US2737177A - Life-restoring apparatus - Google Patents

Description

March 6, 1956 J. ANKLIN LIFE-RESTORING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 26, 1952 March 6, 1956 J. ANKLIN 2,737,177 I LIFE-RESTORING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 26, 1952 s Sheets-Sheet 2 March 6, 1956 J. ANK LIN LIFE-RESTORING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 26, 1952 Jose 9 1 h h// r; B WWv M I HHQFMGYS.

United States Patent LIFE-RESTORING APPARATUS Joseph Anklin, Basel, Switzerland, assiguor to Laubscher & Co. A. G., Basel, Switzerland, a Swiss company Application August 26, 1952, Serial No. 396,317

Claims priority, application Switzerland August 28, 1951 Claims. (Cl. 128-29) The present invention concerns a life-restoring apparatus which can be operated by hand for providing artificial respiration to a casualty (e. g. by drowning, gaspoisoning etc.) with a cylindrical bellows having an inlet and outlet valve, and a mask connected therewith, to be placed over the face of the patient. Previously-known apparatus of this kind is so constructed, that it functions as a pressure pump, by means of which fresh air is pumped into the lungs of the patient in the normal rhythm of breathing. The emptying of the lungs follows through the inherent elasticity of the thorax muscles. This collapse of the thorax however produces at a maximum 50% expiration and is very dependent on the constitution of the patient (fat, thin, old, young). In order to bring about the most effective revival possible, it is of great importance, that the revival commences with the act of exhalation, because in that way not only will there be the quickest possible emptying of the lungs, but because by the repeated drawing in with the apparatus without the application of fresh air the Hering-Breauers breathing reflex is very rapidly achieved. This vago-phrenicusreflex, released in the maximum expiration position of the diaphragm, is the best stimulant for restarting the independent breathing of the patient. Furthermore by the subsequent alternate inhalation and exhalation the complete lung-content is changed. This complete aeration of the lungs prevents the movement in and out of the same quantity of air between the apparatus and lungs which has previously often been noted and through which in time there arises an accumulation of carbon dioxide.

It is now an object of the invention, to achieve this result. According to the invention the bellows of the apparatus is divided by a dividing wall, into two compartments, which are provided with communicating channels arranged concentrically, the inner of which connects the compartment remote from the mask and the outer of which connects the other compartment with the said mask, check-valves being so disposed in the channels that by means of the alternate suction and expulsion of the bellows these valves function alternately and the bellows compartment in communication with the outer channel acts as a suction chamber whilst the other bellows compartment acts as a pressure chamber, so that the breathing organs of the patient can be both pumped out and supplied with fresh air.

In the accompanying drawing an embodiment by way of example of this invention is shown.

Fig. 1 is an elevation view of the life-restoring apparatus with a part shown in section;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1;

Figs. 3 and 4 show on an enlarged scale, a part of the apparatus at two different positions of operation.

The life-restoring apparatus according to Figs. 1 to 4 has a cylindrical bellows 10, whose compartment is closed by two end discs 11 and 12. The end disc 11 is provided with a handle 11a. In the central section of the bellows a dividing wall 14 is provided which divides it into an upper and a lower bellows compartment 10a or 10b.

The wall 14 has a central connecting piece 14a. In the end disc 11, an inlet valve 15, a pressure relief valve 16 and an opening 18 which can be closed by means of a hand-operated slide 17 are provided. 19 indicates a connection fitting in communication with the bellows compartment 10a, through which if desired oxygen can be supplied to the said bellows compartment 10a. The end disc 12 has a tube-like projection 12a, to which is fitted by means of a cap nut 20 a valve device, shown in full at 21 in Figs. 3 and 4, to which is connected a funnel shaped mask 22, to be placed over the face of the patient. The end disc 12 is furthermore provided with an outlet valve 31.

The valve device 21 has two tubular bodies 23 and 24, which are maintained concentrically to each other by means of two apertured spacer rings 25. The outer tubular body 23 has an external flange, by which it is fitted to the tube-like extension 12a by means of the nut 21). The tubular body 24 is connected at its end facing the bellows 10 to the connecting piece 14a of the dividing wall 14 by means of a bellows tube 26. The tubular body 23, on the other hand, is in slideable engagement with a guide sleeve 27 and can be pushed to and from therein. In the lower end piece of this guide bearing 27 where it narrows a connecting pipe 28 is mounted which opens into the narrow part of the funnel-like mask 22, which is provided at its upper end with a flat sealing ring washer 28a. This sealing ring washer forms a check-valve together with the two tubular bodies 23 and 24. A valve stem 29 extending upward is fitted in the connecting pipe 28 by means of a crossbar 28b which stem, at its upper end, supports a valve disc 29a, which cooperates with the valve-seating 240 formed in the upper end section of the tubular body 24. A tension spring 30 is fitted to the valve stem 29 and is anchored at its lower end to the valve stem and at its upper end to the tubular body 24. This spring serves to keep the check valve formed by the valve-disc 29a and the valve seating 240 in an open position.

