US2743511A - Scouring pad and filament - Google Patents

Scouring pad and filament Download PDF

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Publication number
US2743511A
US2743511A US318884A US31888452A US2743511A US 2743511 A US2743511 A US 2743511A US 318884 A US318884 A US 318884A US 31888452 A US31888452 A US 31888452A US 2743511 A US2743511 A US 2743511A
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Prior art keywords
monofilament
filament
scouring pad
polyedged
present
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US318884A
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Anthony L Genovese
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NAT PLASTIC PRODUCTS Co
NATIONAL PLASTIC PRODUCTS Co
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NAT PLASTIC PRODUCTS Co
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Priority to US318884A priority Critical patent/US2743511A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section

Definitions

  • the present invention relates'to artificial filaments and pads and textiles made therefrom, and morefpa'r'ti'c'ularly relates to hot meltextruded synthetic In'onofi'lamen'ts of polyedged form, and pads and textiles made therefrom,
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an extruded artificial monofilament that is twisted to simulate a plurality of filaments.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a scouring pad that is fabricated from the artificial filament embodied in the present invention.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a fabric that is fabricated from the artificial filament embodied in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the apparatus utilized in the process employed in' the manufacture of the polyedgedmonofilament embodied in the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is an elevational magnified view of apolyedged monofilament embodied in the present invention having an outer diameter of approximately .012 to .015 inch;
  • Fig. 3 is a section taken along the line 33 of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is an elevational magnified View of a twisted polyedged monofilament having an outer diameter of approximately .012 to .015 inch;
  • Fig. 5 is a section taken along the line 55 of Fig. 4.
  • Fig.6 is a view in elevation of a scouring pad in accordancewith the invention.
  • the artificial monofilament embodied in the present invention is formed from a thermoplastic. material, such as ethyl-cellulose, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate or the vinyl compounds.
  • the preferred material employed in the process described herein is a copolymer-of Vinyl-vinylidene chloride which is more commonly known in the field as saran.
  • the physical properties of saran are particularly adaptable for use in the-endproducts to which the present invention is applied, one of which is a scouting pad such as utilized for cleansing purposes.
  • Saran is highly abrasion re-' sistant, non-corrosive, inert, sanitary, non-toxic, tough,- strong, 'and -non hygroscopic and can be extruded intoany desired shape'or formby the hot meltextrusion process.
  • the apparatus employed in-theprocess of producing-the monofilament embodied in the present invention includes an extru'der ll), a hopper 12 and a die '14.
  • Pigmented, stabilized, and plasticized thermoplastic material preferably a copoly-mer of vinylvinylidene chloride
  • the extruder 1-0 which includes a rotating screw, forces the material through a heated cylinder 'C' and through the die "14, from which'is extruded a monofilament.
  • the monofilament is cooled in a bath l6gand then may be oriented on apparatus (not shown) before it is wound on a package 18;
  • Themonofilament 20 comprises a longitudinally extendingbody portion 22'which has integrally formed therewith a plurality of fins
  • the fins Zd also extend longitudinally-and, as shown in Fig. '3, extend'outwar dly from the body portion 22 to form fluted sections therewith.
  • each of the'fins 24 is sharply defined and thereby forms with adjacent fins and the body portion 22 a construction that can be utilized for a variety of purposes. If a scouring pad, such as used in dishwashing, is fabricated from the polyedged monofilament 20, it is apparent that the sharp edges formed by the fins 24 are ideal in performing the ditficult cleansing task ordinarily associated with a scouring pad. It is contemplated that the polyedged monofilament illustrated in Figs.
  • this highly textured fabric can be made simply of a monofilament and be of the simplest weave so that its production can be rapid and economical.
  • the appearance of this simply woven but unique fabric will be that of a three-dimensional construction simulating many filaments. It is furthermore contemplated to construct the polyedged monofilament in a more rigid formation, whereby other articles, such as artificial bristles, can be manufactured.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 the variation of the polyedged monofilament mentioned above is illustrated and comprises a twisted set monofilament indicated generally at 30.
  • the twisted monofilament 30 is formed with substantially the identical cross-section as the monofilament 20 illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 but is twisted and set, giving the effect of a plurality of filaments and thereby adding body to the general construction of the monofilament. It is apparent that the twisted polyedged monofilament 30 is adaptable for use in the fabrication of a scouring pad, such as is illustrated, for example, in Figure 6, and also for use in a variety of other articles and fabrics.
  • the monofilaments described hereinabove have included those formed with fluted cross-sections; however, it is also contemplated to form a polyedged monofilament having a square cross-section or a cross-section having straight edges.
  • the monofilaments produced by the hot melt extrusion process described hereinabove have formed thereon the sharp edges that are necessary in the fabrication of an article such as a scouring pad.
  • the hot melt extrusion process is particularly applicable for producing the sharply defined edges and can be adapted to produce a monofilament having any number of edges as required.
  • a filament formed from a thermoplastic material comprising a body portion and at least three continuously and longitudinally extending fins integrally joined to said body portion, each of said fins including at least two sharp edges defining abrasive means.
  • a filament formed from a thermoplastic material comprising a body portion and at least three continuously and longitudinally extending fins integrally joined to said body portion, said fins including at least two sharp edges defining abrasive means, and said filament being twisted to simulate a plurality of filaments wound together.
  • thermoplastic material is formed from a copolymer of vinyl and vinylidene chlorides.
  • a scouring pad comprising a mass of thermoplastic fibers, each of said fibers having a body portion and at least three longitudinally and continuously extending fins formed integral with said body portion, said fins being defined by edges formed with sharp corners suitable for abrasive purposes wherein each of said fibers is twisted to simulate a plurality of filaments Wound together.

