US3398935A - Mixing means - Google Patents
Mixing means Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3398935A US3398935A US354686A US35468664A US3398935A US 3398935 A US3398935 A US 3398935A US 354686 A US354686 A US 354686A US 35468664 A US35468664 A US 35468664A US 3398935 A US3398935 A US 3398935A
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- Prior art keywords
- mixing
- gas
- container
- liquid
- constituents
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/40—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes
- B01F33/407—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes by blowing gas on the material from above
Definitions
- This invention relates to a means and a method of mixing materials and more specifically mixing without introducing a foreign element into a mixture.
- This manner of mixing may contaminate the mixture and create a false indication in analysis, or a variable rate in the chemical reaction or some other undesirable result. Accordingly it is desirable to provide a mixing means whereby no foreign element is introduced into the mixture and the mixing is accomplished by inducing movement of the fluids through fluid friction thereby providing an even more rapid mixing means.
- the objects of this invention are accomplished by providing a container for a number of constituents preferably including a liquid of low viscosity.
- the constituents are placed in the container and a whirling mass of pressurized gas is then directed on the surface of the liquid.
- the whirling mass of gas induces the whirling rotation of the liquid in the container causing a vortex in the liquid and a thorough and rapid mixing of the constituents.
- the vortex of gas may be created by atangential positioned gas jet, or helical orifice means centrally located in the container to create a vortex mixing operation.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a container and means for supplying the constituents to be mixed.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a tangential gas jet inducing fluid friction in the mixture.
- FIG. 3 illustrates helical orifices inducing the gas vortex and through fluid friction creating a liquid vortex for mixing.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a sectional view of a helical orifice means.
- the container 1 is positioned for reception of a mixture of constituents 2 and 3.
- the number of constituents is immaterial, a means is illustrated for supplying a mixture to the container which may be introduced through the conduit 4 or other conduits which may be reciprocated in and out of the container 1 as indicated by the arrow 5.
- the conduit 4 or others are withdrawn from the container.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the container 1 containing the constituents.
- a tube 6 connected to a source of pressurized gas is introduced into the container adjacent the upper surface of the mixture.
- the mixture preferably includes a liquid of low viscosity which is capable of movement when a gas is directed in a circulating manner on the upper surface of the liquid.
- the jet 7 creates a whirling mass of gas on the upper surface of the mixture which drags the surface of the liquid with the circular motion and thus induces by fluid friction a vortex in the mixture 8.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a tube 9 which may be reciprocated in and out of the container in the manner indicated by the arrow 10 to introduce pressurized gas.
- the pressurized gas is directed downwardly against the upper surface of the fluid 11.
- the gas forms a vortex which also induces a vortex as illustrated in the liquid 11.
- the variable rate of circulation of the various layers in the liquid 11 is created by the rotating vortex axially within the tube and a stationary condition of the container walls on the peripheral engaging portion of the liquid 11.
- the vortex created in the liquid 11 rapidly mixes the constituents.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a section view of the end portion of the hollow tube 9.
- a plurality of helical orifices 12 passing through a solid cylindrical portion impart a whirling axial motion to the gas as it leaves the orifices. This whirling motion creates a vortex of gas which induces through fluid friction a vortex in the liquid.
- the device as illustrated operates in the following described manner.
- the constituents of a mixture are introduced in FIG. 1 within the container 1.
- the tube 6 or 9 is then introduced into the open end of the container and creates a whirling mass of gas which engages the fluid surface causing the gas to drag the surface of the liquid in a circular motion.
- the greater the pressure the greater the rate of motion and the more rapid the mixing of the liquid.
- the liquid Within the container rotates to form a vortex.
- the various layers intermediate the gas contacting surface and the liquid contacting the peripheral walls of the container are rotated at varying rates to create a thorough mixing throughout the liquid.
- the methods set forth are substantially the same whereby the constituents are introduced into the container and then the vortex of gas is formed within the container and a vortex within the liquid is then induced through fluid friction between the gas and the liquid.
- Apparatus for mixing a sample containing at least one low viscosity liquid material comprising in combination:
- open top container means for holding a sample to be mixed
- conduit means for introducing separate sample constituents to be mixed into the container means
- a mixing tube connected to a source of mixing gas, said mixing tube including helical passage means for the mixing gas;
- the mixing tube comprises a substantially solid cylinder portion having multiple helix-shaped passages of uniform flow area, and a hollow tube member surrounding the cylinder portion and connected to the supply means for pressurized mixing gas to the cylinder portion.
- conduit means may be reciprocated through the open top container means.
