US3725196A - Fibrous base felt containing cellulosic fibers, 10% to 50% asbestos fibers, and 1% to 5% of water soluble cationic polyacrylic resin as a drainage aid - Google Patents
Fibrous base felt containing cellulosic fibers, 10% to 50% asbestos fibers, and 1% to 5% of water soluble cationic polyacrylic resin as a drainage aid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3725196A US3725196A US00026805A US3725196DA US3725196A US 3725196 A US3725196 A US 3725196A US 00026805 A US00026805 A US 00026805A US 3725196D A US3725196D A US 3725196DA US 3725196 A US3725196 A US 3725196A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- asbestos
- felt
- polyacrylic resin
- water soluble
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001055 blue pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100264195 Caenorhabditis elegans app-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
- D21H13/38—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous
- D21H13/42—Asbestos
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
- D21H5/12—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials
- D21H5/18—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials of inorganic fibres with or without cellulose fibres
- D21H5/183—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials of inorganic fibres with or without cellulose fibres of asbestos fibres
Definitions
- the fibrous support layer usually consists of either a cellulosic fiber felt or a mineral fiber felt, the felt being impregnated with a synthetic resin saturant usually of the synthetic rubber type.
- a cellulosic fiber felt or a mineral fiber felt, the felt being impregnated with a synthetic resin saturant usually of the synthetic rubber type.
- One of the problems associated with the prior art cellulosic felts has been to achieve equal dimensional stability in all types of felts, whether they be composed of kraft fibers, rag fibers or the like.
- Prior art has indicated that the incorporation of l-5 percent of mineral fibers such as asbestos fibers improves the dimensional stability of the cellulose felts. However, when the asbestos fibers were incorporated at levels of -50 percent, the dimensional stability of the felts improved markedly over the prior art teachings.
- the primary object of this invention is to produce a fibrous felt including both cellulosic and asbestos fibers which may be produced on conventional paper making machinery.
- Still a further object of this invention is to provide a fibrous felt which may be utilized to produce a greatly improved surface covering.
- Yet another object of this invention is to produce a fibrous felt from a slurry of cellulosic and asbestos fibers including a polymeric drainage aid.
- Still another object of this invention' is to produce a fibrous felt containing both asbestos and cellulosic fibers and having increased freeness in the manufacturing of the felt.
- a slurry of the cellulosic fibers is first prepared and is then mixed with a slurry of the asbestos fibers and the polymeric drainage aid. After the slurries are mixed, the fibers are then saturated with the desired binder, which may be of the type well known in the art, such as latex.
- the desired binder which may be of the type well known in the art, such as latex.
- the presence of about 10 to about 50 percent of asbestos fibers by weight corresponds to about 1 part to about 9 parts of cellulose fiber per part of asbestos fiber.
- the preferred drainage aid used in the practice of this invention is marketed under the trade name Resyn 6002 of the National Starch Company.
- This resin is a water soluble cationic polyacrylic resin.
- Typical non-limiting examples of the fiber slurry and the saturant used therewith are as follows:
- the saturant After the saturant has completely saturated the sheet, it is dried in the usual manner.
- the resultant slurry mixture had the following relative percentages of asbestos and cellulose fibers by weight and the following percentage of drainage aid:
- a base felt for resinous surface coverings is formed containing both asbestos fibers and cellulosic fibers.
- the dimensional stability of the base felt thus formed is markedly increased, and the method of forming the felts may be utilized with standard paper machinery.
- a method of making a fibrous base felt consisting essentially of:
- said cellulosic fibers include a mixture of kraft and rag fibers.
Abstract
A fibrous base felt which includes cellulosic fibers, 10 percent to 50 percent asbestos fibers, and 1 percent to 5 percent of water soluble cationic polyacrylic resin is produced by separately forming a cellulosic fibrous slurry and an asbestos fibrous slurry, adding the polyacrylic resin to the asbestos fibrous slurry, mixing the slurries, and thereafter forming and drying the produced felt. Binders may be employed to saturate the felt subsequent to drying.