Description

May 1, 1956 Filed Nov. 5, 1952 A. 1.. GENOVESE 2,743,511
SCOURING PAD AND FILAMENT 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY May 1, 1956 Filed Nov. 5, 1952 A. L. GENOVESE 2,743,511
SCOURING PAD AND FILAMENT 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR m wm BY fl zk i Locx s ATTORNEY United States P tent The present invention relates'to artificial filaments and pads and textiles made therefrom, and morefpa'r'ti'c'ularly relates to hot meltextruded synthetic In'onofi'lamen'ts of polyedged form, and pads and textiles made therefrom,
Prior to the instant invention, themanufacture of artificial mo'iiofilaffients has been carried out primarily by the solvent spii-ii'iing-process. The solvent spinning process produces a monofilament by spinning a :suitable material in'solution through an orifice and into aiprecipirating or coagulating bath. Mon'ofila'rnents produced by thesolvent-precipitating spinning process have been found satisfactory for certain uses, such-as artificial silk and fabrics; various types of bristles and some forms: of artificial hair. However, these heretoforez known artificial filaments aresomctimes found undesirable aswhedthe use of sharp edges are critical, such "asfifor example, in :a' scouring--pad. It is known that the hot melt extrusion process has been employed for the extrusion of various other types of a'r'tic'lesf'but heretofore this processhas 'neverbeenutilized in IhQQYGdUCfiOlI-Fflf :a monofilament having a polyedged cross-section:=of the:eharacter,and in the manner hereinafter set forth.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an extrudedartificial monofilament that is formed with a plurality of sharply defined edges.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an extruded artificial monofilament that is twisted to simulate a plurality of filaments. p
.A still further object of the present invention is to provide a scouring pad that is fabricated from the artificial filament embodied in the present invention.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a fabric that is fabricated from the artificial filament embodied in the present invention.
Other objects and the nature and advantages of the,
instant invention will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction With'the accompanying drawings, wherein:
' .Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the apparatus utilized in the process employed in' the manufacture of the polyedgedmonofilament embodied in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an elevational magnified view of apolyedged monofilament embodied in the present invention having an outer diameter of approximately .012 to .015 inch;
Fig. 3 is a section taken along the line 33 of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is an elevational magnified View of a twisted polyedged monofilament having an outer diameter of approximately .012 to .015 inch;
Fig. 5 is a section taken along the line 55 of Fig. 4; and
Fig.6 is a view in elevation of a scouring pad in accordancewith the invention.
The artificial monofilament embodied in the present invention is formed from a thermoplastic. material, such as ethyl-cellulose, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate or the vinyl compounds. The preferred material employed in the process described herein is a copolymer-of Vinyl-vinylidene chloride which is more commonly known in the field as saran. The physical properties of saran are particularly adaptable for use in the-endproducts to which the present invention is applied, one of which is a scouting pad such as utilized for cleansing purposes. Saran is highly abrasion re-' sistant, non-corrosive, inert, sanitary, non-toxic, tough,- strong, 'and -non hygroscopic and can be extruded intoany desired shape'or formby the hot meltextrusion process.
Referring now to the drawings, and-particularly Fig. 1, the apparatus employed in-theprocess of producing-the monofilament embodied in the present invention is illustrated therein and includes an extru'der ll), a hopper 12 and a die '14. Pigmented, stabilized, and plasticized thermoplastic material, preferably a copoly-mer of vinylvinylidene chloride, is introduced into the hopper 12. The extruder 1-0, which includes a rotating screw, forces the material through a heated cylinder 'C' and through the die "14, from which'is extruded a monofilament. The monofilament is cooled in a bath l6gand then may be oriented on apparatus (not shown) before it is wound on a package 18;
Referring now to Figs. 2 and-3, one form of the monofilament embodied in "the "present invention is illustrated therein and"=is i-ndicated generally at20. Themonofilament 20 comprises a longitudinally extendingbody portion 22'which has integrally formed therewith a plurality of fins The fins Zdalso extend longitudinally-and, as shown in Fig. '3, extend'outwar dly from the body portion 22 to form fluted sections therewith. Four finsare i'llustta ted'iin :the drawings, but any-numberofnfins'may be formed: with the body: tportion; 22am accordance :with the end product to.-be fabricated.
-:=-By. formin -the p lyedged -rnonofilament ,20s-byathe hot meltextrusionwprocess employing the; apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1, each of the'fins 24 is sharply defined and thereby forms with adjacent fins and the body portion 22 a construction that can be utilized for a variety of purposes. If a scouring pad, such as used in dishwashing, is fabricated from the polyedged monofilament 20, it is apparent that the sharp edges formed by the fins 24 are ideal in performing the ditficult cleansing task ordinarily associated with a scouring pad. It is contemplated that the polyedged monofilament illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 can be employed for a variety of other purposes, whenever it is feasible to employ a single strand filament. This would include some fabrics and coverings, such as, for example, the covering for the audio portion of a television receiver. The covering of loud speakers with fabrics is more or less conventional and in some cases this covering is used for decorative purposes and in other cases functions as a