US3854891A - Titanium composite - Google Patents
Titanium composite Download PDFInfo
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- US3854891A US3854891A US00292062A US29206272A US3854891A US 3854891 A US3854891 A US 3854891A US 00292062 A US00292062 A US 00292062A US 29206272 A US29206272 A US 29206272A US 3854891 A US3854891 A US 3854891A
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- titanium
- steel
- carbide former
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12868—Group IB metal-base component alternative to platinum group metal-base component [e.g., precious metal, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12958—Next to Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12965—Both containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
- Y10T428/12979—Containing more than 10% nonferrous elements [e.g., high alloy, stainless]
Definitions
- Titanium and titanium base alloys hereinafter referred to as titanium, are characterized by excellent.
- One way to lessen the costs of parts and equipment made from titanium and to thereby increase its usage is to use it in composites in which a layer of dissimilar and less expensive metal is sandwiched between-two layers of titanium or between one layer of titanium and another corrosion resistant metal; e.g. stainless steel.
- Plain carbon steel is relatively inexpensive and characterized by goodmechanical prop erties. For example, it is a good heat conductor and would not detract from titanium in heat exchanger applications.
- the use of plain carbon steel is, however, accompanied by potential dangers. Interstitial elements, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen and particularly carbon, can diffuse from plain carbon steel into titanium and especially into the plain carbon'steel-titanium interface, and thereby detrimentally affect its properties, and particularly its ductility. Exemplifying this are 1 hard and brittletitanium carbides which form in titanium metal when carbon is present in amounts of approximately 0.15% and higher.
- the present invention overcomes the potential .dan-
- the article of the present invention is a composite comprised of at least two metallic layers.
- One of the layers is a metal from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys and another is steel.
- the steel is a plain carbon steelhaving up to 1.5% carbide former present in a carbide former-to -carbon ratio of from 1.5 to 25.
- carbide former refers to one or more of the elements which have a strong affinity for carbon, and preferably to titanium and columbium.
- the amount of carbide former is limited to 1.5% and preferably to 0.75%, as the benefits obtained from further increases in the level of carbide former are disproportionate with regard to the costs involved.”
- the ratio of carbide former-to-carbon in the plain carbon steel should be between about 1.5 and 25. This means that the weight percent of carbide forming elements should be between 1.5 and 25 times the weight percent of carbon.
- a minimum carbide former-tocarbon ratio of at least 1.5 is imposed to insure sufficient carbide former to substantially preclude carbon. migration from the plain carbon steel toward and into the titanium and topreclude the formation of enriched carbide areas, which are associated with decreased drawability.
- Composites formed from plain carbon steel with carbide former-to-carbon ratios of 1.5 to 5 are often preferred as they generally have higher yield strengths than similar composites formed from plain carbon steel with carbide former-to-carbon ratios in excess of 5.
- composites having carbide former-to-carbon ratios in excess of 5 are often preferred as they are more workable than those'having ratios below 5. Yield strengths of the composites decrease and elongations increase with increasing amounts of carbide former.
- An upper carbide formerto-carbon ratio of 25 is imposed as the grain-size of the plain carbon steel can become undesirably large at higher ratios.
- a maximum carbideformer-to-carbon ratio of 15 is often desirable since a range of from 5-15 has proven to provide an optimum combination of drawability and cost.
- the article of the present invention is comprised of a layer of titanium',.a layer of stainless steel, and. a layer of plain carbon steel containingcarbide former sandwiched therebetween.
- Composites of this nature areparticularly desirable in applications such as condensor tubes or heat exchanger tubes wherethe inner surface of the tube which is exposed to hot chloride solutions could be titanium and where the outer surface which is exposed to air or decontaminated water could be stainless steel.
- the carbide former substantially precludes carbon migration from the plain carbon steel toward and into both the stainless steel and titanium.
- barrier metal between the plain carbon steel and titanium.
- the barrier metal is from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, palladium, platinum, chromium and copper, as limited by those instances wherein their melting point does not preclude their use. Although no criticality is placed upon the thickness of the barrier metal, layers ranging in thickness from 0.0001 to 0.005 inch are believed to be beneficial.
