US3882465A

US3882465A - Remote control system having command and address signals

Info

Publication number: US3882465A
Application number: US421901A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles W Cook; James T Odom
Original assignee: Avco Corp
Current assignee: JM Huber Corp
Priority date: 1973-12-05
Filing date: 1973-12-05
Publication date: 1975-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 1992-05-06

Abstract

A signaling system located at a central station sequentially interrogates a plurality of remotely located transponders. Means are provided for interrupting the normal addressing sequence and for commanding the operation of any one of eight relays at any selected remote station.

Description

Unite States Patent [1 1 [111 3,882,465

Cook et al. May 6, 1975 [54] REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM HAVING 3,634,824 1/1972 Zinn 340/167 A COMMAND AND ADDRESS SIGNALS 3,806,872 4/1974 Odom 340/167 A [75] Inventors: Charles W. Cook; James T. Odom,

both of Huntsville, Ala. Primary Examiner-Harold I. Pitts [73] Assignee: Avco Corporation, Huntsville, Ala. Agent or Flrmwchafles Hogan;

[22] Filed: Dec. 5, 1973 [21] App]. No.: 421,901

[57] ABSTRACT U-S- Cl. A ig li g y t l d t a t l t ti q [51] [1.1L Cl. H044] 9/00 tially interrogates a plurality f remotely located tran [58] new of Search 340/147 167 sponders. Means are provided for interrupting the nor- 340/152 164 R ma] addressing sequence and for commanding the 0peration of any one of eight relays at any selected re- [56] References Cited mote Station.

UNITED STATES PATENTS 1 3,518,628 6/1970 Giel 340/163 X 12 Claims, 12 Drawing Figures I7- CONTROLEE l7- CONTROLEE I7- CONTROLEE MONITORS -I4 MONITORS I4 MONITORS -I4 REMOTE REMOTE REMOTE STATION STATION STATION CENTRAL STATION 19.

1 I6 l6 I6 DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY PAIENIEDHIY' ems 3.882.465

sum 10$ 5 l7- CONTROLEE I7 CONTROLEE I7- CONTROLEE MONITORS I4' MONITORS -l4 MONITORS I ,12 I2 l ,2

REMOTE REMOTE REMOTE STATION STATION STATION CENTRAL STATION I ,16 l ,16 ,ls DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY F'I'Lt 'I'2 T T3 T I4 I m o 1 2 3 I I I I I I D I I I I I E2 PATENTEB IIII sIaIs SHEIII 2 OF 5 k ,44 s4 35 r 36 g SEQUENTIAL SEQUENTIAL SEQUENTIAL m SWITCHING SWITCHING SWITCHING 5 CIRCUIT CIRCUIT CIRCUIT INTERRUPT 5 CIRCUIT A E l E 1 ,S I ,42 Z t l ADDRESS ADDRESS ADDRESS SELECTOR SELECTOR SELECTOR 1 4a-o 50 l I A a B C J 37 ONE-SHOT ONE-SHOT oNE-SHoT I zs ze so RESPONSE oNE-SI-IoT 65 3a m SET Q I f FROM M N RESET OR GATE oNE-SI-IoTS AND TO REMOTE OSC'LLATOR GATE O STATIONS T ONESHOT ---o FROM N oNE SHO T58 T60 1 /62 T64 w x Y z COMMAND COMMAND COMMAND COMMAND SELECTOR SELECTOR SELECTOR SELECTOR I39 51 SS \SI l ea w x Y z ONE-SHOT ONE-SHOT *QNE-SHQT ONE-SHOT 1 1 To M N 49 5| 53 5s ONE-SHOTS r47 0R GATE PATENIEB HAY 6 I975 TO AND FROM CENTRAL O STATION FROM AND GATE 65 SHEET 3 BF 5 DEMOD- A B c 0 INTERFACE T R E ULATOR DECODER l 8| SENSOR w x Y z STATUS CONTROLEE ONE SHOT rr OSCILLATOR 85 ISI I534 T3147 r me M N COMMAND COMMAND o SELECTOR SELECTOR l T0 ONE-SHOT "n M N ONE-SHOT ONE-SHOT \43 I4s PATENTEB W 51975 SHEET 5 OF 5 YE mm NE mm. ON V: mO NO. mm Om O OmwNwmOmN Q N w O 1 w va 4 n q 4 J n I REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM HAVING COMMAND AND ADDRESS SIGNALS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention involves a transponder security system of the type disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,634,824 and which includes a signaling system having a plurality of remote stations and a central station. The central station has the capability of interrogating the remote stations in sequence, the addresss of the remote stations being time coded into the interrogating pulse transmissions. This invention provides means for interrupting the normal sequence and then commanding the operation of any one of eight or all relays at a selected station. The invention is an improvement utilizing the teachings of Zinn et al. in US. Pat. No. 3,634,824 and of Odom in US. Pat. application Ser. No. 358,862.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention provides for the electronic alteration of an address code in a transponder-type security system to remotely control equipment at the transponder location. In a previously existing system an address signal, herein sometimes called the ABCD address, causes a transponder to transmit its existing status back to the central station. This invention provides simple means that permits the performance of various functions at the remote station. This is accomplished by altering the address signal by inserting a command code ahead of it. We sometimes herein refer to the command code as the WXYZ command or the MN command.

