US3733862A - Combined mechanical and photoelectric lock - Google Patents
Combined mechanical and photoelectric lock Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3733862A US3733862A US00155573A US3733862DA US3733862A US 3733862 A US3733862 A US 3733862A US 00155573 A US00155573 A US 00155573A US 3733862D A US3733862D A US 3733862DA US 3733862 A US3733862 A US 3733862A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- key
- lock
- insert
- detector
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
- G07F7/02—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by keys or other credit registering devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B49/00—Electric permutation locks; Circuits therefor ; Mechanical aspects of electronic locks; Mechanical keys therefor
- E05B49/002—Keys with mechanical characteristics, e.g. notches, perforations, opaque marks
- E05B49/006—Keys with mechanical characteristics, e.g. notches, perforations, opaque marks actuating opto-electronic devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S70/00—Locks
- Y10S70/51—Light sensitive control means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T70/00—Locks
- Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
- Y10T70/7051—Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
- Y10T70/7062—Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A combined mechanical and photoelectric lock.
- the mechanical lock is a conventional key operated tumbler lock.
- One portion of the key is provided either with a series of small holes or with an insert having a pattern of light and dark areas.
- a light beam is directed through the holes or the insert and is focused by an optical system on a photodetector which determines whether the projected pattem is valid or invalid.
- the invention relates to a lock which has a first mechanically operated locking element and a second photoelectrically operated locking element.
- the invention consists, essentially of the combination of a key operated mechanical lock and a photoelectric lock with the key including means to filter a light beam into a particular, unique pattern which may be recognized by a photodetector.
- the lock may be employed either as a two criteria security lock where both the mechanical and photoelectric combinations must be met simultaneously before the lock can be operated or, alternatively, as a two stage lock where the mechanical lock can be operated regardless of whether or not the photoelectric conditions are met, but where the photoelectric lock can operate only after the mechanical lock has operated.
- the reverse arrangement where meeting of the photoelectric lock criteria must be achieved prior to operation of the mechanical lock is also possible. The latter two arrangements may be used, for example, to provide different personal with different levels of access or freedom of operation.
- the mechanical lock may permit access to a particular room while the photoelectric lock must be released before certain equipment within the room can be operated. In such a situation, a person having a key which operates the mechanical but not the photoelectric lock would be permitted to enter the room but not to operate the controlled equipment. Numerous other uses of the lock combination of the present invention are, of course, possible.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a key having an identifying insert for use with the lock of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevational view of the identifying insert
- FIG. 4 is a schematic showing the mechanical and photoelectric lock of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of a second embodiment of the key used with the lock of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic showing of a second detector circuit.
- the invention comprises, essentially, a key which is notched in the conventional manner to operate the tumblers of a mechanical lock and which includes an insert having a unique pattern which, when the key is inserted into the lock, intersects a light beam to produce an identifying pattern.
- the light beam is projected onto a photosensitive target and suitable detection circuitry reads the projected image pattern to determine its authenticity.
- FIGS. 1-3 there is shown one embodiment of the key used in the lock of the present invention.
- the key designated generally by the reference number 10
- the key is intended to co-operate with a tumbler type lock and the notches and intervening projections operate the tumblers of the lock.
- a recessed area 18 is provided on the shank portion 12 of the key 10 and a hole 20 extends through the key, with the hole 20 being centered with the recessed portion 18.
- Received within the recess 18 is an insert 22, which is shown on an enlarged scale in FIG. 3.
- the insert 22 has a body portion 24 which is, preferably, of the same configuration and dimensions as the recess 18 so as to have a tight fit and proper alignment within the recess. Holes 26 may be provided in the insert 22 for engaging small aligning pins 32 in the key, if desired.
- the center portion 30 of the insert which overlies the hole 20 through the key shank has a transparent region or regions 32 and an opaque region or regions 34. The regions 32 and 34 are arranged to provide a unique pattern serving to provide identifying data.
- the insert 22 may be microfilm, in which event the regions 32 are transparent portions of the film while the regions 34 are opaque portions of the film.
- the insert 22 may be microfilm, in which event the regions 32 are transparent portions of the film while the regions 34 are opaque portions of the film.
- the insert it is also possible to make the insert of an opaque material, in which case the regions 32 would consist of openings cut through the material. With this arrangement, of course, there is the limitation that the regions 32 must be so arranged so as to leave no isolated opaque regions 34.
- the insert 22 intersects the path of a light beam 38 originating from a suitable source 40.
- the system includes a lens 42 for focusing the light beam 38 on a photoelectric sensitive target 44.
- a recognition circuit 46 compares the signal produced by the target 44 in response to the light beam 38 with a known signal to determine if the signal corresponding to the identifying pattern of the insert 22 is an authentic identifying signal.
- the output of the recognition system 46 may be used to control any action or device desired. Recognition circuits of the type employed here are well known in the art.