Description
MEANS POSITIONING SUWLYING PRESSURIZED GAS MIXING MEANS &
MEANS POSITIONING MIXING MEANS & SUPFLYIN PRESSURIZED GAS MEANS SUPPLYING CONSTITUENTS TO BE MIXED D. v. LIVESEY ET 3,398,935
MIXING MEANS Filed March 25, 1964 FIG. 3
FIG. 4
FIG. 2
FIG. I
DONALD V. I. E E KENNETH A SIEOV I INVENTORS I BY p nroauats United States Patent 3,398,935 MIXING MEANS Donald V. Livesey, Irondequoit, and Kenneth A. Snow,
Greece, N.Y., assignors to Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Rochester, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Mar. 25, 1964, Ser. No. 354,686 3 Claims. (Cl. 259-18) This invention relates to a means and a method of mixing materials and more specifically mixing without introducing a foreign element into a mixture.
The mixing of constituents for chemical reactions, chemical analysis, or mixtures in general has been accomplished by using a stirring element to uniformly distribute the constituents.
This manner of mixing may contaminate the mixture and create a false indication in analysis, or a variable rate in the chemical reaction or some other undesirable result. Accordingly it is desirable to provide a mixing means whereby no foreign element is introduced into the mixture and the mixing is accomplished by inducing movement of the fluids through fluid friction thereby providing an even more rapid mixing means.
It is an object of this invention to provide a mixing by inducing friction between the constituents and causing a rotary or random movement in the mixture.
It is another object of this invention to provide a mixing of the constituents by inducing the fluid friction to the mixture by a whirling mass of pressurized gas.
It is a further object of this invention to create a vortex of a gas to induce a vortex of liquid and through fluid friction provide a rapid and thorough mixing of constituents.
The objects of this invention are accomplished by providing a container for a number of constituents preferably including a liquid of low viscosity. The constituents are placed in the container and a whirling mass of pressurized gas is then directed on the surface of the liquid. The whirling mass of gas induces the whirling rotation of the liquid in the container causing a vortex in the liquid and a thorough and rapid mixing of the constituents. The vortex of gas may be created by atangential positioned gas jet, or helical orifice means centrally located in the container to create a vortex mixing operation.
The preferred embodiments of this invention are described in the following paragraphs and illustrated in the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 illustrates a container and means for supplying the constituents to be mixed.
FIG. 2 illustrates a tangential gas jet inducing fluid friction in the mixture.
FIG. 3 illustrates helical orifices inducing the gas vortex and through fluid friction creating a liquid vortex for mixing.
FIG. 4 illustrates a sectional view of a helical orifice means.
Referring to FIG. 1 the container 1 is positioned for reception of a mixture of constituents 2 and 3. The number of constituents is immaterial, a means is illustrated for supplying a mixture to the container which may be introduced through the conduit 4 or other conduits which may be reciprocated in and out of the container 1 as indicated by the arrow 5. When the desired amount of constituents are placed in the container 1 the conduit 4 or others are withdrawn from the container.
FIG. 2 illustrates the container 1 containing the constituents. A tube 6 connected to a source of pressurized gas is introduced into the container adjacent the upper surface of the mixture. The mixture preferably includes a liquid of low viscosity which is capable of movement when a gas is directed in a circulating manner on the upper surface of the liquid. The jet 7 creates a whirling mass of gas on the upper surface of the mixture which drags the surface of the liquid with the circular motion and thus induces by fluid friction a vortex in the mixture 8.
FIG. 3 illustrates a tube 9 which may be reciprocated in and out of the container in the manner indicated by the arrow 10 to introduce pressurized gas. The pressurized gas is directed downwardly against the upper surface of the fluid 11. The gas forms a vortex which also induces a vortex as illustrated in the liquid 11. The variable rate of circulation of the various layers in the liquid 11 is created by the rotating vortex axially within the tube and a stationary condition of the container walls on the peripheral engaging portion of the liquid 11. The vortex created in the liquid 11 rapidly mixes the constituents.
FIG. 4 illustrates a section view of the end portion of the hollow tube 9. A plurality of helical orifices 12 passing through a solid cylindrical portion impart a whirling axial motion to the gas as it leaves the orifices. This whirling motion creates a vortex of gas which induces through fluid friction a vortex in the liquid.
The device as illustrated operates in the following described manner. The constituents of a mixture are introduced in FIG. 1 within the container 1. The tube 6 or 9 is then introduced into the open end of the container and creates a whirling mass of gas which engages the fluid surface causing the gas to drag the surface of the liquid in a circular motion. The greater the pressure the greater the rate of motion and the more rapid the mixing of the liquid. The liquid Within the container rotates to form a vortex. The various layers intermediate the gas contacting surface and the liquid contacting the peripheral walls of the container are rotated at varying rates to create a thorough mixing throughout the liquid.