The normal ABCD address comprises a burst of pulses A, a space B, a burst of pulses C, and a space D. Similarly, the WXYZ command is made up of a burst of pulses W, a space X, a burst of pulses Y and a space Z, while the MN command is made up of an M pulse and an N space. When demodulated, the various signals are square waves and for convenience are sometimes described as such.

When the transponder or other auxiliary device at a remote location decodes a proper command and when it decodes a proper address, a relay will open or close. The auxiliary device added at the remote transponder is referred to in this specification as a controlee. Each controlee has eight relays associated with it and depending on the command code, any one or all of the eight relays can be energized or some other function can be performed. Four controlees can be selectively controlled. The widths of the pulses and spaces of the address and command codes are chosen such that the command decoder will not be acted on by the ABCD pulses, and the address decoder will not be acted on by WXYZ or MN pulses.

THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a transponder system in which the disclosed invention is utilized;

FIGS. 2a, 2b, and 2c are curves showing the nature of the coded transmitted address signal and command signals;

FIG. 3 is a curve showing the nature of the coded transponded signal;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the interrupter system disclosed in Odom application Ser. No. 358,862, and modified for use in accordance with this invention except that for the purpose of simplification, it does not embody the means for generating the MN command;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the transponder with the addition of a controlee;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the controlee;

FIG. 7 is a series of curves illustrating the operation of the controlee;

FIG. 8 is a series of curves showing the operation of the timing shift register;

FIG. 9 shows the system for generation of the MN command; and

FIG. 10 is a series of curves showing the operation of the MN command portion of the system.

The overall system is shown schematically in FIG. 1. A central station 10 sends to the remote stations 12 a series of tone pulses which represent the remote station address. Each of the particular remote stations 12 (of which there may be any number within the time capabilities of the system) responds to a particular interrogation by transmitting back to the central station tone pulses of lengths that are determined by the status and changes of status of the respective monitors 14 connected to it. Having received the responses from the remote station, the central station decodes the response, processes the information and displays it in displays 16 in a manner described in US. Pat. No. 3,634,824, and in US. Pat. application Ser. No. 359,238. In addition each remote station 12 is provided with a controlee 17 which functions, on command from the central station, to perform a pre-wired function, for example, to activate or deactivate a particular monitor equipment.

The addresses of the remote stations are contained in a fixed frequency signal of the type shown in FIG. 2a. As shown, the central station transmits a first fixed frequency signal A having a duration T1. This is followed by a space B which occurs for a period T2. The space B is then followed by another signal C of the same fixed frequency and having a time period T3 which is then followed by a space D having a period T4. The address of the remote station is coded into the transmission by varying each of the time periods T1, T2, and T3. The time period T4 is a fixed period during which the remote station transponds. Theoretically the number of addresses may be multiplied by adding additional time periods, all of which may be variable. In a practical system, only the times T1 and T2 were variable to provide a combination of 25 addresses. When a function is to be performed by a controlee 17, the normal address sequence is interrupted, the address signal is delayed, and a WXYZ command signal is transmitted. As shown in FIG. 2b, the command signal precedes the address signal.

As indicated in FIG. 1, each of the remote stations may contain a number of monitors 14. Certain of the monitors may, for example, be arranged to detect the opening of a window, the breaking of a window, the walking on a floor, a fire, or the opening of a door. Each of these conditions is given a priority level. As shown in FIG. 3, a remote station transmits a single frequency back to the central station and it will have a duration determined by the highest level alarm that is causing a transmission. The first period t, of the transmission occurs at every interrogation to give a positive indication that the transponder is operative. A level 0 priority alarm has a duration t a level 1 priority alarm will have a duration t and so forth, so that the highest level alarm signal will dominate all transponded signals. The means for generating an alarm is described in detail in U.S. Pat. application of Odom, Ser. No. 358,862 and is not repeated here.

When an indication appears at the central station that an alarm is being transmitted by the remote station, it is desirable to interrupt the normal sequence, and re-interrogate the station from which an alarm is indicated and then display or otherwise read out the particular cause of the alarm. The block diagram in FIG. 4 shows schematically how the addresses to the remote stations are sequentially coded and transmitted, and also how the normal sequence is interrupted. As will also be seen, the interruption of the normal signal provides the means for delaying the ABCD address and preceding it with a WXYZ command or an MN command.

As shown in FIG. 4, the transmission system includes a fixed frequency oscillator 20 which transmits a signal to the remote stations whenever its associated AND gate 22 is enabled. The AND gate 22 is enabled only when it receives the output from an OR gate 24 in addition to the output signal from the oscillator 20.

To control the output from the OR gate 24, and therefore to permit the introduction of the appropriate addresses for the remote stations, a plurality of

oneshots

26, 28, 30, and 32 are connected in series, that is, the one-shots are arranged so that the trailing edge of one triggers the next. It will be noted that the response one-shot 32 is coupled to the one-shot 26 through an AND gate 33 and an OR gate 37. The output of each of the one-shots is a square wave having a duration determined by the time constants which are set in. The one-shot 32, referred to as the response oneshot, has a fixed time constant so that the duration T4 of its output remains fixed. The time constants of the one-

shots

26, 28, and 30 are alterable, sequentially or manually, and the durations of the outputs from these one-shots determine the time periods T1, T2 and T3 shown in FIG. 2a. These four one-shots provide the ABCD address code.

Under normal conditions, the time constants of the one-

shots

26, 28, and 30 are changed by sequentially and cyclically introducing different values of resistance into their respective R-C circuits. This is accomplished by means of conventional

sequential switching circuits

34, 35, and 36.

