US3890975A - Controlled release suture - Google Patents
Controlled release suture Download PDFInfo
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- US3890975A US3890975A US409974A US40997473A US3890975A US 3890975 A US3890975 A US 3890975A US 409974 A US409974 A US 409974A US 40997473 A US40997473 A US 40997473A US 3890975 A US3890975 A US 3890975A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06—Needles ; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06166—Sutures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06—Needles ; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06004—Means for attaching suture to needle
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06—Needles ; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06195—Apparatus or means for preparing the cut end of the suture thread to be attached to the needle, e.g. tipping to prevent brooming
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06—Needles ; Sutures; Needle-suture combinations; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/06004—Means for attaching suture to needle
- A61B2017/06028—Means for attaching suture to needle by means of a cylindrical longitudinal blind bore machined at the suture-receiving end of the needle, e.g. opposite to needle tip
Definitions
- surgeons use a technique which employs a non-needled suture and an eyed needle.
- the needle is threaded by the nurse and the surgeon takes one pass through the tissue using a needleholder. He slips the needle off the suture, returns the needle to the nurse, and is ready for another threaded needle from the nurse.
- An assistant follows behind and ties the suture.
- This approach has one disadvantage in that many surgeons prefer a drilled needle over a channel needle because of the uniform cross-section at the end of the needle and the smooth transition between the needle and the attached suture.
- Needle-suture combinations manufactured in accordance with the present invention are characterized by an average suture pull-out value substantially lower than the minimum average force specified in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia. Moreover, as will be described hereinafter, changes have been made in the manufacturing processes whereby the variation of the pull-out value from the mean is reduced.
- the present invention is directed to needle-suture combinations wherein the suture is of large size, i.e., size 4/0 and larger (diameter greater than 7.0 mils.).
- the average pull-out value of the needle-suture combinations of the present invention is less than that required by the U.S. Pharmacopoeia and the needle may be removed from the suture by a straight pull of 3 to 26 ounces.
- a needlesuture combination characterized by suture pull-out value between 3 ounces and 26 ounces and having a therefore uniform cross-section is manufactured by sizing one end of a braided suture with a resin; inserting the sized end of the suture into a drilled needle or preclosed channel needle and swaging the needle to predetermined dimensions.
- the needle-suture combination produced will have a suture pull-out value between 3 ounces and 26 ounces.
- Another object of this invention is to provide the surgeon with a needle-suture combination that will reduce the time that the surgical patient must spend in the operating room.
- Yet another object of the invention is to provide the surgeon with a needle-suture combination that will permit separation of the needle from the suture after suturing by a slight pull upon the needle.
- the physical dimensions of the needle, the hole in the end of the needle, and the diameter of the suture be uniform.
- the manufacture of surgical needles to precise dimensions has been done for many years, and it is well within the skill of the art to control the diameter of the needle and the size of the drilled hole to 0.0005 inches.
- the suture that must be attached to the needle presents a more difficult problem.
- the diameter may vary with the spinning, drawing, or annealing conditions.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the needle-suture combination of the present invention. The length of the resin-coated end of the suture has been exaggerated for clarity;
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view illustrating separation of the needle from the suture
- FIG. 3 is a front elevation of apparatus useful in winding sutures under tension
- the suture utilized in the present invention may be absorbable, i.e., catgut, extruded collagen, a braided polyhydroxyacetic ester, a synthetic copolymer of L(-) lactide and glycolide; or nonabsorbable, i.e., braided silk, nylon, polypropylene, cotton, linen, or polyester.
- the adhesive that is used to coat the suture while it is retained under tension may be any non-toxic adhesive composition, either organic, inorganic or a hybrid.
- Suitable organic materials are such natural products as starch, dextrin, asphalt, animal and vegetable proteins, natural rubber, shellac; semi-synthetic products such as cellulose nitrate and the other cellulosics, polyamides derived from dimer acids, castor-oil based polyurethanes; such well-known synthetic resins as vinyl-type addition polymers, both resins and elastomers: polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylics, unsaturated polyesters, butadiene/acrylonitrile, butadiene/styrene, neoprene, butyl rubber, polyisobutylene; and polymers formed by condensation and other step-wise mechanisms, i.e., epoxies, polyurethanes, polysulfide rubbers, and the reaction products of formaldeh
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a braided suture strand wound on a reel under tension
- FIG. 5 is a front elevation, partly in section, which illustrates coating the braided suture strand while under tension on the reel with a resin solution;
- FIG. 6 illustrates the reel with the tensioned suture strand in place after the sizing step
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing elements of an apparatus useful in swaging the needle-suture combination of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the anvil of the swaging apparatus illustrated in FIG. 7 with a drilled needle in place;
- FIG. 9 is a fragmentary end view of the anvil shown in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the elements illustrated in FIG. 7 as seen from the left, with a needle and suture in position for swaging. The length of the resin-coated end of the suture is exaggerated for clarity;
- FIG. 1 1 is a vertical sectional view along Line 1 ll l of FIG. 10 showing the swaging apparatus in its closed position;
- FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view along Line l2l2 of FIG. 11;
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of the needle-suture combination, the maximum dimension of the needle being exaggerated to better show the effect of swaging;
- FIG. 14 is a fragmentary perspective view of the needle-suture combination of FIG. 13.
