US3596238A

US3596238A - Fail-safe walk-don't walk signal

Info

Publication number: US3596238A
Application number: US751130A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gregory Siklos
Original assignee: Marbelite Co Inc
Current assignee: Marbelite Co Inc
Priority date: 1968-08-08
Filing date: 1968-08-08
Publication date: 1971-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 1988-07-27

Abstract

Fail-safe electrical circuit arrangements are provided which are particularly useful in connection with Walk-Don''t Walk pedestrian traffic control signals to prevent a Walk light from being actuated should the Don''t light indication be defective. The circuit arrangements comprise first and second semiconductor bilateral switches, a gate circuit and a Don''t and a Walk light. If voltage is applied to both lights and the Don''t light does not operate, the switches prevent the illumination of the Walk light.

Description

United States Patent Inventor Gregory Slklos Bronx, N.Y.

Applv No. 751,130

Filed Aug. 8, 1968 Patented July 27, 1971 Assignee The Mlrbellte Company, Inc. Brooklyn, N.Y.

FAIL-SAFE WALK-DON 'I WALK SIGNAL [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,100,145 1/1955 Stehlik 340/46 OTHER REFERENCES Electrical Design News. Vol 9. #7. June 1964 Page 115 (copy in 340-46) Primary Examiner-William C. Cooper AttorneyWolf, Greenfield & Sacks ABSTRACT: Fail-safe electrical circuit arrangements are provided which are particularly useful in connection with Walk- Dont Walk pedestrian trafi'lc control signals to prevent a 8 U" Walk light from being actuated should the Don t light indica- 1 US. Cl 340/46, tion be defective. The circuit arrangements comprise first and 307/305, 315/] l9 second semiconductor bilateral switches, a gate circuit and a Int. Cl. 608g 1/097 Don't and a Walk light. If voltage is applied to both lights and Field of Search 340/41, 46, the Don't light does not operate, the switches prevent the illu- 44; 307/305, 305 K mination of the Walk light.

l0 23 WALK 22 l IG 0- 0/ l2 4 TH 7V T82 l3 5 3 2 3, 2 m no FAIL-SAFE wALk-uoN'r WALK SIGNAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, Walk-Dont Walk pedestrian traffic control signals have come into increasing use particularly in large cities. Such devices are known to act as important safety signals and are often relied upon by pedestrians at crowded intersections. It is customary to employ a housing having an upper reflector and a lower reflector with the upper reflector being positioned in back of a stencilled Don't sign and the lower reflector being positioned in back of a stencilled Walk sign. Often a single bulb is mounted in the upper reflector and a plurality of bulbs are mounted in the lower reflector so that the Walk portion of the sign is actuated by a circuit through one bulb lying behind the Walk stencil and the Dont Walk signal is given by activating a bulb in the top reflector simultaneously with a bulb in the lower reflector. One such known pedestrian traffic control signal is described in US. Pat. No. 3,141,149.

Problems arise when one or more of the bulbs used to actuate the Dont Walk signal burn out as frequently happens. These bulbs are often connected in series. Thus, if the Walk bulb burns out, there is a safety problem since the Dont bulb will not light up. Moreover, a service problem results since both bulbs must be tested to determine which is defective.

An additional problem known in the art is that involved in the use of large step up transformers in orderto convert a standard AC power supply for use with two standard 67-watt,

l20-volt bulbs or lamps in series commonly employed in WalkDon't Walk signals. Such transformers take up a con- I siderable amount of space and are expensive. In addition,

electrical contacts used in such systems are subject to short life because of the high inductive load. If 6 O-volt lamps are used, their cost is extremely high as compared to the use of standard l20-volt traffic signal bulbs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION is in series with and forms a part of the gate circuit means. A

second electrical response means is interconnected with at least one of the switches so that when an AC voltage is supplied to one of the switches,-'the-first and'second response means are activated if they permit current flow therethrough, and not activated if neither permits current flow therethrough as when both bulbs are burned out in a traffic controlpedestrian signal. When the AC voltage is applied mom of the switches and the first response, means which may correspond to the Don't bulb is burned out and does not permit current flow therethrough, the gate means prevents actuation of the second electrical response means which may correspond to the electric bulb normally lighting up the Walk portion. of a pedestrian signal.

Preferably the first electrical response means can be activated even if the second electrical response means is defective and does not pennit current. flow therethrough. This is an important feature of the invention as applied to pedestrian traffic control signals. Thus, if the Walk bulb of the Don t Walk circuit is burned out, the Dont bulb will still be operative at the appropriate time to act as a safety signal while the Walk bulb will never light up if the Don't bulb is burned out.