- the titanium alloy can be an alpha alloy; e.g. 5% A1, 2.5% Sn, balance essentially titanium, an alpha-beta a1- loy; e.g. 8%.manganese, balance essentially titanium, or
- a composite article comprised of at least two bonded metallic layers: at least one of said metallic layers being a metal from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys; at least one of said metallic layers being steel, said steel consisting essentially of up to 2% carbon, up to 0.6% silicon, up to 1.65% manganese, upto 1.5% carbide former, balance essentially iron, said carbide former being from the group consisting of titanium and columbium, said carbide former being present in a carbide former-to-car'bon ratio of from 1.5 to 25.
- An article according to claim 1 having-at least two layers from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys, and wherein said layer of plain carbon steel is sandwiched between said layers of metal 7 from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys.
- An article according to claim 1 including a layer metal being from the groupconsisting of nickel, cobalt,
Abstract
A composite article comprised of at least two metallic layers. One of the layers being a metal from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys and another being steel. The steel being a plain carbon steel having up to 1.5% of carbide former present in a carbide former-to-carbon ratio of from 1.5 to 25.
Description
[ TITANIUM COMPOSITE [75] Inventor:
[73] Assignee: Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc.,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
22 Filed: Sept. 25, 1972 21 Appl. No.: 292,062
Joseph A. Chivinsky, Sarver, Pa.
[52] US. Cl 29/196, 29/198, 29/194, 29/199 [51] Int. Cl B32b 15/00 [58] Field of Search 29/198, 196.3, 196, 194, 29/199 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 7 2,137,945 11/1938 Mathesiiis 75/123 M 2,718,690 9/1955 Ulam 29/l96.3 2/1956 Eckel 75/123 M 51 Dec. 17,1974
2,798,843 7/1957 S0lmi n.-. 29/198 2,906,008 9/1959 Boegehold 29/198 2,908,966 10/1959 Wagner 29/198 3,015,885 l/1962 McEuen 297198 3,555,169 l/l'97l Miller 29/1963 3,561,099 2/1971 Mizuharg.... 29/198 3,627,561 12/1971 Richards 29/198 Primary 'ExaminerHyland Bizot Attorney, Agent, or FirmVincent G. Gioia; Robert F. Dropkin 57 ABSTRACT bide former-to-carbon ratio of from 1.5 to 25.
7 Claims, No Drawings Titanium and titanium base alloys, hereinafter referred to as titanium, are characterized by excellent.
corrosion resistance and a high strength to weight ratio, and hence, a combination of properties which makes them particularly desirable for a number of applications. For example, their resistance to corrosion in chloride environments makes their use in heat exchangers, air pollution equipment and marine equipment highly beneficial, and their high strength to weight ratio makes their use in aircraft and other structural applications most advantageous. On the other hand, their high cost makes them economically unattractive at the present time.
One way to lessen the costs of parts and equipment made from titanium and to thereby increase its usage is to use it in composites in which a layer of dissimilar and less expensive metal is sandwiched between-two layers of titanium or between one layer of titanium and another corrosion resistant metal; e.g. stainless steel. A
particularly desirable dissimilar metal would appear to be plain carbon steel. Plain carbon steel is relatively inexpensive and characterized by goodmechanical prop erties. For example, it is a good heat conductor and would not detract from titanium in heat exchanger applications. The use of plain carbon steel is, however, accompanied by potential dangers. Interstitial elements, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen and particularly carbon, can diffuse from plain carbon steel into titanium and especially into the plain carbon'steel-titanium interface, and thereby detrimentally affect its properties, and particularly its ductility. Exemplifying this are 1 hard and brittletitanium carbides which form in titanium metal when carbon is present in amounts of approximately 0.15% and higher.
The present invention overcomes the potential .dan-
gers of using plain carbon steel in titanium composites by adding at least one carbide former to the plain carbon steel. Carbide formers, such as titanium and columbium, have a high affinity for oxygen, nitrogen and carbon, and hence substantially preclude their migration from plain carbon steel into titanium. Copending application Ser. No. 000,177, filed Jan. 2, 1970, now Pat. No. 3,693,242 issued Sept. 26. 1972, discusses the use of carbide formers in plain carbon steel-stainless steel composites. It is accordingly an object of this invention to provide a composite article comprised of titanium or a titanium base alloy, and plain carbon steel containing a carbide former.
The article of the present invention is a composite comprised of at least two metallic layers. One of the layers is a metal from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys and another is steel. The steel is a plain carbon steelhaving up to 1.5% carbide former present in a carbide former-to -carbon ratio of from 1.5 to 25. The term carbide former refers to one or more of the elements which have a strong affinity for carbon, and preferably to titanium and columbium. The amount of carbide former is limited to 1.5% and preferably to 0.75%, as the benefits obtained from further increases in the level of carbide former are disproportionate with regard to the costs involved."
