US3359959A - Walking beam rocker arm - Google Patents
Walking beam rocker arm Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3359959A US3359959A US597681A US59768166A US3359959A US 3359959 A US3359959 A US 3359959A US 597681 A US597681 A US 597681A US 59768166 A US59768166 A US 59768166A US 3359959 A US3359959 A US 3359959A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rocker arm
- valve
- bearing
- bearing surface
- rocking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
- F01L1/182—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft
- F01L1/183—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft of the boat type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20576—Elements
- Y10T74/20582—Levers
Definitions
- a concavo-convex spacer defined by eccentric spherical bearing surfaces spacing and cooperating respectively with mating bearing surfaces of a fixed support and an engine driven valve operating rocker arm to effect a double ball and socket articulated support for the rocker arm, whereby upon rocking of the rocker arm, predetermined translatory movement of the latter with respect to the center of curvature of the support is accomplished to enable guided rocker arm movement by means of an interengagement between the rocker arm and the conventionally guided axially reciprocable stem of the valve to be actuated.
- This invention relates to valve operating rocker arms for a piston type automotive internal combustion engine and has for an important object the provision of an improved simplified and ecomnomically manufactured and installed rocker arm assembly, including the customary push rod actuator for the rocker arm and the latters pivotal mounting, whereby the rocker arm is supported in predetermined alignment with the stem of the valve to be operated.
- a rocker arm In a typical rocker arm installation for an overhead valve engine, a rocker arm is pivotally mounted between its ends on the cylinder head casting to engage at its opposite ends respectively an axially reciprocating push rod to be rocked thereby and the stem of the valve for reciprocating the latter in timed relationship with repect to the engine operation.
- a stud-mounted rocker arm wherein a stud secured to the cylinder head cooperates with an intermediate base portion of the rocker arm to effect a ball-and-socket type articulated rocker arm mounting.
- the push rod and valve stem engage opposite ends of the rocker arm and either the rod or stem interengages the associated end of the rocker arm to prevent its rotation about the axis of the stud to a position out of engagement with either the rod or stem.
- the mounting assembly in apreferred construction includes first and second arcuate bearing surfaces xed with respect to the rocker arm and stud respectively.
- bearing surfaces are spaced eccentrically from each ICC other by a concave-convex spacer having eccentric concave and convex spherical surfaces cooperating with the first and second bearing surfaces to complete a scotch yoke type coupling comprising a double ball and socket articulation, whereby as the rocker arm rocks to actuate the valve, it also translates with respect to the center of curvature of the bearing surface that is xed with respect to the stud, so as to maintain a ball and socket interengagement between the valve stem and rocker arm to guide the latter throughout the -customary axial reciprocation of the valve stem.
- the push rod is not employed as the rocker arm restraint and the latter may be economically formed from tubular stock without a costly bearing surface.
- the Valve stem is preferably mounted in a bushing for axial sliding movement in any event.
- the freedom ⁇ of translatory movement achieved by the rocker arm mounting minimizes wear between the valve stem and its bushing, so that a shorter and more economical Valve stem and also a more compact engine construction are achieved.
- a sloppy mounting for the valve stem after a minimum Ioperating life is avoided, leakage of oil and exhaust gases are minimized and proper valve seating and the minimizing of valve noise are accomplished throughout a comparatively long operating life for the engine.
- FIGURE 1 is a vertical mid-sectional view through a rocker arm and mounting embodying the present invention, showing the rocker arm in the valve open position.
- FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, showing the rocker arm in the valve closed position.
- FIGURE 3 is a view similar to FIGURE 1, but showing a modification.
- FIGURE 4 is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows substantially along the line 4 4 of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 1 a particular embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by way of example with a customary overhead valve type internal combustion automotive engine -of conventional construction, a fragmentary portion of the cylinder head casting 10 being shown.
- a rocker arm 11 is associated with a valve comprising'either the customary inlet or exhaust valve for one of the engine cylinders.
