US3426363A - Composite length of pile fabric sheet material - Google Patents

Composite length of pile fabric sheet material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3426363A
US3426363A US433341A US3426363DA US3426363A US 3426363 A US3426363 A US 3426363A US 433341 A US433341 A US 433341A US 3426363D A US3426363D A US 3426363DA US 3426363 A US3426363 A US 3426363A
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Prior art keywords
length
sheet material
hooking elements
loops
elements
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US433341A
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Laurent H Girard
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American Velcro Inc
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American Velcro Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/022—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
    • B29C66/0224—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping with removal of material
    • B29C66/02245—Abrading, e.g. grinding, sanding, sandblasting or scraping
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
    • A41D27/24—Hems; Seams
    • A41D27/245—Hems; Seams made by welding or gluing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/729—Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/524—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive by applying the adhesive from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface of the part to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4324—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms for making closed loops, e.g. belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2029/00—Belts or bands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/765—Articles provided with piles, e g. nap on cloth
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/27—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc. including readily dissociable fastener having numerous, protruding, unitary filaments randomly interlocking with, and simultaneously moving towards, mating structure [e.g., hook-loop type fastener]
    • Y10T24/2775—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc. including readily dissociable fastener having numerous, protruding, unitary filaments randomly interlocking with, and simultaneously moving towards, mating structure [e.g., hook-loop type fastener] having opposed structure formed from distinct filaments of diverse shape to those mating therewith
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24008—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including fastener for attaching to external surface
    • Y10T428/24017—Hook or barb

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of joining together lengths of sheet material, at least one of which is pile fabric sheet material of the type having a pile surface of hooking elements extending from one surface, and to the product resulting therefrom.
  • the pile fabric of this invention is generally described in U.S. Patent No. 3,009,235.
  • the pile fabric sheet material consists of a base of sheet material which has a surface defined by hooking elements secured thereto in positions extending generally vertically from one surface of the base of sheet material to which they are secured.
  • the hooking elements can be formed from a flexible resilient material into either hooks or loops of the type characterized by the property that by pressing of a surface defined by said hooks in face-to-face adhesive relation with a surface defined by said loops will result in a large number of hooks engaging a large number of loops to secure the members in face-to-face relation.
  • the resilient hooking elements would not provide a flush surface between which a seam could be effected and the bulk and resiliency of the hooking elements would resist attempts to compress the elements if an effort were made to form a flush lap seam therebetween; also, if a seam were effected in this way the thickness of the seam would be objectionable in the finished product. Similar problems attend attempts to join lengths of pile elements to a length of other sheet material.
  • the product formed is a composite length of two joined 3,426,363 Patented Feb. 11, 1969 "ice lengths of sheet material, at least one of which is the type having a surface of hooking elements as described above.
  • the composite length is comprised of a first length of sheet material having one surface defined by said hooking elements with a fiat marginal end portion of said first length being substantially free of said hooking elements.
  • a second length of sheet material which also can have one surface defined by said hooking elements with its hooking elements extending in the same general direction as said first length and its back marginal end portion opposite to the surface on which the pile elements extend overlapping the flat marginal end portion and joined thereto in interfacial adhesive contact whereby the two lengths are joined and define together a substantially continuous surface of hooking elements.
  • the hooking elements in the composite length can be all hooks or all loops, or loops on one length and hooks on the other length.
  • the method is particularly useful in manufacturing operations for making more extended lengths of pile fabric than are possible with weaving machines presently in use, it also has particularly novel applications when a length containing books as the hooking elements and a length containing loops as the hooking elements are joined to form a composite structure which is attachable to itself to form a closed loop. Simple attachment of a buckle to the end of one length gives this unique strap arrangement which has many holding and fastening uses. Similar products can be formed by combining alternate intermediate lengths of hooks and loops in various sequences.
  • lengths of non-pile sheet material can be joined with a sheet of pile fabric according to the invention Where required.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of the successive steps in the continuous formation of joined lengths of pile fabric sheet material
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken along lines 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a section taken along lines 33 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a section taken along lines 44 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a section taken along the seam between two lengths of sheet material having hooks as hooking elements
  • FIG. 6 is a section taken along lines 6-6 of FIG. 8 at the seam between two lengths of sheet material one having loops as hooking elements and the other having books as hooking elements;
  • FIG. 7 is a section taken along the seam between two lengths of sheet material having loops as hooking elements.