When using the above described life-restoring apparatus the mask 22 is placed over the face of the patient who is preferably in a prone position and it is fixed to the head of the patient by means of a strap hooked over a hook 22a. The opening 18 which can be closed by the hand-operated slide 17 is first opened and in consequence the upper bellows compartment 10a is made inefiective. Upon drawing up the bellows 10 (Fig. 3) the tubular bodies 23 and 24 forming the movable part of the said check-valve are raised against the action of the spring 30 from the sealing-ring washer 28a forming the valveseating. At the same time the valve-seating 24c is pressed against the valve-disc 29a. In consequence the harmful contents of the respiratory organs of the patient are sucked into the lower bellows compartment 10b through the mask 22 and through the annular channel 25b formed by the two tubular bodies 23 and 24. This bellows compartment therefore functions as a suction chamber, through whose action the respiratory organs of the patient are pumped out. The way leading through the tubular body 24 to the upper bellows compartment 10a is thus blocked by the check-valve 240, 29a which is in a closed position. Upon depressing the bellows 10 (Fig. 4) the check- valve 23, 24, 23a is now closed and the contents of the lower bellows compartment is ejected through the outlet valve 31 into the atmosphere. After a few strokes, i. e. as soon as the respiratory organs are sufiiciently pumped out, the opening 18 is closed. Upon drawing up the bellows 10 fresh air is now sucked through the inlet valve 15 into the upper bellows compartment. In this way the path from the upper bellows compartment 10a through the tube 26 and the tubular body 24 is blocked by the check-valve 24c and 29a. If the bellows 3 10 is now depressed, then this fresh air is driven through the channel 24b formed by the tubular body 24 from the upper bellows compartment 19a through the mask into the respiratory organs of the patient. The relief-pressure valve 16 limits the pressure at which the fresh air is supplied to the patient, to protect his lungs from the danger of an excessive pressure. If desired the fresh air can be enriched with oxygen via the connection fitting 19. The upper bellows compartment thus acts as a pressure chamber, through whose action fresh air can be pumped into the respiratory organs of the patient. The above described life-restoring apparatus thus combines a suction and a pressure pump, to which two check-valves are fitted working alternately during the drawing out and compression of the bellows, so that the two pumps on their part function alternately and the patients respiratory organs can in consequence be pumped out as well as being supplied with fresh air.

What I claim is:

1. A manually operable life-restoring apparatus for giving artificial respiration to a casualty, comprising a cylindrical bellows having end discs closing each end, a dividing wall having an aperture therein dividing said bellows into two compartments, said end disc closing one of said compartment having an inlet valve and a pressure relief valve, the end disc closing the other of said compartments having an outlet valve and a tubular extension thereon, an outer tubular body on the end of said tubular extension, a guide sleeve slidably engaging the outside of said outer tubular body, a connecting pipe on the end of said guide sleeve, a mask adapted to fit over the face of the casualty connected to said connecting pipe, an inner tubular body within said outer tubular body, a bellows tube connecting said inner tubular body with the compartment remote from said mask through the aperture in said dividing wall, a check valve between said inner tubular body and said bellows tube and a check valve between said outer tubular body and said connecting pipe, said check valves functioning alternatively upon drawing out and compressing the bellows, said bellows compartment connected to said outer tubular member through said tubular extension serving in operation as a suction chamber and said other bellows compartment serving as a pressure chamber, whereby the respiratory organs of a casualty can be pumped out and supplied with fresh air.

2. A manually operable life-restoring apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which said end disc having an inlet valve and a pressure relief valve has an aperture therein, and a manually operable slide to open and close said aperture, whereby the bellows compartment closed by said end disc may be put out of action during operation.

3. A manually operable life-restoring apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the check valve between said outer tubular body and said connecting pipe comprises a sealing member on said connecting pipe and a valve seat on the end of said outer tubular body and the end of said inner tubular body adjacent thereto, whereby the passage between the inner and outer tubular bodies is ealcd on: from said connecting pipe when said bellows is compressed.

4. A manually operable life-restoring apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the check valve between said inner tubular body and said bellows tube comprises a valve stem fitted in said connecting pipe and extending through said inner tubular body, a sealing member on the end of said valve stem adjacent said bellows tube, and a valve seat on the end of said inner tubular body adjacent said bellows tube, whereby said bellows tube is sealed off from said inner tubular body when the bellows is extended.

5. A manually operable life-restoring apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which said check valve between said inner tubular body and said bellows tube has a coiled spring within said inner tubular body, one end of said spring being attached to the inner tubular body adjacent said check valve and the other end of said spring being attached to said valve stem adjacent said connecting pipe.

References {Iited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

Images