The methods set forth are substantially the same whereby the constituents are introduced into the container and then the vortex of gas is formed within the container and a vortex within the liquid is then induced through fluid friction between the gas and the liquid.
The preferred embodiments of this invention are illustrated and described and it is understood that other embodiments might be devised which would fall within the scope of this invention which is defined by the attached claims.
We claim:
1. Apparatus for mixing a sample containing at least one low viscosity liquid material comprising in combination:
open top container means for holding a sample to be mixed;
conduit means for introducing separate sample constituents to be mixed into the container means;
a mixing tube connected to a source of mixing gas, said mixing tube including helical passage means for the mixing gas;
means for positioning the mixing tube vertically with respect to the sample; and
means for supplying pressurized mixing gas and flowing mixing gas from the helical passage means onto the sample surface in a vortex flow pattern to induce mixing of the sample constituents.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the mixing tube comprises a substantially solid cylinder portion having multiple helix-shaped passages of uniform flow area, and a hollow tube member surrounding the cylinder portion and connected to the supply means for pressurized mixing gas to the cylinder portion.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the conduit means may be reciprocated through the open top container means.
Fontein et a1. 2594 Mead 259--4 Manka 2594 X Martin et a1 2594 Hopkins 261-119 X Rumrnel.
10 WALTER A. SCHEEL, Primary Examiner.
J. M. BELL, Assistant Examiner.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US354686A US3398935A (en) | 1964-03-25 | 1964-03-25 | Mixing means |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US354686A US3398935A (en) | 1964-03-25 | 1964-03-25 | Mixing means |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3398935A true US3398935A (en) | 1968-08-27 |
Family
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US354686A Expired - Lifetime US3398935A (en) | 1964-03-25 | 1964-03-25 | Mixing means |
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Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4287933A (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1981-09-08 | Korf-Stahl Ag | Continuous casting method with rotary melt movement |
US4529706A (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1985-07-16 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Method of stirring |
WO1985003571A1 (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1985-08-15 | Hulette William C | Clinical analysis systems and methods |
EP0176014A2 (en) * | 1984-09-22 | 1986-04-02 | Eppendorf-Netheler-Hinz Gmbh | Method and device for mixing a liquid sample to be analysed |
US4597944A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1986-07-01 | Cottingham Hugh V | Agglutination reagent detection system |
WO1987004943A1 (en) * | 1984-11-09 | 1987-08-27 | Zymark Corporation | Control of laboratory evaporation |
WO1987006618A1 (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1987-11-05 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Clinical analyses methods and systems |
US4707452A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1987-11-17 | Zymark Corporation | Laboratory evaporation |
US4759634A (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1988-07-26 | Jede-Automater Ab | Beverage preparing and dispensing apparatus |
EP0281958A2 (en) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-14 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Device for controlling the temperature and mixing the contents of the vessels of a micro-titration plate |
US4957010A (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1990-09-18 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Method and apparatus for determining particle size distribution |
US5052813A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1991-10-01 | Brian Latto | Tube type vortex ring mixers |
US5080868A (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1992-01-14 | Elgas David H | Sparger assembly |
US5246632A (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1993-09-21 | Wentworth Fred Albert Jr | Circulatory ion vapor generator and method |
EP0589363A1 (en) | 1992-09-25 | 1994-03-30 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Method and device for automatic mixing without contact of a reaction mixture in a analysing device |
US6264895B1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2001-07-24 | Robert S. Johnson | Evaporator |
WO2003051516A1 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-06-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Desiccator system having modular elements |
US20040121484A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-24 | Tomas Betancourt | Method and apparatus for mixing blood samples for cell analysis |
US6827901B2 (en) | 1990-03-02 | 2004-12-07 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Automated biological reaction apparatus |
US20060085140A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2006-04-20 | Gordon Feingold | Information notification sample processing system and methods of biological slide processing |
US20080113450A1 (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2008-05-15 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | Method and device for mixing samples on a support |
JP2013150949A (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-08 | Sangi Co Ltd | Powder dispersion apparatus and method of producing fine powder |
WO2013158312A1 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | Hyclone Laboratories, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for gas stream mass transfer with a liquid |
WO2017012494A1 (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-26 | 马惠馨 | Pneumatic wine aerator and shaking type wine aeration kettle provided with same |
US11300093B2 (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2022-04-12 | Henry Obermeyer | Reversible pump-turbine installation |