- the rocker arm 11 may be of conventional construction and includes a ,central upwardly opening spherical socket portion 13 spaced from a ball head 14 of a stud 15 by means of a concavo-convex spacer 12 having a spherical convex bearing surface 12a seated against the mating surface 13, and a spherical concave bearing surface 12b seated against the mating surface 14, the surfaces 12a and 13 being centered at a and the surfaces 12b and 14 being centered at b.
- the stud 15 extends through oversize apertures 16 and 18 in the spacer 12 and in the base of the socket 13 for passage of an enlarged neck 17 of the stud 15.
- One end of the rocker arm 11 is provided with a downwardly opening spherical socket 19 engaged with the spherical ball end 20 of a tubular push rod 21.
- the latter extends freely through the bore of an oil return portion b of the casting 10 ⁇ and engages a tappet 23 at its lower end by means of a ball and socket articulation similar to that illustrated at its upper end.
- the ball end of the push rod 21 is provided with a diametrically extending oil passage which receives lubricating oil pumped upwardly through the tube 21 and discharges the oil into the socket 13 via an oil port 24 in the rocker arm.
- a portion of the socket 19 is enlarged to provide an oil passage clearance between the oil ports in the ball 20 and socket 19 and also to provide lubrication for the ball and socket articulation 19, 20.
- Oil flowing into the socket 13 via port 24 lubricates the ball and socket connections between members 12, 13 and 14 and overows the opposite rounded valve stem engaging end of the rocker arm to lubricate the upper end of the valve stem 26 of an integral valve 27.
- the stem 26 comprises a smooth bearing shaft portion which extends in bearing and guided relationship through the bore of a valve guide portion 10c of the casting 1G.
- the upper end of the stem 26 is provided with an integral spherical ball end 22 which seats within a spherical socket 25 of the rocker arm 11 to interengage the latter in guiding relationship as explained below.
- a lubrication port 28 through the base of socket 25 receives oil from the interior of the rocker arm 11 for lubricating the ball and socket articulation 22, 25.
- stem 26 is provided with an annular groove 29 for interlocking engagement with a complementary pair of diametrically opposed dogs 30 having conically tapered outer surfaces mating with a similarly tapered inner opening of an annular spring retainer 31.
- This latter structure is conventional and is maintained in assembled relationship by means of a valve closing spring 32 seated coaxially around the stem 26 under compression between the retainer 31 and a portion of the casting 10' near the upper end of the valve guide 10c.
- the spring 32 urges the valve and valve stem engaging socket 25 of the rocker arm upwardly and normally maintains the valve 27 in its closed position.
- the push rod 21 is maintained in contact with the push rod engaging socket 19 of the rocker arm with a reacting force opposing the spring 32 to cooperate with the latter in urging the rocker arm 11 upwardly to the upper portion of the neck 17 to clamp the spacer 12 therebetween and the spherical mounting portion 14 of the stud 15, thereby to maintain the double pivotal ball and socket relationship.
- the ball head 14 is integral with the stud 15, and a washer 33 spaces the neck 17 from the casting boss 10a.
- the clearance between the tubular portion 10b and the push rod 21 is adequate to enable the limited movement of the push rod 21 transversely of its axis as required by the translatoryor walking movement of the arm 11 during its valve operating rocking movement.
- the ball and socket connections at the opposite ends of the push rod 21 cooperate to enable this transverse movement.
- the ball and socket mounting for the rocker arm 11 could be readily reversed, such that the spacer 12 would engage the exterior spherical undersurface of the rocker arm 13 and be clamped between the latter surface and a fixed spherical socketintegral with the stud 15 in the manner of and in lieu of ball Portion 14.
- the various articulated members could be cylindrical instead of spherical.
- the ball element 14 is replaced by a cylindrical element 14 of circular section spaced from a circularly cylindrical base surface 13 of the rocker arm by a cylindrical concavo-convex spacer 12 comparable in function to the spacer 12.
