US3185866A - Magnetic function generator - Google Patents

Magnetic function generator Download PDF

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US3185866A
US3185866A US172035A US17203562A US3185866A US 3185866 A US3185866 A US 3185866A US 172035 A US172035 A US 172035A US 17203562 A US17203562 A US 17203562A US 3185866 A US3185866 A US 3185866A
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function
coil
winding
function generator
ring
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US172035A
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George F Harpell
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/22—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils
    • G01D5/225—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils by influencing the mutual induction between the two coils
    • G01D5/2258—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils by influencing the mutual induction between the two coils by a movable ferromagnetic element, e.g. core
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06G—ANALOGUE COMPUTERS
    • G06G7/00—Devices in which the computing operation is performed by varying electric or magnetic quantities
    • G06G7/12—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers
    • G06G7/26—Arbitrary function generators

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to function generators
  • the magnetic function generator of this invention comprises E transformer laminations with a coil wound on each of the three legs.
  • One of the windings is the function or output winding while a second is a primary or inner coil and the third is utilized as a bucking coil.
  • the voltage produced in the function coil is determined by spacing of a bar of permeable material in relation to the E laminations. Once a function is es tablished in relation to this spacing, a piece of metal, varying in its distance from the E laminations in accordance with the desired function, may be rotated by means of a small motor.
  • function generators were either mechanical linkages which are subject to wear, or were in the form of potentiometers which also were subject to wear and required unwieldy changes of its taps to vary a function.
  • the instant invention allows for a long life of the function generator while maintaining a high degree of flexibility for changing the function.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a function generator wherein a variable DC. output is a function of the shape of a rotating iron ring.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the system for generating a function
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the E transformer with the means for varying the voltage of the function coil;
  • FIG. 3 is a pictorial View of the one side of the permeable ring.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating the means for securing the ring of permeable material.
  • FIG. 1 represents a three-legged or E-type transformer having laminations 12 with a coil Patented May 25, 1965 wound on each of the three legs. 'As shown in FIG. 1, the
  • top coil 14 is the function coil or output winding.
  • middle coil 16 is the primary coil which provides the input for the transformer, while the lowermost coil 18 functions as a bucking coil, as will be explained infra.
  • a voltage is produced in the function coil 14 1 and a permeable bar 20, for example of soft iron, depending upon its spacing in relation to the E laminations 12, is used to vary the voltage produced in the function coil.
  • a permeable bar 20 for example of soft iron, depending upon its spacing in relation to the E laminations 12 is used to vary the voltage produced in the function coil.
  • the bucking coil by being connected in series opposition, cancels out the residual voltage generated in the function coil with the maximum spacing of iron bar 20, thereby eliminating the need for a DC. power supply to establish a zero level.
  • FIG. 2 shows a preferred means for producing variations in spacing between the iron bar 20 and the E lamination 12. Once a function to be generated is chosen, the spacings of the permeable material are correlated with the speed of a motor in order to produce the desired function.
