US3506985A - Apparatus for lifting and turning a bed patient - Google Patents

Description

April 21, 1970 F. F. LANG 3,506,985

APPARATUS FOR LIFTING AND TURNING A BED PATIENT Filed July 15, 1968 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR FREDERIC F. LANG ATTORNEY F. F. LANG April 21, 1970 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 15, 1968 ATTORNEY I April 21, 197 F. F. LANG 3,506,985

APPARATUS FOR LIFT'ING AND TURNING A BED PATIENT Filed July 15, 1968 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR FREDERIC F. LANG ATTORNEY April 21, 1970 F. F. LANG 3,506,985

APPARATUS FOR LIFTING AND TURNING A BED PATIENT Filed July 15, 1968 6 Sheets-Sheet 4;

I INVENTOR '9' FREDERICFLANG ATTORNEY April 21, 1970 F. F. LANG 3,506,985

APPARATUS FOR LIFTING AND TURNING A BED PATIENT Filed July 15, 1968 Y 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR FREDERIC F. LANG ATTORNEY April 21, 1970 F, LANG 3,506,985

APPARATUS FOR LIFTING AND TURNING A BED PATIENT Filed July 15, 1968 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR FREDERIC E LANG ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,506,985 APPARATUS FOR LIFTING AND TURNING A BED PATIENT Frederic F. Lang, Daytona Beach, Fla. 32016 Filed July 15, 1968, Ser. No. 744,774 Int. Cl. A61g 7/10 US. Cl. 81 8 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A portable apparatus capable of being readily positioned over and around a conventional bed and utilizing reversible electric motors for selectively raising or lowering the ends of a flexible sling which is positioned under the body of a patient occupying the bed, for gently raising the patient off of the bed and for turning the patient over in either direction.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the art of devices to effect the lifting and turning of bed ridden patients who are physically incapacitated for accomplishing such movements themselves.

The prior art discloses mechanical devices for use in lifting and turning bed patients to eliminate the necessity of such operation being accomplished entirely manually by the attendants. However, in the prior art devices, one or two attendants are required to operate the apparatus to effect the lifting and turning movement of the patient.

SUMMARY It is a primary object of the present invention to provide an apparatus which may be operated or controlled solely by a bed-ridden patient to effect a lifting of the hips and shoulders from the bed and thereafter a turning of the body over in either direction.

Another object of the invention is to provide such an apparatus wherein the manipulation of only two fingers of either hand of the patient is required to control the operation of the device and to enable the movements of the body to be accomplished gently and at different speeds, in accordance with the will of the user.

A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which is portable to enable it to be moved readily from one bed to another and utilized in conjunction with a conventional bed, such as a hospital bed, without any modification of the bed or without any direct attachment thereto.

A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus including a flexible sling in which the body of the patient is supported while being raised, lowered or turned, and which is formed in part of a conventional drawsheet.

A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus having means to automatically effect stopping of the drive means to which the sling ends are connected as such sling ends approach the extremities of their movements in either direction.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus having a novel control means the manipulation of which may be determined by the sense of touch.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter become more fully apparent from the following description of the drawings, illustrating a presently preferred embodiment thereof, and wherein:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURE 1 is a perspective view showing the lifting and turning apparatus in an operative position;

FIGURE 2 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view of a portion of the apparatus;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view, partly broken away, of another part of the apparatus;

FIGURE 4 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view, partly in section and partly broken away, illustrating one of the motorized units of the apparatus;

FIGURE 5 is a longitudinal sectional view, on a reduced scale, of a portion of the structure shown in FIG- URE 4 and taken substantially along a plane as indicated by the line 5-5 of FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 6 is a cross sectional view of the structure seen in FIGURE 5, taken substantially along a plane as indicated by the line 66 of FIGURE 5;

FIGURE 7 is a perspective view, partly broken away and partly in section, illustrating the control unit of the apparatus;

FIGURE 8 is a side elevational view, partly in section, showing one of the electric motors of the apparatus and the gear train thereof;

FIGURE 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the body supporting sling;

FIGURE 10 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of one end portion of the structure as seen in FIG- URE 9;