The electrical circuit arrangement of this invention isrelatively uncomplicated and provides for long life particularly in view of solid-state devices used. Moreover, IZO-volt standard traffic control lamps can be used and the necessity for conventional large sized expensive transformers in pedestrian traffic BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other advantages and features of the present invention will be better understoodfronithe following specification when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: I v

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sketch of a preferred embodiment of the fail-safe electrical circuit arrangement of this invention with a pedestrian traffic control signal being diagrammatically represented; v

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of an alternate embodiment thereof;

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of another alternate embodirnent thereof; and,

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of gate circuits in the circuit arrangement of FIG. 3.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS With reference now to the drawings and more particularly FIG. 1, a first preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated at 10 wherein the circuit arrangement comprises a control signals can be avoided. Testing of the arrangements of i this invention can be rapidly carried out with minimum effort.

pedestrian traffic control signal housing diagrammatically shown at 11, a Walk bulb 12 and a Dont bulb 13. Two conventional semiconductor bilateral switches TRl and TR2 are provided interconnected in the circuit arrangement 10 as will be described.

Each of the semiconductor bilateral switches can be conventional gate controlled semiconductor switches as known in the art as for example TRIAK (a product of Radio Corporation of America, No. 40,526) 2-amp switches each having

pins

1, 2 and 3 corresponding to main terminal 1, main terminal 2 and gate terminal 3. v v

The pedestrian signal 11 preferably has l20-

volt lamps

12 and 13 each electrically connected to a

ground

14 and 15 respectively as diagrammatically shown with a second line through their filaments interconnected with

terminals

16 and 17. The signal 11 is of a conventional type as described in said above-noted patent where upper and lower reflectors contain Don't bulb 13 and Walk bulb 12 respectively with corresponding glass stencil fronts. A second Walk bulb is carried by the lower reflector. A conventional current supply is provided with timing means for alternately powering the Walk bulb and the Don't,

Walk bulbs

12, 13.

A mechanical switch 18 is provided interconnected with an AC l20-volt current supply through a controller as is wellknown, and is interconnected withpin 2 of TRI. Pin 3 of TR1 is in series with pin 3 of TR2 and bulb 13 through an electrical connection between pin 2 of TR2 and terminal 17. Preferably a 10K resistor 19 is provided to protect the gates at pins 3 of 'I'Rl and TR2. Pins 1 of TRl and TR2 are electrically connccted by

wires

22 and 23 through terminal 16 to the Walk bulb 12 which is connected to the ground as indicated at 14.

From the above description, it will be understood that there is a gate circuit passing through on-off switch 18,

pins

2 and 3 of TR],

pins

3 and 2 of TR2, bulb 13 to ground 15. If the Don't bulb 13 has a burned out filament, no current will pass through the Walk bulb 12 since the lack of an active gate circuit will prevent passage of current through both TRl and TR2 in'this case. Thus, neither semiconductor switch will turn on to pennit passage of current to pin 1 of either unless the gate circuit passing through pins 3 of TR! and TR2 is operative through the Dont bulb. On the other hand, even though the Walk bulb 12 may have a burned out filament, and be inoperative, if the Don't bulb is not defective, current can still pass through the gate circuits and the Dont bulb will be illuminated upon actuation by the AC power supply through mechanical switch 18, pins 2 to l of TR! and pin 1 to 2 of TR2 to Dont lamp 13 and ground 15.

One advantage of the preferred embodiment described above is the ease of testing the device. Thus, if either TR1 or TR2 is removed from the circuit both lights will be turned off since neither TRI nor TR2 will work without the other and either one can be tested by removing the other.

One hundred twenty-volt lamps or bulbs can be used with a standard l20-volt AC power supply.

circuit is so fast that the Don't light is actuated substantially simultaneously and a pedestrian will not be able to determine which light goes on first.

Turning now to the embodiment of FIG. 2, identical elements of the circuit arrangements 20 are numbered the same as corresponding elements in the embodiment of FIG, I.

In embodiment 20, line 22 from pin 1 to line 23 interconnecting pin I of TR2 and bulb I2 is eliminated and pin I of TRl is connected directly to Walk bulb I2 while pin 1 of TR2 is connected directly to Don't bulb I3. A resistor (preferably IO I( resistor) 21 is provided between

pins

1 and 3 of TR2 and switch 18 provides AC power to both pin 2 of TRl and pin 2 of TR2. Resistor 19 in this embodiment is a 3.9K resistor. In this embodiment, TRl does not carry the total current of both bulbs as is the case in the embodiment of FIG. 1. Moreover, if the Don't bulb is operative, it will be activated by AC current flow through TR2 even though the Walk bulb 12 may be inoperative clue to the fact that passage of the current through the gate of TR2 is permitted since a gate current is established between switch 18, pins 2 and 3 of TR2, through K resistor 21 to pin 1 of TR2. If the Dont bulb 13 is burned out, TR2 can't turn on and

pins

2 and 3 of TR2 have no voltage across them and no current flow is possible.

