US3577980A - Fluid extraction device - Google Patents

Fluid extraction device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3577980A
US3577980A US732617A US3577980DA US3577980A US 3577980 A US3577980 A US 3577980A US 732617 A US732617 A US 732617A US 3577980D A US3577980D A US 3577980DA US 3577980 A US3577980 A US 3577980A
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vial
plug
retracted position
valve
vacuum
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US732617A
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Milton J Cohen
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150015—Source of blood
    • A61B5/15003—Source of blood for venous or arterial blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150053—Details for enhanced collection of blood or interstitial fluid at the sample site, e.g. by applying compression, heat, vibration, ultrasound, suction or vacuum to tissue; for reduction of pain or discomfort; Skin piercing elements, e.g. blades, needles, lancets or canulas, with adjustable piercing speed
    • A61B5/150061—Means for enhancing collection
    • A61B5/150099—Means for enhancing collection by negative pressure, other than vacuum extraction into a syringe by pulling on the piston rod or into pre-evacuated tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
    • A61B5/150236—Pistons, i.e. cylindrical bodies that sit inside the syringe barrel, typically with an air tight seal, and slide in the barrel to create a vacuum or to expel blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
    • A61B5/150244—Rods for actuating or driving the piston, i.e. the cylindrical body that sits inside the syringe barrel, typically with an air tight seal, and slides in the barrel to create a vacuum or to expel blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150351—Caps, stoppers or lids for sealing or closing a blood collection vessel or container, e.g. a test-tube or syringe barrel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150381—Design of piercing elements
    • A61B5/150389—Hollow piercing elements, e.g. canulas, needles, for piercing the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150381—Design of piercing elements
    • A61B5/150503—Single-ended needles
    • A61B5/150519—Details of construction of hub, i.e. element used to attach the single-ended needle to a piercing device or sampling device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/153—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/021—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids
    • B01L3/0217—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids of the plunger pump type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5082—Test tubes per se
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/54—Labware with identification means
    • B01L3/545—Labware with identification means for laboratory containers
    • B01L3/5453—Labware with identification means for laboratory containers for test tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
    • C07D209/96—Spiro-condensed ring systems