FIGURE. 11 is a cross sectional view of another part of the structure of FIGURE 9;

FIGURE 12 is a side elevational view of one of the elements of FIGURE 11;

FIGURE 13 is a diagrammatic view in perspective of a portion of the control unit of FIGURE 7;

FIGURES 14 and 15 are views similar to FIGURE 13 but illustrating two alternate positions of certain of the parts, and

FIGURE 16 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the electric circuits of the apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring more specifically to the drawings, the lifting and turning apparatus in its entirety and comprising the invention, is illustrated in FIGURE 1 and designated generally 20. The apparatus 20 includes an arch-shaped supporting structure, designated generally 21, which is adapted to straddle a conventional single bed 22, and which includes corresponding side members 23 each having an elongated horizontal bar or base v24 which is supported for movement on a pair of caster wheels 25. A lower tubular post section 26 is fixed to and rises from the bar 24 and the lower end of an upper post section 27 telescopes into the upper end of the post section 26, as best seen in FIGURE 2. One side of the bar '27 has longitudinally spaced outwardly opening sockets 28 to selectively receive a pin 29 which fits slida'bly in an opening 30 on-one side of the post section 26. The pin 29 is urged inwardly toward post section 26 by a leaf spring 31, to the inner side of which it is secured, remote from fastenings 32 by which an end of the leaf spring is secured to the post section 26. It will be apparent that the other free end of the leaf spring can be sprung outwardly for disengaging the pin 29 from socket 28 for extending or retracting the post section 27 relative to the post section 26, and that both of the side members 23 will be adjusted uniformly.

The upper end of each post section 27 is secured in any conventional manner to a depending end 33 of an angular joint 34 having a bore 35 disposed at a right angle to the post portions 26 and 27. A rigid tube 36, constituting the top portion of the supporting structure 21, is supported at its ends in the bores 35. Each joint 34 has a slot 37 extending downwardly from its bore 35. Headed screws 38 span the slot 37 and threadedly engage in sockets 39 of the joint part 33 and may be tightened for restricting the slot 37 and bore 35 for clamping the end of the tube 36 in said core 35.

As seen in FIGURES 1 and 4, two lateral motion recirculating ball bushings 40 are mounted to slide and turn on the tube 36. Each bushing 40 is fixed to and disposed crosswise of an intermediate portion of a hanger 41 which is suspended thereby and which has depending ends 42 containing aligned bushings 43 in which are journaled the ends of a pin 44 which extends through a sleeve 45 of a balance plate 46, as seen in FIGURE 4. The pin 44 and sleeve 45 are disposed beneath and crosswise of the tube 36.

The right hand plate 46 supports a right hand motorized unit 47 (FIGURE 1) and the other left hand plate 46 supports a left hand motorized unit 48 (FIGURES 1 and 4). The unit 47 includes a series wound electric motor 49 and unit 48 includes a corresponding electric motor 50. Each motor 49 and 50 has a gear casing 51 preferably formed integral with and projecting from an end of the motor housing and which is connected to and suspended beneath one of the balance plates 46 by screw fastenings 52.

FIGURE 8 shows the motor 50 and its casing 51 inverted with respect to its position of FIGURE 4. As seen in FIGURE 8, a pinion 53 on the armature shaft of the motor 50 meshes with and drives a gear 54 which is journaled on a stub shaft 55, one end of which is supported in a socket 56 of the casing 51. Gear 54 has an integral pinion 57 which meshes with a gear 58 which is secured to a worm shaft 59 by a key 60 and set screw 61. One end of the shaft 59 is journaled in a socket 62. Thrust on said shaft end is taken up by a ball 63 and thrust plate 64. The other end of the shaft 59 is journaled in a socket 65 of the casing 51 and bears against a ball 66 which is held in contact therewith by a screw 67, threaded into the casing 51, and by which end play is adjusted. A lock nut 68 retains the screw 67 in adjusted positions. A worm 69 on the shaft 59 meshes with a worm gear 70 which is fastened immovably to a shaft 71 by setscrews 72. The parts 53 to 67, 69 and 70 are contained in the casing 51.