Description
United States Patent 1191 Winters [4 1- Apr. 3, 1973 [54] FIBROUS BASE FELT CONTAINING CELLULOSIC FIBERS, TO ASBESTOS FIBERS, AND 1% TO 5% OF WATER SOLUBLE CATIONIC POLYACRYLIC RESIN AS A DRAINAGE AID [7 51 Inventor: Donald C. Winters, Plainfield, NJ.
[73] Assignee: Congoleum Industries, Inc., Kearny,
[22] Filed: Apr. 8, 1970 [21] App1.No.: 26,805
[52] US. Cl. ..l62/145,162/155, 162/168, 162/183 [51] Int. Cl. ..D21h 5/18, D21h 3/38 [58] Field of Search ..162/l45,155,152, 164,168, 162/183; 161/205 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,562,097 2/1971 Hazmburg ..162/ X 2,868,641 1/1959 Feigley; ..l62/l55 3,480,847 11/1969 Sewell 61 al... ....162/145 x 3,554,860 1 1971 Lacroix 162/145 3,270,846 9/1966 Al'ledtel' et al. .162/145 x 3,441,474 4/1969 I'IlltCI'lIllS et al. ..162/
Primary ExaminerS. Leon Bashore Assistant ExaminerRichard H. Tushin Att0rney-Richard T. Laughlin and Shlesinger, Arkwright & Garvey 57 ABSTRACT 3 Claims, No Drawings FIBROUS BASE FELT CONTAINING CELLULOSIC FIBERS, 10% TO 50% ASBESTOS FIBERS, AND 1% TO 5% OF WATER SOLUBLE CATIONIC POLYACRYLIC RESIN AS A DRAINAGE AID This invention relates to an improved fibrous base felt, and more particularly to an improved fibrous base felt including both asbestos and cellulosic fibers.
In recent years, resinous surface coverings, and particularly, vinyl surface coverings have been increasingly common and popular in both residential and commercial buildings. The versatility of this type of surface covering has lended itself to both sheet material and tile-like surface coverings. In the manufacture of surface coverings of this type, a resinous wear-like layer is formed on or laminated to a fibrous substrate, and a cushion layer may be interposed between the wear layer and the fibrous layer.
The fibrous support layer usually consists of either a cellulosic fiber felt or a mineral fiber felt, the felt being impregnated with a synthetic resin saturant usually of the synthetic rubber type. One of the problems associated with the prior art cellulosic felts has been to achieve equal dimensional stability in all types of felts, whether they be composed of kraft fibers, rag fibers or the like. Prior art has indicated that the incorporation of l-5 percent of mineral fibers such as asbestos fibers improves the dimensional stability of the cellulose felts. However, when the asbestos fibers were incorporated at levels of -50 percent, the dimensional stability of the felts improved markedly over the prior art teachings.
However, one major problem still existedwhen the asbestos fiber was included at this higher level. The freeness of the stock had to be reduced sufficiently to permit the product to be made on conventional paper machinery.
Accordingly, the primary object of this invention is to produce a fibrous felt including both cellulosic and asbestos fibers which may be produced on conventional paper making machinery.
Still a further object of this invention is to provide a fibrous felt which may be utilized to produce a greatly improved surface covering.
Yet another object of this invention is to produce a fibrous felt from a slurry of cellulosic and asbestos fibers including a polymeric drainage aid.
Still another object of this invention'is to produce a fibrous felt containing both asbestos and cellulosic fibers and having increased freeness in the manufacturing of the felt.
These and other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent when considered together with the following description and claims.