- the concave and convex cylindrical surfaces of the spacer 12 will be eccentric with respect to each other and centered about axes a and b', which may be located above the line of centers between the ball portions 20 and 22. This latter is true because the axial extent of the cylindrical portions of the double articulated support will prevent rotation of the rocker arm about any horizontal axis parallel to the plane of the drawing in FIGURE 3.
- the cylinders 12 and 13 are provided with over-size openings 16 and 18 respectively for passage of the spacer 17', which is comparable to the neck or spacer 17 of FIGURES l and 2.
- the supporting cylinder 14 and spacer 17 need not be integral portions of the stud 15, so that the cylinder 14 is clamped to the spacer 17' by the head of the stud 15.
- the structure and mode of operation of the device illustrated in FIGURES 3 and 4 is substantially the same as that described with regard to FIGURES l and 2.
- (C) means cooperating with said first and second bearing surfaces to complete a scotch yoke type articulation therebetween comprising (l) a spacer between said first and second bearing surfaces and having (a) a third arcuate bearing surface conforming to and seated against said first bearing surface in rocking sliding relationship, and
- said mounting means including a stud fixed with respect to the center of curvature of said second bearing surface and extending through aligned oversize holes in said spacer and rocker arm for attachment with a fixed portion of said engine.
- an axially reciprocable valve operating stem means cooperable with said valve operating portion and stem to complete an articulated connection therebetween for reciprocating said stern upon said rocking of said rocker arm and for maintaining the latter in predetermined guided relationship with respect to said stem, and bearing means for closely supporting and guiding the axial reciprocation of said shaft along a fixed axis.
- said articulated connection comprising ball and socket elements of said valve operating portion and stem in rocking and sliding interengagement for maintaining said rocker arm in said predetermined guided relationship with respect to said stem.
- said third and fourth arcuate surfaces of said spacer comprising concave-convex cylindrical surfaces.
- said third and fourth arcuate surfaces of said spacer comprising concavo-convex spherical surfaces.
- actuator means for rocking said rocker arm including a recipro cating push rod having means at one end for articulated coupling with engine driven means for reciprocating said push rod, and means at the other end of said push rod cooperable with said actuator engaging portion of said rocker arm for completing an articulated coupling therebetween.
- said mounting means including a stud iixed with respect to the center of curvature of said second bearing surface and extending through aligned oversize holes in said spacer and rocker arm for attachment with a fixed portion of said engine.
- said third and fourth arcuate surfaces of said spacer comprising concave-convex cylindrical surfaces.
- said third and fourth arcuate surfaces of said spacer comprising concavoconvex spherical surfaces.
Description
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US597681A US3359959A (en) | 1966-11-29 | 1966-11-29 | Walking beam rocker arm |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US597681A US3359959A (en) | 1966-11-29 | 1966-11-29 | Walking beam rocker arm |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3359959A true US3359959A (en) | 1967-12-26 |
Family
ID=24392528
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US597681A Expired - Lifetime US3359959A (en) | 1966-11-29 | 1966-11-29 | Walking beam rocker arm |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3359959A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1911299B1 (en) * | 1969-03-06 | 1971-01-14 | Rheinstahl Hanomag Ag | Storage for rocker arms of internal combustion engines |
US3880127A (en) * | 1972-12-07 | 1975-04-29 | Eaton Corp | Hydraulic valve gear |
US4856467A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-08-15 | Tecumseh Products Company | Adjustable lash valve train for overhead valve engine |
US5190000A (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1993-03-02 | Van-Rob Stampings Inc. | Rocker arm assembly |
