US3745670A

US3745670A - Grate conveyor

Info

Publication number: US3745670A
Application number: US00153171A
Authority: US
Inventors: W Hartwig
Original assignee: Allis Chalmers Corp
Current assignee: Allis Chalmers Corp
Priority date: 1971-06-15
Filing date: 1971-06-15
Publication date: 1973-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 1990-07-17
Also published as: NO137634B; DE2229227A1; CA956257A; AR194732A1; AU443555B2; AU4332872A; DE2229227B2; BR7203876D0; JPS5322355B1; ES403863A1; SE389853B; NO137634C; GB1365635A

Abstract

A traveling grate of the type used to convey material through an apparatus such as a dryer, a preheater, a cooler, a furnace, or the like, in which the pivotally mounted grate castings are provided with an ''''anti-flip leg'''' which cooperates with an underlying skid bar to prevent undesired pivotal movement of the grate castings to an open position in which they may become interlocked with contiguous grate castings.

Description

United States Patent 1 Hartwig July 17, 1973 [54] GRATE CONVEYOR l,568,79l l/l926 Aiken 34/66 [75] Inventor: Walter J. Haflwig Oconomow c, l,675,06l 6/1928 Smith ll0/40 (v Wis. Primary Examiner-Kenneth W. Sprague Asslgnee: A| ll5'Chalmer5 Corporauon, Assistant Examiner.lames C. Yeung Milwaukee, Attorney-Robert ,C. Sullivan et a].

[22] Filed: June 15, 1971 21 Appl. No.: 153,171 1 ABSTRACT A traveling grate of the type used to convey material [52] US. Cl 34/217, 34/236, 110/40 A through an apparatus a ryer, :1 preheater, a

- cooler, a furnace, or the llke, m which the lvotall [51] Int. Cl. F26b 19/00 P Y [58] Field of Search 34/57 0, 217, 236; mounted grate castmgs t Provided with anti-flip leg which cooperates with an underlying skid bar to llO/40 prevent undesired pivotal movement of the grate cast- [56] References Cited itngls tok a3 optehn position in which they may become in- UNITED STATES PATENTS er oc e w1 con iguous grate castings. 1,761,029 6/1930 Yerrick et a1 llO/40 C 4 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures 56 I 30 12 U r 111 6 1 l 2 J 1 wgiuwQDcJgDQ) l 76 a ,14 J4 l 4 GRATE CONVEYOR BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to traveling grates of the type used to convey material through an apparatus such as a dryer, a preheater, a cooler, a furnace, or the like.

The invention will be described as embodied in a traveling grate associated with a grate-kiln system in which the traveling grate carries load material successively through a drying zone or zones and apreheating zone or zones before discharging the load material into a rotary kiln. While the invention has particular utility in such an environment, the invention is not restricted to use in the described embodiment.

2. Description of the Prior Art It is well known in the prior art to provide agrate-kiln apparatus in which a traveling grate conveyor carries a pelletized material such as ore or the like from a feed end through a drying section where free water and/or chemically bound water is removed from the feedmaterial, thence through a preheating zone where the dry pelletized material is heated with kiln exit gases, after which the grate conveyor discharges the pelletized material into a rotary kiln. In passing through the drying section, the grate conveyor passes through an updraft drying section or zone in which gases pass upwardly through the grate conveyor and through the pelletized load supported on the conveyor. A serious problem has occurred in the prior art upon the occurence of excessive gas pressure beneath the grate conveyor in the updraft drying section, or upon the occurrence of a low or uneven pellet bed with normal pressure, and particularly upon the occurrence of the combination with the higher gas pressure of the low or uneven pellet bed; namely, that any of the foregoing conditions cause the pivotally mounted grate castings of the grate conveyor to swing upwardly about their pivotal support to an open and non-conveying position.

Because of the overlapped relation of contiguous grate castings, the opening up of one grate casting due to one of the factors just enumerated can cause the opening of contiguous grate castings, with the result that a number of the grate castings may ultimately open up or swing about their respective pivotal support axes. The plurality of opened-up castings may interlock with each other in such manner that when the grate conveyor arrives at the horizontal stripper, or chute at the discharge end of the grate conveyor, the interlocked castings may be broken.

It has been known to attempt to remedy this situation by stationing operators at observation ports near the preheat end of the grate conveyor, so that when interlocked grate castings approach the stripper, hydraulic lifters are actuated to move the stripper in such manner as to permit the interlocked grate castings to pass the stripper. Unfortunately, in so doing, the associated pellet bed in the raised stripper area is rejected to the dribble hoppers below.

Many other remedies for this condition of interlocked or opened-up grate castings have been conceived, but to the best of my knowledge, none of theseother solutions has proved practical.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a traveling grate construction which prevents undesired movement of pivotally mounted grate members into an opened position or into interlocked relation with contiguous grates.

