US3775071A - Method for feeding dry coal to superatmospheric pressure - Google Patents
Method for feeding dry coal to superatmospheric pressure Download PDFInfo
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- US3775071A US3775071A US00164381A US3775071DA US3775071A US 3775071 A US3775071 A US 3775071A US 00164381 A US00164381 A US 00164381A US 3775071D A US3775071D A US 3775071DA US 3775071 A US3775071 A US 3775071A
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- coal
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- reaction zone
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- gasification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/482—Gasifiers with stationary fluidised bed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/02—Feed or outlet devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/06—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0966—Hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
- C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
- C10J2300/1659—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to liquid hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A method for continuous feeding of dry coal particles from essentially atmospheric pressure to the superatmospheric pressure level of a coal gasifier or coal 1i quefaction reactor is achieved by a series of screw feeding devices each partially boosting the pressure level of the coal in stages to provide the dry coal at reactor pressure.
- the lock hopper is then pressurized with a high pressure gas stream from the coal conversion system.
- the coal which is now under a pressure higher than the gasifier or hydrogenation system pressure is then transferred through piping to the coal conversion system.
- the lock hopper now empty of coal but filled with pressurized gas is then depressured to essentially atmospheric pressure and the coal charging cycle is repeated.
- This method for feeding the dry coal has the disadvantage of a high loss of pressured gas during the depressuring'part of the charging cycle and large lock hopper volumes are required for commercial coal gasification and liquefaction plants due to intermittent feeding from the lock hoppers.
- Another method for feeding pulverized coal to a pressurized system is by mixing the pulverized coal with a liquid such as water or oil to produce a slurry which can then be pumped into the superatmospheric pressure system.
- This method has the disadvantage of low throughput for a given slurry pump and an expensive slurry pump design to provide a pump in which erosion is minimized. It also suffers the disadvantage that the liquid used to prepare the slurry must be recovered, usually by vaporization and recondensation, in the system so that it can be recycled back to be used to charge additional coal to the system.
- a method for feeding dry pulverized coal continuously to a system operating at superatmospheric pressure whereby the lock hopper volume, and the loss of pressurized gas are minimized and since the coal is fed dry no recovery of slurrying liquid is required.
- the drawing is a schematic flow diagram of equipment for feeding coal to a coal conversion reactor.
- a coal such as bituminous, semibituminous. subbituminous or lignite or a similar material such as shale, is initially elevated to the inlet 10 of the atmospheric coal hopper 12 as by elevator. not shown.
- coal has previously been surface dried and ground to a desired mesh as hereinafter described.
- the coal fines discharging into the atmospheric coal hopper 12 may be purged of air if desired with inert gas at 14 and with purge gas from the coal liquefaction system at 16.
- the coal then enters the screw feeder 20 which is appropriately driven by motor 22 and by which the coal can be boosted to 215 psig and discharged into the low pressure coal hopper 24. Ultimately, the coal then discharges into the next suitable screw feeder 26, thereby increasing the pressure to 430 psig.
- the coal discharges into the intermediate pressure coal hopper (lPCI-i) 28 and in due course drops into the third screw feeder 30. Thereby the pressure on the coal is thus raised to the pressure in the high pressure hopper (HPCH) 32 of approximately 645 psig. From this high pressure coal hopper 32, the coal then discharges into the screw feeder 36 again to be boosted in pressure and discharging into the transfer line 40 at approximately 750-850 psig.
- HPCH high pressure hopper
- the transfer line 40 is fed with recycle gas from the coal liquefaction system at 42 which transports the coal in a dense phase condition into the coal reactor 45.
- the environment within the reactor 45 is liquid phase as a result of the feed of hydrogen at 46 at such temperature and pressure as will convert the coal to liquid condition.
- Some supplemental liquid maybe introduced at 48 if desired.
- the reactor 45 can contain an ebullated bed of catalyst to promote the rate of conversion.
- the conditions in reactor 45 being such as to continuously convert the solid coal to liquid and gas, the gas is removed at 50 and the liquid and unconverted coal are removed through the down pipe 52.
- the type of screw feeder shown in the drawing at 20, 26, 30 and 36 is a high speed screw pump which can pump the solids against a pressure differential in the order of 215 pounds per square inch. Hence, if the reaction chamber is at 750 psig, four stages are adequate whereas if a higher pressure is desirable, additional screw pumps can be used.
