en) * 1953-09-23 1960-04-26 Cogepa Ets Improved method of post compressing a carbamide resin foam
US2865283A (en) * 1955-03-30 1958-12-23 Lewis J Stoffer Method of forming dry compressed compact sponge unit
US2858830A (en) * 1956-10-01 1958-11-04 Frank C Lowe Surgical dressing
US3000464A (en) * 1957-09-18 1961-09-19 Bolt Beranek & Newman Acoustic absorber
US3045286A (en) * 1959-08-26 1962-07-24 Crown Machine & Tool Company Method of making dispensable cups
US3101242A (en) * 1961-02-01 1963-08-20 V L Smithers Mfg Company Process of making flexible absorbent material
US3246059A (en) * 1961-09-01 1966-04-12 Collo Rheincollodium Koln G M Process for the preparation of form pressed parts of light specific gravity from foamed synthetic plastics
US3189669A (en) * 1962-11-01 1965-06-15 Goldfein Solomon Process for shipping flexible polyurethane foam
US3196197A (en) * 1962-11-01 1965-07-20 Goldfein Solomon Process for shipping rigid polyurethane foam
US3344221A (en) * 1963-08-16 1967-09-26 Du Pont Method for inflating or deflating closed cell foams
US3342922A (en) * 1963-10-09 1967-09-19 Dow Chemical Co Method of preparing re-expandable foam
US3282415A (en) * 1964-06-01 1966-11-01 Gen Foam Corp Expanded cellular products
US3381077A (en) * 1966-01-26 1968-04-30 Du Pont Method for inflating closed cell foams
US3426888A (en) * 1967-05-22 1969-02-11 Rainbow Crafts Inc Coloring set
US3906137A (en) * 1971-03-25 1975-09-16 Roehm Gmbh Laminate having a compressed foam core
US4066488A (en) * 1976-04-09 1978-01-03 Lehr Alfred Von Der Process for the joining (bonding) of lines (strips)
US4180073A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-12-25 Alza Corporation Device for delivering drug to biological environment
US4203442A (en) * 1977-08-29 1980-05-20 Alza Corporation Device for delivering drug to a fluid environment
US4672707A (en) * 1981-10-13 1987-06-16 Johnson Arnold W Washing device
US4529569A (en) * 1983-09-29 1985-07-16 Margaret Palau Method of manufacturing an expandable spongy member
US5567612A (en) * 1986-11-20 1996-10-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Genitourinary cell-matrix structure for implantation into a human and a method of making
US5770417A (en) * 1986-11-20 1998-06-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Children's Medical Center Corporation Three-dimensional fibrous scaffold containing attached cells for producing vascularized tissue in vivo
US6309635B1 (en) 1986-11-20 2001-10-30 Children's Medical Center Corp. Seeding parenchymal cells into compression resistant porous scaffold after vascularizing in vivo
US5804178A (en) * 1986-11-20 1998-09-08 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Implantation of cell-matrix structure adjacent mesentery, omentum or peritoneum tissue
US4890485A (en) * 1986-12-15 1990-01-02 Hsu Charles J Mechanism which reacts to the presence of oil and/or water
US5042227A (en) * 1989-12-15 1991-08-27 659897 Ontario Limited Method & apparatus for compression packaging
US5851833A (en) * 1991-10-24 1998-12-22 Children's Medical Center Corp. Neomorphogenesis of urological structures in vivo from cell culture
US5709854A (en) * 1993-04-30 1998-01-20 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Tissue formation by injecting a cell-polymeric solution that gels in vivo
US20040170612A1 (en) * 1993-04-30 2004-09-02 Griffith Linda G. Injectable polysaccharide-cell compositions
US7807150B2 (en) 1993-04-30 2010-10-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Injectable composition containing crosslinkable material and cells for forming animal tissue
US7625397B2 (en) 1994-09-16 2009-12-01 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Methods for defining and marking tissue
US7044957B2 (en) 1994-09-16 2006-05-16 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Devices for defining and marking tissue
US7229417B2 (en) 1994-09-16 2007-06-12 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Methods for marking a biopsy site
US8277391B2 (en) 1994-09-16 2012-10-02 Devicor Medical Products, Inc. Methods and devices for defining and marking tissue
US6281015B1 (en) 1994-12-16 2001-08-28 Children's Medical Center Corp. Localized delivery of factors enhancing survival of transplanted cells
US5716404A (en) * 1994-12-16 1998-02-10 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Breast tissue engineering
US20070005139A1 (en) * 1995-05-01 2007-01-04 Vacanti Charles A Tissue engineered tendons and ligaments
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