- the target consists of an 8X8 matrix of photocells 48.
- the horizontal rows of the matrix are designated by numerals 1-8, respectively, and the vertical rows by letters ah, respectively.
- the individual photocells can be identified as 48-1a, 48- lb, etc.
- Each of the photocells 48 is connected to a conductor 50 corresponding to the horizontal row in which the photocell is located and to a conductor 52 corresponding to the vertical row in which the photocell is located. With this arrangement, sequential scanning or reading of the conductors 50-1 to 50-8 and 50-a to 50-h permits the sensing of each individual photocell of the matrix.
- the recognition circuit 46 senses the value of each photocell, that is the amount of illumination present at that photocell as represented by the current output of the photocell in question, and compares this value with a known value to determine if the pattern projected on the matrix corresponds to an authentic or valid pattern.
- the scanning and recognition circuits are well known to those familiar with the data reading and identifying arts and are, therefore, not described or illustrated in detail herein. Any suitable scanning or reading circuits and recognition circuits capable of performing the comparison of the projected image with a known image may be employed.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a second embodiment of the key of the present invention.
- the key 60 which has a shank 62 notched along one edge, as indicated at 64, to operate the tumblers of a mechanical lock, is provided with a series of small diameter holes 66 in the shank portion of the key.
- the holes 66 are arranged to form a unique pattern, identifying the particular key.
- the key is used in a combined mechanical photoelectric lock similar to that shown in FIG. 4 with the holes 66 of the key intersecting the light beam to project the identifying image to a photoelectric target. Again the target is scanned or read to detect the projected image and the projected image is compared to a standard image to determine the validity of the projected image.
- Another form of the detector is illustrated in FIG. 7.
- This detector includes a mask 70 having an opening 72 corresponding to the desired configuration of the key insert 22.
- the mask 70 is located closely adjacent a photodetector 74.
- a detection circuit 76 which is essentially a threshold detector circuit, determines, from the signal produced by the photodetector 74 in response to the projected image, the validity of the projected image.
- the mask 70 is preferably movable, as indicated by the arrow 78, so that false detection is eliminated. For example, if a pattern other than a cross-shaped one is projected onto a mask which has a cross-shaped opening, the projected pattern may completely cover the opening of the mask 70 falsely indicating that a valid image has been projected. However, if the mask is shifted, there will be a sharp decline in the output signal of the detector '74 for a valid image but a less sharp decline if the projected image is an invalid one.
- the detection of a valid identifying signal by the photoelectric detector may be used to control and/or authorize any desired function. If the detector arrangement is located so that the insert of the key intersects the light beam only when the key has been turned in the lock to an unlocked position, the system serves to provide two degrees of security since both the mechanical requirements of the lock, as represented by the notch pattern of the key, and the correct identifying insert, as detected by the photodetector, must be present to produce a validation signal. Conversely, with the key operating the photodetector when in the locked position, the photoelectric criteria must be met regardless of whether the mechanical criteria are also met. While the two locking criteria are interdependent, they may be used to control separate functions. Thus, the mechanical lock may be used to control access to a particular area while the photoelectric lock controls the operation of specific equipment within the area.
- the insert may be readily changed and the stored pattern in the recognition circuit also changed when desired. This is of particular value where the key is used to operate a vending machine for purchases on credit as it permits periodic replacement of unauthorized keys to control credit losses. It is also contemplated that more than one insert or more than one series of holes may be provided and that the validating action can employ either all of the inserts to provide a larger number of possible combinations or a selected one of the inserts, making the duplication of the key more difficult. In the latter arrangement it is possible, by moving the light source and the photodetector, to use different ones of the insert at different times for validation.
- a combined mechanical and photoelectric lock comprising:
- a key for operating the mechanical lock having an opening extending therethrough
- a light source projecting a beam of light onto the insert when the key is inserted into the lock to project an image of the light transmitting areas
- circuit means responsive to the detector for determining if the projected image corresponds to a predetermined image.
- the lock according to claim 1 further including a lens for focusing the image onto the detector.
- a two criteria lock comprising:
- a key for operating the mechanical lock having at least one hole extending therethrough;
- the insert having an identifying pattern of opaque and translucent areas
- photoelectric detector means located on the opposite side of the key from the light projecting means for receiving the portion of the light beam which passes through the insert, the detector means including means for comparing the projected portion a recess surrounding the hole, the insert being received of the light beam with a predetermined pattern to within the recess.
Abstract
A combined mechanical and photoelectric lock. The mechanical lock is a conventional key operated tumbler lock. One portion of the key is provided either with a series of small holes or with an insert having a pattern of light and dark areas. A light beam is directed through the holes or the insert and is focused by an optical system on a photodetector which determines whether the projected pattern is valid or invalid.