- the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3 is designed to wind a strand of suture material, such as braided silk, on to an open rack under tension. It includes in part, a spindle 10 that supports a spool 11 of braided silk 12. The silk strand from the spool passes over a guide 14 and through a mechanical friction brake 15. The tension applied to the moving strand by the brake 15 may be adjusted by sliding a movable weight 16 along its supporting rod 17.
- the tensioned strand is taken up on a rack 24 which is rotated about its vertical axis 26 by a motor (not shown).
- the rack as it rotates, is mechanically linked with a screw 28 mounted for rotation in a lower bearing 30 and upper bearing 31.
- This screw engages the threads of a nut 32 that is integral with a bracket 34.
- the pitch of the screw and its angular velocity are such as to move the bracket and associated idler pullies 35 and 36 upwardly in the direction of the arrow, thereby winding the tensioned strand evenly upon the rack.
- a cam-actuated dancer roll 38 moves vertically up and down between idler rollers 39 and 40 as indicated by the arrows.
- the dancer roll compensates for any change in the tension that would otherwise occur by reason of variation in the linear acceleration of the suture material as the rack rotates at a constant angular velocity.
- the end is tied to retain the tension and the rack with the braided strand in place is removed from the tensioning apparatus and an adhesive or binder resin is applied (FIGS. 4, 5, and 6).
- the rack 24 is immersed to a depth of about 1.5 inches in a container 42 of resin solution 43 for approximately 5 minutes as shown in FIG. 5 to assure penetration of the binding resin into the interstices of the braid.
- the rack is then removed from the container and air dried at room temperature.
- the extent of the resin coating thus applied to the braided strand is indicated by the dotted Line Z--Z in FIG. 6.
- the resin-coated sutures are then removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and AA of FIG. 6.
- the sutures so obtained have a length slightly less than the width of the rack and are tipped at one end for a distance of about 0.75 inches.
- the resin-coated end 44 of the suture 12 is smaller in diameter than the remainder of the suture.
- the width of the rack 24 is adjusted appropriately and the sutures are removed from the rack by making a single cut along the Line X--X.
- Swaging is accomplished by placing a needle 46 having a drilled hole 47 at the blunt end thereof on an anvil 48 and striking the drilled end of the needle with a hammer 50 to compress the drilled hole.
- the resin-coated end 44 of the suture is inserted into the drilled hole 47 of the needle as best shown in FIG.
- the drilled end of the needle is positioned in a depression 49 on the surface of the anvil; and the assembly is swaged by moving the anvil and hammer together in the direction of the arrows as shown in FIG. 11.
- Stops 51 and 52 on the hammer and anvil respectively limit the motion of the hammer and anvil thereby controlling the clearance Y and the deformation of the needle during the swaging step.
- EXAMPLE I A size 4/0 black braided silk strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 7.8 mils. is wound on a rack 19% inches in width under a tension of 0.6 pounds, using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3. One end of the rack is immersed in a container of Xylol as illustrated in FIG. 5 to remove from the braid any wax that may be present. The rack is removed from the container and the Xylol is permitted to evaporate from the braided silk at room temperature.
- That end of the rack that has been washed with Xylol is then immersed in a container of a resin solution containing 18 per cent by weight of a linear saturated polyester polymer having a molecular weight in the range of 20.00030,000 and characterized by a ring and ball softening point of 158C. (VITEL PE-222 manufactured by Goodyear Chemical Division of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, PO. Box 2008, New Brunswick, NJ. 08903).
- the rack is immersed to a depth of about 1% inches for about 5 minutes.
- the rack is removed from the resin solution and air dried at room temperature for a minimum of Va hour.
- the sutures are then removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and AA.
- the sutures so obtained are approximately 18 inches in length and the resin-coated end measures about 1 inch 1 /2 inch.
- the diameter of the resin-coated end is 7.5 mils. (determined optically).
- a needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting the resin-coated end of this suture into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 22 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 10.4 mils. in diameter.
- the needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 24 mils.
- the height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 11 mils.
- the clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 24.3 mils. by 16.3 mils.