screen for protecting the apparatus which may be delicate. It is usually required that the fabric be maintained with little or no attention, that is to say, it must be easy to clean, decorative, strong, porous and have the appearance of strength and quality. Metal 7 ments would naturally be relatively flat. By the utilization, however, of a fluted or polyedged monofilament in accordance with the present invention, a highly decorative Patented May *1, 1956 Fig. 4. It is significant that this highly textured fabric can be made simply of a monofilament and be of the simplest weave so that its production can be rapid and economical. The appearance of this simply woven but unique fabric will be that of a three-dimensional construction simulating many filaments. It is furthermore contemplated to construct the polyedged monofilament in a more rigid formation, whereby other articles, such as artificial bristles, can be manufactured.
Referring now to Figs. 4 and 5, the variation of the polyedged monofilament mentioned above is illustrated and comprises a twisted set monofilament indicated generally at 30. Thetwisted monofilament 30 is formed with substantially the identical cross-section as the monofilament 20 illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 but is twisted and set, giving the effect of a plurality of filaments and thereby adding body to the general construction of the monofilament. It is apparent that the twisted polyedged monofilament 30 is adaptable for use in the fabrication of a scouring pad, such as is illustrated, for example, in Figure 6, and also for use in a variety of other articles and fabrics.
The monofilaments described hereinabove have included those formed with fluted cross-sections; however, it is also contemplated to form a polyedged monofilament having a square cross-section or a cross-section having straight edges.
It is apparent that the monofilaments produced by the hot melt extrusion process described hereinabove have formed thereon the sharp edges that are necessary in the fabrication of an article such as a scouring pad. The hot melt extrusion process is particularly applicable for producing the sharply defined edges and can be adapted to produce a monofilament having any number of edges as required.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and, therefore, the invention is not limited to what is shown in the drawings and described in the specification, but only as indicated in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
l. A filament formed from a thermoplastic material comprising a body portion and at least three continuously and longitudinally extending fins integrally joined to said body portion, each of said fins including at least two sharp edges defining abrasive means.
2. A filament formed from a thermoplastic material comprising a body portion and at least three continuously and longitudinally extending fins integrally joined to said body portion, said fins including at least two sharp edges defining abrasive means, and said filament being twisted to simulate a plurality of filaments wound together.
3. A filament as set forth in claim 2, wherein saidthermoplastic material is formed from a copolymer of vinyl and vinylidene chlorides.
4. A scouring pad comprising a mass of thermoplastic fibers, each of said fibers having a body portion and at least three longitudinally and continuously extending fins formed integral with said body portion, said fins being defined by edges formed with sharp corners suitable for abrasive purposes wherein each of said fibers is twisted to simulate a plurality of filaments Wound together.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,773,969 Dreyfus et al Aug. 26, 1930 2,002,153 Mendel May 21, 1935 2,110,371 Radford Mar. 8, 1938 2,152,826 Spencer Apr. 4, 1939 2,204,737 Swallow et al. June 18, 1940 2,294,894 Draemann Sept. 8, 1942 2,434,533 Wurzburger Jan. 13, 1948 2,542,973 Abernethy Feb. 27, 1951 2,601,771 Cameron July 1, 1952 2,637,893 Shaw May 12, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 24,656 Great Britain Nov. 14, 1904 176,323 Switzerland July 1, 1935
US318884A 1952-11-05 1952-11-05 Scouring pad and filament Expired - Lifetime US2743511A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2891270A (en) * 1955-10-25 1959-06-23 Reiter Adolph Abrasive wet mop
US2943378A (en) * 1955-09-08 1960-07-05 Miller Gladys Davis High lift fabric for laminated lubricator wick
US3023483A (en) * 1959-02-19 1962-03-06 Steiner Walter Rope made from synthetic thermoplastics
US3036423A (en) * 1954-01-04 1962-05-29 Universal Winding Co Method of making lively thermoplastic yarn
US3109220A (en) * 1960-08-19 1963-11-05 Du Pont Tetralobal cross-sectioned filaments
US3142147A (en) * 1959-03-09 1964-07-28 Monsanto Co Voluminous yarn from synthetic continuous thermoplastic filaments
US3157983A (en) * 1958-08-18 1964-11-24 Radke Rudolf Method for the manufacture of stuffing box packings
US3158984A (en) * 1962-08-10 1964-12-01 Lindsay Wire Weaving Co Porous fabric or structure and the method of making the same
US3311687A (en) * 1960-12-06 1967-03-28 Scragg Frederick Process for manufacturing a monofilament
US3345668A (en) * 1965-04-16 1967-10-10 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Abrasive article
US4245001A (en) * 1977-01-26 1981-01-13 Eastman Kodak Company Textile filaments and yarns
US4395210A (en) * 1980-11-21 1983-07-26 Mihama Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Apparatus for manufacture of turbulence member made of synthetic resin
US4591323A (en) * 1983-09-23 1986-05-27 A/S Sonnichsen Rorvalseverket Extruder and calibrating apparatus for making ribbed or grooved pipe
US5334452A (en) * 1992-11-16 1994-08-02 Monsanto Company Carpet fibers having multifoliate cross-sectional configuration
DE4322871A1 (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-01-12 Coronet Werke Gmbh Surfaces for cleaning or treating surfaces and processes for their manufacture
US5424128A (en) * 1993-07-21 1995-06-13 Robert Phillips Flexible cutting line with controlled drag
US5985450A (en) * 1993-09-22 1999-11-16 Shakespeare Striated monofilaments useful in the formation of papermaking belts