The arrangement of the pin 44 and hanger 41, FIGURE 4, provides gimbals action between the tube 36- and the electric motor of either the unit 47 or the unit 48. Fastened to the housing of the gear motor of each unit 47 and 48 by screw fastenings 73, FIGURE 4, are spaced apart substantially parallel plates 74 and 75 having aligned bearings 76 in which are journaled the ends of the motor output shaft 71. A countershaft 77 is journaled in bearings 78 of the plates 74 and 75, below the shaft 71. The shaft 77 is driven from the shaft 71 by a sprocket wheel and chain drive 184, located adjacent the side plate 75, for driving the shaft 77 in either direction from the reversibly driven motor shaft 71.

A drum 79 is secured to the intermediate portion of the countershaft 77. The part of the circumference of the drum 79 "which is located adjacent to the motor, is in a direct perpendicular line with the pin 44 and tube 36. In addition, the balancing point of the electric motor of the units 47 or 48, and the parts connected thereto, is

located at the intersection of the tube 36 and pin 44, permitting the entire motorized unit to be suspended in a symetrically balanced position from the tube 36.

As seen in FIGURE 4, two electrical conductor rings 80 and 81 are mounted on the end of the drum 79, located nearest the plate 74, in electrically insulated relation to one another and are engaged by conductor brushes 82 and 83, respectively, which are supported by a bracket 84 which is secured to plate 74, below and adjacent the shaft 77 A bracket 85 is secured to and extends inwardly from the plate 74, beneath the bracket 84, and has a bottom portion providing a support for anelectrical contact'86' which extends upwardly therefrom. A bar 87 is pivotally supported on the upper part of the bracket by a pin 88 for vertical swinging movement and supports a downwardly extending electrical contact 89 which is held in engagment with the contact 86' by a leaf spring 90 which bears downwardly on the bar 87.

The bar 87 has a bifurcated outer end 91 through which'extends a non-elastic flexible tape 92 the upper end of which is fastened to the drum 79, as will hereinafter be described. The tape 92 passes between a pair of rollers 93 which are journaled on shafts 94 which are fastened to and project from the plate 74, below the bracket 85. A roller 95 is journaled on a shaft, not shown, which projects from the bracket 84 and engages the tape 92 above the bifurcation 91 and cooperates with the rollers 93 to maintain the tape 92 positioned for travel between the furcations of the bifurcated portion 91 without contacting said furcations.

Referring to FIGURES 5 and 6, one end of the tape 92 is anchored in a recess 96 of the hub of the drum 79 by a clamping member 97 which is secured to the hub by screw fastenings 98. The member 97 is shaped to provide a smooth uninterrupted continuation of the periphery of the hub. The drum hub has a second outwardly opening recess 99 in the bottom of which is located an electrical contact 100 which is electrically connected to the ring 80, and above which is disposed an electrical contact 101"'which is supported by a bar 102 which is pivoted at 103 and which is urged to a wing upwardly by a spring 104 which electrically connects the contact 101' to the ring 81. When the tape 92 is wound on the drum 79 the pressure thereof causes the bar 102 to swing inwardly to move the contact 101' into engagement with the contact 100'. When the tape is almost completely unwound from the drum 79, it will move out of engagment with the bar 102 allowing the spring 104 to displace said bar outwardly to disengage the contact 101' from the contact 100'.

It will be understood that the left hand mechanized unit 47 will include all of the parts previously described and illustrated in FIGURE 4. The lower ends of the tapes 92 are connected to bridles 105, as seen in FIGURE 1. Referring to FIGURES 9 to 12, each bridle 105 in cludes a bar 106 having an intermediate portion provided with an opening 107 which extends vertically therethrough for receiving the other end of one of the tapes 92 which is passed downwardly therethrough and looped around a wedge 108, as seen in FIGURE 11, which clamps the lower end of the tape 92 in the flared lower end 109 of the opening 107. The wedge 108 has notched side edges 110 to be manually engaged for extracting the wedge from the flared portion 109, and the sides of the wedge and the portion 109 are preferably knurled, as seen at 111, to provide a better engagement with the tape.

