US3788020A - Foamed plastic concrete form with fire resistant tension member - Google Patents
Foamed plastic concrete form with fire resistant tension member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3788020A US3788020A US00823800A US3788020DA US3788020A US 3788020 A US3788020 A US 3788020A US 00823800 A US00823800 A US 00823800A US 3788020D A US3788020D A US 3788020DA US 3788020 A US3788020 A US 3788020A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- walls
- longitudinal
- concrete
- wall
- forms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
- E04B2/54—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8611—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8611—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf
- E04B2/8617—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf with spacers being embedded in both form leaves
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/867—Corner details
Definitions
- the tension members are em- 52 us. (:1 52/309 52/426 .52/439 bedded Projectims Pmvided inner faces of 51 1111. c1. E04b 2/20 5646 2/20 two Walls Provide Substantially cylindrical vertically f searchum dISPOSCd cavities for concrete. The upper and lower edges of the tension members and projections are inwardly spaced from associated edges of the two side [56] References Cited walls so that a horizontally disposed concrete beam will also be provided when the form and adjacent simi- UNITED STATES PATENTS lar forms are filled with liquid concrete. 3,255,562 6/1966 Altmaschiner 3,292,331 12/1966 Sams 52/309 18 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures PATENTEDJAN 29 1974 saw 1 BF 3 FIG.
- This invention relates to a concrete forming system and more particularly to a form of foamed polymeric material which is left in place to provide permanent insulation and a base for wall surfaces such as plaster.
- the object of this invention is the provision of a concrete forming system of foamed polymeric material which will provide an insulated concrete wall which has an improved fire rating.
- a further object is the provision of self-supporting form which does not require bracing, tie wires or shoring.
- Another object is the provision of a form which eliminates the need for heating and temporary insulation when concrete is poured at low temperatures. Furthermore the concrete cures under ideal conditions and reaches design strength in a shorter period thereby allowing construction to proceed more quickly.
- a further object of the invention is the provision of a form which is left in place to perform the function of permanent insulation and a vapor barrier on both sides of the concrete in the wall. It is therefore unnecessary to provide temperature steel to take up the stresses created by a temperature differential between the inner and outer faces of the wall.
- Another object is the provision of a forming system comprising units molded by machine so as to provide a high degree of accuracy at low cost so that the form can be quickly erected by unskilled workmen.
- a still further object is the provision of a form which provides a base for a great variety of wall finishes such as plaster gypsum board, ceramic tiles and plywood panels.
- This invention provides a self-supporting concrete form of foamed polymeric material adapted to be left in place to provide insulation for a wall constructed of a plurality of superimposed courses of said forms filled with concrete, said form comprising two spaced panels of foamed polymeric material adapted to be interconnected by fire resistent tension members of fire resistent material, said tension members being embedded in projections integrally formed on inner faces of said panels to provide transverse walls, said walls defining at least one vertical cavity extending through said form from one major face to the other.
- FIG. I is a perspective view of a building unit in accordance with this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a building unit.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional side elevational view taken long the line 3-3 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is an end elevational view of a wall construction employing the building units of FIG. 1 and
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a tension member for use in the building units.
- FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 a concrete form for use in constructing walls indicated generally at in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 is preferably molded in one piece of expanded polystyrene beads and comprises two longitudinal walls 11 and 12 and two integral transverse end walls 13 and 14. Three integral partition walls and the end walls 13 and 14 define four substantially cylindrical bores or cavities 16. An arcuate indentation in each of the end walls 13 and 14 and the partition walls 15 provides a longitudinally extending channel 18 interconnecting the cavities 16.
- the underside of the foam 10 is provided with a longitudinally extending channel 18a of semicircular cross section whereby, in use, a horizontally extending concrete beam is formed in the space provided by the associated channels 18 and 18a of two forms 10 when one form is placed on top of the other as shown in FIG. 4.
- top, bottom and end edges of the walls 11 and 12 are provided with tongues 20 or grooves 21 respectively to mate with grooves and tongues of adjacent similar forms 10.
- the tongues and grooves have a taper of about 5 to provide a more water tight joint.
- end walls 13 and 14 are provided with ribs 24 adjacent their side edges and that the tongues 20 and grooves 21 at the ends of the form 10 are provided on these ribs 24, thus ensuring that mating tongues 20 and grooves 21 adjacent blocks 10 will not be prevented from fully engaging by engagement of the major surfaces of the end walls 13 and 14.