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190424656A (en) * 1904-11-14 1905-10-12 Thomas Shaw An Improved Brush, Pad, or the like for Cleaning, Scouring, Burnishing and Polishing Purposes specially applicable for Domestic Use.
US1773969A (en) * 1928-09-08 1930-08-26 Celanese Corp Process of and apparatus for making artificial filaments
CH176323A (en) * 1933-08-23 1935-04-15 Soie Artificielle De Calais Sa Process for the manufacture of artificial silk threads exhibiting contrasting effects.
US2002153A (en) * 1933-04-13 1935-05-21 Sylvania Ind Corp Artificial filament and method for its production
US2110371A (en) * 1935-05-08 1938-03-08 Hat Corp Product and process for the manufacture thereof
US2152826A (en) * 1936-09-04 1939-04-04 Filatex Corp Article and process for producing the same
US2204737A (en) * 1937-10-14 1940-06-18 Ici Ltd Manufacture of electric cables
US2294894A (en) * 1938-07-09 1942-09-08 Draemann Max Process and apparatus for making sharp-edged thereads, cords, ribbons or bands, profiled stripe, and so forth from plastic masses, artificial and natural dispersions and emulsions
US2434533A (en) * 1945-05-24 1948-01-13 Paul D Wurzburger Imitation filaments, ropes, yarns, and the like
US2542973A (en) * 1948-09-18 1951-02-27 Dow Chemical Co Method of making crinkled fibers
US2601771A (en) * 1951-03-28 1952-07-01 Cleanser Products Inc Cleaning aid
US2637893A (en) * 1949-03-12 1953-05-12 Shaw Gilbert Artificial filament

