US3395528A - Stainless steel wire products and method of making the same - Google Patents

Stainless steel wire products and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3395528A
US3395528A US533116A US53311666A US3395528A US 3395528 A US3395528 A US 3395528A US 533116 A US533116 A US 533116A US 53311666 A US53311666 A US 53311666A US 3395528 A US3395528 A US 3395528A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wire
stainless steel
making
steel wire
tensile strength
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US533116A
Inventor
Wilbert A Lucht
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BRIDON AMERICAN Corp A CORP OF NEW YORK
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United States Steel Corp
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Application filed by United States Steel Corp filed Critical United States Steel Corp
Priority to US533116A priority Critical patent/US3395528A/en
Priority to GB4446/67A priority patent/GB1129869A/en
Priority to DE1967U0013510 priority patent/DE1558669B2/en
Priority to BE693701D priority patent/BE693701A/xx
Priority to JP748067A priority patent/JPS543805B1/ja
Priority to FR93910A priority patent/FR1510513A/en
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Publication of US3395528A publication Critical patent/US3395528A/en
Assigned to BRIDON AMERICAN CORPORATION A CORP OF NEW YORK reassignment BRIDON AMERICAN CORPORATION A CORP OF NEW YORK ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION A CORP OF DE
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/003—Drawing materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special drawing methods or sequences
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys

Definitions

  • a second cold drawing step reduces its cross sectional area at least 40% with the total reduction being at least 85% of the cross sectional area of the hot rolled rod.
  • the product may then be stress relieved at a temperature between 850 and 1200 F.
  • the stainless steel wire so produced has a minimum tensile strength of 300,000 lbs. per sq. in. and is capable of withstanding at least 25 twists in a length of wire 100 times its diameter.
  • This invention relates to stainless steel wire products and to a method of making the same, and particularly relates to austenitic stainless steels containing 17 to 20% chromium, 7 to 10% nickel, and .03 to .70% carbon.
  • Stainless Steel Types 302 and 304 are in this category. Such steels are made into wire which in many cases is used to make wire rope. Wire of this type, produced in the normal manner is very poor in torsion. Wire rope should also have high tensile strength and good ductility, which properties are not particularly good when the steels of the above type are processed in the usual manner.
  • Another object is to provide a method of making a stainless steel wire rope with wire having high torsional properties and high tensile strength.
  • a still further object is to provide a stainless steel wire product having good ductility, high torsional properties and high tensile strength.
  • an elongated austenitic stainless steel member having the composition disclosed above and which has been processed in the usual manner.
  • This member may be a hot rolled rod which has been cooled after hot rolling in such a manner that it is essentially in an annealed state, or it may be processed wire which has been annealed in the usual manner.
  • I first subject this member to a cold drawing step in which its cross-sectional area is reduced between 30 and 75%. I find it necessary to have a minimum reduction of 30% in order that the product will not be too brittle for the further drawing operation discussed below. On the other hand, if the reduction is above 75%, costs will increase due to drawing difiiculties and heat treating without obtaining any further improvement.
  • the drawn member is then stress relieved at a temperature between 850 and 1200 F. Subsequently, it is subjected to a second cold drawing step in which its crosssectional area is reduced at least 40%.
  • the total reduction in the two drawing steps must be at least 85 of the cross sectional area of the starting member.
  • a Type 304 annealed wire of .135" diameter was given a reduction to .068" and was then stress relieved for 6 hours at 925 F.
  • This wire was then given a 75% reduction to a diameter of .034" so that there was an overall reduction in area of approximately 93.7%.
  • the wire so produced had a tensile strength of 344,000 pounds per square inch and 76 twists in 8".
  • This Wire was then' processed in the usual manner to make a Regular Lay 6 x 36 wire rope with an independent wire rope core, and the wire rope so formed was then stress relieved by heating it to a temperature of 1000 F.
  • This wire rope had a breaking strength of 67,000 pounds.
  • a similar wire rope, without the final stress relieving step had a breaking strength of 55,000 pounds. This compares with a breaking strength of 44,000 pounds for a similar rope processed in a conventional manner.
  • the wire produced above when given a final stress relief at 1000 F., had a tensile strength of 358,000 p.s.i. and 93 twists in 8".
  • a wire of the same size and composition produced in a conventional manner had a tensile strength of 290,000 pounds per square inch and between 14 and 40 turns in 8".
  • wire reduced by drawing according to my invention will have a minimum tensile strength of 300,000 pounds per square inch and can be given a minimum of 25 twists in a length of wire times the wire diameter, before breaking.
  • the tensile strength will increase as the amount of total reduction increases. In all cases the torsion properties will be at least as good as the minimum stated above.
  • Other examples of Type 304 stainless wires made according to my invention, without a final stress relieving are as follows:
  • the method of making stainless steel wire having high torsional properties, good ductility and high tensile strength which comprises providing an elongated austenitic stainless steel member containing 17 to 20% chromium, 7 to 10% nickel and .03 to .70% carbon, cold drawing said member to reduce its cross sectional area between 30 and 75%, then stress relieving said drawn member at a temperature of between 850 and 1200 F., then cold drawing said member to reduce its cross sectional area at least 40% with the total reduction being at least 85% of the cross sectional area of the starting member.
  • the method of claim 3 including the step of stress relieving the wire rope at a temperature between 850 and 1200 F.