It has been found that if asbestos fibers are incorporated together with cellulosic fibers such as kraft fibers in'the production of a felt base, the asbestos fibers being present in an amount of about 10 to about 50 percent by weight, the freeness of the stock had to be reduced in order to permit manufacture of the base felt on a conventional paper machine. In order to accomplish the reduction of the freeness to a sufficiently great extent, it has been found that the incorporation of a polymeric drainage aid at a level of about 1 to about 5 percent by dry weight of the fibers into the fibrous slurry provides the necessary freeness in the furnish. In the preferred embodiment, a slurry of the cellulosic fibers is first prepared and is then mixed with a slurry of the asbestos fibers and the polymeric drainage aid. After the slurries are mixed, the fibers are then saturated with the desired binder, which may be of the type well known in the art, such as latex. The presence of about 10 to about 50 percent of asbestos fibers by weight corresponds to about 1 part to about 9 parts of cellulose fiber per part of asbestos fiber.
It has been found that without the incorporation of the polymeric drainage aid into the fibrous slurry, the slurry does not have the freeness required for processing on the conventional paper machinery. The preferred drainage aid used in the practice of this invention is marketed under the trade name Resyn 6002 of the National Starch Company. This resin is a water soluble cationic polyacrylic resin.
Typical non-limiting examples of the fiber slurry and the saturant used therewith are as follows:
EXAMPLE I A slurry of the following formula was prepared, and slurried at 2 percent consistency:
- Water 6837.0 g Linerboard kraft 77.5 g Wood flour 28.0 g White rag felt 34.5 g
550 gm wet cellulose X 2% consistency =l 1.0 gm dry cellulose 175 gm wet asbestos X 2% consistency =3.5 gm dry asbestos Total =l4.5 gm dry fibers i 1 100%= 24.1 asbestos fibers 14.5 g %=75.9Z; cellulose fibers 23.3 gm. Resyn 6002 o 2 725 gm slurry X 100/ 3.2% Resyn 6002 A sheet was then formed from the slurry and dried, and the sheet was then saturated using a saturant having the following formula:
Water 712.0 g Silicone defoamer 0.] g Triton 1.1 g Microcrystalline wax 3.8 g Melamine Resin 154.0 g Catalyst 17.7 g Firestone Latex 106.5 g Blue pigment 4.5 g
After the saturant has completely saturated the sheet, it is dried in the usual manner.
EXAMPLE I] A slurry was formed and slurried at 2 percent con sistency and having the following content:
Water 6860.0 g Pine kraft fiber 93.0 g Wood flour 21.0 g White rag fibers 26.0 g
Five hundred and fifty g of the above mixture was mixed with 175 g of a 2 percent slurry of asbestos fibers in water containing 23.3 g of Resyn 6002. The resultant slurry mixture had the following relative percentages of asbestos and cellulose fibers by weight and the following percentage of drainage aid:
550 gm. wet collulose 2% consistency=1LO gm. dry
While this invention has been described, it will be understood that it is capable of further modification, and
this
application is intended to cover any variations,
used and/or adaptations of the invention following in general, the principle of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the invention pertains, and as may be applied to the essential features hereinbefore set forth, as fall within the scope of the invention or the limits of the appended claims.
cellulose 175 gm. wet asbostos 2% consistency 3.5 mg. dry asbestos Total=14.5 gm. dry fibers X 100 24.1% asbestos fibers 23.3 gm. Resyn 6002 725 gm. slurry X 100% 75.9% cellulose fibers X100%=3.2% Resyn 6002 After mixing, forming a sheet, and drying the resultant sheet was saturated with a saturant having the following formula:
Water Silicone defoamer Triton Microcrystalline wax UF Resin Melamine Catalyst Firestone latex Blue pigment After the saturant has completely saturated the sheet, they are dried in the usual manner.
In the manner of the two examples, a base felt for resinous surface coverings is formed containing both asbestos fibers and cellulosic fibers. The dimensional stability of the base felt thus formed is markedly increased, and the method of forming the felts may be utilized with standard paper machinery.
What I claim is:
A method of making a fibrous base felt consisting essentially of:
1 and wherein:
said cellulosic fibers include a mixture of kraft and rag fibers. The product produced by the method of claim 1.
Claims (2)
- 2. A method of making a fibrous base felt as in claim 1 and wherein: a. said cellulosic fibers include a mixture of kraft and rag fibers.