It is another object of the invention to provide in combination with a grate conveyor having pivotally mounted grate members and which conveyor passes through an updraft section, of means for preventing undesired opening up or interlocking of the grate members as has occurred in the prior art.

In achievement of these objectives, there is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention a traveling grate of the type used to convey material through an apparatus such as a dryer, a preheater, a cooler, a furnace, or the like, in which the pivotally mounted grate castings are provided with an anti-flip leg" which cooperates with an underlying skid bar to prevent undesired pivotal movement of the grate castings to an open position in which they may become interlocked with contiguous grate castings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a grate conveyor conveying pelletized material to be processed through a plurality of zones including an updraft drying zone or section; I

FIG. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of the grate conveyor of FIG. 1;

FIG.'3"is'a partially schematic view in transverse cross-section along line III-III of FIG. 1

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view in a longitudinal section of single grate casting; and

FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a grate casting.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a moving conveyor generally indicated at 10, whichreceives at the feed end or left hand end thereof with respect of the view of FIG. 1, material such as ore or the like in the form of pellets or compacts which forms a bed12 on the upper surface of the conveyor. Conveyor 10 is trained around sprocket means or the like 14 and 16 at the opposite ends thereof, and enters .and passes through a hooded enclosure generally indicated at 20 which is divided by suitable partitioning means 22', 24, 26and 28 into an updraft drying section generally indicated at 30, a downdraft drying section generally indicated at 32, and a preheat section generally indicated at 34. A stripper or chute 37 is positioned at the discharge end of the grate conveyor and delivers the material being processed to a kiln or other processing equipment (not shown).

Hot gases discharged from the kiln pass into the upper portion of 'the preheat section 34-:thence downwardly through the pelletized load 12 and through the slotted or otherwise apertured grate 10 into the suction boxes36 and thence through conduits 38 to the intake of fan 40. Fan 40 discharges through conduit 42 to a wind box 44 positioned above the load material on conveyor 10 in the down draft drying section 32. The warm gases are discharged by wind box 44 in adown draft direction and pass downwardly through the load 12 and through the apertured conveyor 10 to the suction boxes 46 beneath the conveyor in down draft section 32. The gases pass from suction boxes 46 through conduit means 48 to the intake of fan 50. The output of fan 50 is directed through conduit 52 to a wind box 54 located beneath conveyor in updraft drying section 30. The warm gas is discharged from wind box 54 and passes upwardly through the conveyor and through the pelletized load 12 on the conveyor and thence into the suction boxes 56 from whence the gas passes through conduits 58 to the exhaust stack 60.

As best seen in the views of FIGS. 2-5, inclusive, grate conveyor 10 is formed of a plurality of grate castings each generally indicated at 62. Grate castings 62 are made of a suitable cast metal such as cast iron or the like. The term grate casting is used to designate a grate member which is normally made by a casting process but which is not necessarily so made. Each grate casting 62 comprises a main body portion or tail portion 64 having a plurality of narrow slots 65 therethrough to permit passage therethrough of the heating gases. Body portion 64 extends in a generally horizontal plane during the upper run of the conveyor 10 between

sprockets

14 and 16. Grate casting 62 also includes a head portion 66 also having gas passage slots therethrough, and an intermediate leg portion 68. The main body portion 64, the head portion 66, and the leg portion 68 of grate casting 62 each extends for substantially the entire transverse width of the grate casting, that is, in the direction X (FIG. 5) which is at right angles to the direction of conveyor travel. As seen in the drawings, the head portion 66 leads in the direction of travel of the grate castings 62.

The longitudinal dimension of the under surface of main body portion 64 of grate casting 62 in the direction of conveyor travel is substantially longer in horizontal projection than is the corresponding dimension of head portion 66 of the grate casting. Hence, main body portion 64 of the grate casting provides a longer moment arm about the pivotal axis provided by the pipe spacer 71 than does head portion 66 of the grate casting which has little or no moment arm. Hence, any abnormal gas pressure exerted on the under surface of grate casting 62, as previously explained, will tend to rotate the grate casting 62 in a clockwise direction with respect to the views of FIGS. 2 and 4 about the longitudinal axis of pipe spacer 71. i

The under surface of head portion 66 of grate casting 62 is arched as indicated at 70. Arched portion 70 includes a portion of substantially arcuate contour which is adapted to rest or bear on the upper surface of a pivotal support means in the form of a pipelike support or pipe spacer 71 which is suitably supported at its opposite ends by the conveyor chains as will be described in more detail hereinafter. A grate clip 72 is detachably secured by suitable fastening means 73 to the lower portion with respect to the view of FIG. 4 of intermediate leg member 68 of the grate casting. Each grate clip 72 is of generally U-shape and includes a pair of laterally spaced leg portions 77 which are adapted to underlie pipe spacer 71, and a connecting base portion 79 which is secured by fastening means 73 to intermediate leg member 68. Grate clip 72 does not include any surface portion which bears on skid bar 76, to be described. When grate clip 72 is secured in position as shown in views of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, grate casting 62 is supported on pipelike support or pipe spacer 71 and is prevented from becoming detached therefrom; but

grate casting 62 is free to swing pivotally on pipe spacer 71, except as hereinafter described. Pipe spacer 71 lies in a substantially horizontal plane and extends substantially transverse of the longitudinal axis of the conveyor.