Description

United States Patent 3,395,528 STAINLESS STEEL WIRE PRODUCTS AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Wilbert A. Lucht, Orange, -Conn., assignor to United States Steel Corporation, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Feb. 11, 1966, Ser. No. 533,116 6 Claims. (Cl. 57-145) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of making stainless steel wire in which a hot rolled rod of astenitic stainless steel having a specific composition is cold drawn to reduce its area between 30 and 75% after which it is stress relieved at a temperature between 850 and 1200 F. A second cold drawing step reduces its cross sectional area at least 40% with the total reduction being at least 85% of the cross sectional area of the hot rolled rod. The product may then be stress relieved at a temperature between 850 and 1200 F. The stainless steel wire so produced has a minimum tensile strength of 300,000 lbs. per sq. in. and is capable of withstanding at least 25 twists in a length of wire 100 times its diameter.
This invention relates to stainless steel wire products and to a method of making the same, and particularly relates to austenitic stainless steels containing 17 to 20% chromium, 7 to 10% nickel, and .03 to .70% carbon. Stainless Steel Types 302 and 304 are in this category. Such steels are made into wire which in many cases is used to make wire rope. Wire of this type, produced in the normal manner is very poor in torsion. Wire rope should also have high tensile strength and good ductility, which properties are not particularly good when the steels of the above type are processed in the usual manner.
Therefore it is an object of my invention to provide a method of making stainless steel wire which has better ductility, higher torsional properties and higher tensile strength than normally processed wire.
Another object is to provide a method of making a stainless steel wire rope with wire having high torsional properties and high tensile strength.
A still further object is to provide a stainless steel wire product having good ductility, high torsional properties and high tensile strength.
These and other objects will be more apparent after referring to the following specification.
According to my invention, I start with an elongated austenitic stainless steel member having the composition disclosed above and which has been processed in the usual manner. This member may be a hot rolled rod which has been cooled after hot rolling in such a manner that it is essentially in an annealed state, or it may be processed wire which has been annealed in the usual manner. I first subject this member to a cold drawing step in which its cross-sectional area is reduced between 30 and 75%. I find it necessary to have a minimum reduction of 30% in order that the product will not be too brittle for the further drawing operation discussed below. On the other hand, if the reduction is above 75%, costs will increase due to drawing difiiculties and heat treating without obtaining any further improvement. The drawn member is then stress relieved at a temperature between 850 and 1200 F. Subsequently, it is subjected to a second cold drawing step in which its crosssectional area is reduced at least 40%. The total reduction in the two drawing steps must be at least 85 of the cross sectional area of the starting member.
When using my improved wire in the manufacture of wire rope, I find it desirable to make the wire rope in 'ice the usual manner and then to stress relieve it at a temperature of between 850 and 1200 F. For some other uses of the wire it is also desirable to stress relieve the wire in this manner after the second reduction.
One particular rope has been made as follows:
A Type 304 annealed wire of .135" diameter was given a reduction to .068" and was then stress relieved for 6 hours at 925 F. This wire was then given a 75% reduction to a diameter of .034" so that there was an overall reduction in area of approximately 93.7%. The wire so produced had a tensile strength of 344,000 pounds per square inch and 76 twists in 8". This Wire was then' processed in the usual manner to make a Regular Lay 6 x 36 wire rope with an independent wire rope core, and the wire rope so formed was then stress relieved by heating it to a temperature of 1000 F. This wire rope had a breaking strength of 67,000 pounds. A similar wire rope, without the final stress relieving step, had a breaking strength of 55,000 pounds. This compares with a breaking strength of 44,000 pounds for a similar rope processed in a conventional manner.
The wire produced above, when given a final stress relief at 1000 F., had a tensile strength of 358,000 p.s.i. and 93 twists in 8". A wire of the same size and composition produced in a conventional manner had a tensile strength of 290,000 pounds per square inch and between 14 and 40 turns in 8".
I have found that wire reduced by drawing according to my invention will have a minimum tensile strength of 300,000 pounds per square inch and can be given a minimum of 25 twists in a length of wire times the wire diameter, before breaking. The tensile strength will increase as the amount of total reduction increases. In all cases the torsion properties will be at least as good as the minimum stated above. Other examples of Type 304 stainless wires made according to my invention, without a final stress relieving are as follows:
While one embodiment of my invention has been shown and described it will be apparent that other adaptations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the following claims.
I claim:
1. The method of making stainless steel wire having high torsional properties, good ductility and high tensile strength which comprises providing an elongated austenitic stainless steel member containing 17 to 20% chromium, 7 to 10% nickel and .03 to .70% carbon, cold drawing said member to reduce its cross sectional area between 30 and 75%, then stress relieving said drawn member at a temperature of between 850 and 1200 F., then cold drawing said member to reduce its cross sectional area at least 40% with the total reduction being at least 85% of the cross sectional area of the starting member.
2. The method of making stainless steel wire accord ing to claim 1 including the step of stress relieving the member after the second drawing at a temperature between 859 and 1200 F.
3. The method of claim 1 including the step of stranding wires together after the second drawing step to produce a wire rope.
4. The method of claim 3 including the step of stress relieving the wire rope at a temperature between 850 and 1200 F.
3 4 5. Stainless steel Wire containing 17 to 20% chromium, 3,035,403 5/1962 Grimes et al. 57l45 7 to 10% nickel and .03 to .70% carbon, said wire 3,070,871 1/1963 Ryckebosch. having a minimum tensile strength of 300,000 lbs. per 3,217,833 11/1965 Peterson 6t 57-466 XR sq. in. and capable of withstanding at least 25 twists in OTHER REFERENCES 21 length of Wire 100 times the wire diameter.
6. A fatigue resistant wire rope made of stainless steel Publication: Edwards How Edwards Wire Rope Is Made, published June 1955. Original in group wires of claim 5.
References Cited 366 class; 57/145 UNITED STATES PATENT FRANK J. COHEN, Primary Examiner. 2.40 6 /194 Kr n 7 R w. H. SCHROEDER, Assistant Examiner.
2,767,836 10/1956 Nachtmann 72286 XR
US533116A 1966-02-11 1966-02-11 Stainless steel wire products and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US3395528A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US533116A US3395528A (en) 1966-02-11 1966-02-11 Stainless steel wire products and method of making the same
GB4446/67A GB1129869A (en) 1966-02-11 1967-01-30 Stainless steel wire products and method of making the same
DE1967U0013510 DE1558669B2 (en) 1966-02-11 1967-01-30 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING STAINLESS STEEL WIRE
BE693701D BE693701A (en) 1966-02-11 1967-02-06
JP748067A JPS543805B1 (en) 1966-02-11 1967-02-07
FR93910A FR1510513A (en) 1966-02-11 1967-02-07 Stainless steel wire drawing products and process for making them