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for extraction of an increment of fluid from a vessel or other supply source, such as a sample of blood, body fluid or the like specimen and'it relates more particularly to a device which operates under vacuum to effect withdrawal into a sealed container through a hypodermic needle or the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional elevational view of the device embodying the features of this invention with the elements in their normal assembled relationship for storage or shipment;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional elevational view of the device shown in FIG. 1 with the piston member retracted for generation of subatmospheric conditions within the interior of the vial immediately prior to use;
  • FIG. is a sectional elevational view of the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 after the specimen has been taken and the actuator removed to enable shipment or storage of the device with the specimen sealed therein;
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are similar to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 with a modified form of the device.
  • the device comprises an elongate tubular member 10, in the form of a vial of glass, plastic, and the like preferably transparent and translucent material, which is open at its forward end 11 and closed by the rear wall 12 having a slot 13 of rectangular or other polygonal shape extending therethrough.
  • the forward open end of the vial is formed with a beaded intumed portion 14 adapted to be received in sealing engagement within a peripheral groove 15 in the rearward end portion of a resilient valve member 16 of rubberlike material which is adapted to seal the open forward end of the vial.
  • the resilient valve member has a plug portion 17 which extends into the vial at its forward end and a portion which extends forwardly beyond the end of the vial with a passage extending continuously through the plug from the rearward end to the forward end except for a segment which subdivides the passage into aligned rearward and forward-sections 18 and 19 respectively in which the segment 20 is beyond the end of the vial and is formed with a slit 21 extending in a plane radial to the axis of the passage with the slit extending from the forward end of the rearward passage 18 to the rearward end of the forward passage 19 to effect communication between the passages, when in open position, but which is effective to seal the passages, when in closed position.
  • the slit operates as a valve which can be distorted to open position by pressing upon the plug alongside the segment from opposite directions in alignment with the slit.
  • the forward end portion of the valve is provided with a projection adapted to support a hub member 22 for gripping a hollow needle 23 having a portion which extends rearwardly into communication with the forward passage 19.
  • An elongate cover is removably mounted on the hub to protect the needle during nonuse.
  • a piston and cylinder arrangement is provided in which the interior of the vial functions as the cylinder and the piston head is in the form of a tubular section 24 of resilient plastic or rubberlike material formed with one or more axially spaced ring members 25 dimensioned to extend outwardly into sealing engagement with the inner walls of the vial.
  • Means are provided on the rearward end portion of the piston head, in alignment with the opening 13 for connection with an actuator 26 adapted slidably to extend through the opening 13 into engagement with the piston head 24.
  • the means on the end of the piston head comprises a threaded male member 27 and the actuator comprises an elongate rod 26 dimensioned to have a length slightly greater than the length of travel of the piston head through the vial and provided at its forward end with a threaded female section 28 for threadably receiving the threaded male member 27 thereby removably to connect the actuator with the piston.
  • Means are provided, on the rearward end portion of the actuator rod, outwardly of the vial, for manual engagement to effect displacement of the rod into the vial for attachment and rearwardly of the vial for retraction of the piston head towards retracted position.
  • Other means are provided in connection with the rod for latching the rod and piston in retracted position.
  • One such means illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, comprises pins or wings 30 extending laterally from opposite sides of the rod adjacent its forward end with the wings being dimensioned easily to pass through the slotted opening 13 when in alignment therewith but incapable of return passage therethrough when the actuator rod is turned to offset the wings from the openings.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 Another means, illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, comprises a forwardly facing tubular section 40 joined at its rearward end onto an outwardly disposed portion of the actuator rod 26 and which is formed to a cross-sectional dimension slightly greater than the vial to enable the tubular member to telescope about the vial, when in normal position, but which tapers inwardly slightly towards the forward end so that, when the tubular member is displaced rearwardly to retracted position, the forward end of the tubular member will clear the rear wall of the vial with corresponding flexure of the ends of the tubular member inwardly whereby the rear wall of the vial functions as a stop, as illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the piston head 24 is in its forward position within the tubular vial 10 with the actuator rod 26 extending through the opening 13 for attachment at its forward end to the piston plug and with the handle portion of the rod disposed outwardly of the vial for easy access.