  • FIG. 8 is a composite buckle and strap device in which a length of sheet material having hooks is joined to a length of material having loops.
  • the base material 10 is generally formed of a number of firmly woven weft threads and warp threads.
  • the hooking elements 11, which can comprise either hooks 12 or loops, are generally formed from supplementary warp threads in the weaving operation.
  • the base material and the booking elements are also preferably formed from artificial material such as nylon or some other material capable of being set by heat into a predetermined form.
  • the base material can be a sheet of synthetic material, for example a resinous plastic material, and the selection of material used either for the base material or for the hooking elements can be varied in the many ways generally known in the art such as those described in the patent referred to above.
  • the base material is a woven nylon fabric and the booking elements 11 are formed from nylon as a supplementary warp thread in the weaving operation.
  • the hooking elements are held in position by a polyurethane resin deposited at the base of the booking elements and impregnated into the interestices of the fabric by a solvent extraction process. This resin serves to hold the hooking elements in their upright position during the life of the fabric including laundering and drycleaning operations.
  • the schematic presentation in FIG. 1 is for a continuous operation of joining lengths of this type of pile fabric sheet material.
  • a length of sheet material 15 is longitudinally passed through a series of stations.
  • a marginal end portion 17 of a trailing end of a longitudinally advancing length of sheet material 15 is positioned under a grinding wheel 18 to grind or skive the booking elements from the marginal end portion.
  • the grinding wheels used consisted of a vitrified bonded aluminum oxide or silicone carbide with a coarse to medium grain size abrasive which was run at surface speeds of 2750-6500 ft. per minute.
  • the length of sheet material was then passed to a second station 20 where an adhesive deposit 21 was applied to the flat marginal end portion 17 by means of an adhesive applicator 22.
  • the selection of the adhesive must involve a consideration of the materials at the interface between the 'two lengths.
  • the base material is nylon and the surface of the base material in back of that from which the pile elements extend is essentially a nylon surface.
  • the base material was impregnated with a polyurethane resin to hold the pile elements upright and after skiving the flat marginal end portion 17 is substantially defined by this resin.
  • an adhesive seal must be effected between a nylon and a polyurethane surface.
  • One adhesive which can effect the desired bond is a synthetic rubber resin, solvent type adhesive, Velcro- (tradename of American Velcro, Inc.), This adhesive contains approximately 20-28% by weight solids.
  • the solids are comprised of 40-60% by weight butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer rubber and 60-40% by weight of a vinyl resin which is a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
  • the solvent comprised approximately 5050% mixture of acetone and methylethylketone. The ingredients were blended to form a liquid adhesive.
  • the adhesive is applied to the skived marginal end portion 17 in liquid form and then is immediately passed to the next station in the operation.
  • This first adhesive is useful for most applications as it provides a bond strength of about 160 pounds and has a melting temperature of about 175 F. This strength and melting temperature permit its use in most normal applications as it will withstand all normal laundering and dry cleaning operations.
  • Another example of an adhesive which can be used in bonding the pile fabric described is a phenolic adhesive Cycleweld l-C-6 tape (tradename of Chrysler Corporation, Chemical Division). This adhesive is in tape form of thicknesses of .0035 inch and when used in this application should be used in double thickness.
  • This second adhesive gives higher bond strength in the order of 350 pounds and has a melting point of about 325 F. If the joined fabric is to be used in the medical field where the fabric might be subjected to an autoclaving operation, the second adhesive should be used because of its higher melting point.
  • the length sheet material is then transferred to a heat sealing station 23.
  • the leading marginal end portion 24 of a second length 25 of pile fabric is lapped over the adhesive coated skived marginal end portion 17 of the first length 15 of pile fabric so that the hooking elements of each length extend in the same direction.
  • the back marginal end portion opposite to surface from which the pile elements extend are placed in flush adhesive contact over the skived marginal end portion 17 with the adhesive 21 therebetween.
  • a pair of oppositely positioned heating elements 26 and 26' which are heated to a temperature of about 350 F. are brought together under air pressure of about 60 p.s.i. for approximately 10 seconds.
  • the heating elements 26 and 26' are then released and upon cooling a seam 27 has been effected between the lengths 15 and 25 to form a unitary extended length of sheet material containing hooking elemerits extending in the same direction which define a substantially continuous surface along one broad face of the joined lengths.