The

sequential switching circuits

34, 35, and 36 have a number of stages, each one of which sequentially connects a different resistor value into a respective oneshot R-C network through an associated

address selector circuit

38, 40, and 42. The update clock for the sequential switching circuit 34 is the output pulse from the response one-shot 32. After the last stage of the switching circuit 34 is activated, the next update pulse resets it to the first stage and updates sequential switching circuit 35. Similarly, the resetting of the sequential switching circuit 35 updates the switching circuit 36. This means that if there are five stations in each switching circuit, there is a possibility of having 125 different addresses. In a system as reduced to practice, there were five stages in the circuit 34 and five stages in the circuit 35 and only a single stage in the circuit 36, so that a total of 25 addresses were possible. The particular resistor selected by the switching circuit 34 is connected into the one-shot 26 through address selector 38, the resistor selected by the circuit 35 is connected to one-shot 28 through the address selector 40, and the resistor selected by the switching circuit 36 is connected into the one-shot 30 by the address selector 42. As described in detail in said Odom application, the response one-shot 32 provides the update pulse for the sequential switching circuit 34 through an interrupt circuit 44. For reasons hereinafter explained, the output from the response one-shot is developed through the AND gate 33. It is applied to the one-shot 26 through the OR gate 37.

A particular ABCD address is selected by manually setting certain time constants into the

address selectors

38, 40, and 42 through

terminals

46, 48, and 50 and interrupting the sequencing of the switching

circuits

34, 35, and 36. As explained in detail in the Odom application, a preselected resistor establishes the time constants of the one-

shots

26, 28, and 30 to code the selected address for transmission.

To transmit a command to a selected address, this invention provides for the delay of the ABCD address signal and for the insertion of a WXYZ command. The same oscillator 20, AND gate 22, and OR gate 24 used to generate the ABCD address are also used to generate the WXYZ command. However, for the purpose of generating the command, the OR gate 24 is also controlled by a series of one-

shots

49, 51, 53, and 55. The output of one-shot 49 provides the W pulse which is applied to the OR gate 24 through OR gate 47. The oneshot 51 provides the X space. The one-shot 53 provides the Y pulse which is applied to the AND gate 22 through the OR

gates

47 and 24. The one-shot 55 provides the Z space. The time constant for each of the one-

shots

49, 51, 53, and 55 is provided, respectively, by

command selectors

57, 59, 61, and 63, the particular command being set in at the

terminals

58, 60, 62, and 64. The command system operates in the same manner as the address system, that is to say, the output of each of the one-shots is a square wave having a duration determined by the time constants which are set in and each is connected in series, that is, they are arranged so that the trailing edge of one triggers the next.

As previously noted, the ABCD address is delayed so that the WXYZ command can be inserted ahead of it. For this purpose we provide an AND gate 65 having an input terminal 67 to which an initiate command is applied in the form of a direct voltage. The second input terminal of AND gate 65 is supplied with the output of the response one-shot 32.

The initiate command pulse is also applied to a latch 69, the Q output of which is normally a logical l. Upon the application of the initiate command pulse to the set input terminal of latch 69, the Q output terminal of the latch 69 is changed to a logical 0. No output can then be developed from the AND gate 33 when it receives the next output pulse from the response one-shot 32. When the AND gate 33 has a logical O at one of its input terminals, the output from the response one-shot 32 cannot update the one-shot 26, so that any address which has been inserted into the

address selectors

38, 40, and 42 cannot be transmitted.

Since the output pulse of the response one-shot 32 is also applied to the second input terminal of the AND gate 65, an output pulse is developed at the output terminal of the AND gate 65. This pulse is applied to the interrupt circuit 44 so that the normal address switching is interrupted. The same pulse is also applied to the W one-shot 49 so that a WXYZ command signal is initiated and transmitted from the oscillator 20 through the AND gate 22 to the remote stations.

The trailing edge of the output of the Z one-shot 55 triggers a one-shot 71 which is connected to the reset terminal of latch 69, thereby re-establishing a logical l at the Q output and in addition is applied through the OR gate 37 to the one-shot 26 to begin the cycling of the address one-

shots

26, 28, 30, and 32. Upon the completion of that cycle the response one-shot recycles the system through the normal sequence switching cycles.

The operation of the remote stations is shown generally in FIG. 5. The signal from the central station is applied from the telephone lines through an interface 73,

' and filter 75 and an amplifier 77. The signal from amplifier 77 comprises the series of pulses shown in FIG.

2a if no command is given or in FIG. 2b if a command is included. The signal is then applied to a demodulator 79, the output of which is a square wave of the envelope of the curves shown in FIGS. or 2b. In the absence of the WXYZ command signal, the decoder 81 serves to decode the ABCD address signal, and as described in the aforesaid Odom application, enables the generation of an output pulse from status one-shots 83. The outputs from the status one-shots 83 will be a pulse having a duration depending upon the status of the various sensor inputs applied to the

various input terminals

0, 1, 2, and n. This pulse provides one input to an AND gate 85, the other input of which is supplied by an oscillator 87. The output from the AND gate 85 is therefore a burst of pulses having a duration representing the level of the sensor which is providing an input for transmission back to the central station through the interface 73. If an WXYZ command appears in the output of the demodulator 79, then it is decoded ahead of the ABCD address in the controlee 17 to control the energiation of any of a group of eight relays 81.