The ratio of carbide former-to-carbon in the plain carbon steel should be between about 1.5 and 25. This means that the weight percent of carbide forming elements should be between 1.5 and 25 times the weight percent of carbon. A minimum carbide former-tocarbon ratio of at least 1.5 is imposed to insure sufficient carbide former to substantially preclude carbon. migration from the plain carbon steel toward and into the titanium and topreclude the formation of enriched carbide areas, which are associated with decreased drawability. Composites formed from plain carbon steel with carbide former-to-carbon ratios of 1.5 to 5 are often preferred as they generally have higher yield strengths than similar composites formed from plain carbon steel with carbide former-to-carbon ratios in excess of 5. On the other hand, composites having carbide former-to-carbon ratios in excess of 5 are often preferred as they are more workable than those'having ratios below 5. Yield strengths of the composites decrease and elongations increase with increasing amounts of carbide former. An upper carbide formerto-carbon ratio of 25 is imposed as the grain-size of the plain carbon steel can become undesirably large at higher ratios. A maximum carbideformer-to-carbon ratio of 15 is often desirable since a range of from 5-15 has proven to provide an optimum combination of drawability and cost.
In a particular embodiment, the article of the present invention is comprised of a layer of titanium',.a layer of stainless steel, and. a layer of plain carbon steel containingcarbide former sandwiched therebetween. Composites of this nature areparticularly desirable in applications such as condensor tubes or heat exchanger tubes wherethe inner surface of the tube which is exposed to hot chloride solutions could be titanium and where the outer surface which is exposed to air or decontaminated water could be stainless steel. In such composites the carbide former substantially precludes carbon migration from the plain carbon steel toward and into both the stainless steel and titanium.
To further minimize carbon migrationanotherembodiment of the invention calls for a layerof barrier metal between the plain carbon steel and titanium. The barrier metal is from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, palladium, platinum, chromium and copper, as limited by those instances wherein their melting point does not preclude their use. Although no criticality is placed upon the thickness of the barrier metal, layers ranging in thickness from 0.0001 to 0.005 inch are believed to be beneficial.
There are a number of methods for making the article of the present invention. These methods include: (1) pouring molten steel around or betweensolid shapes of titanium and subsequently hot processing the composite as per normal mill methods for manufacturingv titanium products; (2) compacting and sintering titanium powders on and to a steel surface; (3) pressure bonding; e.g. hot roll bonding, of titanium to steel; (4) explosive bonding of titanium to steel; and (5) brazing of titanium to steel. In all these methods care must be taken to provide a.- nonreactive atmosphere, e.g. an inert atmosphere or a vacuum, to avoid surface contamination of the titanium as it is very reactive with ox ygen and nitrogen at elevated temperatures.
The titanium alloy can be an alpha alloy; e.g. 5% A1, 2.5% Sn, balance essentially titanium, an alpha-beta a1- loy; e.g. 8%.manganese, balance essentially titanium, or
Metals Handbook, put out by the American Society for Metals, carbon steel is defined as follows:
Steel containing carbon up to about 2% and other residual quantities of otherelements except those added for deoxidation, with silicon usually limited to 0.60% and manganese to about l.65%. Also termed plain carbon steel, ordinary steel and straight carbon steel."
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the novel principles of theinvention disclosed herein in connection with specific examples thereof will suggest various other modifications and applications of the same. it is accordingly desired that in construing the breadth of the appended claims they shall not be limited to the specific examples of the invention described herein.
1 claim:
1. A composite article comprised of at least two bonded metallic layers: at least one of said metallic layers being a metal from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys; at least one of said metallic layers being steel, said steel consisting essentially of up to 2% carbon, up to 0.6% silicon, up to 1.65% manganese, upto 1.5% carbide former, balance essentially iron, said carbide former being from the group consisting of titanium and columbium, said carbide former being present in a carbide former-to-car'bon ratio of from 1.5 to 25. i i
' 2. An article according to claim 1 wherein said carbide former is present in said plain carbon steel in a carbide former-to-carbon ratio of from L5 to 5.
3. An article according to claim 1 wherein said plain carbon steel contains up to 0.75% of carbide former.
4. An article according to claim 1 wherein said carbide former is present in said plain carbon steel in a carbide former-to-carbon ratio of from' 5 to 15.