Pins

3 and 2 of TR] are at the same AC potential which keeps TRl turned off in this case. When Don't bulb 13 is operative, there is a small voltage drop across TR2 so that TRl will turn on. If the Walk light 12 is burned out, the Don t will still turn on since the Walk light is in parallel circuit arrangement to the Don't light and would not affect the working of the Don t light. This is so since there will still be a voltage difference between

pins

2 and 3 of TR2 since the resistor 21 completes the gate circuit of TR2. In this embodiment, the gate circuits of H11 and TR2 are in series with Don't bulb 13 but are not in series with each other as in the embodiment of FIG. 1. The circuit arrangement accomplishes the same function as the circuit arrangement 10. Moreover, neither bilateral switch TR] or TR2 carries the total current of both bulbs allowing the use of lower rated bilateral switch components.

Turning now to the embodiment of FIG. 3, an alternate circuit arrangement is illustrated wherein corresponding parts of circuit arrangement 30 and

circuit arrangements

10 and 20 are indicated by corresponding numbers.

In this embodiment, pin 1 of TRl is grounded at 32, gate circuit resistor 19 is replaced by a resistor 3] connecting pin 3 of TR! and pin 2 ofTR2 and having a value of 2.6K. The lamp wiring in this embodiment is slightly more difficult than the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 since one terminal of Walk bulb 12 is connected to AC positive while the other terminal is connected to pin 2 of TRl. AC positive current is supplied through switch 18 to pin 1 of TR2. The gate circuits of TR! and TR2 are. illustrated at FIG. 4 where-the arrows represent current flow in the gate circuits ot'TRl and TR2.

The Dont bulb 12 can be turned on if its filament is intact since there is a ground potential at pin 2 of TR2 which completes a gate circuit to pin 3 of TR2 through resistor 21 to pin 1 of TR2 which is at AC potential. In this case, a ground potential is applied to pin 2 of TR2 through resistor 31 to pin 3 of TR! which completes a circuit between

pins

1 and 2 of TR] to bulb 12 thus turning on the Walk bulb 12. In this embodi-' ment, each of the gate circuits of TR! and TR2 are in series' with the Don't bulb 13 but are not in series with each other. Thus, if the Don't bulb 13 is burned out, the Don't and Walk bulbs will be inoperative; If the Walk bulb is inoperative,'the Don't bulb will still be actuated by the onoiT switch 18. As in the embodiment ofFIG. 2, the Don't bulb is in series with'e ach of the gate circuits but the gate circuits are not in series with each other. A

While specific embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it should be understood that many variations thereof are possible. For example, the specific values given for the solid-state switches, current supply and resistors can vary in different circuit arrangements. Other than standard l20-v0lt bulbs can be used. In some cases, the circuit arrangement can be used for responsemearisbther than bulbs such as bells, alarm signals, on-off control devices and the like.

In view of the many modifications possible, this invention is to be limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. A fail-safe electrical circuit arrangement comprising:

first and second semiconductor bilateral switches each having a first and second terminal and a gate terminal,

a resistive gate circuit interconnecting the gate terminal of said first switch and the gate terminal of said second switch,

a first signal light for displaying a proceed indication coupled to said first terminal of said first semiconductor switch,

a second signal light for displaying a don't indication coupled to either said first or said second terminal of said second semiconductor switch,

and a source of alternating current coupled to at least said first semiconductor switch, said first and second switches permitting current flow through both said first and second signal lights when said lights are operative and preventing current flow through both said first and second signal lights when said second signal light is inoperative.

2. A fail-safe electrical circuit arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first and second signal lights each comprise at least one electric bulb.

3. A fail-safe electrical circuit arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said source of alternating current is interconnected with the second terminal of said first bilateral switch,

and a first terminal of said second bilateral switch is interconnected with said first signal light and a second terminal of said second bilateral switch is interconnected with said second signal light.

4. A fail-safe electrical circuit arrangement in accordance with claim I wherein said second terminals of said first and second bilateral switches are interconnected with said source of alternating current,

and said first terminal of said second bilateral switch is interconnected with said second signal light.