  • the actuator rod When it is desired to make use of the extractor, the actuator rod is displaced rearwardly to effect corresponding movement of the piston until it reaches its retracted position of adjustment within the vial. As the piston is displaced rearwardly through the vial, it operates to pull a vacuum in the portions of the vial forwardly thereof. Return movement of the piston to relieve vacuum is prevented by the stop that exists as the wings 30 pass through the slots 13 with slight turning movement of the rod to offset the wings from the slots after they have passed therethrough.
  • the actuator means When locked in retracted position, the actuator means can be disconnected from the piston plug by unscrewing from the male member as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 6.
  • the device is then ready for use with a vacuum which has been generated in the vial immediately prior to use.
  • the needle can then be inserted intothe desired vessel and communication established by pressing on the valve alongside the slit to distort the closure sufficient to effect opening movement of the slit.
  • direct communication is established between the needle and the vacuum chamber to withdraw blood or body fluid from the vessel into the chamber.
  • Momentary pressure on the valve will operate to withdraw only a small increment of body fluid for visual inspection to be certain that the needle has been properly inserted. Thereafter, the valve can be operated to withdraw as much of the fluid as desired to fill the vial.
  • the device described is of simple construction and easy in operation to provide a container in which vacuum is instantly formed immediately prior to use for reliable operation and in which the vacuum container is constructed with a manually operated valve that permits selected amounts of body fluid to be withdrawn for testing the location of the needle or for withdrawal of variable amounts of fluid, as described.
  • a fluid extraction device comprising a vial having openings at its forward and rearward ends in communication with the interior of the vial, a hollow needle, a valve member mounted on the forward end of the vial to seal the forward end of the vial with means on the forward end of the valve member for mounting the needle in alignment with the vial and a valve interposed between the end of the needle and the vial for sealing the vial when in normally closed position and for establishing communication between the interior of the vial and the needle when in operated position, a piston plug mounted for axial movement in sealing engagement with the interior wall of the vial between forward and retracted positions of adjustment, and actuator rod dimensioned to extend through the opening in the rearward end of the vial into connection with the piston plug for axial displacement of the plug between forward and retracted positions of adjustment with displacement toward retracted position being effected while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial between the piston plug and valve, and means for locking the plug in retracted position for maintaining vacuum conditions within the vial when the valve is closed.
  • An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 which includes a needle cover for covering the needle during nonuse.
  • valve is formed of a resilient material having a forward passage extending rearwardly from the forward end of the valve member and dimensioned to receive an end of the needle and a rearward passage extending forwardly from the rearward end of the plug in communication with the vial and a slitted portion extending from the forward end of the rearward passage to the rearward end of the forward passage for con necting said passages when in position.
  • piston plug comprises a cylindrical member formed of resilient material dimensioned to extend outwardly into sealing engagement with the surrounding walls of the vial.
  • An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for locking the plug in retracted position comprises outwardly extending wings on the forward end portion of the actuator and a slotted opening in the rearward wall of the vial beyond which the wings extend when the piston plug is in retracted position whereby the plug, in retracted position, can be turned to offset the wings from the slotted opening.
  • An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for locking the piston plug in retracted position comprises a tubular feed section connected with the actuator rod at its rearward end portion and dimensioned to overlap the vial, in its forward position, by an amount corresponding to the length of travel of the plug between forward and retracted position and having a cross sectional dimension at its forward end snugly to embrace the vial whereby the rearward end wall of the vial confronts the end of the sleeve as it clears the vial in retracted position.
  • a method for providing a fluid extraction device as claimed in claim 1 with a vacuum for the extraction of fluid immediately prior to fluid extraction comprising the steps of displacing the piston plug in the vial from a forward position to a retracted position while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial, and latching the plug in retracted position to maintain the vacuum within the via].
  • a method for fluid extraction comprising providing a fluid extraction device as claimed in claim 1 with a vacuum for the extraction of fluid immediately prior to fluid extraction by displacing the piston plug in the vial from a forward position to a retracted position while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial, latching the plug in retracted position to maintain the vacuum within the vial, inserting the needle into the source of fluid to be extracted, opening the valve for communicating the interior of the vial with the fluid source whereby the vacuum conditions existing within the vial efiect withdrawal of fluid from the source into the vial.