5. An article according to claim 1 having-at least two layers from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys, and wherein said layer of plain carbon steel is sandwiched between said layers of metal 7 from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys.
6. An article according to claim 1 including a layer metal being from the groupconsisting of nickel, cobalt,
palladium, platinum, copper and chromium.
Claims (7)
1. A COMPOSITE ARTICLE COMPRISING OF AT LAST TWO BONDED METALLIC LAYERS: AT LEAST ONE OF SAID METALLIC LAYERS BEING A METAL FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TITANIUM AND TITANIUM BASE ALLOYS, AT LEAST ONE OF SAID METALLIC LAYERS BEING STEEL, SAID STEEL CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF UP TO 2% CARBON, UP TO 0.6% SILICON, UP TO 1.65% MANGANESE, UP TO 1.5% CARBIDE FORMER, BLANCE ESSENTIALLY IRON, SAID CARBIDE FORMER BEING FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TITANIUM AND COLUMBIUM, SAID CARBIDE FORMER BEING PRESENT IN A CARBIDE FORMER-TO-CARBON RATIO OF FROM 1.5 TO 25.
2. An article according to claim 1 wherein said carbide former is present in said plain carbon steel in a carbide former-to-carbon ratio of from 1.5 to 5.
3. An article according to claim 1 wherein said plain carbon steel contains up to 0.75% of carbide former.
4. An article according to claim 1 wherein said carbide former is present in said plain carbon steel in a carbide former-to-carbon ratio of from 5 to 15.
5. An article according to claim 1 having at least two layers from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys, and wherein said layer of plain carbon steel is sandwiched between said layers of metal from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys.
6. An article according to claim 1 including a layer of stainless steel, and wherein said layer of plain carbon steel is sandwiched between said layer of stainless steel and said layer of metal from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys.
7. An article according to claim 1 including a layer of third metal between said layer of metal from the group consisting of titanium and titanium base alloys and said layer of plain carbon steel, said layer of third metal being from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, palladium, platinum, copper and chromium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00292062A US3854891A (en) | 1972-09-25 | 1972-09-25 | Titanium composite |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00292062A US3854891A (en) | 1972-09-25 | 1972-09-25 | Titanium composite |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3854891A true US3854891A (en) | 1974-12-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00292062A Expired - Lifetime US3854891A (en) | 1972-09-25 | 1972-09-25 | Titanium composite |
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| US (1) | US3854891A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4023936A (en) * | 1976-06-14 | 1977-05-17 | Lukens Steel Company | Titanium clad steel and process for making |
| US4178417A (en) * | 1977-03-23 | 1979-12-11 | The Japan Steel Works, Ltd. | Clad steel |
| EP0060083A1 (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1982-09-15 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Titanium clad steel plate |
| EP0238854A2 (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-09-30 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Titanium-clad steel and a method for the manufacture thereof |
| EP0269994A2 (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1988-06-08 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Titanium-clad steel and method for the manufacture thereof |
| US4940638A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-07-10 | Nkk Corporation | Plated steel sheet for a can |
| US5190831A (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1993-03-02 | Explosive Fabricators, Inc. | Bonded titanium/steel components |
| US5256496A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1993-10-26 | Kluczynski Mathew L | Titanium-steel laminate knife |
| US6702177B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-03-09 | Le Carbone Lorraine | Manufacturing process for a plated product comprising a support part in steel and an anticorrosion metallic coating |
| US20060021680A1 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2006-02-02 | Li Yue G | Beta titanium alloy |
| US7812691B1 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2010-10-12 | Greatbatch Ltd. | Functionally graded coatings for lead wires in medical implantable hermetic feedthrough assemblies |
| US20110211945A1 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2011-09-01 | Snecma | Method for the manufacture of a circular revolution thermomechanical part including a titanium-based load-bearing substrate lined with steel or superalloy, a turbomachine compressor housing which is resistant to titanium fire obtained according to this method |
| CN105216394A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-06 | 中南大学 | A kind of High Performance W/steel composite material based on high temperature application and preparation method thereof |
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| US2137945A (en) * | 1935-03-29 | 1938-11-22 | Mathesius Walther | Process for producing titanium steel |
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| US3561099A (en) * | 1968-03-27 | 1971-02-09 | Western Gold & Platinum Co | Process of making a composite brazing alloy of titanium, copper and nickel |
| US3627561A (en) * | 1965-07-16 | 1971-12-14 | Owens Illinois Inc | Process for bonding platinum onto a base metal |