Description
United States Patent 1 Killmeyer [4 1 May 22, 1973 [54] COMBINED MECHANICAL AND 3,029,345 4/1962 Douglas ..250/208 PHOTOELECTRIC LOCK OTHER PUBLICATIONS [75] Inventor: ggl Kmmeyer Youngstown IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin; Chase et al.;
1968-12; v01. 11, No. 738, 739, 70-278 [73] Assignees; Elsie Marie M Th G, IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin; Arrabito et al.;
Welsh; Michael J. Kardas, Jr., Youngstown, Ohio part interest to each Filed: June 22, 1971 Appl. No.: 155,573
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 7/1935 Nelson ..70/277 1970-02; Vol. 12, No. 9; PP 1473, 1474; 70-277 Primary Examiner-Joseph H. McGlynn Attorney-Peter L. Klempay [57] ABSTRACT A combined mechanical and photoelectric lock. The mechanical lock is a conventional key operated tumbler lock. One portion of the key is provided either with a series of small holes or with an insert having a pattern of light and dark areas. A light beam is directed through the holes or the insert and is focused by an optical system on a photodetector which determines whether the projected pattem is valid or invalid.
9 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures COMBINED MECHANICAL AND PHOTOELECTRIC LOCK The present invention relates to a lock arrangement in which two distinct criteria must be met before the lock can be operated.
More particularly, the invention relates to a lock which has a first mechanically operated locking element and a second photoelectrically operated locking element.
The invention consists, essentially of the combination of a key operated mechanical lock and a photoelectric lock with the key including means to filter a light beam into a particular, unique pattern which may be recognized by a photodetector. The lock may be employed either as a two criteria security lock where both the mechanical and photoelectric combinations must be met simultaneously before the lock can be operated or, alternatively, as a two stage lock where the mechanical lock can be operated regardless of whether or not the photoelectric conditions are met, but where the photoelectric lock can operate only after the mechanical lock has operated. The reverse arrangement where meeting of the photoelectric lock criteria must be achieved prior to operation of the mechanical lock is also possible. The latter two arrangements may be used, for example, to provide different personal with different levels of access or freedom of operation. For example, the mechanical lock may permit access to a particular room while the photoelectric lock must be released before certain equipment within the room can be operated. In such a situation, a person having a key which operates the mechanical but not the photoelectric lock would be permitted to enter the room but not to operate the controlled equipment. Numerous other uses of the lock combination of the present invention are, of course, possible.
For a more complete understanding of my invention and the objects and advantages thereof reference should be had to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawing wherein there is shown a preferred embodiment of the invention.
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a key having an identifying insert for use with the lock of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevational view of the identifying insert;
FIG. 4 is a schematic showing the mechanical and photoelectric lock of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view ofa second embodiment of the key used with the lock of the present invention; and
FIG. 7 is a schematic showing of a second detector circuit.
The invention comprises, essentially, a key which is notched in the conventional manner to operate the tumblers of a mechanical lock and which includes an insert having a unique pattern which, when the key is inserted into the lock, intersects a light beam to produce an identifying pattern. The light beam is projected onto a photosensitive target and suitable detection circuitry reads the projected image pattern to determine its authenticity.
Referring now to FIGS. 1-3, there is shown one embodiment of the key used in the lock of the present invention. The key, designated generally by the reference number 10, has a shank portion 12 provided with guiding grooves 14 notched along one edge, as indicated at 16, all in the conventional manner. The key is intended to co-operate with a tumbler type lock and the notches and intervening projections operate the tumblers of the lock. A recessed area 18 is provided on the shank portion 12 of the key 10 and a hole 20 extends through the key, with the hole 20 being centered with the recessed portion 18. Received within the recess 18 is an insert 22, which is shown on an enlarged scale in FIG. 3. The insert 22 has a body portion 24 which is, preferably, of the same configuration and dimensions as the recess 18 so as to have a tight fit and proper alignment within the recess. Holes 26 may be provided in the insert 22 for engaging small aligning pins 32 in the key, if desired. The center portion 30 of the insert which overlies the hole 20 through the key shank has a transparent region or regions 32 and an opaque region or regions 34. The regions 32 and 34 are arranged to provide a unique pattern serving to provide identifying data.
The manner in which the transparent regions 32 and the opaque regions 34 are formed on the insert 22 will depend upon the material from which the insert is formed. The invention contemplates that the insert 22 may be microfilm, in which event the regions 32 are transparent portions of the film while the regions 34 are opaque portions of the film. However, it is also possible to make the insert of an opaque material, in which case the regions 32 would consist of openings cut through the material. With this arrangement, of course, there is the limitation that the regions 32 must be so arranged so as to leave no isolated opaque regions 34.