Citations (6)
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US2208673A (en) * | 1939-03-03 | 1940-07-23 | Samuel E Hopkins | Air cleaner for gas engines |
US2653801A (en) * | 1950-10-13 | 1953-09-29 | Stamicarbon | Process and apparatus for dispersing a substance in a liquid |
US2795403A (en) * | 1954-10-28 | 1957-06-11 | William H Mead | Slurry mixing method and apparatus |
US2831754A (en) * | 1954-05-10 | 1958-04-22 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Solvent extraction process |
US3015554A (en) * | 1957-04-18 | 1962-01-02 | Rummel Roman | Method and device for carrying out metallurgical processes, particularly air refining processes |
US3212757A (en) * | 1963-01-07 | 1965-10-19 | Martin Ernest Newell | Mixing and aerating apparatus |
-
1964
- 1964-03-25 US US354686A patent/US3398935A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2208673A (en) * | 1939-03-03 | 1940-07-23 | Samuel E Hopkins | Air cleaner for gas engines |
US2653801A (en) * | 1950-10-13 | 1953-09-29 | Stamicarbon | Process and apparatus for dispersing a substance in a liquid |
US2831754A (en) * | 1954-05-10 | 1958-04-22 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Solvent extraction process |
US2795403A (en) * | 1954-10-28 | 1957-06-11 | William H Mead | Slurry mixing method and apparatus |
US3015554A (en) * | 1957-04-18 | 1962-01-02 | Rummel Roman | Method and device for carrying out metallurgical processes, particularly air refining processes |
US3212757A (en) * | 1963-01-07 | 1965-10-19 | Martin Ernest Newell | Mixing and aerating apparatus |
Cited By (61)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4287933A (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1981-09-08 | Korf-Stahl Ag | Continuous casting method with rotary melt movement |
US4529706A (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1985-07-16 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Method of stirring |
US4597944A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1986-07-01 | Cottingham Hugh V | Agglutination reagent detection system |
WO1985003571A1 (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1985-08-15 | Hulette William C | Clinical analysis systems and methods |
US4664526A (en) * | 1984-09-22 | 1987-05-12 | Peter Scheffler | Process and apparatus for mixing a liquid sample to be analyzed |
EP0176014A3 (en) * | 1984-09-22 | 1987-04-29 | Eppendorf Geratebau Netheler + Hinz Gmbh | Method and device for mining a liquid sample to be analysed |
EP0176014A2 (en) * | 1984-09-22 | 1986-04-02 | Eppendorf-Netheler-Hinz Gmbh | Method and device for mixing a liquid sample to be analysed |
US4707452A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1987-11-17 | Zymark Corporation | Laboratory evaporation |
WO1987004943A1 (en) * | 1984-11-09 | 1987-08-27 | Zymark Corporation | Control of laboratory evaporation |
US4759634A (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1988-07-26 | Jede-Automater Ab | Beverage preparing and dispensing apparatus |
WO1987006618A1 (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1987-11-05 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Clinical analyses methods and systems |
US4815978A (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1989-03-28 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Clinical analysis methods and systems |
EP0281958A2 (en) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-14 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Device for controlling the temperature and mixing the contents of the vessels of a micro-titration plate |
EP0281958A3 (en) * | 1987-03-07 | 1989-03-22 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Device for controlling the temperature and mixing the contents of the vessels of a micro-titration plate |
US5052813A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1991-10-01 | Brian Latto | Tube type vortex ring mixers |
US4957010A (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1990-09-18 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Method and apparatus for determining particle size distribution |
US6827901B2 (en) | 1990-03-02 | 2004-12-07 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Automated biological reaction apparatus |
US7118918B2 (en) | 1990-03-02 | 2006-10-10 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Automated biological reaction method |
US7470541B2 (en) | 1990-03-02 | 2008-12-30 | Ventana Medical System, Inc. | Automated biological reaction apparatus |
US6943029B2 (en) | 1990-03-02 | 2005-09-13 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Automated biological reaction apparatus |
US20050153453A1 (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 2005-07-14 | Ventana Medical Systems, Inc. | Automated biological reaction apparatus |
US5080868A (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1992-01-14 | Elgas David H | Sparger assembly |
US5246632A (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1993-09-21 | Wentworth Fred Albert Jr | Circulatory ion vapor generator and method |
US5362147A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-11-08 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Method and apparatus for the contactless automatic mixing of a reaction mixture in an analysis unit |
EP0589363A1 (en) | 1992-09-25 | 1994-03-30 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Method and device for automatic mixing without contact of a reaction mixture in a analysing device |
US6264895B1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2001-07-24 | Robert S. Johnson | Evaporator |
WO2003051516A1 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-06-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Desiccator system having modular elements |
US20040121484A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-24 | Tomas Betancourt | Method and apparatus for mixing blood samples for cell analysis |
US8323984B2 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2012-12-04 | Beckman Coulter, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mixing blood samples for cell analysis |
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