-
1972
- 1972-09-25 US US00292062A patent/US3854891A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2137945A (en) * | 1935-03-29 | 1938-11-22 | Mathesius Walther | Process for producing titanium steel |
| US2718690A (en) * | 1950-05-20 | 1955-09-27 | John B Ulam | Method of producing composite metals |
| US2736648A (en) * | 1952-03-06 | 1956-02-28 | United States Steel Corp | Low metalloid enameling steel and method of producing same |
| US2906008A (en) * | 1953-05-27 | 1959-09-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Brazing of titanium members |
| US2798843A (en) * | 1953-10-29 | 1957-07-09 | Rohr Aircraft Corp | Plating and brazing titanium |
| US2908966A (en) * | 1955-01-26 | 1959-10-20 | Horizons Inc | Titanium or zirconium clad steel |
| US3015885A (en) * | 1958-03-07 | 1962-01-09 | Lukens Steel Co | Cladding of steel plates with titanium |
| US3627561A (en) * | 1965-07-16 | 1971-12-14 | Owens Illinois Inc | Process for bonding platinum onto a base metal |
| US3555169A (en) * | 1968-01-02 | 1971-01-12 | Texas Instruments Inc | Composite layer material having an outer layer of copper and successive layer of stainless steel, low carbon steel and copper |
| US3561099A (en) * | 1968-03-27 | 1971-02-09 | Western Gold & Platinum Co | Process of making a composite brazing alloy of titanium, copper and nickel |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4023936A (en) * | 1976-06-14 | 1977-05-17 | Lukens Steel Company | Titanium clad steel and process for making |
| US4178417A (en) * | 1977-03-23 | 1979-12-11 | The Japan Steel Works, Ltd. | Clad steel |
| EP0060083A1 (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1982-09-15 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Titanium clad steel plate |
| EP0238854A2 (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-09-30 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Titanium-clad steel and a method for the manufacture thereof |
| EP0238854A3 (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1988-10-05 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Titanium-clad steel and a method for the manufacture thereof |
| US4839242A (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1989-06-13 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Titanium-clad steel and a method for the manufacture thereof |
| EP0269994A2 (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1988-06-08 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Titanium-clad steel and method for the manufacture thereof |
| US4806438A (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1989-02-21 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Titanium-clad steel and method for the manufacture thereof |
| EP0269994A3 (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1989-12-20 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Titanium-clad steel and method for the manufacture thereof |
| US4978588A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-12-18 | Nkk Corporation | Plated steel sheet for a can |
| US4940638A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1990-07-10 | Nkk Corporation | Plated steel sheet for a can |
| US5190831A (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1993-03-02 | Explosive Fabricators, Inc. | Bonded titanium/steel components |
| US5256496A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1993-10-26 | Kluczynski Mathew L | Titanium-steel laminate knife |
| US20060021680A1 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2006-02-02 | Li Yue G | Beta titanium alloy |
| US20100047076A1 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2010-02-25 | Li Yue G | Beta titanium alloy |
| US6702177B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-03-09 | Le Carbone Lorraine | Manufacturing process for a plated product comprising a support part in steel and an anticorrosion metallic coating |
| US7812691B1 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2010-10-12 | Greatbatch Ltd. | Functionally graded coatings for lead wires in medical implantable hermetic feedthrough assemblies |
| US20110211945A1 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2011-09-01 | Snecma | Method for the manufacture of a circular revolution thermomechanical part including a titanium-based load-bearing substrate lined with steel or superalloy, a turbomachine compressor housing which is resistant to titanium fire obtained according to this method |
| CN105216394A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-06 | 中南大学 | A kind of High Performance W/steel composite material based on high temperature application and preparation method thereof |
| CN105216394B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2018-02-09 | 中南大学 | A kind of tungsten/steel composite material based on high temperature application and preparation method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ALLEGHENY LUDLUM CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ALLEGHENY LUDLUM STEEL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004779/0642 Effective date: 19860805 |
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| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PITTSBURGH NATIONAL BANK Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ALLEGHENY LUDLUM CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004855/0400 Effective date: 19861226 |
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| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PITTSBURGH NATIONAL BANK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. RECORDED ON REEL 4855 FRAME 0400;ASSIGNOR:PITTSBURGH NATIONAL BANK;REEL/FRAME:005018/0050 Effective date: 19881129 |