As will be seen from FIG. 4, when the key 10 is inserted into a tumbler lock 36, the insert 22 intersects the path of a light beam 38 originating from a suitable source 40. The system includes a lens 42 for focusing the light beam 38 on a photoelectric sensitive target 44. A recognition circuit 46 compares the signal produced by the target 44 in response to the light beam 38 with a known signal to determine if the signal corresponding to the identifying pattern of the insert 22 is an authentic identifying signal. The output of the recognition system 46 may be used to control any action or device desired. Recognition circuits of the type employed here are well known in the art.
One form of target is shown in FIG. 5. In this embodiment, the target consists of an 8X8 matrix of photocells 48. For ease of description, the horizontal rows of the matrix are designated by numerals 1-8, respectively, and the vertical rows by letters ah, respectively. Thus, the individual photocells can be identified as 48-1a, 48- lb, etc. Each of the photocells 48 is connected to a conductor 50 corresponding to the horizontal row in which the photocell is located and to a conductor 52 corresponding to the vertical row in which the photocell is located. With this arrangement, sequential scanning or reading of the conductors 50-1 to 50-8 and 50-a to 50-h permits the sensing of each individual photocell of the matrix.
When the image produced by the insert is projected onto the target 44 certain of the photocells 48 will be illuminated while others are not. The recognition circuit 46 senses the value of each photocell, that is the amount of illumination present at that photocell as represented by the current output of the photocell in question, and compares this value with a known value to determine if the pattern projected on the matrix corresponds to an authentic or valid pattern. The scanning and recognition circuits are well known to those familiar with the data reading and identifying arts and are, therefore, not described or illustrated in detail herein. Any suitable scanning or reading circuits and recognition circuits capable of performing the comparison of the projected image with a known image may be employed.
FIG. 6 illustrates a second embodiment of the key of the present invention. In this embodiment, the key 60 which has a shank 62 notched along one edge, as indicated at 64, to operate the tumblers of a mechanical lock, is provided with a series of small diameter holes 66 in the shank portion of the key. The holes 66 are arranged to form a unique pattern, identifying the particular key. The key is used in a combined mechanical photoelectric lock similar to that shown in FIG. 4 with the holes 66 of the key intersecting the light beam to project the identifying image to a photoelectric target. Again the target is scanned or read to detect the projected image and the projected image is compared to a standard image to determine the validity of the projected image. Another form of the detector is illustrated in FIG. 7. This detector includes a mask 70 having an opening 72 corresponding to the desired configuration of the key insert 22. The mask 70 is located closely adjacent a photodetector 74. A detection circuit 76, which is essentially a threshold detector circuit, determines, from the signal produced by the photodetector 74 in response to the projected image, the validity of the projected image. The mask 70 is preferably movable, as indicated by the arrow 78, so that false detection is eliminated. For example, if a pattern other than a cross-shaped one is projected onto a mask which has a cross-shaped opening, the projected pattern may completely cover the opening of the mask 70 falsely indicating that a valid image has been projected. However, if the mask is shifted, there will be a sharp decline in the output signal of the detector '74 for a valid image but a less sharp decline if the projected image is an invalid one.
As was pointed out above, the detection of a valid identifying signal by the photoelectric detector may be used to control and/or authorize any desired function. If the detector arrangement is located so that the insert of the key intersects the light beam only when the key has been turned in the lock to an unlocked position, the system serves to provide two degrees of security since both the mechanical requirements of the lock, as represented by the notch pattern of the key, and the correct identifying insert, as detected by the photodetector, must be present to produce a validation signal. Conversely, with the key operating the photodetector when in the locked position, the photoelectric criteria must be met regardless of whether the mechanical criteria are also met. While the two locking criteria are interdependent, they may be used to control separate functions. Thus, the mechanical lock may be used to control access to a particular area while the photoelectric lock controls the operation of specific equipment within the area.
While the outline configuration of the key may be readily duplicated, duplication of the pattern contained on the insert is more difficult and, as a result, the likelyhood of unauthorized persons obtaining duplicates of the keys is substantially reduced. Also, the insert may be readily changed and the stored pattern in the recognition circuit also changed when desired. This is of particular value where the key is used to operate a vending machine for purchases on credit as it permits periodic replacement of unauthorized keys to control credit losses. It is also contemplated that more than one insert or more than one series of holes may be provided and that the validating action can employ either all of the inserts to provide a larger number of possible combinations or a selected one of the inserts, making the duplication of the key more difficult. In the latter arrangement it is possible, by moving the light source and the photodetector, to use different ones of the insert at different times for validation.
It should be understood that while only the best known embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated in detail herein, the invention is not so limited. Reference should therefore be had to the appended claims in determining the true scope of the invention.
I claim:
1. A combined mechanical and photoelectric lock comprising:
a key operated mechanical lock;
a key for operating the mechanical lock, the key having an opening extending therethrough;
an insert secured to the key, covering the opening,
and having a plurality of light transmitting areas;
a light source projecting a beam of light onto the insert when the key is inserted into the lock to project an image of the light transmitting areas;
a photoelectric detector for receiving the projected image; and
circuit means responsive to the detector for determining if the projected image corresponds to a predetermined image.