- Such pumps are commercially available from Fuller Co. (Fuller-Kenyon pump) and from Robbins & Meyers (Moyno pump).
- a particular advantage of the screw pump is that there is a continuous uniform increase in pressure with no substantial gas loss or solids backflow.
- the operation is continuous which is particularly beneficial in the hydrogenation of coal or the gasification of coal.
- Preferred operating conditions in the coal liquefaction reactor would be in a pressure range of 500 to 3000 psi hydrogen partial pressure, a temperature range in the order of 750900F, a typical hydrogenation catalyst such as cobalt molybdate on alumina, the coal being predried to a moisture content not to exceed five weight percent, and with a coal size of less than one-fourth inch.
Abstract
A method for continuous feeding of dry coal particles from essentially atmospheric pressure to the superatmospheric pressure level of a coal gasifier or coal liquefaction reactor is achieved by a series of screw feeding devices each partially boosting the pressure level of the coal in stages to provide the dry coal at reactor pressure.
Description
United States Patent [191 Hoffert et al.
[ Nov. 27, 1973 METHOD FOR FEEDING DRY COAL TO SUPERATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE,
Inventors: Franklin D. Hoffert, Mountainside;
Harold H. Stotler, Westfield, both of N .J
Assignee: Hydrocarbon Research, Inc., New
1 York, NY.
Filed: July 20, 1971 Appl. No.: 164,381
US. Cl. 48/197 R, 48/63, 48/73, 48/202, 48/206, 208/8, 214/17 B, 252/373,
Int. Cl. C10g 1/06, C10j 3/16, C10j 3/50 Field of Search 48/63, 64, 73, 76, 48/77, 78, 99, 101, 197 R, 202, 203, 204,
Cool 10 Aimospherlc 0001 Ho er E PP Inert Gus Pur e Gas Recycle 68 Com ressor 42 Recycle Gus (Hydrogen) '[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,831,587 4/1958 Rearick 214/17 8 3,519,555 7/1970 Keith et a1. 208/10 3,226,204 12/1965 Stotler et a1. 48/202 X 3,175,890 3/1965 Textor 48/203 X Primary Examiner-Joseph Scovronek Attorney-Nathaniel Ely et a1.
[57] ABSTRACT A method for continuous feeding of dry coal particles from essentially atmospheric pressure to the superatmospheric pressure level of a coal gasifier or coal 1i quefaction reactor is achieved by a series of screw feeding devices each partially boosting the pressure level of the coal in stages to provide the dry coal at reactor pressure.
2 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure Reactor PATENTEDuuv 2? 1913 3775071 Cool I02 Atmospheric Cool Hopper Inert Gos G05 Surge 22 I6 Pur e 605 Drum 45 Scrubber 24 78 66 l 2 W @y L 64 I A CowlPFrlessure iii-F oe opper C H2O Vent Gas 26 7O Recycle rL f r Reoclor i2 60B 74 Compressor Cg Controller L H.P.C.H.
Level I 48 Controller 46 r M f 42 36 Flow Recycle Gas 7 Controller (Hydrogen) I l METHOD FOR FEEDING DRY COAL TO SUPERATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the gasification of coal to produce synthesis gas for the manufacture of hydrogen or ammonia and to produce pipeline gas, the coal is gasified at pressures ranging from 400 to 1200 psig. In the hydrogenation of coal to produce liquid hydrocarbons the coal is liquefied at pressures ranging from 500 to 3000 psig. The coal, usually as pulverized particles, can be charged to these superatmospheric pressure systems as dry particles by the conventional lock hopper system. Here the coal is fed to a lock hopper at essentially atmospheric pressure. The lock hopper is then pressurized with a high pressure gas stream from the coal conversion system. The coal which is now under a pressure higher than the gasifier or hydrogenation system pressure is then transferred through piping to the coal conversion system. The lock hopper now empty of coal but filled with pressurized gas is then depressured to essentially atmospheric pressure and the coal charging cycle is repeated.
This method for feeding the dry coal has the disadvantage of a high loss of pressured gas during the depressuring'part of the charging cycle and large lock hopper volumes are required for commercial coal gasification and liquefaction plants due to intermittent feeding from the lock hoppers.