- the tongues 20 and grooves 21 provide for accurate alignment of the form vertically as well as horizontally. This alignment of the forms is facilitated by the accuracy which can be maintained in molding the forms 10 of expanded beads of polystyrene.
- the walls l3, l4 and 15 are provided with recesses 17 to hold horizontal reinforcing steel 29 in place without tying.
- the vertically disposed reinforcing steel 36 shown in FIG. 4, in the form 10 is conveniently held in position by a strap 30 having depending pointed portions 31 adapted to be embedded in the longitudinal walls 11 and 12.
- the straps 30 are received in notches 32 in the tongues 20 which are centered with respect to the cavities 16.
- the vertical reinforcing rods extend through apertures 33 provided in the strap 30.
- Dovetail grooves 35 provided in the side walls of the form serve as plaster keys.
- grooves 21 in the underside of the form 10 are not continuous and that portions 37 which do not have a groove are adapted to mate with the notches 32 in the tongues 20 of an underlying form 10. Thus relative horizontal movement of superimposed forms is prevented.
- the tension member 40 particularly described and illustrated herein is sheet metal plate having right angle flanges 42 (see FIG. 2).
- suitable materials such as wire mesh, asbestos, glass fibre cloth or fire resistent polymeric materials. It should be appreciated that if the material used for the tension member is thin enough fire will not penetrate the concrete wall even though the tension member is not completely fire proof.
- FIG. a modified form of tension member is shown generally at 50 comprising two plates 52 and 53 adapted to be secured together by fastening means passing through apertures 54 therein. Additional rows of apertures 54 may be provided so that the width of the form can be adjusted.
- the outer edges of the plates 52 and 53 are provided with flanges 55 which are disposed at right angles to the major surface of the plate. The flanges 55 alternate so that the plastic foam of the projecting wall portions 13, 14 and will not be unduly weakened.
- the form 10 is conveniently formed in a mold by inserting tension members 40 in the mold prior to filling the mold with pre-expanded beads of polystyrene.
- the form 10 is thus molded in one piece to provide the desired accuracy.
- the mating portions of the form 10 can then be secured together by suitable fastening means prior to being laid up in a wall.
- the two tension members 40 or 50 at the ends of the form 10 are preferably foraminous.
- a first course of form units 10 are positioned on a footing (not shown) containing vertical dowels extending into the cavities 16.
- the cavities 16 are then filled with concrete to the height of the recesses and the concrete in each hole is vibrated.
- Horizontal reinforcing is laid, and vertical reinforcing rods about 5 8 inches long are inserted into the wet concrete approximately 12 inches.
- a second course of form units 10 is installed by slipping them over the vertical rods and aligning the holes 16 in the first and second courses.
- Two additional courses, including horizontal reinforcing, may then be installed before filling the second and third courses and 1 vide a reasonable range of sizes for structures up to approximately 10 storeys in height.
- Pelaspan Expandable beads of polystyrene known as Pelaspan is a preferred material. This material is manufactured in the form of small beads or granules containing an expanding agent. These particles are expanded in a mold by the application of heat to the desired shape. Pelaspan, because of its ability to be molded, provides an ideal material for molding this plastic building component. Furthermore, Pelaspan has desirable properties such as light weight, high strength to weight ratios, ideal surface to carry plaster, low moisture absorption and good insulating properties. Typical values of the material are shown below:
- the expandable polystyrene beads are pre-expanded to the desired density (approximately 1% lbs. per cubic foot) before being placed in the mold. It is also recommended that a self-extinguishing type of polystyrene bead be used in the molding of the forms to provide a more fire-resistent structure.
- each of said end walls and partition wall of said form comprises said tension member.
- transverse walls are inwardly curved so as to provide a longitudinal beam of at least partly curved crosssection.
- a concrete form as claimed in claim 5 wherein tongues are provided on the end edges of longitudinal walls and grooves are provided in end edges disposed on opposed end edges of the said longitudinal walls so that tongues and grooves of adjacent similar forms cooperate to position said forms and provide a substantially liquid tight joint when forms are placed in end abutting relationship.
- tension members comprise foraminous material and said longitudinal walls comprise integrally molded expanded beads of polystyrene.