5. A fail-safe circuit adapted for use in a traffic control system comprising:

first and second semiconductor bilateral switches each having a first terminal, a second terminal, and a gate terminal,

a first signal light for displaying a proceed indication coupled to said first terminal of said first semiconductor bilateral switch,

a second signal light for displaying a don't indication coupled to the first terminal of said second switch,

. a source of alternating current,

resistive means intercoupling the gate terminals of said first and second switches,

and switch means coupled from said source to the second terminals of said first and second switches for supplying current to said semiconductor switches.

6. A fail-safe circuit in accordance with claim 5 including a second resistive means interconnecting the first terminal and gate terminal of said second bilateral switch.

7. A fail-safe circuit adapted for use in a traffic control system comprising: 7

. a source of alternating current coupled to thejfirst terminal of the second bilateral switch,

a first signal light for displaying a first indication coupled between the second terminal of said first bilateral switch vand the source of alternating current,

a second signal light for displaying a second indication coupled to the second terminal of said second switch, and resistive means intercoupling the gate terminal of said first bilateral switch with the second terminal of said second bilateral switch,

said first and second bilateral switches adapted to cause conduction through said first and second signal lights when both said signal lights are operative and to prevent current flow through both said first and second signal lights when said second signal light is inoperative.

8. A fail-safe circuit adapted for use in a traffic control system coupled to a first signal light for displaying a proceed indication and a second signal light for indicating a stop condition comprising:

first and second semiconductor bidirectional switches each having a first terminal, a second terminal, and a gate ter minal, a resistive gate circuit interconnecting the gate terminals of said first and second semiconductor switches,

" said first signal light coupled to said first terminal oi said first-semiconductor switch, said second signal light coupled to either said first or second terminals of said second semiconductor switch,

and a source of alternating current coupled to at least said

Claims

1. A fail-safe electrical circuit arrangement comprising: first and second semiconductor bilateral switches each having a first and second terminal and a gate terminal, a resistive gate circuit interconnecting the gate terminal of said first switch and the gate terminal of said second switch, a first signal light for displaying a proceed indication coupled to said first terminal of said first semiconductor switch, a second signal light for displaying a don''t indication coupled to either said first or said second terminal of said second semiconductor switch, and a source of alternating current coupled to at least said first semiconductor switch, said first and second switches permitting current flow through both said first and second signal lights when said lights are operative and preventing current flow through both said first and second signal lights when said second signal light is inoperative.

3. A fail-safe electrical circuit arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said source of alternating current is interconnected with the second terminal of said first bilateral switch, and a first terminal of said second bilateral switch is interconnected with said first signal light and a second terminal of said second bilateral switch is interconnected with said second signal light.

4. A fail-safe electRical circuit arrangement in accordance with claim 1 wherein said second terminals of said first and second bilateral switches are interconnected with said source of alternating current, and said first terminal of said second bilateral switch is interconnected with said second signal light.

5. A fail-safe circuit adapted for use in a traffic control system comprising: first and second semiconductor bilateral switches each having a first terminal, a second terminal, and a gate terminal, a first signal light for displaying a proceed indication coupled to said first terminal of said first semiconductor bilateral switch, a second signal light for displaying a don''t indication coupled to the first terminal of said second switch, a source of alternating current, resistive means intercoupling the gate terminals of said first and second switches, and switch means coupled from said source to the second terminals of said first and second switches for supplying current to said semiconductor switches.

7. A fail-safe circuit adapted for use in a traffic control system comprising: first and second semiconductor bilateral switches each having a first terminal, a second terminal, and a gate terminal, a source of alternating current coupled to the first terminal of the second bilateral switch, a first signal light for displaying a first indication coupled between the second terminal of said first bilateral switch and the source of alternating current, a second signal light for displaying a second indication coupled to the second terminal of said second switch, and resistive means intercoupling the gate terminal of said first bilateral switch with the second terminal of said second bilateral switch, said first and second bilateral switches adapted to cause conduction through said first and second signal lights when both said signal lights are operative and to prevent current flow through both said first and second signal lights when said second signal light is inoperative.

8. A fail-safe circuit adapted for use in a traffic control system coupled to a first signal light for displaying a proceed indication and a second signal light for indicating a stop condition comprising: first and second semiconductor bidirectional switches each having a first terminal, a second terminal, and a gate terminal, a resistive gate circuit interconnecting the gate terminals of said first and second semiconductor switches, said first signal light coupled to said first terminal of said first semiconductor switch, said second signal light coupled to either said first or second terminals of said second semiconductor switch, and a source of alternating current coupled to at least said first semiconductor switch, said first and second switches permitting current flow through both of said first and second signal lights when said lights are operative and preventing current flow through both said first and second signal lights when said second signal light is inoperative.