Another method for feeding pulverized coal to a pressurized system is by mixing the pulverized coal with a liquid such as water or oil to produce a slurry which can then be pumped into the superatmospheric pressure system. This method has the disadvantage of low throughput for a given slurry pump and an expensive slurry pump design to provide a pump in which erosion is minimized. It also suffers the disadvantage that the liquid used to prepare the slurry must be recovered, usually by vaporization and recondensation, in the system so that it can be recycled back to be used to charge additional coal to the system.
In this invention a method is provided for feeding dry pulverized coal continuously to a system operating at superatmospheric pressure whereby the lock hopper volume, and the loss of pressurized gas are minimized and since the coal is fed dry no recovery of slurrying liquid is required.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The drawing is a schematic flow diagram of equipment for feeding coal to a coal conversion reactor.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A coal such as bituminous, semibituminous. subbituminous or lignite or a similar material such as shale, is initially elevated to the inlet 10 of the atmospheric coal hopper 12 as by elevator. not shown. Preferably, such coal has previously been surface dried and ground to a desired mesh as hereinafter described.
The coal fines discharging into the atmospheric coal hopper 12 may be purged of air if desired with inert gas at 14 and with purge gas from the coal liquefaction system at 16.
The coal then enters the screw feeder 20 which is appropriately driven by motor 22 and by which the coal can be boosted to 215 psig and discharged into the low pressure coal hopper 24. Ultimately, the coal then discharges into the next suitable screw feeder 26, thereby increasing the pressure to 430 psig.
In turn, the coal discharges into the intermediate pressure coal hopper (lPCI-i) 28 and in due course drops into the third screw feeder 30. Thereby the pressure on the coal is thus raised to the pressure in the high pressure hopper (HPCH) 32 of approximately 645 psig. From this high pressure coal hopper 32, the coal then discharges into the screw feeder 36 again to be boosted in pressure and discharging into the transfer line 40 at approximately 750-850 psig.
The transfer line 40 is fed with recycle gas from the coal liquefaction system at 42 which transports the coal in a dense phase condition into the coal reactor 45.
As described in US. Patents Nos., RE.25,770 and 3,519,555, which relate to coal liquefaction, the environment within the reactor 45 is liquid phase as a result of the feed of hydrogen at 46 at such temperature and pressure as will convert the coal to liquid condition. Some supplemental liquid maybe introduced at 48 if desired. The reactor 45 can contain an ebullated bed of catalyst to promote the rate of conversion.
The conditions in reactor 45 being such as to continuously convert the solid coal to liquid and gas, the gas is removed at 50 and the liquid and unconverted coal are removed through the down pipe 52.
The type of screw feeder shown in the drawing at 20, 26, 30 and 36 is a high speed screw pump which can pump the solids against a pressure differential in the order of 215 pounds per square inch. Hence, if the reaction chamber is at 750 psig, four stages are adequate whereas if a higher pressure is desirable, additional screw pumps can be used. Such pumps are commercially available from Fuller Co. (Fuller-Kenyon pump) and from Robbins & Meyers (Moyno pump).
A particular advantage of the screw pump is that there is a continuous uniform increase in pressure with no substantial gas loss or solids backflow. The operation is continuous which is particularly beneficial in the hydrogenation of coal or the gasification of coal.
To maintain appropriate pressures in the respective coal hoppers, we have shown a gas circulating system wherein the gas from coal hoppers 24, 28 and 32 pass through back pressure control valves 60 A, 60 B and 60 C respectively and into line 62 to scrubber 64 where it is appropriately scrubbed with water. The gas then enters surge drum 66 from which it can .be recompressed by compresser 68 into the line 70.
Under control of valve 72, appropriately pressurized gas will pass through line 74 into the intermediate pressure coal hopper 28 and under control of the valve 16 and line 78 into the low pressure coal hopper 24. By line 80, it will pass into the high pressure coal hopper 32. The solids levels in coal hoppers 24, 28 and 32 are controlled by the speed of the screw feeding device. The speed of screw feeder 36 is controlled by the flow of gas and solids to reactor 45 in line 90 as by a flow controller.
As a result of such operation, there is a minimum loss of recycle gas which may, of course, be recovered by suitable means from the gas overhead line 50.
A comparison of the dry feed with a slurry feed for a 100,000 BPSD refinery indicates a saving of capital investment of nearly 70% ($7.2 MM vs. $2.3 MM).
The operation cost for charging the coal shows an annual savings of nearly 70 percent ($2.8 MM vs. $0.9 MM) which, based on gasoline cost, would show a saving of about 0.14 cents/gallon gasoline.