The controlee for selectively operating any one or all of eight relays is shown in FIG. 6. Each of the relays 81 is represented as a relay coil 81 in the collector-emitter circuit of a transistor 82, the base of which is biased by a binary voltage applied through a resistor 84. While only one relay coil and transistor is shown, it will be understood that eight such sets are provided, one connected to each of a group of eight flip-flops 86a-h. The relays are turned on or off by selectively setting or resetting any one or all eight of the flip-flops 86a-h.

The flip-flops 86ah are selectively set by the outputs from a set of AND gates 88a-h. When a particular AND gate 88a-h is enabled, a respective flip-flop changes state to energize or de-energize a relay.

A second set of AND gates 90a and 90b are each used to enable half of the AND gates 88a-h. That is to say, when the AND gate 90a is enabled, a logical l is applied to one input terminal of each of the AND gates 88a, c, e, and g, and when the AND gate 90b is enabled, a logical l is applied to one of the input terminals of each of the AND gates 88b, d, f, and h.

The AND gates 90a and 90b are enabled by two inputs, one from the outputs of flip-

flops

92a and 92b, respectively, the other from the output of a one-shot 83 (also see FIG. 5). If the AND gate 90a is enabled, then each of the four AND gates 88a, 0, e, and g has a logical l on one of its inputs. One of those four is selected by the flip-flops 94ab, 940d, 94ef, or 94gh. For example, if a logical 1 is developed on the output of 94ab at the same time that a logical l is developed at the output of AND gate 900, the AND gate 88a will be enabled and the flip-flop 86a will change state. On the other hand,

if the flip-flop 92b changed state, the AND gate b would be enabled by the output of the one-shot 83 and hence the AND gates 88b, d, f, and it would be enabled, depending on the status of the four flip-flops 94ab to gh.

The logic of the WXYZ code as applied to this system is as follows: Every W pulse has a duration of one or two time units. Every X space has a duration of l, 2, 3, or 4 time units. Every Y pulse has a duration of one or-two time units, and every Z pulse has a duration of l, 2, 3, or 4 time units. In a practical system each unit of time was equal to 12 milliseconds, and for purposes of convenience that duration will be discussed in the following examples.

The purpose of the W pulse is to arrange the logic of the flip-flops 86a-h so that on completion of the command, a relay which is on can be turned off, or a relay which is off can be turned on. The purpose of the X space is to select one of four controlees, in this case controlee N0. 3. The purpose of the Y pulse is to enable either an AND gate 96a or an AND gate 96b, depending on the duration of the Y pulse. The AND

gates

96a and 96b set either the flip-flop 920 or 92b which in turn enables AND gates 90a or 90b to supply a logical l to four of the gates 88a-h. The purpose of the Z pulse is to select a particular one of the four.

The received WXYZ command and ABCD address are applied to a pulse shaper 100. The wave train envelope at the output of pulse shaper 100 of the transmitted pulses is developed, as shown in FIG. 7. The output of the pulse shaper 100 is then applied to an edge differentiator 102 which develops a series of leading and trailing edge pulses b. The pulses b provide the logic for the operation of the gates.

The pulses b are applied to one-shots 104 and 106 which develop output pulses c and d. The output pulses c are supplied to a clock 108 which is designed to operate at a 12 millisecond rate; i.e., the clock generates a 6-millisecond pulse followed by a 6-millisecond space (pulse e, FIG. 7). The pulses c serve to synchronize the operation of the clock with the WXYZ command. The pulses e are used to advance a timing shift register 1 10. The pulses a from the one-shot 106 are used for resetting the timing shift register 110.

The timing shift register 110 contains conventional binary circuits which serve to generate sequential output timing pulses I, II, III, and IV (see FIG. 8) at the output of its

stages

1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Each positive going timing pulse e lasts 6 milliseconds. The pulse at output terminal 1 occurs 6 milliseconds after reset by pulse d. The pulses II, III, and IV sequentially follow the pulse I. For example, in the illustrated WXYZ command, the W pulse is 24 milliseconds, and therefore a l2-millisecond output pulse will be developed at terminal 1 and then at terminal 2. Further, since space X is 48 milliseconds, l2-millisecond output pulses will be developed sequentially at

terminals

1, 2, 3, and 4, the pulse I extending from 6-18 milliseconds, the pulse II from 18-30 milliseconds, the pulse III from 30-42 milliseconds, and the pulse IV from 4254 milliseconds. (The times above stated ignore the width of the b pulses.)

The output pulses b from the edge differentiator 102 are also applied through a series of gates (to be described) to the input terminal 112 of a pulse shift register 114. Initially (i.e., after reset) the pulse shift register has an output at stage W. Each pulse b applied to the input terminal 112 advances the pulse shift register 114 once. Since the pulses b represent the beginnings and ends of the WXYZ command, a logical 1 will appear at the W stage during the generation of the W pulse, a logical 1 will appear at the X stage during the generation of the X space, a logical 1 will appear at the Y stage during the generation of a Y pulse, and a logical 1 will appear at the Z stage during the generation of the Z space. The end of the Z space (the beginning of the ABCD address) serves to reset the register 1 14 to its W stage.

To describe the system of gates and the relationship between the timing shift register 1 10 and the pulse shift register 114, we will assume particular WXYZ commands. First, let us assume that a W pulse is one unit in width, or 12 milliseconds. In such a case the output pulses b from the edge differentiator 102 will provide a logical 1 to an input terminal of several AND

gates

118, 120, 122 and 134.