The bar 106 has a depending end portion 112 in which is ournaled one end of a rod 113 which is attached thereto by a nut 114. The rod 113 extends axially through and is secured to a roller 115 which is disposed for rotation between the end piece 112and a hollow casing 116 which constitutes the other end piece of the bar 106, and in an inner wall of which the other end of the rod 113 is journaled.'A ratchet wheel 117 is fixed to the last mentioned end of the rod 113 and is engaged by the nose of a pawl 118 which is pivoted at 119, intermediate of its ends, 'in the casing 116 and has an opposite end forming a handle 120 which projects outwardly through a slot 121 in the casing 116. A spring 122,'contained in the casing 116, urges the nose of the pawl into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel117, which teeth are inclined so that the roller 115, rod 113 and pawl 118 may be rotated in one direction, clockwise as seen in FIGURE 9, but are retained against rotation in the opposite direction except by manually manipulating the handle 120 for disengaging the nose of the pawl 118 from the ratchet wheel teeth.

The roller 115 is formed of or coated with a material having a high coefficient of friction, such as rubber, and has grooves 123 extending longitudinally thereof for additionally affording a gripping action on the end of a drawsheet 124, FIGURE 1, which is wound thereon. The other end of the drawsheet 124 is wound on the roller 115 of the bridle of the other unit 47.

The ends of the drawsheets are passed over the tops of the rollers 115 from the inside outward, which is in the direction that the ratches will allow the rollers to be turned without manually releasing the pawls 118. After several layers of the drawsheet have been wound around each roller, the natural gripping action will prevent slippage of the drawsheet ends from the rollers. This application of the drawsheet ends to the rollers provides a smooth surface between the wound ends of the drawsheet. Hooks 125, FIGURE 1, are provided on the uprights 27 for supporting the bridles 105 when the apparatus 20 is not in use.

An electrical control unit 126 is electrically connected to a motor 50 by a recoila'ble electric cable 127, FIGURE 1, and the motor 49 is electrically connected to the motor 50 by a second recoilable cable 127' which extends through the tube 36. A conventional electric cord 128 extends from the motor 50 and has-a standard three prong plug 129 for connection to any 110 volt, 60 cycle alternating current outlet.

As best seen in FIGURE 7, the control unit 126 includes a flat base plate 130 having a hood 131 secured over one end thereof to form a housing containing an open top receptacle 132 of electrical insulating material in which is mounted a wall 134. Identical open top housings 133 are mounted in the receptacle 132 on opposite sides of the wall 134. Each housing 133 is supported by a pair of compression springs 135 and 135' which are located adjacent the ends thereof and rest on the bottom of the receptacle 132. A button 136 fits telescopically into one of the housings 133 and a corresponding button 137 fits telescopically into the other housing 133. The buttons 136 and 137 project upwardly from the housings 133 and are each yieldably supported on and urged upwardly by a compression spring 138.

FIGURES 13, 14 and 15 show the wall 134, one of the housings 133 and the button 137, but with the housing and button displaced away from the Wall relative to its normal position of FIGURE 7, for the sake of clarity. Each housing 133 is pivotally mounted for rocking movement on a shaft 139 which projects from the wall 134. Each side of the wall 134 has an upwardly opening recess 140 including end portions 141 and 142 which extend downwardly below its intermediate portion to provide an upwardly facing shoulder 143 between said end portions. An index pin 144 projects laterally from each button 136 and 137, as seen in FIGURE 7, and has a free end engaging the recess 140 which faces said button.

The button 137 is connected to the motor 50 by electrical conductors of the cable 127 and the button 136 is connected to the motor 49 by other electrical conductors of the cable 127 and by conductors of the cable 127'.

FIGURE 13 illustrates a neutral position of the button 137 and its housing 133 with no electrical connections being made. In this position, the button 137 is in a raised position and its housing 133 is in a level position with the index pin 144 resting on the shoulder 143 and preventing any downward movement of the button 137.

In FIGURE 14, the finger button 137 and its housing 137 are shown tilted to the left by the housing 133 rocking on the shaft 139 thereof and depressing the spring 135. This moves the index pin 144 into alignment with the recess portion 141 to allow the button 137 to be depressed and moving its contact 145 into engagement with a contact 146' which is supported by a spring 147.