2. The lock according to claim 1 further including a lens for focusing the image onto the detector.
3. The lock according to claim 1 wherein the insert is a piece of microfilm having transparent and opaque areas.
4. The lock according to claim 1 wherein the light source and the detector are so located that the key intersects the light beam so as to produce the image when the key is in its unlocked position in the mechanical lock.
5. The lock according to claim 1 wherein the light source and the detector are so located that the key intersects the light beam so as to produce the image when the key is in its locked position in the mechanical lock.
6. The lock according to claim 1 wherein the mechanical lock is a tumbler type lock.
7. A two criteria lock, comprising:
a key operated mechanical lock;
a key for operating the mechanical lock, the key having at least one hole extending therethrough;
an insert carried by the key and covering the hole,
the insert having an identifying pattern of opaque and translucent areas;
means for projecting a beam of light onto the insert;
and
photoelectric detector means located on the opposite side of the key from the light projecting means for receiving the portion of the light beam which passes through the insert, the detector means including means for comparing the projected portion a recess surrounding the hole, the insert being received of the light beam with a predetermined pattern to within the recess.
determine the authenticity of the projected por- 9. The lock according to claim 8 wherein the insert tion. is a piece of microfilm. 8. The lock according to claim 7 wherein the key has 5
Claims (9)
1. A combined mechanical and photoelectric lock comprising: a key operated mechanical lock; a key for operating the mechanical lock, the key having an opening extending therethrough; an insert secured to the key, covering the opening, and having a plurality of light transmitting areas; a light source projecting a beam of light onto the insert when the key is inserted into the lock to project an image of the light transmitting areas; a photoelectric detector for receiving the projected image; and circuit means responsive to the detector for determining if the projected image corresponds to a predetermined image.
2. The lock according to claim 1 further including a lens for focusing the image onto the detector.
3. The lock according to claim 1 wherein the insert is a piece of microfilm having transparent and opaque areas.
4. The lock according to claim 1 wherein the light source and the detector are so located that the key intersects the light beam so as to produce the image when the key is in its unlocked position in the mechanical lock.
5. The lock according to claim 1 wherein the light source and the detector are so located that the key intersects the light beam so as to produce the image when the key is in its locked position in the mechanical lock.
6. The lock according to claim 1 wherein the mechanical lock is a tumbler type lock.
7. A two criteria lock, comprising: a key operated mechanical lock; a key for operating the mechanical lock, the key having at least one hole extending therethrough; an insert carried by the key and covering the hole, the insert having an identifying pattern of opaque and translucent areas; means for projecting a beam of light onto the insert; and photoelectric detector means located on the opposite side of the key from the light projecting means for receiving the portion of the light beam which passes through the insert, the detector means including means for comparing the projected portion of the light beam with a predetermined pattern to determine the authenticity of the projected portion.
8. The lock according to claim 7 wherein the key has a recess surrounding the hole, the insert being received within the recess.
9. The lock according to claim 8 wherein the insert is a piece of microfilm.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15557371A | 1971-06-22 | 1971-06-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3733862A true US3733862A (en) | 1973-05-22 |
Family
ID=22555971
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00155573A Expired - Lifetime US3733862A (en) | 1971-06-22 | 1971-06-22 | Combined mechanical and photoelectric lock |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3733862A (en) |
Cited By (57)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3828340A (en) * | 1973-06-15 | 1974-08-06 | D Tek | Intrusion alarm actuating apparatus |
US3870895A (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1975-03-11 | Jacob Lax | Automotive anti-theft device |
US3889501A (en) * | 1973-08-14 | 1975-06-17 | Charles P Fort | Combination electrical and mechanical lock system |
US3902342A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1975-09-02 | Pitney Bowes Inc | Key |
US3962695A (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1976-06-08 | Lawrence Peska Associates, Inc. | Magnetic key lock and alarm |
DE2516283A1 (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1976-10-21 | Nixdorf Computer Ag | Multiple key locking control system - has system of light beams within lock barrel itself corresponding to cut pattern of key |
US4142387A (en) * | 1976-11-19 | 1979-03-06 | Bergkvist Lars A | Identification device |
US4189712A (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1980-02-19 | Lemelson Jerome H | Switch and lock activating system and method |
US4231511A (en) * | 1979-04-17 | 1980-11-04 | Mkd Corporation | Waiter/table control for electronic cash registers |
US4354189A (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1982-10-12 | Lemelson Jerome H | Switch and lock activating system and method |
US4393672A (en) * | 1978-12-13 | 1983-07-19 | Egon Gelhard | Cylinder lock and key assembly |
US4412356A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1983-10-25 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Light actuated remote control security system |
US4415893A (en) * | 1978-06-27 | 1983-11-15 | All-Lock Electronics, Inc. | Door control system |
US4452059A (en) * | 1980-08-08 | 1984-06-05 | Elkem A/S | Lock apparatus |