The AND gate 116 will be enabled only if its two other input terminals are provided with logical ls. One of the input terminals will have a logical 1 if the timing shift register has a logical l at its first terminal. Such a condition will occur if the trailing edge of the W pulse occurs 12 milliseconds after the leading edge. The other terminal will be provided with an enabling pulse from the W stage of the pulse shift register if the register has not otherwise been advanced. This means that if the W pulse is 12 milliseconds long, the AND gate 116 will be enabled and it will provide an output pulse to the on terminal of a flip-flop 124 causing the flipflop 124 to change state, enabling the flip-flops 86a-h so that the pulse output of one of the gates 88a-h can turn one of the relays 81 on, if it has been off.

Assume now that the W pulse is 24 milliseconds, or 2 units long. As before, the pulse b occurring at the trailing edge of the W pulse provides a logical 1 for one input of AND gate 116. In addition, since the pulse shift register 114 is in its initial W state, the gate 116 is provided with a second logical 1. However, since the W pulse is 24 milliseconds long, the timing shift register 110 will have been advanced to its second output terminal so that the third input terminal of AND gate 116 is not enabled, and an output pulse is not developed from the AND gate 116. This means that the flip-flop 124 remains in its initial state, and therefore the next enabling pulses to one of the gates 88a-h will serve to turn a particular relay off, if it has been on.

The pulse b occurring at the trailing edge of the W pulse is applied to an AND gate 120. If AND gate 120 is otherwise enabled, then it develops an output pulse through an OR gate 125 which supplies a pulse to the input terminal 112 and advances the shift register 114 to the X stage. The AND gate 120 is enabled at one of its input terminals through an OR gate 126 with logical 1 existing at the W stage of the pulse shift register 114. Another terminal of the AND gate 120 is enabled through the OR gate 128 with the logical 1 output of the first stage (if the W pulse is one unit) or the second state (if the W pulse is two units) of the timing shift register 110. Thus, upon the occurrence of the pulse b at the trailing edge of the W pulse, the pulse shift register 114 is advanced to the X stage. The pulse 0 generated at the trailing edge of the W pulse resets the timing shift register to 0.

Next assume that the X space is 36 milliseconds. (It could also be 12, 14, or 48 milliseconds, but this illustrated system can only decode an X pulse if it is 36 milliseconds, because the switch 133 is connected to stage 3 of the timing shift register.) A 36-millisecond X space will cause the timing shift register 1 10 to advance to its third stage and a logical I is applied through the switch 133 to one input terminal of the AND gate 134. The second terminal of the AND gate 134 is connected directly with the logical 1 output from the X stage of the pulse shift register 114. Therefore, the pulse b occurring at the leading edge of the pulse Y passes through the enabled AND gate 134 and the OR gate 124 to the input terminal 112 of the pulse shift register 114, thereby advancing the pulse shift register to the Y stage. The output pulse c occurring at the leading edge of the Y pulses resets the timing shift register to 0 so that the system is now ready to analyze the Y pulse. (Note that with the switch 133 rotated to connect to any other stage of register 110, it could not have decoded a 36-millisecond X space.)

Now assume that the Y pulse is 24 milliseconds. The clock 108 advances the timing shift register 110 to its second stage from which a logical 1 is supplied to one input terminal of AND gate 96b. Moreover, the logical 1 appearing at the Y stage of the pulse shift register 1 14 is also applied to the AND gate 96a. Thus, AND gate 96b is enabled to change the state of the flip-flop 92b to provide a logical 1 output for one input terminal of the AND gate b. Had the W pulse been 12 milliseconds, the AND gate 96a would have been enabled and the flip-flop 92a would have changed state to provide a logical l for the AND gate 90a.

The logical 1 at the second stage of the timing shift register is also supplied through the OR gate 128 to one terminal of the AND gate 120. A second terminal of the AND gate is supplied through the OR gate 126 with the logical 1 from the Y stage of the pulse shift register 114. The pulse b occurring at the trailing edge of the Y pulse passes through the AND gate 120 and the OR gate to the input terminal 112 of the pulse shift register 114 so that the register is advanced to its Z stage. At the same time the c pulse resets the timing shift register 110 to 0 and the system is now prepared to analyze the Z space.

Now if the Z pulse is 48 milliseconds (it could also be 12, 24, or 36 milliseconds), a logical 1 appears at the fourth stage of the timing shift register 110 and a logica] 1 is supplied through the OR gate 130 to one input of the AND gate 118. Moreover, the logical l at the Z stage of the pulse shift register 114 is applied through OR gate 132 to a second input terminal of AND gate 118. The Z output stage also supplies a logical l to one terminal of each of the AND gates 98a-d. A second terminal of each of the AND gates 98a-d is also supplied with the logical bs, pulses I, II, III, and IV appearing sequentially at each of the stages of timing shift register 110. The occurrence of a pulse b at the end of the Z space coincides with pulse IV and therefore the leading edge of the ABCD address passes through both the AND gate 118 and the AND gate 98d. This changes the state of flip-flop 94gh to provide a logical 1 for one terminal of AND gate 88h. It also advances the pulse shift register 114 to its W stage.