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US533116A US3395528A (en) 1966-02-11 1966-02-11 Stainless steel wire products and method of making the same

Publications (1)

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US3395528A true US3395528A (en) 1968-08-06

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US (1) US3395528A (en)
JP (1) JPS543805B1 (en)
BE (1) BE693701A (en)
DE (1) DE1558669B2 (en)
FR (1) FR1510513A (en)
GB (1) GB1129869A (en)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962898A (en) * 1973-04-21 1976-06-15 Berkenhoff & Drebes Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Apparatus for the manufacture of wire
USRE28964E (en) * 1970-09-21 1976-09-14 Brunswick Corporation Ultrahigh strength steels
US4176513A (en) * 1976-09-07 1979-12-04 Dunlop Limited Steel wire cord
US4182106A (en) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-08 Cablestrand Elastically deformable wire
US4473995A (en) * 1983-02-01 1984-10-02 Southwire Company Concentric compressed double twist stranded cable
US4515000A (en) * 1982-09-17 1985-05-07 Robvon Backing Ring Company Method for manufacturing consumable welding spacer
US4653259A (en) * 1984-08-14 1987-03-31 Bridgestone Corporation Reinforcement for rubber and method of making same
EP0222166A1 (en) * 1985-10-11 1987-05-20 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited High-strength conductors and process for manufacturing same
US5994647A (en) * 1997-05-02 1999-11-30 General Science And Technology Corp. Electrical cables having low resistance and methods of making same
US6019736A (en) * 1995-11-06 2000-02-01 Francisco J. Avellanet Guidewire for catheter
US6049042A (en) * 1997-05-02 2000-04-11 Avellanet; Francisco J. Electrical cables and methods of making same
US6137060A (en) * 1997-05-02 2000-10-24 General Science And Technology Corp Multifilament drawn radiopaque highly elastic cables and methods of making the same
US6215073B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-04-10 General Science And Technology Corp Multifilament nickel-titanium alloy drawn superelastic wire
US6260343B1 (en) 1998-05-01 2001-07-17 Wire Rope Corporation Of America, Incorporated High-strength, fatigue resistant strands and wire ropes
US6313409B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-11-06 General Science And Technology Corp Electrical conductors and methods of making same
US20010045411A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-11-29 Bailey Edwin C. High tensile strength stainless steel screen and method of making thereof
US6399886B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2002-06-04 General Science & Technology Corp. Multifilament drawn radiopaque high elastic cables and methods of making the same
US6449834B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2002-09-17 Scilogy Corp. Electrical conductor coils and methods of making same
WO2012050997A1 (en) * 2010-10-11 2012-04-19 Wireco Worldgroup Inc. Four strand blackened wire rope

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4581078A (en) * 1984-07-30 1986-04-08 Morgan Construction Company Method for rolling and heat treating small diameter stainless steel rod
JP6093549B2 (en) * 2012-10-29 2017-03-08 株式会社ハイレックスコーポレーション Stainless steel wire for operation