US4496948A (en) * | 1982-05-26 | 1985-01-29 | Ken Ishizuka | System for initiating the operation of an electronically-operated _device |
US4531842A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-07-30 | Milton Schonberger | Disposable thermometer probe and rating technique therefor |
US4625100A (en) * | 1984-05-09 | 1986-11-25 | Lathem Time Recorder Co., Inc. | Coded data carrier and reader and electronic security tour system employing same |
US4637235A (en) * | 1984-12-10 | 1987-01-20 | Edward Conner | Opto electric combination lock |
EP0216241A1 (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1987-04-01 | BKS GmbH | Cylinder of a lock, especially a profile cylinder of a lock |
US4663952A (en) * | 1985-01-18 | 1987-05-12 | Egon Gelhard | Device for the contactless coupling of the control and output currents between the electronic elements on the locking cylinder and the electronic elements in the key of an electro/mechanical locking device |
GB2198779A (en) * | 1986-12-06 | 1988-06-22 | Kokusan Kinzoku Kogyo Kk | Vehicle anti-theft locking arrangement |
AT388411B (en) * | 1982-01-16 | 1989-06-26 | Bks Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh | KEY AND LOCKING CYLINDER TO BE OPERATED THROUGH |
US4868559A (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1989-09-19 | Universal Photonix, Inc. | Security system employing optical key shape reader |
US4958936A (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1990-09-25 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. | Electric thermometer |
US4983950A (en) * | 1988-06-21 | 1991-01-08 | Sadakatsu Sunami | Car theft proofing system |
WO1992008863A1 (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1992-05-29 | Jury Vitalievich Kudryavtsev | System for preventing unsanctioned switching |
US5119065A (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-06-02 | Wiehagen Fred A | Vehicle protection system |
US5132661A (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1992-07-21 | Universal Photonix, Inc. | Security system employing optical key shape reader |
WO1993012010A1 (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1993-06-24 | Carter Ronald L | Lock with key identifying apparatus and method |
US5337043A (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1994-08-09 | Security People, Inc. | Access control system with mechanical keys which store data |
US5373282A (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1994-12-13 | Carter; Ronald L. | Dealer information and security apparatus and method |
EP0666393A1 (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1995-08-09 | August Winkhaus GmbH & Co KG | Locking cylinder and key system and identification system |
US5442433A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1995-08-15 | Nhk Spring Co., Ltd. | Identification system for an article having individually attached patches |
US5552777A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1996-09-03 | Security People, Inc. | Mechanical/electronic lock and key |
DE19540990A1 (en) * | 1995-10-28 | 1997-05-22 | Parucha Horst | Universal security key for different doors |
US5633975A (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1997-05-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Security system responsive to optical fiber having Bragg grating |
US6000609A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-12-14 | Security People, Inc. | Mechanical/electronic lock and key therefor |
US6145874A (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2000-11-14 | Trw Inc. | Passenger air bag disable switch |
US6552650B1 (en) | 1992-02-14 | 2003-04-22 | Asil T. Gokcebay | Coin collection lock and key |
US6564601B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 2003-05-20 | Hyatt Jr Richard G | Electromechanical cylinder plug |
US20040035160A1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2004-02-26 | Glenn Meekma | Radio frequency electronic lock |
US20040124965A1 (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-01 | Jin-Chern Chiou | Optical door lock safety recognition system |
US6879242B1 (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2005-04-12 | Israel Alon | Color based lock and key |
US20050235714A1 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2005-10-27 | Erik Lindstrom | Electro-mechanical cylinder lock-key combination with optical code |
US7397343B1 (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 2008-07-08 | Security People, Inc. | Conventional mechanical lock cylinders and keys with electronic access control feature |
US20080229850A1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-09-25 | Bionime Corporation | Coding module, bio measuringmeter and system for operating bio measuringmeter |
US20090085717A1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Energy-efficient electronic access control |
US20110073498A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Palmer David H | Oblong object holder |
US20110073509A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Palmer David H | Oblong object holder |
US20110073499A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Palmer David H | Oblong object holder |
US8922333B1 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2014-12-30 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Contactless electronic access control system |
US9704316B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2017-07-11 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Contactless electronic access control system |
US10296537B1 (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-05-21 | Walter C. Waltereze | System and method for identifying a lock associated with a given key |
US10400475B2 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2019-09-03 | Schlage Lock Company Llc | Systems and methods for key recognition |
US10415269B2 (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2019-09-17 | Schlage Lock Company Llc | Lock cylinder with electronic key recognition |
US11574513B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2023-02-07 | Lockfob, Llc | Electronic access control |