Now, upon the occurrence of a response from a proper ABCD address, as described in detail in the Odom application, a response pulse is generated in the one-shot 83. This pulse passes through AND gate 90b and 88h to change the state of flip-flop 86h and turn its associated relay on or off. Following the pulse from the one-shot 83, a second one-shot pulse is generated by a one-shot 135. This pulse is applied through an OR gate 137 to the off terminal of the flip-flop 124, which is now ready for a new command.

The MN command serves to turn one or all of the relays on each controlee on or off simultaneously. FIG. 9 when added to FIG. 4 shows the means for generating the MN command pulse. As shown, the system incorporates two

switches

139 and 141 which selectively connect the initiate command pulse at terminal 67 through the AND gate 65 to either the WXYZ oneshots, or the MN one-shots. With the

switches

139 and 141 in the position shown in FIG. 4, the OR gate 24 is controlled by the WXYZ one-

shots

49, 51, 53, and 55. With the switches in the position shown in FIG. 9, the OR gate 24 is controlled by MN oneshots 143 and 145.

The output of the one-shot 143 provides the M pulse which is applied directly to OR gate 24. The one-shot 145 provides the N space which is applied to one-shot 71. The time constant for the one-

shots

143 and 145 is provided, respectively, by

command selector

147 and 149, the particular command being set in at

terminals

151 and 153. The output of each of the one-shots is a square wave having a duration determined by the time constants which are set in and the trailing edge of the M pulse from the one-shot 143 triggers the N one-shot 145. The MN command then functions in the same manner as WXYZ command, and is transmitted to the remote stations ahead of the ABCD address. However, the controlee is independent of the ABCD address, and the relays operate independently of a response to an address code.

The M pulse may have one or two widths, for example 450 and 650 milliseconds. If it is 450 milliseconds, it may be used to close one or more of the relays 81, and it will also close similar relays of other controlees. If it is 650 milliseconds, it is used to open each of the relays 81. The N space is 650 milliseconds. While these particular times were used in a practical application of the invention, it will be recognized that other times may also be used so long as they do not provide a conflict with the WXYZ pulses or with the ABCD pulses.

The MN pulses are ahead of the delayed ABCD pulses and are applied to the pulse shapers 100 at the remote stations (see FIG. 6). The square wave output of the pulse shaper 100 (see the

curves

1 and 2 in FIG. 10) is applied to one input of an AND gate 160, the other input of which is supplied with the 6-millisecond pulses of the clock 108. The output from the AND gate 160 is applied to a counter 162. The counter 162 has two output stages 01 and 02. The logic of the counter is such that a logical O is on its output terminal 01 except during the time interval from 384-576 milliseconds when it is a logical 1 (see curve 2 in FIG. 10). Similarly, a logical is at the output terminal 02 except during the interval from 577-768 milliseconds (see curve in FIG. The output at stage 01 is applied to AND gate 164 while the output at stage 02 is applied to AND gate 166.

The output from the pulse shaper 100 is also applied to the edge differentiator 102 which, as before, produces pulses b at the leading and trailing edges of the M and N pulses (see

curves

3 and 6 in FIG. 10). The pulses b are applied to both AND

gates

164 and 166. If a pulse b occurs when a logical l is present at output stage 01, an on pulse is gated through AND gate 164 to one or more of the flip-flops 86ah. If a b pulse occurs when a logical l is present at stage 02, then an off pulse is applied through the AND gate 166 to one or more of the flip-flops 86a-h. Note that while only one such flip-flop 86h is shown connected to the on-off lines, the invention contemplates the connection of one or more of the flip-flops 86ah across such lines so that all of the relays 81 may be turned on or off simultaneously.

The MN pulses generated for the purpose of turning all the relays on or off are not decoded in the WXYZ decoder, since the pulses b do not occur at the programmed times and the WXYZ decoder is automatically reset without activating any of the relays 81. Upon the generation of the first pulse b, the pulse shift register is at its W stage and it cannot be shifted until the end of the M pulse when a second pulse b is generated. Since the logic of the WXYZ decoder is such that a W pulse must occur within 24 milliseconds, this means that there will be no logical l in the timing shift register that will be applied to either of the

OR gates

128 and 130, and therefore no advance pulse can be developed for the pulse shift register 114. The absence of an advance pulse means there will be a logical 0 at the input of an inverter 168, and the output of the inverter 168 supplies a logical l to the input of AND gate 122. The occurrence of pulse b when applied to the other input of AND gate 122 develops a reset pulse for the pulse shift register so that the system is returned to its initial state (or maintained in its original state) if the timing of the WXYZ pulses is not as programmed.

Reset also occurs after a proper decoding and response. The same reset pulse applied to the pulse shift register is also applied to one input of an AND gate 170. The other input of an AND gate 170 is supplied through an inverter 172 with the output from the Z state of the pulse shift register 114. If the Z state is at logical O, a logical l is therefore applied to the AND gate 170 through the inverter 172 and the occurrence of a reset pulse from the AND gate 122 is then applied through the OR gate 137 to the off input terminal of flip-flop 124.

We claim:

1. In a signaling system having a central station and a plurality of remote transponding stations, the combination comprising:

signal transmitting means at said central station for transmitting coded address signal to said remote stations;

an address decoder at each of said remote stations for decoding a particular one of said coded address signals;

means responsive to the decoding of a particular one of said address signals for generating a response signal to said central station;

command means at said central station for transmitting a coded command signal ahead of a selected address signal;

a command decoder at each of said remote stations for decoding said command signals; and

means responsive to the decoding of said command signals and the generation of said response signal for generating a response to said command signal.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said signal transmitting means transmits said coded address signals in a preestablished sequence; and

wherein said command transmitting means includes means for interrupting and delaying said sequence until the transmission of said command signal and a selected address signal are completed.