In FIGURE 15, the housing 133 and its button 137 are shown tilted about the shaft 139 in the opposite direction, or-to the right, for depressing the spring 135 and to position the pin 144 in alignment with the recessed portion 142 so that the button 137 can be depresed as the pin moves into said recessed portion.

In the diagrammatic view, FIGURE 16, the right hand button 136 is shown in a position corresponding to the position of the button 137 in FIGURE 15. The downward displacement of the button 136 in this position operates potentiometer 148 causing electric current to fiow through the circuit to the motor 49. When the finger button 137 is tilted to the left and depressed, as in FIGURE 14, and as seen in the lower part of FIGURE 16, it operates the other potentiometer 148', associated therewith, and also closes the contacts and 146' which excites the relay coil 149' of the electric circuit of the button 137.

When the button 136 is in its position of FIGURE 16, a conductor 150 from the prong 151 of the plug 129 connects with contact point 152 of relay 149 in the circuit of the button 136, which contact 152 is normally in engagement with contact 153 which, in turn, is connected to contact 89 which normally engages contact 86. Before reaching the contact 152, the current flows through the conductor 150 to the conductor 150a of the circuit of the button 136. Speed is controlled by the amount that the button 136 is depressed in the housing 133 causing contact 154 to move across the potentiometer 148, thereby upsetting the potential balance between two silicone rectifiers placed back-to-back, 155 and tryac 156. This provides the proper control for the series wound motor 49 by changing the crest of the waves in the 60 cycle alternating current supply for maintaining a high torque at low speed. The same applies to the control of the speed of the motor 50. The current flows from the conductor 150 to the conductor 150" through a condensor 157', potentiometer 148' and tryac 156'.

A conductor 158 connects the contacts 153 and 89 and a conductor 159 connects the contact 86 to a terminal 160 from which the current flows through the armature winding 161 of the motor 49 to the terminal 162. From the terminal 162, current flows through conductor 163 to a contact 164 which normally engages a contact 165 from which a conductor 166 leads to a terminal 167, from which the current flows through a field winding 168 of the motor 49 to the terminal 169, from which a conductor 170 leads back to the prong 171 of the cap 129. The third prong 172 is grounded to provide a ground connection for the chassis of the apparatus 20 to the grounding system of the electric supply. With the button 136 in its position of FIGURE 16, the motor 49 is driven in a direction for revolving the drum 79 of the unit 47 in a clockwise direction for winding the tape 92 thereon, at a speed determined by the extent that said button 136 is depressed. The tape 92 near its lower end carries a rivet 173 which is shown in FIGURE 4 and which protrudes from both sides of said tape. The rollers 93 have restricted portions 174 through which the rivet 173 can pass. When the rivet 173 engages the bifurcated part 91, it rocks the bar 87 upwardly about its pivot 88 against the action of the spring 90 for disengaging the contact 89 from the contact 86 to interrupt the electric circuit of the button 136 and deenergize the motor 49, to prevent further clockwise rotation of the drum 79.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that both buttons 136 and 137 could be disposed in the position of the button 136 in FIGURE 16 for winding both tapes 92 on the two drums 79 for drawing the sheet 124 upwardly for gently lifting a patient resting thereon.

The button 137 is shown in FIGURE 16 in its position of FIGURE 14, so that current is flowing through the parts 148, 154', 155, 156' and 157 of the circuit of the button 137 from the branch conductor 150 of said circuit to the conductor 150k thereof. In addition, current is shunted to relay coil 149 of the circuit of the button 137 by a closing of the contacts 145 and 146' which occurs when the button 137 is tilted as seen in FIGURE 14. The magnetic field of said coil 149' causes point 152' to disengage point 153' and to move into engagement with point 173. Likewise, the point 165' moves out of engagement with point 16-4 and into engagement with point 175. Current flows from contact 173 through a conductor 174 and conductor 163 to terminal 162, through the armature winding 161 of motor 50 to terminal 160', through conductor 159' to contacts 175 and 165', through conductor 166 to terminal 167, then through the field winding 168' of the motor 50 to terminal 169 and back to the prong 171 through the conductor 17 for causing the motor 50' to drive the drum 79 of the unit 48 counterclockwise to unwind the tape 92 therefrom.