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Abstract

An instant vacuum fluid extraction device in the form of a vial sealed at one end by a valve and having an axially movable piston member therein shiftable from extended to retracted positions for generating a vacuum within the sealed container during movement to retracted position and means for latching the piston in its retracted position.

Description

United States Patent I 218, 218 (PA), 218 (NV), 234, 235, 237,
(Digest), 278
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,688,325 9/1954 Lockhart 128/218 3,308,809 3/1967 -Cohen 128/2 FOREIGN PATENTS 7,743 5/1902 Germany 128/234 Primary Examiner-Wamer H. Camp Attorney-McDougall, Hersh, Scott and Ladd ABSTRACT: An instant vacuum fluid extraction device in the fomi of a vial sealed at one end by a valve and having an axially movable piston member therein shiftable from extended to retracted positions'for generating a vacuum within the sealed container during movement to retracted position and means for latching the piston in its retracted position.
PATENTEU am 1 mm SHEET/1 or 2 INVENTOP 91 I! ':r 1 kg Milton J lr l n "fil i FLUID EXTRACTION DEVICE This invention relates to a device for extraction of an increment of fluid from a vessel or other supply source, such as a sample of blood, body fluid or the like specimen and'it relates more particularly to a device which operates under vacuum to effect withdrawal into a sealed container through a hypodermic needle or the like.
To the present, blood specimens are taken by the insertion of a hollow needle into the blood vessel after which the fluid is withdrawn under vacuum in response to the rearward displacement of a piston member through the vial while the needle remains in the vessel. This operation is slow and time consuming and requires the use of both hands as well as very steady hands to effect the desired rearward movement of the piston while retaining the needle in the inserted position.
It is an object of this invention to produce a device of the type described in which a vacuum can be generated in the vial immediately prior to use so that, upon insertion of the needle into the vessel for the withdrawal of a liquid specimen, the vacuum conditions existing in the vial can be made effective for the smooth and rapid withdrawal of fluid without the need for further manipulation, which can be operated with one hand to effect fluid specimen removal, and which is simple in construction and easy in operation thereby to enable use without the need for highly skilled or technical labor.
These and other objects and advantages of this invention will hereinafter appear and for purposes of illustration, but not of limitation, embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a sectional elevational view of the device embodying the features of this invention with the elements in their normal assembled relationship for storage or shipment;
FIG. 2 is a sectional elevational view of the device shown in FIG. 1 with the piston member retracted for generation of subatmospheric conditions within the interior of the vial immediately prior to use;
FIG. is a sectional elevational view of the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 after the specimen has been taken and the actuator removed to enable shipment or storage of the device with the specimen sealed therein; and
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are similar to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 with a modified form of the device.
Referring now to the drawings, the device comprises an elongate tubular member 10, in the form of a vial of glass, plastic, and the like preferably transparent and translucent material, which is open at its forward end 11 and closed by the rear wall 12 having a slot 13 of rectangular or other polygonal shape extending therethrough.
The forward open end of the vial is formed with a beaded intumed portion 14 adapted to be received in sealing engagement within a peripheral groove 15 in the rearward end portion of a resilient valve member 16 of rubberlike material which is adapted to seal the open forward end of the vial.
The resilient valve member has a plug portion 17 which extends into the vial at its forward end and a portion which extends forwardly beyond the end of the vial with a passage extending continuously through the plug from the rearward end to the forward end except for a segment which subdivides the passage into aligned rearward and forward- sections 18 and 19 respectively in which the segment 20 is beyond the end of the vial and is formed with a slit 21 extending in a plane radial to the axis of the passage with the slit extending from the forward end of the rearward passage 18 to the rearward end of the forward passage 19 to effect communication between the passages, when in open position, but which is effective to seal the passages, when in closed position.
The slit operates as a valve which can be distorted to open position by pressing upon the plug alongside the segment from opposite directions in alignment with the slit.
The forward end portion of the valve is provided with a projection adapted to support a hub member 22 for gripping a hollow needle 23 having a portion which extends rearwardly into communication with the forward passage 19. An elongate cover is removably mounted on the hub to protect the needle during nonuse.
A piston and cylinder arrangement is provided in which the interior of the vial functions as the cylinder and the piston head is in the form of a tubular section 24 of resilient plastic or rubberlike material formed with one or more axially spaced ring members 25 dimensioned to extend outwardly into sealing engagement with the inner walls of the vial. Means are provided on the rearward end portion of the piston head, in alignment with the opening 13 for connection with an actuator 26 adapted slidably to extend through the opening 13 into engagement with the piston head 24. In the illustrated modification, the means on the end of the piston head comprises a threaded male member 27 and the actuator comprises an elongate rod 26 dimensioned to have a length slightly greater than the length of travel of the piston head through the vial and provided at its forward end with a threaded female section 28 for threadably receiving the threaded male member 27 thereby removably to connect the actuator with the piston.
It will be understood that other means may be provided removably to connect the actuator rod with the piston head to effect actual displacement of the piston head within the vial.
Means are provided, on the rearward end portion of the actuator rod, outwardly of the vial, for manual engagement to effect displacement of the rod into the vial for attachment and rearwardly of the vial for retraction of the piston head towards retracted position. Other means are provided in connection with the rod for latching the rod and piston in retracted position. One such means, illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, comprises pins or wings 30 extending laterally from opposite sides of the rod adjacent its forward end with the wings being dimensioned easily to pass through the slotted opening 13 when in alignment therewith but incapable of return passage therethrough when the actuator rod is turned to offset the wings from the openings.