The pitch distance between contiguous pipe spacers 71 may typically be about 12 inches, for example. As seen in FIGS. 2 and 4, in the normal position of the grate castings, the trailing end of the main body portion 64 of a given grate casting overlaps and rests on the head portion 66 of the next contiguous trailing grate casting, with reference to the direction of conveyor travel.

In accordance with the present invention, what will be referred to as an anti-flip leg generally indicated at 74 is provided substantially centrally located intermediate the transverse width (or dimension X of FIG. 5), anti-flip leg 74 being integrally cast as an extension of head portion 66 of grate casting 62.

Cooperating with the anti-flip leg 74 is a stationary skid bar 76 which extends in substantially a horizontal plane beneath the upper run of conveyor 10 throughout the length of the updraft drying section 30. Skid bar 76 is suitably supported and lies directly beneath the path of travel of anti-flip leg 74. Anti-flip leg 74 is so dimensioned and skid bar 76 is so positioned relative to the under surface of anti-flip leg 74 that under normal pressure and load distribution conditions there is a clearance of, for example, one-sixteenth inch between the under surface of anti-flip leg 74 and the upper surface of skid bar or rail 76.

Thus, for example, as seen in the view of FIG. 2 which illustrates a plurality of longitudinally contiguous grate castings 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D and 62B, all of which are assumed to be passing through the updraft drying section 30, it will be noted that the respective anti-flip legs 74 of

grates

62A and 628 all have the normal clearance between the under surface of the respective flip-leg 74 and the upper surface of skid bar 76, since at least the main body portion 64 of the respective grate castings 62A and 62B underlie a substantially normal pellet bed and thus it is assumed that grate castings 62A and 62B are not subjected to an excessive or abnormal updraft gas pressure condition. However, an abnormal upward gas pressure condition caused by the bare load spots overlying the main body portions 64 of the respective grate castings 62C and 62D, tends to swing grate castings 62C and 62D in a clockwise direction relative to the view of FIG. 2, but grate castings 62C and 62D are limited in their clockwise opening movement when the under surface of the respective anti-flip legs 74 associated with the respective grate castings 62C and 620 have abutted against the underlying skid bar 76, as seen in FIG. 2.

As seen in the schematic view in transverse cross section of FIGv 3, a plurality of grate castings such as 62-1, 62-2 and 62-3 are positioned in side-by-side relation between the chains 78 and 80.

The three grate castings 62-1, 62-2 and 62-3 are each pivotally mounted in the same manner as previously described onto a single common pipe spacer 7 l or the like which is supported at its opposite lateral ends by chain pins or the like carried by the two chains 78 and 80. A longitudinally extending skid bar respectively indicated at 76-1, 76-2 and 76-3 is provided in longitudinally extending underlying relation to the path of travel of the anti-flip leg 74 carried by each of the respective grate members 62-1, 62-2 and 62-3. It will be understood that a complete transverse section of conveyor may include a greater number of chains and a greater number of grate castings or groups of grate castings in a given transverse section. Each of the chains such as chains 78, and 80 is trained around sprockets such as' 14 and 16 at opposite ends of the run of the conveyor, and, in addition, support rollers such as those indicated at 84 mounted on shaft 85 are provided in underlying supporting relation to the conveyor chains such as 78, and 80 at various locations beneath the upper run of the conveyor.

From the foregoing detailed description of the present invention, it has been shown how the objects of the invention have been obtained in a preferred manner. However, modifications and equivalents of the disclosed concepts such as readily occur to those skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of this invention.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. A grate member for use with a grate conveyor of the type which moves material being processed through a substantially horizontal path of travel, said grate member comprising a material supporting main body portion and a head portion, said grate member being adapted to be pivotally mounted at said head portion thereof for pivotal movement about a substantially horizontal pivotal axis upon a support means carried by and movable with the conveyor, said material supporting main body portion of said grate member extending on one side of said axis for the major part of the length of said grate member measured lengthwise of the conveyor, and an anti-flip leg forming part of and carried by said grate member at said head portion of said grate member, said anti-flip leg extending on the other side of said pivotal axis opposite said one side, said anti-flip leg being directed downwardly and adapted to engage a stationary skid bar mounted in a substantially horizontal plane in underlying relation to the path of travel of said anti-flip leg, said anti-flip leg being adapted to engage the skid bar at a point of engagement on said other side of said pivotal axis to thus limit upward pivotal movement of said main body portion of said grate member, whereby to maintain said main body portion of said grate member in a generally horizontal material carrying position.