3. The invention as defined in claim 2 wherein said address and command signals are duration coded pulses, said command decoder comprising a plurality of gates, said plurality being equal to the number of command signals, said gates each having an output connected to a respective load and having first and second inputs, each of said first inputs being supplied with a pulse by only one decoded command signal, said second input being enabled by said response signal.

4. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said command signal and said address signal each comprises a plurality of pulses and spaces each having a coded duration, the first pulse of said address signal immediately following the last space of said command signal, and wherein said command decoder comprises:

means for generating a short duration pulse at the leading and trailing edges of each of said pulses;

a clock for generating timing pulses, said clock being synchronized by said short duration pulses;

a timing shift register having a plurality of outputs, each of said outputs representing one possible coded duration, said timing shift register being advanced by the timing pulses of said clock;

a pulse shift register having a plurality of outputs equal to the number of pulses and spaces of said command signal, said pulse shift register being advanced by each of said short duration pulses whereby each output represents a particular pulse or space; and

a system of gates, a selected one of said gates being enabled in response to one preselected combination of the outputs of said pulse shift register and said timing shift register, and a response to said address signal.

5. The invention as defined in claim 4 wherein said command decoder also comprises first and second gates, the outputs from said gates serving to initiate or terminate a function, said first gate being enabled when the duration of said command signal is equal to a first predetermined period of time substantially greater than said coded duration, said second gate being enabled when the duration of said command signal pulse is equal to a second such predetermined period of time, whereby a function may simultaneously be performed at all remote stations.

6. The invention as defined in claim 4 wherein said command decoder also comprises a counter, the output pulses from said clock being applied to said counter during the period of each command pulse, said counter having first and second outputs representing first and second periods of time, each substantially greater than said coded duration;

first and second AND gates, each having first and second inputs, said first inputs of said first and second AND gates being connected, respectively, to said first and second outputs of said counter, said second input of said first and second AND gates being supplied with said short duration pulses whereby an output is developed at the output of one of said first or second gates when a command pulse of said predetermined durations is counted by said counter, said output from said AND gates serving to provide first and second functions.

7. The invention as defined in claim 6 wherein said pulse shift register and said timing shift register are reset whenever said command pulses or spaces are different from said coded durations.

8. In a signaling system having signal transmitting means at a central station for transmitting coded address and command signals to remote stations, and a command signal decoder at each of said remote stations for decoding said command signals, said command signal and said address signals each comprising a plurality of signal pulses and spaces each having a coded duration, the first pulse of said address signal immediately following the last space of said command signal, said command decoder comprising:

means for generating a short duration pulse at the leading and trailing edges of each of said signal pulses;

9. The invention as defined in claim 8 wherein said command decoder also comprises first and second gates, the output from said gates serving to initiate or terminate a function, said first gate being enabled when the duration of said command signal is equal to a predetermined period of time substantially greater than said first coded duration, said second gate being enabled when the duration of said command signal pulse is equal to a second such predetermined period of time, whereby a function may be performed at all remote stations simultaneously.

10. The invention as defined in claim 8 wherein said command decoder comprises a counter, the output pulses from said clock being applied to said counter during the period of each command pulse, said counter having first and second outputs representing first and second periods of time, each substantially greater than said coded duration;

first and second AND gates, each having first and second inputs, said first inputs of said first and second AND gates being connected, respectively, to said first and second outputs of said counter, said second input of said first and second AND gates being supplied with said short duration pulses whereby an output is developed at said first or second output when a command pulse of said predetermined durations is counted by said counter, the output from said AND gates serving to provide first and second functions.

l l. The invention as defined in claim wherein said pulse shift register and said timing shift register are reset whenever said command pulses or spaces are different from said coded durations.

12. In a signaling system having a central station and a plurality of remote stations, said central station having means for sequentially transmitting time coded address signals to each of said remote stations in a preestablished sequence, each of said remote stations transponding to said central station upon receipt of a respective time coded address signal, the combination comprising:

a fixed frequency oscillator having a fixed frequency output;

a gate having an output terminal and first and second input terminals, said fixed frequency output being applied to the first input terminal, said fixed frequency output being coupled to said remote stations through the output terminal of said gate when said gate is enabled, said gate being enabled when an enabling pulse is applied to said second terminal, the duration of each enabling pulse establishing said time coded address signals;

first enabling pulse generating means for sequentially generating enabling pulses of different durations, said durations representing said coded address signals, the output of said enabling pulse generating means being applied to said second terminal;

a first plurality of duration determining means connectable into said enabling pulse generating means for establishing the duration of said enabling pulse;

sequential switching means for sequentially connecting each of said duration determining means into said enabling pulse generating means for establishing the durations of said enabling pulse in said preestablished sequence;

a second plurality of selectable duration determining means;

second enabling pulse generating means for sequentially generating enabling pulses of different durations distinct from the durations of said coded address signals, said distinct durations repesenting a command signal;

means for interrupting said first enabling means and for applying said second enabling means to said second input terminal for transmitting a command signal to said remote station;

means after the transmission of said command for transmitting a coded address signal;

means at said remote stations for decoding said command signal;

means at said remote station for decoding said address signal; and

means responsive to the decoding of said address signal for generating a response to said command.