Another means, illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, comprises a forwardly facing tubular section 40 joined at its rearward end onto an outwardly disposed portion of the actuator rod 26 and which is formed to a cross-sectional dimension slightly greater than the vial to enable the tubular member to telescope about the vial, when in normal position, but which tapers inwardly slightly towards the forward end so that, when the tubular member is displaced rearwardly to retracted position, the forward end of the tubular member will clear the rear wall of the vial with corresponding flexure of the ends of the tubular member inwardly whereby the rear wall of the vial functions as a stop, as illustrated in FIG. 5.
Normally, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 4, the piston head 24 is in its forward position within the tubular vial 10 with the actuator rod 26 extending through the opening 13 for attachment at its forward end to the piston plug and with the handle portion of the rod disposed outwardly of the vial for easy access.
When it is desired to make use of the extractor, the actuator rod is displaced rearwardly to effect corresponding movement of the piston until it reaches its retracted position of adjustment within the vial. As the piston is displaced rearwardly through the vial, it operates to pull a vacuum in the portions of the vial forwardly thereof. Return movement of the piston to relieve vacuum is prevented by the stop that exists as the wings 30 pass through the slots 13 with slight turning movement of the rod to offset the wings from the slots after they have passed therethrough.
In the modifications shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, return movement is prevented as the forward ends of the tubular section 40 clear the rearward end of the vial to enable deflection of the ends of the tubular member inwardly to engage the rear wall of the vial as a stop.
When locked in retracted position, the actuator means can be disconnected from the piston plug by unscrewing from the male member as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 6. The device is then ready for use with a vacuum which has been generated in the vial immediately prior to use. The needle can then be inserted intothe desired vessel and communication established by pressing on the valve alongside the slit to distort the closure sufficient to effect opening movement of the slit. Thus direct communication is established between the needle and the vacuum chamber to withdraw blood or body fluid from the vessel into the chamber. Momentary pressure on the valve will operate to withdraw only a small increment of body fluid for visual inspection to be certain that the needle has been properly inserted. Thereafter, the valve can be operated to withdraw as much of the fluid as desired to fill the vial.
it will be apparent that the device described is of simple construction and easy in operation to provide a container in which vacuum is instantly formed immediately prior to use for reliable operation and in which the vacuum container is constructed with a manually operated valve that permits selected amounts of body fluid to be withdrawn for testing the location of the needle or for withdrawal of variable amounts of fluid, as described.
It will be understood that changes may be made in the details of construction, arrangement and operation without departing from the spirit of the invention, especially as defined in the following claims.
I claim:
1. A fluid extraction device comprising a vial having openings at its forward and rearward ends in communication with the interior of the vial, a hollow needle, a valve member mounted on the forward end of the vial to seal the forward end of the vial with means on the forward end of the valve member for mounting the needle in alignment with the vial and a valve interposed between the end of the needle and the vial for sealing the vial when in normally closed position and for establishing communication between the interior of the vial and the needle when in operated position, a piston plug mounted for axial movement in sealing engagement with the interior wall of the vial between forward and retracted positions of adjustment, and actuator rod dimensioned to extend through the opening in the rearward end of the vial into connection with the piston plug for axial displacement of the plug between forward and retracted positions of adjustment with displacement toward retracted position being effected while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial between the piston plug and valve, and means for locking the plug in retracted position for maintaining vacuum conditions within the vial when the valve is closed.
2. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 which includes a needle cover for covering the needle during nonuse.
3. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the valve is formed of a resilient material having a forward passage extending rearwardly from the forward end of the valve member and dimensioned to receive an end of the needle and a rearward passage extending forwardly from the rearward end of the plug in communication with the vial and a slitted portion extending from the forward end of the rearward passage to the rearward end of the forward passage for con necting said passages when in position.
4. An extraction device as claimed in claim 3 in which the slitted portion between the passages is located beyond the forward end of the vial to enable flexure alongside the slitted portion to open the slit.
5. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the piston plug comprises a cylindrical member formed of resilient material dimensioned to extend outwardly into sealing engagement with the surrounding walls of the vial.
6. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for locking the plug in retracted position comprises outwardly extending wings on the forward end portion of the actuator and a slotted opening in the rearward wall of the vial beyond which the wings extend when the piston plug is in retracted position whereby the plug, in retracted position, can be turned to offset the wings from the slotted opening.
7. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for locking the piston plug in retracted position comprises a tubular feed section connected with the actuator rod at its rearward end portion and dimensioned to overlap the vial, in its forward position, by an amount corresponding to the length of travel of the plug between forward and retracted position and having a cross sectional dimension at its forward end snugly to embrace the vial whereby the rearward end wall of the vial confronts the end of the sleeve as it clears the vial in retracted position.
8. A method for providing a fluid extraction device as claimed in claim 1 with a vacuum for the extraction of fluid immediately prior to fluid extraction comprising the steps of displacing the piston plug in the vial from a forward position to a retracted position while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial, and latching the plug in retracted position to maintain the vacuum within the via].
9. A method for fluid extraction comprising providing a fluid extraction device as claimed in claim 1 with a vacuum for the extraction of fluid immediately prior to fluid extraction by displacing the piston plug in the vial from a forward position to a retracted position while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial, latching the plug in retracted position to maintain the vacuum within the vial, inserting the needle into the source of fluid to be extracted, opening the valve for communicating the interior of the vial with the fluid source whereby the vacuum conditions existing within the vial efiect withdrawal of fluid from the source into the vial.