- tension members comprise a mesh at least partly composed of synthetic plastic material.
- a concrete form as claimed in claim 6 wherein at least one notch is provided in each tongue on the upper edges of the longitudinal walls to cooperate with mating raised portions in the grooves in the lower edges of longitudinal walls thereby assisting in the positioning of said form in horizontal rows.
- a plurality of molded form blocks of foamed synthetic plastic material having a substantially uniform low density each said block having two spaced longitudinal walls terminating adjacent two transverse end walls extending from one longitudinal wall to the other, at least one partition wall intermediate said end walls extending from one longitudinal wall to the other, at least one of said end walls and said partition wall having a tension member of fire resistant material integral therewith to provide a fire stop between said longitudinal walls, said end walls and partition wall interconnecting said longitudinal walls to provide a sufficiently rigid structure for holding the liquid concrete and defining vertical holes extending through said form, each said hole tapering toward a smaller cross-section at its lower end, upper and lower edges of said transverse walls and said partition wall being inwardly spaced from adjacent edges of said longitudinal walls so as to provide a longitudinally extending beam of concrete integral with columns of concrete in said vertical holes and a projection being provided along an upper edge of each longitudinal wall and a recess being provided along a lower edge of each longitudinal wall so that projections and recesses of super
- each of said end walls and partition wall'of said form comprises said tension member.
- a wall structure as claimed in claim 14 wherein tongues are provided on the end edges of longitudinal walls and grooves are provided in end edges disposed on opposed end edges of the said longitudinal walls so that tongues and grooves of adjacent similar forms cooperate to position said forms and provide a substantially liquid tight joint when forms are placed in end abutting relationship.
- tension members comprise foraminous material and said longitudinal walls comprise integrally molded expanded beads of polystyrene.
- a wall structure as claimed in claim 15 wherein at least one notch is provided in each tongue on the upper edges of the longitudinal walls to cooperate with mating raised portions in the grooves in the lower edges of longitudinal walls thereby assisting in the positioning of said form in horizontal rows.
Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA955523 | 1966-03-22 | ||
US58091266A | 1966-09-21 | 1966-09-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3788020A true US3788020A (en) | 1974-01-29 |
Family
ID=25673612
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US770233A Expired - Lifetime US3552076A (en) | 1966-03-22 | 1968-10-24 | Concrete form |
US00823800A Expired - Lifetime US3788020A (en) | 1966-03-22 | 1969-05-12 | Foamed plastic concrete form with fire resistant tension member |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US770233A Expired - Lifetime US3552076A (en) | 1966-03-22 | 1968-10-24 | Concrete form |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US3552076A (en) |
BE (1) | BE695933A (en) |
CH (1) | CH474642A (en) |
ES (1) | ES338293A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1169723A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6704155A (en) |
SE (1) | SE350560B (en) |
Cited By (143)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4038798A (en) * | 1975-03-05 | 1977-08-02 | U-Forms International, Inc. | Composite permanent block-form for reinforced concrete construction and method of making same |
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US4167840A (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1979-09-18 | Ivany George R | Reinforced masonry wall construction |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES338293A1 (en) | 1968-04-01 |
CH474642A (en) | 1969-06-30 |
SE350560B (en) | 1972-10-30 |
GB1169723A (en) | 1969-11-05 |
DE1609426A1 (en) | 1970-03-26 |
NL6704155A (en) | 1967-09-25 |
US3552076A (en) | 1971-01-05 |
DE1609426B2 (en) | 1975-10-23 |
BE695933A (en) | 1967-09-01 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: 526806 ONTARIO LIMITED,ONTARIO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FOAM FORM CANADA LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004583/0810 Effective date: 19860226 Owner name: 526806 ONTARIO LIMITED, C/O ANCHOR SHORING, P.O. B Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:FOAM FORM CANADA LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004583/0810 Effective date: 19860226 Owner name: FOAM-FORM CANADA LIMITED, C/O ANCHOR SHORING, P.O. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ROHER-BOHM LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004572/0094 Effective date: 19850416 Owner name: INSULBLOCK SYSTEMS INC., 1015 MATHESON BLVD., UNIT Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:526806 ONTARIO LIMIRWS;REEL/FRAME:004570/0310 Effective date: 19860224 |