  • a seam 27 has been effected between the lengths 15 and 25 to form a unitary extended length of sheet material containing hooking elemerits extending in the same direction which define a substantially continuous surface along one broad face of the joined lengths.
  • FIG. 5 The product resulting from the operations described in FIGS. 1 to 4 is shown in FIG. 5 where the seam 27 effected a joining of two lengths of sheet material containing hooks 28 as the hooking elements.
  • FIG. 7 the same seam can be effected between two lengths of sheet material containing loops 29 as hooking elements, or as shown in FIG. 6 a length containing hooks 30 can be joined to a length containing loops 31.
  • FIG. 8 a particularly useful product, of which FIG. 6 is a section, is shown which was formed by providing a length of sheet material 32 which has loops 31 extending from one broad face thereof and has a buckle 34, or any similar means which essentially provide a ring-like element through which the length can be inserted, attached to one end of this length 32.
  • Attached to the opposite end of the length 32 in the manner of the invention is a shorter length 33 of fabric which has hooks 30 vertically extending from one broad face as the hooking elements.
  • this composite strap can be used for many different purposes, such as an arm and leg strap for holding hospital patients, and many other uses are also immediately suggested.
  • a composite length of at least two joined lengths of sheet material at least one of which is a pile fabric sheet material of the type having a surface of hooking elements secured thereto in positions extending generally vertically from one surface of a base of sheet material to which they are secured, said hooking elements being a flexible resilient material of at least one of hooks and loops which are characterized by the property that pressing of a surface defined by said hooks in face-to-face relation with a surface defined by said loops will result in a large number of hooks engaging a large number of loops to secure the members in face-to-face relation comprising a first length of said pile fabric sheet material having one surface substantially defined by said hooking elements, a flat marginal end portion of said first length being substantially free of said hooking elements, and a second length of sheet material having a marginal end portion overlapping the fiat marginal end portion of the first sheet and joined thereto in interfacial adhesive contact, whereby the two lengths are joined and define together a composite sheet of at least two lengths of sheet material.

Description

H. GIRARD 3,426,363 COMPOSITE LENGTH OF FILE FABRIC SHEET MATERIAL Feb. 11, 1969 Filed Feb. 17, 1965 I N VENTOR. LAURENT H GIRARD ATTORNEYS United States Patent 3,426,363 COMPOSITE LENGTH OF PILE FABRIC SHEET MATERIAL Laurent H. Girard, Bedford, N.H., assignor to American Velcro Inc., a corporation of New Hampshire Filed Feb. 17, 1965, Ser. No. 433,341
U.S. Cl. 2338 6 Claims Int. Cl. A41f 3/62, 9/00, /00
This invention relates to a method of joining together lengths of sheet material, at least one of which is pile fabric sheet material of the type having a pile surface of hooking elements extending from one surface, and to the product resulting therefrom.
The pile fabric of this invention is generally described in U.S. Patent No. 3,009,235. Basically the pile fabric sheet material consists of a base of sheet material which has a surface defined by hooking elements secured thereto in positions extending generally vertically from one surface of the base of sheet material to which they are secured. The hooking elements can be formed from a flexible resilient material into either hooks or loops of the type characterized by the property that by pressing of a surface defined by said hooks in face-to-face adhesive relation with a surface defined by said loops will result in a large number of hooks engaging a large number of loops to secure the members in face-to-face relation.
In the manufacture and marketing of this type of pile fabric, it is often desirable and essential that two lengths of pile fabric be joined together lengthwise so as to form a more extended length of one type of hooking element or a composite structure of the two types of hooking elements. Many attempts have heretofore been made to join this pile fabric together without a break in the continuous pile surface formed on each of the two joined elements. Various types of butt seams have been attempted and several differently configured elements have been fixed to the abutting lengths of pile fabric for the purpose of effecting a butt seam therebetween without a break in the pile surface of the joined elements; none have been accepted as satisfactory. Obviously a lap seam could not be effected between the two lengths. The resilient hooking elements would not provide a flush surface between which a seam could be effected and the bulk and resiliency of the hooking elements would resist attempts to compress the elements if an effort were made to form a flush lap seam therebetween; also, if a seam were effected in this way the thickness of the seam would be objectionable in the finished product. Similar problems attend attempts to join lengths of pile elements to a length of other sheet material.