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2400866A (en) * 1941-11-08 1946-05-21 United Drill And Tool Corp Method of drawing metal stock
US2767836A (en) * 1955-06-27 1956-10-23 Lasalle Steel Co Process of extruding steel
US3035403A (en) * 1961-06-06 1962-05-22 United States Steel Corp Stranded wire structures
US3070871A (en) * 1960-01-06 1963-01-01 Bekaert Steel Cord S A Cut steel reinforcing wire
US3217838A (en) * 1963-03-04 1965-11-16 American Chain & Cable Co Energy absorbing device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2400866A (en) * 1941-11-08 1946-05-21 United Drill And Tool Corp Method of drawing metal stock
US2767836A (en) * 1955-06-27 1956-10-23 Lasalle Steel Co Process of extruding steel
US3070871A (en) * 1960-01-06 1963-01-01 Bekaert Steel Cord S A Cut steel reinforcing wire
US3035403A (en) * 1961-06-06 1962-05-22 United States Steel Corp Stranded wire structures
US3217838A (en) * 1963-03-04 1965-11-16 American Chain & Cable Co Energy absorbing device

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE28964E (en) * 1970-09-21 1976-09-14 Brunswick Corporation Ultrahigh strength steels
US3962898A (en) * 1973-04-21 1976-06-15 Berkenhoff & Drebes Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Apparatus for the manufacture of wire
US4176513A (en) * 1976-09-07 1979-12-04 Dunlop Limited Steel wire cord
US4182106A (en) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-08 Cablestrand Elastically deformable wire
US4515000A (en) * 1982-09-17 1985-05-07 Robvon Backing Ring Company Method for manufacturing consumable welding spacer
US4473995A (en) * 1983-02-01 1984-10-02 Southwire Company Concentric compressed double twist stranded cable
US4653259A (en) * 1984-08-14 1987-03-31 Bridgestone Corporation Reinforcement for rubber and method of making same
EP0222166A1 (en) * 1985-10-11 1987-05-20 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited High-strength conductors and process for manufacturing same
US6019736A (en) * 1995-11-06 2000-02-01 Francisco J. Avellanet Guidewire for catheter
US6049042A (en) * 1997-05-02 2000-04-11 Avellanet; Francisco J. Electrical cables and methods of making same
US5994647A (en) * 1997-05-02 1999-11-30 General Science And Technology Corp. Electrical cables having low resistance and methods of making same
US6137060A (en) * 1997-05-02 2000-10-24 General Science And Technology Corp Multifilament drawn radiopaque highly elastic cables and methods of making the same
US6215073B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-04-10 General Science And Technology Corp Multifilament nickel-titanium alloy drawn superelastic wire
US6248955B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-06-19 General Science And Technology Corp Electrical cables having low resistance and methods of making the same
US6313409B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2001-11-06 General Science And Technology Corp Electrical conductors and methods of making same
US6399886B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2002-06-04 General Science & Technology Corp. Multifilament drawn radiopaque high elastic cables and methods of making the same
US6449834B1 (en) 1997-05-02 2002-09-17 Scilogy Corp. Electrical conductor coils and methods of making same
US6260343B1 (en) 1998-05-01 2001-07-17 Wire Rope Corporation Of America, Incorporated High-strength, fatigue resistant strands and wire ropes
US20010045411A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-11-29 Bailey Edwin C. High tensile strength stainless steel screen and method of making thereof
US20040050758A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2004-03-18 Bailey Edwin C. High tensile strength stainless steel screen and method of making thereof
WO2012050997A1 (en) * 2010-10-11 2012-04-19 Wireco Worldgroup Inc. Four strand blackened wire rope
US8438826B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2013-05-14 Wireco Worldgroup Inc. Four strand blackened wire rope

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1558669A1 (en) 1970-04-23
BE693701A (en) 1967-08-07
FR1510513A (en) 1968-01-19
GB1129869A (en) 1968-10-09
JPS543805B1 (en) 1979-02-27
DE1558669B2 (en) 1977-04-21

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Owner name: BRIDON AMERICAN CORPORATION A CORP OF NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION A CORP OF DE;REEL/FRAME:004252/0849

Effective date: 19840330