  • the permeable material 20 is generally ring-shaped (FIG. 3) and has a channel formed on the rear side thereof by means of elements 22 (FIG. 4) within which the heads of bolts or machine screws 24 are slidable.
  • the spacing between adjacent elements 22 allows for flexing of the ring 20.
  • a lock nut (not (shown) may be provided to bind the head of bolt 24 against the channel 22.
  • the bolts 24 extend from the channel in ring 20 through holes formed in a hub 28 and are secured by means of nuts 39.
  • Springs 32 bias ring 20 away from hub 28 with nuts 30 providing a stop. This arrangement allows for easy adjustment of the ring for various functions. It is, however, contemplated that an additional lock nut on the other side of hub 28 from that on which 30 is secured may be used to replace the spring elements or alternative ly the holes in hub 28 could be internally threaded.
  • a motor 36 which may be of the synchro type, has a shaft in driving engagement with the hub 28.
  • rotation of motor 36 by its rotation of ring 20 varies the spacing between it and the E laminations 12 in order to produce the desired function.
  • the bolts 24 could be brazed or otherwise secured permanently to the iron bar 20, provided the iron bar were very thin and capable of being stretched, or, alternatively, bolt 24 could be fixed to sections of ring 20 which would be somewhat wider than the spacing between adjacent sections. This would allow for an overlapping of the sections such that, when the bolts are attached for the desired distance from the E laminations, the separate sections may be formed to provide a relatively smooth contour.
  • a number of rings could be gauged adjacent separate transformers to provide a number of functions simultaneously. 7
  • a magnetic function generator comprising a transformer including an E-type core having a primary winding on the center leg, a function winding on one of the outer legs and a bucking winding on the other of said outer legs, said function winding and said bucking Winding being connected in series opposition, permeable means overlying only said center leg and said outer leg with said function winding, and means for varying the distance of said permeable means above said center. and said outer leg.
  • a magnetic function generator as defined in claim 2 including means for adjusting said variations for different functions.
  • a function generator comprising a three-legged transformer having coils on each of the three legs, an alternating current source connected with the center coil, the outer coils of said transformer being connected in electrical opposition, and permeable means rotatable relative to said transformer, said permeable means comprising a ring having a portion thereof overlying only said center leg and one of said outer legs of said transformer, said ring having convolutions in its axial direction in accordance with a function to be generated.
  • Means for producing a signal in response to the relative displacement between two objects comprising an E-type transformer having coils Wound on each of its legs, the outer two of said coils being connected in electrical opposition, the center coil being connected with a source of alternating current, permeable means having a portion overlying only said center coil and one of said outer coils of said transformer, and means for adjusting the shape of said permeable means such that rotation thereof varies the displacement between said permeable means and the coils which it overlies.
  • said permeable means is ring shaped and including a motor for rotating said permeable means, a hub on the shaft of said motor, adjustable means connecting said hub with said ring whereby port-ions of said ring are axially displaced with respect to said hub in accordance with a predetermined signal output.
  • Means as defined in claim 7 including a means for rectifying and filtering the output from said coils on said outer legs of said transformer.