I have found that these elements can easily be joined together by first skiving or shaving the hooking elements down to the surface of the base material along a marginal end portion of a length of pile fabric so as to present a rather flat, smooth, marginal end portion which is substantially free from the vertically extending hooking elements. An adhesive is then applied over this fiat marginal end portion and it is then overlapped with a second length of sheet material. When the second length of sheet material is of the type having one surface defined by said hooking elements with its hooking elements extending in the same general direction as said first length, its back marginal end portion opposite to the surface on which the pile elements extend overlaps the flat marginal end portion. The two lengths positioned in this way are then heat sealed together so as to define a unitary structure of two lengths of sheet material characterized by a substantially continuous surface of hooking elements along one surface thereof.
The product formed is a composite length of two joined 3,426,363 Patented Feb. 11, 1969 "ice lengths of sheet material, at least one of which is the type having a surface of hooking elements as described above. The composite length is comprised of a first length of sheet material having one surface defined by said hooking elements with a fiat marginal end portion of said first length being substantially free of said hooking elements. A second length of sheet material which also can have one surface defined by said hooking elements with its hooking elements extending in the same general direction as said first length and its back marginal end portion opposite to the surface on which the pile elements extend overlapping the flat marginal end portion and joined thereto in interfacial adhesive contact whereby the two lengths are joined and define together a substantially continuous surface of hooking elements. Of course, the hooking elements in the composite length can be all hooks or all loops, or loops on one length and hooks on the other length.
It has been found that the resulting product will withstand longitudinal separation far better than any butt seam, and with a proper choice of adhesive it will withstand the temperatures of cleaning and laundering of ordinary fabrics and in some special applications even will withstand autoclaving operations.
Although the method is particularly useful in manufacturing operations for making more extended lengths of pile fabric than are possible with weaving machines presently in use, it also has particularly novel applications when a length containing books as the hooking elements and a length containing loops as the hooking elements are joined to form a composite structure which is attachable to itself to form a closed loop. Simple attachment of a buckle to the end of one length gives this unique strap arrangement which has many holding and fastening uses. Similar products can be formed by combining alternate intermediate lengths of hooks and loops in various sequences. Optionally, lengths of non-pile sheet material can be joined with a sheet of pile fabric according to the invention Where required.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is described hereinbelow with reference to the drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic of the successive steps in the continuous formation of joined lengths of pile fabric sheet material;
FIG. 2 is a section taken along lines 2-2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a section taken along lines 33 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a section taken along lines 44 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a section taken along the seam between two lengths of sheet material having hooks as hooking elements;
FIG. 6 is a section taken along lines 6-6 of FIG. 8 at the seam between two lengths of sheet material one having loops as hooking elements and the other having books as hooking elements;
FIG. 7 is a section taken along the seam between two lengths of sheet material having loops as hooking elements; and
FIG. 8 is a composite buckle and strap device in which a length of sheet material having hooks is joined to a length of material having loops.
As is known, the base material 10 is generally formed of a number of firmly woven weft threads and warp threads. The hooking elements 11, which can comprise either hooks 12 or loops, are generally formed from supplementary warp threads in the weaving operation. The base material and the booking elements are also preferably formed from artificial material such as nylon or some other material capable of being set by heat into a predetermined form. Once the hooking elements are formed in the known manner, they may be fixed or stabilized to retain their shape and position, generally vertically extending from the base material, by heat setting or by impregnation of the fabric by resinous plastic materials or both. Although description will be made with reference to the woven base material construction it is intended that the base material can be a sheet of synthetic material, for example a resinous plastic material, and the selection of material used either for the base material or for the hooking elements can be varied in the many ways generally known in the art such as those described in the patent referred to above.
In this preferred embodiment, however, the base material is a woven nylon fabric and the booking elements 11 are formed from nylon as a supplementary warp thread in the weaving operation. The hooking elements are held in position by a polyurethane resin deposited at the base of the booking elements and impregnated into the interestices of the fabric by a solvent extraction process. This resin serves to hold the hooking elements in their upright position during the life of the fabric including laundering and drycleaning operations.