Preferred operating conditions in the coal liquefaction reactor would be in a pressure range of 500 to 3000 psi hydrogen partial pressure, a temperature range in the order of 750900F, a typical hydrogenation catalyst such as cobalt molybdate on alumina, the coal being predried to a moisture content not to exceed five weight percent, and with a coal size of less than one-fourth inch.
Preferred operating conditions for a coal gasifier, such as disclosed in US. Pat. No. 2,634,198 and No. 3,226,204, are as follows:
Temperature; 1 l-l 800F;
Pressure; atmosphere -l 450 psig, usually above 450 psig.
While we have shown and described a preferred form of embodiment of our invention, we are aware that modifications may be made within the scope and spirit thereof.
We claim:
1. In a method of hydroconversion of coal wherein the coal in particulate form and hydrogen are passed upwardly through a reaction zone in a liquid phase environment under hydrogenation conditions of temperature in the range of 750900F and hydrogen partial pressures in the range of 500 psi to 3000 psi with the removal of liquid and gaseous effluent from the reaction zone, the improvement which comprises:
a. drying and grinding the coal to a moisture content of not to exceed five weight percent and a grind less than V4 inch;
b. mechanically boosting the pressure on said coal solids in stages from atmospheric to reaction zone pressure by use of high speed screw pumps;
c. introducing said pressurized, substantially dry coal particles into the reaction zone independent of a carrier liquid; and
d. simultaneously measuring and controlling the weight flow of coal particles into the reaction zone to provide a constant weight flow of coal into the reaction zone.
2. In a method of gasification of coal wherein the coal in particulate form and reactant gases are passed upwardly through a reaction zone under conversion conditions of temperatures up to 1800F and pressure up to 1450 psig for the gasification of the coal, the improvement which comprises:
a. drying and grinding the coal to a moisture content of not to exceed five weight percent and a grind less than V4 inch;
b. mechanically boosting the pressure on said coal solids in stages from atmospheric to reaction zone pressure by use of high speed screw pumps;
c. introducing said pressurized, substantially dry coal particles into the reaction zone in the absence of a carrier liquid; and
(1. simultaneously measuring and controlling the weight flow of coal particles into the reaction zone to provide a constant weight flow of coal into the reaction zone.
t i l
Claims (1)
- 2. In a method of gasification of coal wherein the coal in particulate form and reactant gases are passed upwardly through a reaction zone under conversion conditions of temperatures up to 1800*F and pressure up to 1450 psig for the gasification of the coal, the improvement which comprises: a. drying and grinding the coal to a moisture content of not to exceed five weight percent and a grind less than 1/4 inch; b. mechanically boosting the pressure on said coal solids in stages from atmospheric to reaction zone pressure by use of high speed screw pumps; c. introducing said pressurized, substantially dry coal particles into the reaction zone in the absence of a carrier liquid; and d. simultaneously measuring and controlling the weight flow of coal particles into the reaction zone to provide a constant weight flow of coal into the reaction zone.
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US16438171A | 1971-06-20 | 1971-06-20 |
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US00164381A Expired - Lifetime US3775071A (en) | 1971-06-20 | 1971-07-20 | Method for feeding dry coal to superatmospheric pressure |
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Cited By (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3850738A (en) * | 1973-12-06 | 1974-11-26 | Bechtel Int Corp | Bituminous coal liquefaction process |
US3994701A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1976-11-30 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and apparatus for feeding comminuted solid fuel into plenum chambers |
US4039425A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-08-02 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Method for preparing a coal slurry substantially depleted in mineral-rich particles |
US4095959A (en) * | 1976-03-06 | 1978-06-20 | Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft | Coal gasification apparatus |
FR2390495A1 (en) * | 1977-05-11 | 1978-12-08 | Veba Chemie Ag | PROCESS FOR THE CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURING OF SYNTHESIS GAS |
FR2392319A1 (en) * | 1977-05-25 | 1978-12-22 | Saarbergwerke Ag | CONTINUOUS AND REGULAR FEEDING PROCESS FOR SOLID PARTICLES IN A PRESSURE VESSEL |
DE2757032A1 (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1979-06-28 | Krupp Koppers Gmbh | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE FUEL FLOW SUPPLIED TO THE CARBURETOR IN PARTIAL OXIDATION OF FINE-GRAINED TO DUST-SHAPED SOLID FUELS |
US4166731A (en) * | 1976-10-23 | 1979-09-04 | Krupp-Koppers Gmbh | Process for the continuous introduction of fine-grained and dust-like solids into a pressurized reaction space |