- 3. The product produced by the method of claim 1.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2680570A | 1970-04-08 | 1970-04-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3725196A true US3725196A (en) | 1973-04-03 |
Family
ID=21833881
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00026805A Expired - Lifetime US3725196A (en) | 1970-04-08 | 1970-04-08 | Fibrous base felt containing cellulosic fibers, 10% to 50% asbestos fibers, and 1% to 5% of water soluble cationic polyacrylic resin as a drainage aid |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3725196A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA945412A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4430157A (en) | 1981-04-07 | 1984-02-07 | Lalancette Jean M | Calcined serpentine as inorganic charge in sheet materials |
| US4609431A (en) * | 1984-07-26 | 1986-09-02 | Congoleum Corporation | Non-woven fibrous composite materials and method for the preparation thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2868641A (en) * | 1956-07-20 | 1959-01-13 | Armstrong Cork Co | Beater saturated sheets having increased strength |
| US3270846A (en) * | 1961-04-10 | 1966-09-06 | Borg Warner | Friction member with friction material |
| US3441474A (en) * | 1965-12-20 | 1969-04-29 | Johns Manville | Paper for graphic arts consisting of asbestos fibers,acrylic resin,and size |
| US3480847A (en) * | 1966-05-11 | 1969-11-25 | Kimberly Clark Co | Dielectric capacitor with impregnated paper between the electrodes,said paper containing cellulosic fibers and amphibolic asbestos |
| US3554860A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1971-01-12 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | Organic fiber-anthophyllite fiber sheet as a friction material |
| US3562097A (en) * | 1967-01-30 | 1971-02-09 | United States Gypsum Co | Multi-ply cylinder paper of reduced machine-to-cross direction tensile strength ratio |
-
1970
- 1970-04-08 US US00026805A patent/US3725196A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1971
- 1971-04-05 CA CA109,595A patent/CA945412A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2868641A (en) * | 1956-07-20 | 1959-01-13 | Armstrong Cork Co | Beater saturated sheets having increased strength |
| US3270846A (en) * | 1961-04-10 | 1966-09-06 | Borg Warner | Friction member with friction material |
| US3441474A (en) * | 1965-12-20 | 1969-04-29 | Johns Manville | Paper for graphic arts consisting of asbestos fibers,acrylic resin,and size |
| US3480847A (en) * | 1966-05-11 | 1969-11-25 | Kimberly Clark Co | Dielectric capacitor with impregnated paper between the electrodes,said paper containing cellulosic fibers and amphibolic asbestos |
| US3562097A (en) * | 1967-01-30 | 1971-02-09 | United States Gypsum Co | Multi-ply cylinder paper of reduced machine-to-cross direction tensile strength ratio |
| US3554860A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1971-01-12 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | Organic fiber-anthophyllite fiber sheet as a friction material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4430157A (en) | 1981-04-07 | 1984-02-07 | Lalancette Jean M | Calcined serpentine as inorganic charge in sheet materials |
| US4609431A (en) * | 1984-07-26 | 1986-09-02 | Congoleum Corporation | Non-woven fibrous composite materials and method for the preparation thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA945412A (en) | 1974-04-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: N & R FUNDING CORP., 976 MARKET STREET EXTENSION, Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CONGOLEUM CORPORATION A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:004300/0888 Effective date: 19840601 Owner name: CONGOLEUM CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:N & R FUNDING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004300/0182 Effective date: 19840604 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CONGOLEUM CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE., ORGANIZED I Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CONGOLEUM CORPORATION, A CORP OF DE. ORGANIZED IN 1984;REEL/FRAME:004598/0171 Effective date: 19860621 Owner name: CONGOLEUM CORPORATION, 195 BELGROVE DRIVE, KEARNY, Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CONGOLEUM CORPORATION, A CORP OF DE. ORGANIZED IN 1984;REEL/FRAME:004598/0171 Effective date: 19860621 |