The schematic presentation in FIG. 1 is for a continuous operation of joining lengths of this type of pile fabric sheet material. As it is fed from an unwinding device 14 or directly from the weaving machine, a length of sheet material 15 is longitudinally passed through a series of stations. At the first station 16 a marginal end portion 17 of a trailing end of a longitudinally advancing length of sheet material 15 is positioned under a grinding wheel 18 to grind or skive the booking elements from the marginal end portion. The grinding wheels used consisted of a vitrified bonded aluminum oxide or silicone carbide with a coarse to medium grain size abrasive which was run at surface speeds of 2750-6500 ft. per minute. By grinding the hooking elements to skive them from the marginal end portion 17 so that substantially no elements were extending vertically from the base material 10, a substantially fiat marginal end portion 17 was prepared on the trailing edge of this length of sheet material. When the fabric has been impregnated with a resin for holding the pile elements upright, the flat marginal end portion often has a surface coating defined by the resin, even after skiving. This is a factor to be considered in the selection of an adhesive as will be seen.
The length of sheet material was then passed to a second station 20 where an adhesive deposit 21 was applied to the flat marginal end portion 17 by means of an adhesive applicator 22. The selection of the adhesive must involve a consideration of the materials at the interface between the 'two lengths. In the example being described, the base material is nylon and the surface of the base material in back of that from which the pile elements extend is essentially a nylon surface. The base material was impregnated with a polyurethane resin to hold the pile elements upright and after skiving the flat marginal end portion 17 is substantially defined by this resin. Thus, an adhesive seal must be effected between a nylon and a polyurethane surface. One adhesive which can effect the desired bond is a synthetic rubber resin, solvent type adhesive, Velcro- (tradename of American Velcro, Inc.), This adhesive contains approximately 20-28% by weight solids. The solids are comprised of 40-60% by weight butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer rubber and 60-40% by weight of a vinyl resin which is a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. The solvent comprised approximately 5050% mixture of acetone and methylethylketone. The ingredients were blended to form a liquid adhesive. The adhesive is applied to the skived marginal end portion 17 in liquid form and then is immediately passed to the next station in the operation.
This first adhesive is useful for most applications as it provides a bond strength of about 160 pounds and has a melting temperature of about 175 F. This strength and melting temperature permit its use in most normal applications as it will withstand all normal laundering and dry cleaning operations. Another example of an adhesive which can be used in bonding the pile fabric described is a phenolic adhesive Cycleweld l-C-6 tape (tradename of Chrysler Corporation, Chemical Division). This adhesive is in tape form of thicknesses of .0035 inch and when used in this application should be used in double thickness. This second adhesive gives higher bond strength in the order of 350 pounds and has a melting point of about 325 F. If the joined fabric is to be used in the medical field where the fabric might be subjected to an autoclaving operation, the second adhesive should be used because of its higher melting point.
With the adhesive 21 applied to the skived end portion 17, the length sheet material is then transferred to a heat sealing station 23. At the heat sealing station the leading marginal end portion 24 of a second length 25 of pile fabric is lapped over the adhesive coated skived marginal end portion 17 of the first length 15 of pile fabric so that the hooking elements of each length extend in the same direction. The back marginal end portion opposite to surface from which the pile elements extend are placed in flush adhesive contact over the skived marginal end portion 17 with the adhesive 21 therebetween. A pair of oppositely positioned heating elements 26 and 26' which are heated to a temperature of about 350 F. are brought together under air pressure of about 60 p.s.i. for approximately 10 seconds. The heating elements 26 and 26' are then released and upon cooling a seam 27 has been effected between the lengths 15 and 25 to form a unitary extended length of sheet material containing hooking elemerits extending in the same direction which define a substantially continuous surface along one broad face of the joined lengths. By this method the portion of the joined length of pile fabric at which the seam is formed is increased only by a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the base material, which is hardly noticeable, and will not interfere with any subsequent use of the material.
The product resulting from the operations described in FIGS. 1 to 4 is shown in FIG. 5 where the seam 27 effected a joining of two lengths of sheet material containing hooks 28 as the hooking elements. However, as shown in FIG. 7 the same seam can be effected between two lengths of sheet material containing loops 29 as hooking elements, or as shown in FIG. 6 a length containing hooks 30 can be joined to a length containing loops 31.