US4207081A (en) * | 1977-02-19 | 1980-06-10 | Krupp-Koppers Gmbh | Process for gasifying fine grained and dust-like solid fuels |
FR2468637A1 (en) * | 1979-10-27 | 1981-05-08 | Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR HYDROGEN TRANSFORMATION OF COAL IN HYDROCARBONS |
FR2470989A1 (en) * | 1979-12-03 | 1981-06-12 | Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE HYDROGENATION PRESSURE IN HYDROGENATION BY HYDROGEN OF COAL IN HYDROCARBONS |
US4437973A (en) | 1982-04-05 | 1984-03-20 | Hri, Inc. | Coal hydrogenation process with direct coal feed and improved residuum conversion |
US4548529A (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1985-10-22 | Shell Oil Company | Process for transporting particulate material from a low pressure zone to a gas-containing elevated pressure zone |
US4668130A (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1987-05-26 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Dense phase coal feeding system |
US4955989A (en) * | 1982-06-23 | 1990-09-11 | Shell Oil Company | Process for conveying a particulate solid fuel |
US5227242A (en) * | 1989-02-24 | 1993-07-13 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Multifunctional facial tissue |
US5265983A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1993-11-30 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Cascading pressure continuous blow bottle |
WO1993025848A1 (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 1993-12-23 | Waste Gas Technology Limited | Generation of electricity from waste material |
US5284187A (en) * | 1991-03-20 | 1994-02-08 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Method and device for treating powder coal in a solid-fuel injection installation |
US6054043A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 2000-04-25 | Simpson; Theodore B. | Process for the hydrogenation of hydro-carbonaceous materials (Carb-Mat) for the production of vaporizable products |
US6149773A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 2000-11-21 | Waste Gas Technology Limited | Generation of electricity from waste material |
WO2001010980A1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2001-02-15 | Krupp Uhde Gmbh | Two-stage process for loading lump feed materials and a mixture of materials in pressure chambers |
US20090107046A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | Thomas Frederick Leininger | Fuel feed system for a gasifier and method of gasification system start-up |
US20090178338A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-07-16 | Thomas Frederick Leininger | Fuel feed system for a gasifier and method of gasification system start-up |
US20110146153A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-23 | Pannalal Vimalchand | High Pressure Feeder and Method of Operating to Feed Granular or Fine Materials |
US20110162276A1 (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2011-07-07 | Sunil Ramabhilakh Mishra | Method and apparatus to transport solids |
US20130112543A1 (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2013-05-09 | Yasutaka Mizokoshi | Gasification facility |
AT510896B1 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2013-08-15 | Kurt Himmelfreundpointner | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROMOTING ELIGIBLE MATERIALS |
US9902561B2 (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2018-02-27 | General Electric Company | System for discharging dry solids and an associated method thereof |
CN110305697A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-08 | 新能能源有限公司 | The control method that feeds intake of catalytic coal gasifaction |
WO2021083715A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | Basf Se | Method and system for operating a descending moving bed reactor with flowable granular material |
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1971
- 1971-07-20 US US00164381A patent/US3775071A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US2831587A (en) * | 1951-08-14 | 1958-04-22 | Kellogg M W Co | Fluidized solids conveyance |
US3175890A (en) * | 1957-11-13 | 1965-03-30 | Ferdinand Lentjes | Apparatus for the generation of carbon monoxide gas |
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US3519555A (en) * | 1968-11-08 | 1970-07-07 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Ebullated bed coal hydrogenation |
Cited By (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3850738A (en) * | 1973-12-06 | 1974-11-26 | Bechtel Int Corp | Bituminous coal liquefaction process |
US3994701A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1976-11-30 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and apparatus for feeding comminuted solid fuel into plenum chambers |
US4039425A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-08-02 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Method for preparing a coal slurry substantially depleted in mineral-rich particles |
US4095959A (en) * | 1976-03-06 | 1978-06-20 | Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft | Coal gasification apparatus |
US4166731A (en) * | 1976-10-23 | 1979-09-04 | Krupp-Koppers Gmbh | Process for the continuous introduction of fine-grained and dust-like solids into a pressurized reaction space |
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