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190424656A (en) * 1904-11-14 1905-10-12 Thomas Shaw An Improved Brush, Pad, or the like for Cleaning, Scouring, Burnishing and Polishing Purposes specially applicable for Domestic Use.
US1773969A (en) * 1928-09-08 1930-08-26 Celanese Corp Process of and apparatus for making artificial filaments
US2002153A (en) * 1933-04-13 1935-05-21 Sylvania Ind Corp Artificial filament and method for its production
CH176323A (en) * 1933-08-23 1935-04-15 Soie Artificielle De Calais Sa Process for the manufacture of artificial silk threads exhibiting contrasting effects.
US2110371A (en) * 1935-05-08 1938-03-08 Hat Corp Product and process for the manufacture thereof
US2152826A (en) * 1936-09-04 1939-04-04 Filatex Corp Article and process for producing the same
US2204737A (en) * 1937-10-14 1940-06-18 Ici Ltd Manufacture of electric cables
US2294894A (en) * 1938-07-09 1942-09-08 Draemann Max Process and apparatus for making sharp-edged thereads, cords, ribbons or bands, profiled stripe, and so forth from plastic masses, artificial and natural dispersions and emulsions
US2434533A (en) * 1945-05-24 1948-01-13 Paul D Wurzburger Imitation filaments, ropes, yarns, and the like
US2542973A (en) * 1948-09-18 1951-02-27 Dow Chemical Co Method of making crinkled fibers
US2637893A (en) * 1949-03-12 1953-05-12 Shaw Gilbert Artificial filament
US2601771A (en) * 1951-03-28 1952-07-01 Cleanser Products Inc Cleaning aid

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3036423A (en) * 1954-01-04 1962-05-29 Universal Winding Co Method of making lively thermoplastic yarn
US2943378A (en) * 1955-09-08 1960-07-05 Miller Gladys Davis High lift fabric for laminated lubricator wick
US2891270A (en) * 1955-10-25 1959-06-23 Reiter Adolph Abrasive wet mop
US3157983A (en) * 1958-08-18 1964-11-24 Radke Rudolf Method for the manufacture of stuffing box packings
US3023483A (en) * 1959-02-19 1962-03-06 Steiner Walter Rope made from synthetic thermoplastics
US3142147A (en) * 1959-03-09 1964-07-28 Monsanto Co Voluminous yarn from synthetic continuous thermoplastic filaments
US3109220A (en) * 1960-08-19 1963-11-05 Du Pont Tetralobal cross-sectioned filaments
US3311687A (en) * 1960-12-06 1967-03-28 Scragg Frederick Process for manufacturing a monofilament
US3158984A (en) * 1962-08-10 1964-12-01 Lindsay Wire Weaving Co Porous fabric or structure and the method of making the same
US3345668A (en) * 1965-04-16 1967-10-10 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Abrasive article
US4245001A (en) * 1977-01-26 1981-01-13 Eastman Kodak Company Textile filaments and yarns
US4395210A (en) * 1980-11-21 1983-07-26 Mihama Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Apparatus for manufacture of turbulence member made of synthetic resin
US4591323A (en) * 1983-09-23 1986-05-27 A/S Sonnichsen Rorvalseverket Extruder and calibrating apparatus for making ribbed or grooved pipe
US5334452A (en) * 1992-11-16 1994-08-02 Monsanto Company Carpet fibers having multifoliate cross-sectional configuration
DE4322871A1 (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-01-12 Coronet Werke Gmbh Surfaces for cleaning or treating surfaces and processes for their manufacture
US5424128A (en) * 1993-07-21 1995-06-13 Robert Phillips Flexible cutting line with controlled drag
US5985450A (en) * 1993-09-22 1999-11-16 Shakespeare Striated monofilaments useful in the formation of papermaking belts

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