In FIG. 8 a particularly useful product, of which FIG. 6 is a section, is shown which was formed by providing a length of sheet material 32 which has loops 31 extending from one broad face thereof and has a buckle 34, or any similar means which essentially provide a ring-like element through which the length can be inserted, attached to one end of this length 32. Attached to the opposite end of the length 32 in the manner of the invention is a shorter length 33 of fabric which has hooks 30 vertically extending from one broad face as the hooking elements. By threading the end of this composite product defined by the fabric containing the hooks through the buckle so that the booking elements extend on the outside of the loop formed by this threading operation, the end containing the hooks 30 can then be folded back against the length 32 containing the loops 31 and can be pressed in face-to-face relation with the loop surface so that a large number of hooks engage a large number of loops to secure the members in face-to-face relation. Once attached in this manner, a closed loop is formed. This composite strap can be used for many different purposes, such as an arm and leg strap for holding hospital patients, and many other uses are also immediately suggested.
Although reference has been specifically made throughout to the attachment of lengths of pile fabric of the type having hooking elements extending from one surface, and reference has only generally been made to the attachment of a length of sheet material other than this type pile fabric to a length of this type pile fabric, it is intended that the method and product also offers novel features when attached to a length of leather, plastic or other nonpile type fabric.
I claim:
1. A composite length of at least two joined lengths of sheet material, at least one of which is a pile fabric sheet material of the type having a surface of hooking elements secured thereto in positions extending generally vertically from one surface of a base of sheet material to which they are secured, said hooking elements being a flexible resilient material of at least one of hooks and loops which are characterized by the property that pressing of a surface defined by said hooks in face-to-face relation with a surface defined by said loops will result in a large number of hooks engaging a large number of loops to secure the members in face-to-face relation comprising a first length of said pile fabric sheet material having one surface substantially defined by said hooking elements, a flat marginal end portion of said first length being substantially free of said hooking elements, and a second length of sheet material having a marginal end portion overlapping the fiat marginal end portion of the first sheet and joined thereto in interfacial adhesive contact, whereby the two lengths are joined and define together a composite sheet of at least two lengths of sheet material.
2. A composite length of at least two joined lengths of pile fabric sheet material of the type having a surface of hooking elements secured thereto in positions extending generally vertically from one surface of a base of sheet material to which they are secured, said hooking elements being a flexible resilient material of at least one of hooks and loops which are characterized by the property that pressing of a surface defined by said hooks in face-to-face relation with a surface defined by said loops will result in a large number of hooks engaging a large number of loops to secure the members in face-to-face relation comprising a first length of said sheet material having one surface substantially defined by said hooking elements, a flat marginal end portion of said first length being substantially free of said hooking elements, and a second length of said sheet material having one surface defined by said hooking elements and having its hooking elements extending in the same general direction as said first length and its back marginal end portion opposite to the surface on which the pile elements extend overlapping the flat marginal end portion, and joined thereto in interfacial adhesive contact, whereby the two lengths are joined and define together a substantially continuous surface of hooking elements.
3. A composite length of two joined lengths of sheet material according to claim 2 wherein the hooking elements on both lengths are hooks.
4. A composite length of two joined lengths of sheet material according to claim 2 wherein the hooking elements on both lengths are loops.
5. A composite length of two joined lengths of sheet material according to claim 2 wherein the hooking elements on one length are hooks and on the other length are loops.
6. A composite length of at least two lengths of pile fabric sheet material of the type having a surface of hooking elements secured thereto in positions extending generally vertically from one surface of a base of sheet material to which they are secured, said hooking elements on one length being hooks and on the other length being loops which are characterized by the property that pressing of a surface defined by said hooks in face-to-face relation with a surface defined by said loops will result in a large number of hooks engaging a large number of loops to secure the members in face-to-face relation comprising a first length of said sheet material having one surface defined by said hooking elements, a fiat marginal edge portion on one end of said first length being substantially free of said hooking elements, a second length of said sheet material having one surface defined by said hooking elements having its hooking elements extending in the same general direction as said first length and its back marginal end portion opposite to the surface on which the pile elements extend overlapping the flat marginal end portion and joined thereto in interfacial adhesive contact whereby the two lengths are joined and define together a substantially continuous surface of hooking elements, and a buckle attached to one end of the joined lengths through which the opposite end thereof can be inserted and folded back against itself with respective surfaces of hooks and loops in engaging relationship to form a closed loop.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,842,746 1/ 1932 Chance 161-36 3,107,195 10/1963 Stegler et a1. 16136 1,962,780 6/1934 Luftig 2338 2,445,889 7/1948 Rossi et al 2-338 3,000,384 9/1961 Piers 13246 2,584,493 2/ 1952 Olsen 161-63 2,726,222 12/1955 Palmquist et al. 156157 X 2,794,726 6/ 1957 Riedesel et a1 156-453 X FOREIGN PATENTS 651,585 11/1962 Canada. 661,283 11/1951 Great Britain.