US11639617B1 (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | The Chamberlain Group Llc | Access control system and method |
-
1971
- 1971-06-22 US US00155573A patent/US3733862A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (74)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3828340A (en) * | 1973-06-15 | 1974-08-06 | D Tek | Intrusion alarm actuating apparatus |
US3902342A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1975-09-02 | Pitney Bowes Inc | Key |
US3889501A (en) * | 1973-08-14 | 1975-06-17 | Charles P Fort | Combination electrical and mechanical lock system |
US3870895A (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1975-03-11 | Jacob Lax | Automotive anti-theft device |
DE2516283A1 (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1976-10-21 | Nixdorf Computer Ag | Multiple key locking control system - has system of light beams within lock barrel itself corresponding to cut pattern of key |
US3962695A (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1976-06-08 | Lawrence Peska Associates, Inc. | Magnetic key lock and alarm |
US4142387A (en) * | 1976-11-19 | 1979-03-06 | Bergkvist Lars A | Identification device |
US4189712A (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1980-02-19 | Lemelson Jerome H | Switch and lock activating system and method |
US4354189A (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1982-10-12 | Lemelson Jerome H | Switch and lock activating system and method |
US4415893A (en) * | 1978-06-27 | 1983-11-15 | All-Lock Electronics, Inc. | Door control system |
US4393672A (en) * | 1978-12-13 | 1983-07-19 | Egon Gelhard | Cylinder lock and key assembly |
US4231511A (en) * | 1979-04-17 | 1980-11-04 | Mkd Corporation | Waiter/table control for electronic cash registers |
US4412356A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1983-10-25 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Light actuated remote control security system |
US4452059A (en) * | 1980-08-08 | 1984-06-05 | Elkem A/S | Lock apparatus |
AT388411B (en) * | 1982-01-16 | 1989-06-26 | Bks Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh | KEY AND LOCKING CYLINDER TO BE OPERATED THROUGH |
US4496948A (en) * | 1982-05-26 | 1985-01-29 | Ken Ishizuka | System for initiating the operation of an electronically-operated _device |
US4531842A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-07-30 | Milton Schonberger | Disposable thermometer probe and rating technique therefor |
US4625100A (en) * | 1984-05-09 | 1986-11-25 | Lathem Time Recorder Co., Inc. | Coded data carrier and reader and electronic security tour system employing same |
US4958936A (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1990-09-25 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. | Electric thermometer |
US4637235A (en) * | 1984-12-10 | 1987-01-20 | Edward Conner | Opto electric combination lock |
US4663952A (en) * | 1985-01-18 | 1987-05-12 | Egon Gelhard | Device for the contactless coupling of the control and output currents between the electronic elements on the locking cylinder and the electronic elements in the key of an electro/mechanical locking device |
EP0216241A1 (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1987-04-01 | BKS GmbH | Cylinder of a lock, especially a profile cylinder of a lock |
GB2198779A (en) * | 1986-12-06 | 1988-06-22 | Kokusan Kinzoku Kogyo Kk | Vehicle anti-theft locking arrangement |
GB2198779B (en) * | 1986-12-06 | 1990-07-04 | Kokusan Kinzoku Kogyo Kk | Vehicle anti-theft arrangement |
US5132661A (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1992-07-21 | Universal Photonix, Inc. | Security system employing optical key shape reader |
US4868559A (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1989-09-19 | Universal Photonix, Inc. | Security system employing optical key shape reader |
US4983950A (en) * | 1988-06-21 | 1991-01-08 | Sadakatsu Sunami | Car theft proofing system |
US5337043A (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1994-08-09 | Security People, Inc. | Access control system with mechanical keys which store data |
US5442433A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1995-08-15 | Nhk Spring Co., Ltd. | Identification system for an article having individually attached patches |
WO1992008863A1 (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1992-05-29 | Jury Vitalievich Kudryavtsev | System for preventing unsanctioned switching |
US5119065A (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-06-02 | Wiehagen Fred A | Vehicle protection system |
WO1993012010A1 (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1993-06-24 | Carter Ronald L | Lock with key identifying apparatus and method |
US5373282A (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1994-12-13 | Carter; Ronald L. | Dealer information and security apparatus and method |
US5563579A (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1996-10-08 | Carter; Ronald L. | Dealer information and security apparatus and method |
US7397343B1 (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 2008-07-08 | Security People, Inc. | Conventional mechanical lock cylinders and keys with electronic access control feature |
US5552777A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1996-09-03 | Security People, Inc. | Mechanical/electronic lock and key |
US6927670B1 (en) | 1992-02-14 | 2005-08-09 | Security People, Inc. | Conventional mechanical lock cylinders and keys with electronic access control feature |
US6552650B1 (en) | 1992-02-14 | 2003-04-22 | Asil T. Gokcebay | Coin collection lock and key |
EP0666393A1 (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1995-08-09 | August Winkhaus GmbH & Co KG | Locking cylinder and key system and identification system |
US8122746B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 2012-02-28 | Hyatt Jr Richard G | Electromechanical cylinder plug |
US8141399B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 2012-03-27 | Hyatt Jr Richard G | Electromechanical cylinder plug |
US6564601B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 2003-05-20 | Hyatt Jr Richard G | Electromechanical cylinder plug |