Claims (9)

1. A fluid extraction device comprising a vial having openings at its forward and rearward ends in communication with the interior of the vial, a hollow needle, a valve member mounted on the forward end of the vial to seal the forward end of the vial with means on the forward end of the valve member for mounting the needle in alignment with the vial and a valve interposed between the end of the needle and the vial for sealing the vial when in normally closed position and for establishing communication between the interior of the vial and the needle when in operated position, a piston plug mounted for axial movement in sealing engagement with the interior wall of the vial between forward and retracted positions of adjustment, and actuator rod dimensioned to extend through the opening in the rearward end of the vial into connection with the piston plug for axial displacement of the plug between forward and retracted positions of adjustment with displacement toward retracted position being effected while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial between the piston plug and valve, and means for locking the plug in retracted position for maintaining vacuum conditions within the vial when the valve is closed.
2. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 which includes a needle cover for covering the needle during nonuse.
3. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the valve is formed of a resilient material having a forward passage extending rearwardly from the forward end of the valve member and dimensioned to receive an eNd of the needle and a rearward passage extending forwardly from the rearward end of the plug in communication with the vial and a slitted portion extending from the forward end of the rearward passage to the rearward end of the forward passage for connecting said passages when in position.
4. An extraction device as claimed in claim 3 in which the slitted portion between the passages is located beyond the forward end of the vial to enable flexure alongside the slitted portion to open the slit.
5. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the piston plug comprises a cylindrical member formed of resilient material dimensioned to extend outwardly into sealing engagement with the surrounding walls of the vial.
6. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for locking the plug in retracted position comprises outwardly extending wings on the forward end portion of the actuator and a slotted opening in the rearward wall of the vial beyond which the wings extend when the piston plug is in retracted position whereby the plug, in retracted position, can be turned to offset the wings from the slotted opening.
7. An extraction device as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for locking the piston plug in retracted position comprises a tubular feed section connected with the actuator rod at its rearward end portion and dimensioned to overlap the vial, in its forward position, by an amount corresponding to the length of travel of the plug between forward and retracted position and having a cross-sectional dimension at its forward end snugly to embrace the vial whereby the rearward end wall of the vial confronts the end of the sleeve as it clears the vial in retracted position.
8. A method for providing a fluid extraction device as claimed in claim 1 with a vacuum for the extraction of fluid immediately prior to fluid extraction comprising the steps of displacing the piston plug in the vial from a forward position to a retracted position while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial, and latching the plug in retracted position to maintain the vacuum within the vial.
9. A method for fluid extraction comprising providing a fluid extraction device as claimed in claim 1 with a vacuum for the extraction of fluid immediately prior to fluid extraction by displacing the piston plug in the vial from a forward position to a retracted position while the valve is in closed position to generate a vacuum within the vial, latching the plug in retracted position to maintain the vacuum within the vial, inserting the needle into the source of fluid to be extracted, opening the valve for communicating the interior of the vial with the fluid source whereby the vacuum conditions existing within the vial effect withdrawal of fluid from the source into the vial.
US732617A 1968-05-28 1968-05-28 Fluid extraction device Expired - Lifetime US3577980A (en)

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US4361155A (en) * 1980-10-29 1982-11-30 Anastasio Frank W Blood sampling unit
US4730624A (en) * 1981-07-16 1988-03-15 Becton, Dickinson And Company Device and method for drawing a blood sample
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US11529081B2 (en) 2017-09-12 2022-12-20 Magnolia Medical Technologies, Inc. Fluid control devices and methods of using the same
US11903710B2 (en) 2017-09-12 2024-02-20 Magnolia Medical Technologies, Inc. Fluid control devices and methods of using the same
US11903709B2 (en) 2017-09-12 2024-02-20 Magnolia Medical Technologies, Inc. Fluid control devices and methods of using the same
US11419531B2 (en) 2017-12-07 2022-08-23 Magnolia Medical Technologies, Inc. Fluid control devices and methods of using the same
US11786155B2 (en) 2019-02-08 2023-10-17 Magnolia Medical Technologies, Inc. Devices and methods for bodily fluid collection and distribution
US11857321B2 (en) 2019-03-11 2024-01-02 Magnolia Medical Technologies, Inc. Fluid control devices and methods of using the same
WO2021099628A1 (en) 2019-11-22 2021-05-27 Université Catholique de Louvain Device for withdrawal and processing of a sample

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1926386A1 (en) 1969-12-04
NO120159B (en) 1970-09-07
JPS4815910B1 (en) 1973-05-18
BE733743A (en) 1969-11-03
FR2009461A1 (en) 1970-02-06
CH497171A (en) 1970-10-15
IL32207A0 (en) 1969-07-30
IL32207A (en) 1972-06-28
FR2009461B1 (en) 1974-06-07
GB1257044A (en) 1971-12-15

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