DE19833112A1 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2000-01-27 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg | Lever-type cam follower of valve gear of internal combustion engine activates at least one gas exchange valve and comprises two longitudinally extending side walls joined to each other by cross beam |
DE10020116A1 (en) * | 2000-04-22 | 2002-06-06 | Ina Schaeffler Kg | Bearing assembly for valve gear of internal combustion engine has locking means comprising nut limiting bolt in direction of one end, and wedge component which fits in bore of swivel head by point |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1198155A (en) * | 1911-08-23 | 1916-09-12 | Busch Sulzer Bros Diesel Engine Co | Valve-gearing. |
US1246343A (en) * | 1916-11-22 | 1917-11-13 | Richard Crane | Valve-lifting mechanism. |
US1497451A (en) * | 1923-08-29 | 1924-06-10 | John F Kytlica | Rocker arm |
US3087478A (en) * | 1961-11-13 | 1963-04-30 | Earl A Thompson Mfg Company | Lash adjusting device |
US3096750A (en) * | 1961-07-14 | 1963-07-09 | Dolza | Overhead camshaft engine valve mechanism |
US3254637A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1966-06-07 | Roger O Durham | Valve actuator |
-
1966
- 1966-11-29 US US597681A patent/US3359959A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1198155A (en) * | 1911-08-23 | 1916-09-12 | Busch Sulzer Bros Diesel Engine Co | Valve-gearing. |
US1246343A (en) * | 1916-11-22 | 1917-11-13 | Richard Crane | Valve-lifting mechanism. |
US1497451A (en) * | 1923-08-29 | 1924-06-10 | John F Kytlica | Rocker arm |
US3096750A (en) * | 1961-07-14 | 1963-07-09 | Dolza | Overhead camshaft engine valve mechanism |
US3087478A (en) * | 1961-11-13 | 1963-04-30 | Earl A Thompson Mfg Company | Lash adjusting device |
US3254637A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1966-06-07 | Roger O Durham | Valve actuator |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1911299B1 (en) * | 1969-03-06 | 1971-01-14 | Rheinstahl Hanomag Ag | Storage for rocker arms of internal combustion engines |
US3880127A (en) * | 1972-12-07 | 1975-04-29 | Eaton Corp | Hydraulic valve gear |
US4856467A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-08-15 | Tecumseh Products Company | Adjustable lash valve train for overhead valve engine |
US5190000A (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1993-03-02 | Van-Rob Stampings Inc. | Rocker arm assembly |
DE19833112A1 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2000-01-27 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg | Lever-type cam follower of valve gear of internal combustion engine activates at least one gas exchange valve and comprises two longitudinally extending side walls joined to each other by cross beam |
US6182626B1 (en) | 1998-07-23 | 2001-02-06 | INA Wälzlager Schaeffler oHG | Lever-type cam follower for a valve drive of an internal combustion engine |
DE10020116A1 (en) * | 2000-04-22 | 2002-06-06 | Ina Schaeffler Kg | Bearing assembly for valve gear of internal combustion engine has locking means comprising nut limiting bolt in direction of one end, and wedge component which fits in bore of swivel head by point |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FIDELITY UNION TRUST COMPANY, 765 BROAD ST., NEWAR Free format text: MORTGAGE;ASSIGNOR:CHRYSLER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003832/0358 Effective date: 19810209 Owner name: FIDELITY UNION TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE,NEW JERSEY Free format text: MORTGAGE;ASSIGNOR:CHRYSLER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003832/0358 Effective date: 19810209 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CHRYSLER CORPORATION, HIGHLAND PARK, MI 12000 LYNN Free format text: ASSIGNORS HEREBY REASSIGN, TRANSFER AND RELINQUISH THEIR ENTIRE INTEREST UNDER SAID INVENTIONS AND RELEASE THEIR SECURITY INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:FIDELITY UNION BANK;ARNEBECK, WILLIAM, INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE;REEL/FRAME:004063/0604 Effective date: 19820217 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CHRYSLER CORPORATION Free format text: PARTES REASSIGN, TRANSFER AND RELINQUISH THEIR ENTIRE INTEREST UNDER SAID PATENTS ALSO RELEASE THEIR SECURITY INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MANUFACTURERS NATIONAL BANK OF DETROIL (CORPORATE TRUSTEE) AND BLACK DONALD E., (INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE);REEL/FRAME:004355/0154 Effective date: 19840905 |