The current which excites the relay coil 149' of the button 137 passes through a conductor 176 to the contact 101' which is in engagement with the contact 100' and through a conductor 177 to the conductor 170'. The ring 81 and brush 8-3 constitute parts of the conductor 176 and the ring 80 and brush 82 constitute parts of the conductor 177. Thus, when the tape 92 is almost completely unwound from the drum 79 and disengages the bar 102, the spring 104 will move the contact 101 out of engagement with the contact 100 to break the electric circuit to the motor 50.

It will thus be seen that the buttons 136 and 137 may be manipulated for causing both motors 49 and'50 to turn either clockwise or counterclockwise for winding the tapes 92 thereon or for unwinding the tapes therefrom, respectively, for either raising or lowering, respectively, the drawsheet 124 and the patient support-ed thereon. It will also be apparent that one button may be positioned for causing the motor thereof to turn clockwise while the other motor is turning counterclockwise for raising one endof the drawsheet while the other end thereof is being lowered for turning the patient over while being held in a raised position above the bed 22.

It will be readily apparent that the buttons 136 and 137 may be operated by two fingers of either hand of the patient and by the sense of feel alone, if necessary, due to the raised dots 17-8 and 178' on buttons 136 and 137, respectively. The other end of the plate 130' provides a rest for the wrist while the unit 126 is being operated. Said other end has an opening 179 to be suspended from a hook 180 on one of the uprights 27 when the apparatus 20 is not in use.

As seen in FIGURE 7, the buttons 136 and 137 have extensions 181 which engage under the ends of openings 182 of the hood 131, through which said buttons project, for maintaining said openings closed when the buttons are rocked to the right or left. The circuits of the buttons are protected by fuses 183.

Various modifications and changes are contemplated and may be resorted to without departing from the function or scope of the invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. An apparatus for lifting and turning a bed patient comprising a supporting structure, two motorized units suspended from said supporting structure and adapted to be disposed over a bed, each of said motorized units including a reversible electric motor and a drum connected to and rotatably driven by the motor, a sling suspended from said drums and having end portions wound thereon and an intermediate portion adapted to engage under the body of a person occupying the bed, and a manually actuated control unit electrically connected to the motors for selectively energizing the motors and for causing the motors to be selectively driven in either direction for winding the sling ends on said drums or for unwinding the sling ends therefrom for raising, lowering or turning the bed patient.

2. An apparatus as in claim 1, means slidably and rotatably mounting said motor units on said structure,

said means providing a gimbals action between the supunits.

3. An apparatus as in claim 1, and means for automatically interrupting the electric current to said motors when the sling ends are wound on or unwound from said drums to a predetermined extent.

4. An apparatus as in claim 1, said control unit including a button electrically connected toy and controlling each of said motors, means mounting said buttons for vertical sliding movement for regulating the speeds at which the motors are selectively driven, and means mounting said buttons for rocking movement in opposite directions for causing said motors to be driven either clockwise or counterclockwise.

5. An apparatus as in claim 1, said sling comprising non-elastic flexible tapes Wound on and depending from said drums, a bridle suspended from each tape, and a drawsheet constituting the bottom portion of the sling and having end portions connected to said bridles.

6. An apparatus as in claim 5, each of said bridles including a roller on which one of the end portions of the drawsheet is wound and frictionally anchored, and pawl and ratchet means associated with the bridle and the roller thereof permitting the roller to be turned freely in a direction for winding the drawsheet end thereon and releasable for permitting the drawsheet to be unwound therefrom.

7. An apparatus as in claim 1, said supporting structure comprising an arch-shaped frame adapted to straddle the bed and having a top portion from which said motorized units are suspended, and caster wheels provid ing a mobile support for said frame.

8. An apparatus as in claim 7, said frame having extensible upright side portions for varying the elevation of the top portion relative to the bed.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,487,150 3/1924 Deakins 584 X 2,959,791 11/1960 Ramsey 588.X 3,401,410 9/1968 Welborn et al 561 CASMIR A. NUNBERG, Primary Examiner US. 'Cl. X.R. 5-61, 86

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