JORDIAN FRA'NKDIN, Primary Examiner. GEORGE V. LARKIN, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

  1. 6. A COMPOSITE LENGTH OF AT LEAST TWO LENGTHS OF PILE FABRIC SHEET MATERIAL OF THE TYPE HAVING A SURFACE OF HOOKING ELEMENTS SECURED THERETO IN POSITIONS EXTENDING GENERALLY VERTICALLY FROM ONE SURFACE OF A BASE OF SHEET MATERIAL TO WHICH THEY ARE SECURED, SAID HOOKING ELEMENTS ON ONE LENGTH BEING HOOKS AND ON THE OTHER LENGTH BEING LOOPS WHICH ARE CHARACTERIZED BY THE PROPERTY THAT PRESSING OF A SURFACE DEFINED BY SAID HOOKS IN FACE-TO-FACE RELATION WITH A SURFACE DEFINED BY SAID LOOPS WILL RESULT IN A LARGE NUMBER OF HOOKS ENGAGING A LARGE NUMBER OF LOOPS TO SECURE THE MEMBERS IN FACE-TO-FACE RELATION COMPRISING A FIRST LENGTH OF SAID SHEET MATERIAL HAVING ONE SURFACE DEFINED BY SAID HOOKING ELEMENTS, A FLAT MARGINAL EDGE PORTION ON ONE END OF SAID FIRST LENGTH BEING SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF SAID HOOKING ELEMENTS, A SECOND LENGTH OF SAID SHEET MATERIAL HAVEING ONE SURFACE DEFINED BY SAID HOOKING ELEMENTS HAVING ITS HOOKING ELEMENTS EXTENDING IN THE SAME GENERAL DIRECTION AS SAID FIRST LENGTH AND ITS BACK MARGINAL END PORTION OPPOSITE TO THE SURFACE ON WHICH THE PILE ELEMENTS EXTEND OVERLAPPING THE FLAT MARGINAL END PORTION AND JOINED THERETO IN INTERFACIAL ADHESIVE CONTACT WHEREBY THE TWO LENGHTS ARE JOINED AND DEFINE TOGETHER A SUBSTANTIALLY CONTINUOUS SURFACE OF HOOKING ELEMENTS, AND A BUCKLE ATTACHED TO ONE END OF THE JOINED LENGTHS THROUGH WHICH THE OPPOSITE END THEREOF CAN BE INSERTED AND FOLDED BACK AGAINST ITSELF WITH RESPECTIVE SURFACES OF HOOKS AND LOOPS IN ENGAGING RELATIONSHIP TO FORM A CLOSED LOOP.
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FR2146517A5 (en) * 1971-07-16 1973-03-02 Velcro France
US3848270A (en) * 1973-05-08 1974-11-19 R Rand Belt having interchangeable decorative strips
US3866267A (en) * 1974-01-14 1975-02-18 Raymond Lee Organization Inc Rugs with detachable sections
US4149540A (en) * 1975-07-02 1979-04-17 Velcro Usa Inc. Separable cinch fastener
US4005844A (en) * 1975-08-25 1977-02-01 Stryker Corporation Solution bottle holder
US4273130A (en) * 1978-12-11 1981-06-16 Simpson Judith V Constrictor
US4595618A (en) * 1984-07-06 1986-06-17 Caringer Ronald L Vehicle seat belt accessory
WO1993021002A1 (en) * 1992-04-21 1993-10-28 Hüls Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft Wedge-welding method
US5201100A (en) * 1992-06-15 1993-04-13 Velcro Industries B.V. Adjustable device for hook and loop fastener
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US5403413A (en) * 1993-10-01 1995-04-04 Yoshida Kogyo K.K. Apparatus and method for manufacturing surface fastener bands
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