2. A grate member as defined in claim 1 in which the path of travel of the grate conveyor includes for at least a portion of the length thereof an updraft region and the stationary skid bar is mounted in a substantially horizontal plane in the updraft region in underlying relation to the path of travel of said anti-flip leg through said updraft region, whereby engagement of said antiflip leg with the skid bar is effective to maintain said main body portion of said grate member in a generally horizontal material carrying position while passing through said updraft region.

3. In combination, a grate conveyor for moving material being processed through a substantially horizontal path of travel, said path of travel including for at least a portion of the length thereof an updraft region,.said conveyor comprising a grate member including a material supporting main body portion and a head portion, said grate member being adapted to be pivotally mounted at said head portion thereof, support means carried by and movable with said conveyor for mounting said grate member for pivotal movement about a substantially horizontal pivotal axis, said material supporting main body portion of said grate member extending on one side of said axis for the major part of the length of said grate member measured lengthwise of the conveyor, whereby the updraft may tend to swing said main body portion upwardly about said axis, and an anti-flip leg forming part of and carried by said grate member at said head portion of said grate member, said anti-flip leg extending on the other side of said pivotal axis opposite said one side, a stationary skid bar mounted in a substantially horizontal plane in said updraft region in underlying relation to the path of travel of said anti-flip leg through said updraft region, said anti-flip leg being directed downwardly toward said skid bar and being adapted to engage said skid bar at a point of engagement on said other side of said pivotal axis to thus limit upward pivotal movement of said main body portion of said grate member, whereby to maintain said main body portion of said grate member in a generally horizontal material carrying position while passing through said updraft region.

4. The combination defined in claim 3 in which said conveyor comprises a plurality of contiguous grate members, with an end of the 'main body portion of each grate member overlapping the head portion of a-corresponding contiguous grate member.

Claims

1. A grate member for use with a grate conveyor of the type which moves material being processed through a substantially horizontal path of travel, said grate member comprising a material supporting main body portion and a head portion, said grate member being adapted to be pivotally mounted at said head portion thereof for pivotal movement about a substantially horizontal pivotal axis upon a support means carried by and movable wiTh the conveyor, said material supporting main body portion of said grate member extending on one side of said axis for the major part of the length of said grate member measured lengthwise of the conveyor, and an anti-flip leg forming part of and carried by said grate member at said head portion of said grate member, said anti-flip leg extending on the other side of said pivotal axis opposite said one side, said anti-flip leg being directed downwardly and adapted to engage a stationary skid bar mounted in a substantially horizontal plane in underlying relation to the path of travel of said anti-flip leg, said antiflip leg being adapted to engage the skid bar at a point of engagement on said other side of said pivotal axis to thus limit upward pivotal movement of said main body portion of said grate member, whereby to maintain said main body portion of said grate member in a generally horizontal material carrying position.

2. A grate member as defined in claim 1 in which the path of travel of the grate conveyor includes for at least a portion of the length thereof an updraft region and the stationary skid bar is mounted in a substantially horizontal plane in the updraft region in underlying relation to the path of travel of said anti-flip leg through said updraft region, whereby engagement of said anti-flip leg with the skid bar is effective to maintain said main body portion of said grate member in a generally horizontal material carrying position while passing through said updraft region.

3. In combination, a grate conveyor for moving material being processed through a substantially horizontal path of travel, said path of travel including for at least a portion of the length thereof an updraft region, said conveyor comprising a grate member including a material supporting main body portion and a head portion, said grate member being adapted to be pivotally mounted at said head portion thereof, support means carried by and movable with said conveyor for mounting said grate member for pivotal movement about a substantially horizontal pivotal axis, said material supporting main body portion of said grate member extending on one side of said axis for the major part of the length of said grate member measured lengthwise of the conveyor, whereby the updraft may tend to swing said main body portion upwardly about said axis, and an anti-flip leg forming part of and carried by said grate member at said head portion of said grate member, said anti-flip leg extending on the other side of said pivotal axis opposite said one side, a stationary skid bar mounted in a substantially horizontal plane in said updraft region in underlying relation to the path of travel of said anti-flip leg through said updraft region, said anti-flip leg being directed downwardly toward said skid bar and being adapted to engage said skid bar at a point of engagement on said other side of said pivotal axis to thus limit upward pivotal movement of said main body portion of said grate member, whereby to maintain said main body portion of said grate member in a generally horizontal material carrying position while passing through said updraft region.

4. The combination defined in claim 3 in which said conveyor comprises a plurality of contiguous grate members, with an end of the main body portion of each grate member overlapping the head portion of a corresponding contiguous grate member.