Claims

1. In a signaling system having a central station and a plurality of remote transponding stations, the combination comprising: signal transmitting means at said central station for transmitting coded address signal to said remote stations; an address decoder at each of said remote stations for decoding a particular one of said coded address signals; means responsive to the decoding of a particular one of said address signals for generating a response signal to said central station; command means at said central station for transmitting a coded command signal ahead of a selected address signal; a command decoder at each of said remote stations for decoding said command signals; and means responsive to the decoding of said command signals and the generation of said response signal for generating a response to said command signal.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said signal transmitting means transmits said coded address signals in a preestablished sequence; and wherein said command transmitting means includes means for interrupting and delaying said sequence until the transmission of said command signal and a selected address signal are completed.

4. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said command signal and said address signal each comprises a plurality of pulses and spaces each having a coded duration, the first pulse of said address signal immediately following the last space of said command signal, and wherein said command decoder comprises: means for generating a short duration pulse at the leading and trailing edges of each of said pulses; a clock for generating timing pulses, said clock being synchronized by said short duration pulses; a timing shift register having a plurality of outputs, each of said outputs representing one possible coded duration, said timing shift register being advanced by the timing pulses of said clock; a pulse shift register having a plurality of outputs equal to the number of pulses and spaces of said command signal, said pulse shift register being advanced by each of said short duration pulses whereby each output represents a particular pulse or space; and a system of gates, a selected one of said gates being enabled in response to one preselected combination of the outputs of said pulse shift register and said timing shift register, and a response to said address signal.

6. The invention as defined in claim 4 wherein said command decoder also comprises a counter, the output pulses from said clock being applied to said counter during the period of each command pulse, said counter having first and second outputs representing first and second periods of Time, each substantially greater than said coded duration; first and second AND gates, each having first and second inputs, said first inputs of said first and second AND gates being connected, respectively, to said first and second outputs of said counter, said second input of said first and second AND gates being supplied with said short duration pulses whereby an output is developed at the output of one of said first or second gates when a command pulse of said predetermined durations is counted by said counter, said output from said AND gates serving to provide first and second functions.

8. In a signaling system having signal transmitting means at a central station for transmitting coded address and command signals to remote stations, and a command signal decoder at each of said remote stations for decoding said command signals, said command signal and said address signals each comprising a plurality of signal pulses and spaces each having a coded duration, the first pulse of said address signal immediately following the last space of said command signal, said command decoder comprising: means for generating a short duration pulse at the leading and trailing edges of each of said signal pulses; means for generating a short duration pulse at the leading and trailing edges of each of said signal pulses; a clock for generating timing pulses, said clock being synchronized by said short duration pulses; a timing shift register having a plurality of outputs, each of said outputs representing one possible coded duration, said timing shift register being advanced by the timing pulses of said clock; a pulse shift register having a plurality of outputs equal to the number of pulses and spaces of said command signal, said pulse shift register being advanced by each of said short duration pulses whereby each output represents a particular pulse or space; and a system of gates, a selected one of said gates being enabled in response to one preselected combination of the outputs of said pulse shift register and said timing shift register, and a response to said address signal.

10. The invention as defined in claim 8 wherein said command decoder comprises a counter, the output pulses from said clock being applied to said counter during the period of each command pulse, said counter having first and second outputs representing first and second periods of time, each substantially greater than said coded duration; first and second AND gates, each having first and second inputs, said first inputs of said first and second AND gates being connected, respectively, to said first and second outputs of said counter, said second input of said first and second AND gates being supplied with said short duration pulses whereby an output is developed at said first or second output when a command pulse of said predetermined durations is counted by said counter, the output from said AND gates serving to provide first and second functions.

11. The invention as defined in claim 10 wherein said pulse shift register and said timing shift register are reset whenever said command pulses or spaces are different from said coded durations.

12. In a signaling system having a central station and a plurality of reMote stations, said central station having means for sequentially transmitting time coded address signals to each of said remote stations in a pre-established sequence, each of said remote stations transponding to said central station upon receipt of a respective time coded address signal, the combination comprising: a fixed frequency oscillator having a fixed frequency output; a gate having an output terminal and first and second input terminals, said fixed frequency output being applied to the first input terminal, said fixed frequency output being coupled to said remote stations through the output terminal of said gate when said gate is enabled, said gate being enabled when an enabling pulse is applied to said second terminal, the duration of each enabling pulse establishing said time coded address signals; first enabling pulse generating means for sequentially generating enabling pulses of different durations, said durations representing said coded address signals, the output of said enabling pulse generating means being applied to said second terminal; a first plurality of duration determining means connectable into said enabling pulse generating means for establishing the duration of said enabling pulse; sequential switching means for sequentially connecting each of said duration determining means into said enabling pulse generating means for establishing the durations of said enabling pulse in said pre-established sequence; a second plurality of selectable duration determining means; second enabling pulse generating means for sequentially generating enabling pulses of different durations distinct from the durations of said coded address signals, said distinct durations repesenting a command signal; means for interrupting said first enabling means and for applying said second enabling means to said second input terminal for transmitting a command signal to said remote station; means after the transmission of said command for transmitting a coded address signal; means at said remote stations for decoding said command signal; means at said remote station for decoding said address signal; and means responsive to the decoding of said address signal for generating a response to said command.