US20070289346A1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 2007-12-20 | Hyatt Richard G Jr | Electromechanical cylinder plug |
DE19540990A1 (en) * | 1995-10-28 | 1997-05-22 | Parucha Horst | Universal security key for different doors |
US5633975A (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1997-05-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Security system responsive to optical fiber having Bragg grating |
US6145874A (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2000-11-14 | Trw Inc. | Passenger air bag disable switch |
US6000609A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-12-14 | Security People, Inc. | Mechanical/electronic lock and key therefor |
US6879242B1 (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2005-04-12 | Israel Alon | Color based lock and key |
US20040035160A1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2004-02-26 | Glenn Meekma | Radio frequency electronic lock |
US7334443B2 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2008-02-26 | Master Lock Company Llc | Radio frequency electronic lock |
US20050235714A1 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2005-10-27 | Erik Lindstrom | Electro-mechanical cylinder lock-key combination with optical code |
US7140214B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2006-11-28 | Ruko A/S | Electro-mechanical cylinder lock-key combination with optical code |
US20040124965A1 (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-01 | Jin-Chern Chiou | Optical door lock safety recognition system |
US20080229850A1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-09-25 | Bionime Corporation | Coding module, bio measuringmeter and system for operating bio measuringmeter |
US9052306B2 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2015-06-09 | Bionime Corporation | Coding module, bio measuring meter and system for operating bio measuring meter |
US8035477B2 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2011-10-11 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Energy-efficient electronic access control |
US20090085717A1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Energy-efficient electronic access control |
US8339239B2 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2012-12-25 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Electronic access control systems and methods |
US20110073499A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Palmer David H | Oblong object holder |
US20110073498A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Palmer David H | Oblong object holder |
US8322523B2 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2012-12-04 | Palmer David H | Oblong object holder |
US8418843B2 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2013-04-16 | David H. Palmer | Oblong object holder |
US20110073509A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Palmer David H | Oblong object holder |
US9704316B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2017-07-11 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Contactless electronic access control system |
US8922333B1 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2014-12-30 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Contactless electronic access control system |
US10482697B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2019-11-19 | Gregory Paul Kirkjan | Contactless electronic access control system |
US11080951B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2021-08-03 | Lockfob, Llc | Contactless electronic access control system |
US11804084B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2023-10-31 | Lockfob, Llc | Contactless electronic access control system |
US10400475B2 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2019-09-03 | Schlage Lock Company Llc | Systems and methods for key recognition |
US10415269B2 (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2019-09-17 | Schlage Lock Company Llc | Lock cylinder with electronic key recognition |
US11156019B2 (en) | 2016-04-14 | 2021-10-26 | Schlage Lock Company Llc | Lock cylinder with electronic key recognition |
US10296537B1 (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-05-21 | Walter C. Waltereze | System and method for identifying a lock associated with a given key |
US11639617B1 (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | The Chamberlain Group Llc | Access control system and method |
US11574513B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2023-02-07 | Lockfob, Llc | Electronic access control |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3733862A (en) | Combined mechanical and photoelectric lock | |
US4641017A (en) | Fraud resistant credit card system | |
US4736203A (en) | 3D hand profile identification apparatus | |
US4544836A (en) | Optically-based access control system | |
US20030025897A1 (en) | Fingerprint reading method and fingerprint reading apparatus | |
US4079605A (en) | Optical key reader for door locks | |
US3797936A (en) | Electronic locking system | |
US4947443A (en) | Method and apparatus for verifying identity | |
US5416307A (en) | Currency paper verification and denomination device | |
US4853525A (en) | Forgery proof optoelectric code card reader | |
US3688269A (en) | Electronic key lock having data coded key | |
US3576538A (en) | Finger dimension comparison identification system | |
US3453419A (en) | Code reading system | |
US4066910A (en) | Transmissivity-coded data card systems | |
JPS6367387A (en) | Protector | |
KR0138116B1 (en) | Method for discriminating authenticity of a ball and an appartus therefor | |
US3875375A (en) | Reader device for coded identification card | |
US3894216A (en) | Illumination and sensor arrangement for card reader | |
US3665160A (en) | Coded security vault | |
US3398558A (en) | Fingerprint control system | |
GB2183717A (en) | Keys for locks | |
US4142387A (en) | Identification device | |
JP5953614B2 (en) | Disc discrimination method, disc discrimination device, and disc sorting device | |
JP2896288B2 (en) | Banknote identification method | |
JP2895452B2 (en) | Key pattern reader |