Description

May 25, 1965 G. F. HARPELL MAGNETIC FUNCTION GENERATOR Filed Feb. 8, 1962 15 lljl A8 l lll IIVII W mm Q W m A 5 Wm J 0 United States Patent 3,185,866 MAGNETIC FUNCTION GENERATOR George F. Harpell, Concord, Mass, assignor to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air Force Filed Feb. 8, 1962, Ser. No. 172,035
8 Claims. (Cl. 307-107) (Granted under Title 35, US. Code (1952), see. 266) The invention described hereinmay be manufactured and used by or for the United States Government for governmental purposes without payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates generally to function generators,
and more particularly to a magnetic function generator which utilizes the variation of the output voltage of a function coil by means of movement of a bar of permeable material in relation to the E laminations.
The magnetic function generator of this invention comprises E transformer laminations with a coil wound on each of the three legs. One of the windings is the function or output winding while a second is a primary or inner coil and the third is utilized as a bucking coil. With the function and primary coils adjacent each other on the E laminations, the voltage produced in the function coil is determined by spacing of a bar of permeable material in relation to the E laminations. Once a function is es tablished in relation to this spacing, a piece of metal, varying in its distance from the E laminations in accordance with the desired function, may be rotated by means of a small motor.
Previously, function generators were either mechanical linkages which are subject to wear, or were in the form of potentiometers which also were subject to wear and required unwieldy changes of its taps to vary a function. The instant invention allows for a long life of the function generator while maintaining a high degree of flexibility for changing the function.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a novel magnetic function generator.
It is another object of this invention to provide a magnetic function generator having only one moving part with a long life determined only by the life of a motor bearmg.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a function generator which is facile of adjustment for various desired functions.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a function generator which has provision for cancelling out residual voltage generated in the function coil.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide a magnetic function generator which is easy and economical to produce and utilizes standard components which lend themselves to mass production manufacturing techniques.
Another object of this invention is to provide a function generator wherein a variable DC. output is a function of the shape of a rotating iron ring.
These and other advantages, features and objects of the invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in connection with the illustrative embodiments in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the system for generating a function;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the E transformer with the means for varying the voltage of the function coil;
FIG. 3 is a pictorial View of the one side of the permeable ring; and
FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating the means for securing the ring of permeable material.
Referring to FIG. 1, represents a three-legged or E-type transformer having laminations 12 with a coil Patented May 25, 1965 wound on each of the three legs. 'As shown in FIG. 1, the
top coil 14 is the function coil or output winding. The
middle coil 16 is the primary coil which provides the input for the transformer, while the lowermost coil 18 functions as a bucking coil, as will be explained infra.
In order to provide a DC. output, a diode D and filter capacitor C are utilized to rectify and filter the output from the E transformer. The primary coil 16 is connected to a suitable source of alternating current. The bucking coil 18 has one end connected with one side of the function coil 14 While itsother end is connected to diode D. The filter capacitor C is connected with the output of diode D on one side and the remaining end of function coil 14 on the other.
When the primary coil is energized with alternating current, a voltage is produced in the function coil 14 1 and a permeable bar 20, for example of soft iron, depending upon its spacing in relation to the E laminations 12, is used to vary the voltage produced in the function coil. As the bar 20 is moved closer to the upper part of the E laminations the output voltage is increased in the function coil. The bucking coil 18, by being connected in series opposition, cancels out the residual voltage generated in the function coil with the maximum spacing of iron bar 20, thereby eliminating the need for a DC. power supply to establish a zero level.
FIG. 2 shows a preferred means for producing variations in spacing between the iron bar 20 and the E lamination 12. Once a function to be generated is chosen, the spacings of the permeable material are correlated with the speed of a motor in order to produce the desired function.
The permeable material 20 is generally ring-shaped (FIG. 3) and has a channel formed on the rear side thereof by means of elements 22 (FIG. 4) within which the heads of bolts or machine screws 24 are slidable. The spacing between adjacent elements 22 allows for flexing of the ring 20. A lock nut (not (shown) may be provided to bind the head of bolt 24 against the channel 22. The bolts 24 extend from the channel in ring 20 through holes formed in a hub 28 and are secured by means of nuts 39. Springs 32 bias ring 20 away from hub 28 with nuts 30 providing a stop. This arrangement allows for easy adjustment of the ring for various functions. It is, however, contemplated that an additional lock nut on the other side of hub 28 from that on which 30 is secured may be used to replace the spring elements or alternative ly the holes in hub 28 could be internally threaded.
A motor 36, which may be of the synchro type, has a shaft in driving engagement with the hub 28. Thus, rotation of motor 36 by its rotation of ring 20 varies the spacing between it and the E laminations 12 in order to produce the desired function.
Although the invention has been described with reference to a particular embodiment, it will be understood to those skilled in the art that the invention is capable of a variety of alternative embodiments. For example, the bolts 24 could be brazed or otherwise secured permanently to the iron bar 20, provided the iron bar were very thin and capable of being stretched, or, alternatively, bolt 24 could be fixed to sections of ring 20 which would be somewhat wider than the spacing between adjacent sections. This would allow for an overlapping of the sections such that, when the bolts are attached for the desired distance from the E laminations, the separate sections may be formed to provide a relatively smooth contour. In addition, a number of rings could be gauged adjacent separate transformers to provide a number of functions simultaneously. 7
I intend to be limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
I claim:
1. A magnetic function generator comprising a transformer including an E-type core having a primary winding on the center leg, a function winding on one of the outer legs and a bucking winding on the other of said outer legs, said function winding and said bucking Winding being connected in series opposition, permeable means overlying only said center leg and said outer leg with said function winding, and means for varying the distance of said permeable means above said center. and said outer leg.
2. A magnetic function generator as defined in claim 1 wherein said last-mentioned means comprises a motor having its axis parallel with the axis of said windings and said permeable means comprises a ring mounted for rotation with said motor, said ring having variations in its distance from said transformer in accordance with the parameter of a function to be generated.
3. A magnetic function generator as defined in claim 2 including means for adjusting said variations for different functions.
4. A function generator comprising a three-legged transformer having coils on each of the three legs, an alternating current source connected with the center coil, the outer coils of said transformer being connected in electrical opposition, and permeable means rotatable relative to said transformer, said permeable means comprising a ring having a portion thereof overlying only said center leg and one of said outer legs of said transformer, said ring having convolutions in its axial direction in accordance with a function to be generated.
5. A function generator as defined in claim 4 wherein said convolutions of said ring are adjustable.
6. Means for producing a signal in response to the relative displacement between two objects, said means comprising an E-type transformer having coils Wound on each of its legs, the outer two of said coils being connected in electrical opposition, the center coil being connected with a source of alternating current, permeable means having a portion overlying only said center coil and one of said outer coils of said transformer, and means for adjusting the shape of said permeable means such that rotation thereof varies the displacement between said permeable means and the coils which it overlies.
7. Means as defined in claim 6 wherein said permeable means is ring shaped and including a motor for rotating said permeable means, a hub on the shaft of said motor, adjustable means connecting said hub with said ring whereby port-ions of said ring are axially displaced with respect to said hub in accordance with a predetermined signal output.
8. Means as defined in claim 7 including a means for rectifying and filtering the output from said coils on said outer legs of said transformer.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,484,022 10/ 49 Esval 323-51 X 2,730,644 1/56 Karlson 323 X LLOYD MQCOLLUM, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A MAGNETIC FUNCTION GENERATOR COMPRISING A TRANSFORMER INCLUDING AN E-TYPE CORE HAVING A PRIMARY WINDING ON THE CENTER LEG, A FUNCTION WINDING ON ONE OF THE OUTER LEGS AND A BUCKING WINDING ON THE OTHER OF SAID OUTER LEGS SAID FUNCTION WINDING AND SAID BUCKING WINDING BEING CONNECTED IN SERIES OPPOSITION, PERMEABLE MEANS OVERLYING ONLY SAID CENTER LEG AND SAID OUTER LEG WITH SAID FUNCTION WINDING, AND MEANS FOR VARYING THE DISTANCE OF SAID PERMEABLE MEANS ABOVE SAID CENTER AND SAID OUTER LEG.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297940A (en) * 1962-06-01 1967-01-10 Internat Instr Inc Means for reproducing a pattern as a d. c. output
US3313877A (en) * 1964-07-10 1967-04-11 Walter G Finch Electronic organ keying device
US3419798A (en) * 1965-12-17 1968-12-31 Clark Equipment Co Displacement sensing transducer using hall effect devices
US4417200A (en) * 1977-05-18 1983-11-22 Herman Rosman Current control

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2484022A (en) * 1945-03-27 1949-10-11 Sperry Corp Pick-off device for electrical control systems
US2730644A (en) * 1951-04-10 1956-01-10 Hyman A Michlin Electroluminescent light means

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2484022A (en) * 1945-03-27 1949-10-11 Sperry Corp Pick-off device for electrical control systems
US2730644A (en) * 1951-04-10 1956-01-10 Hyman A Michlin Electroluminescent light means

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297940A (en) * 1962-06-01 1967-01-10 Internat Instr Inc Means for reproducing a pattern as a d. c. output
US3313877A (en) * 1964-07-10 1967-04-11 Walter G Finch Electronic organ keying device
US3419798A (en) * 1965-12-17 1968-12-31 Clark Equipment Co Displacement sensing transducer using hall effect devices
US4417200A (en) * 1977-05-18 1983-11-22 Herman Rosman Current control

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