- EXAMPLE II A size 3/0 black braided silk strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 9.9 mils. is wound on a rack 19% inches in width under a tension of 0.9 pounds, using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3. One end of the rack is immersed in a container of Xylol as illustrated in FIG. 5 to remove from the braid any wax that may be present. The rack is removed from the container and the Xylol is permitted to evaporate from the braided silk at room temperature.
- That end of the rack that has been washed with Xylol is then immersed in a container of a resin solution as described in Example I above.
- the rack is removed from the. resin solution and air dried at room temperature for a minimum of 76 hour.
- the sutures are then removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and AA.
- the sutures so obtained are approximately 18 inches in length and the resin-coated end measures about 1 inch i A inch.
- the diameter of the resin-coated end (determined optically) is 9.5 mils.
- a needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting the resin-coated end of this suture into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 24 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 13 mils. in diameter.
- the needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 27 mils.
- the height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 12 mils.
- the clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 27 mils. by 17 mils.
- EXAMPLE III A size 3/0 black braided silk strand was tipped as described in Example 11 above and swaged to a needle characterized by an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end of 13 .mils.
- the needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 42.5 mils.
- the heighth H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 19 mils.
- the clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 1 1 measures 42.5 mils. by 32 mils.
- the needle-suture combinations so obtained are placed in sealed envelopes, eight needle-suture combinations in one envelope. One dozen of these envelopes are packaged in one box. Fifty boxes, or 4,800 needlesuture combinations, are manufactured in one production run. The product is sterilized by Cobalt-60 radiation.
- EXAMPLE IV A size 2/0 black braided silk strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 12.9 mils. is wound on a rack 19% inches in width under a tension of 1.4 pounds, using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. One end of-the rack is immersed in a container of Xylol as illustrated in FIG. 5 to remove fromthe braid any wax that may be present. The rack is removed from the container and the Xylol is permitted to evaporate from the braided silk at room temperature.
- That end of the rack that has been washed with Xylol is then immersed in a container of a resin solution as described in Example I above.
- the rack is removed from the resin solution and air dried at room temperature for a minimum of V2 hour.
- the sutures are than removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and A-A.
- the sutures so obtained are approximately 18 inches in length and the resin-coated end measures about 1 inch i A inch.
- the diameter of the resin-coated end (determined optically) is 12.6 mils.
- a needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting the resin-coated end of this suture into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 26 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 16 mils. in diameter.
- the needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 28.5 mils.
- the height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 13 mils.
- the clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 28 mils. by 18 mils.
- the needle-suture combinations so obtained are placed in sealed envelopes, eight needle-suture combinations in one envelope. One dozen of these envelopes are packaged on one box. Fifty boxes, or 4,800 needlesuture combinations, are manufactured in one production run. The product is sterilized by Cobalt-60 radiation.
- EXAMPLE V A size 2/0 black braided silk strand was tipped as described in Example IV above and swaged to a needle characterized by an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end of 16 mils.
- the needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 42.5 mils.
- the height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 19 mils.
- the clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 42.5 mils. by 32 mils.
- EXAMPLE VI A size 0 black braided silk strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 15.8 mils. is wound on a ack 19% inches in width under a tension of 2 pounds, using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. One end of the rack is immersed in a container of Xylol as illustrated in FIG. 5 to remove from the braid any wax that may be present. The rack is removed from the container and the Xylol is permitted to evaporate from the braided silk at room temperature.
- That end of the rack that has been washed with Xylol is then immersed in a container of a resin solution as described in Example 1 above.
- the rack is removed from the resin solution and air dried at room temperature for a minimum of 1% hour.
- the sutures are then removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and A-A.
- the sutures so obtained are approximately 18 inches in length and the resin-coated end measures about 1 inch 741 inch.
- the diameter of the resin-coated end (determined optically) is 15.6 mils.
- a needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting the resin-coated end of this suture into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 18.7 mils. in diameter.
- the needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 41 mils.
- the height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 19 mils.
- the clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 41 mils. by 32 mils.
- a needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting a nylon monofilament strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 9.8 mils. into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 13 mils. in diameterq-The needle is placed in an anvil that has a Wldth'W (FIG. 9) of 42 mils. The height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in-the anvil is 19 mils. The clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 42 mils. by 32.5 mils.
- the average straight pull-out value for a run of 50 samples is 12.5 ounces.
- the pull-out values vary from a minimum of ounces to a maximum of 17.5 ounces.
- the needle may be separated by a wrist motionsnapping the needle off the end of the suture as best illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the force required to pull the needle from the end of the suture is in the range of from about 3 ounces to about 26 ounces.
- the swaged thickness is the minimum diameter after swaging.
- the swaged dimensions as viewed in FIG. 11 measure 24.3 mils. by 16.3 mils. (swaged thickness 16.3 mils.).
- the minimum clearance is the minimum dimension of the opening that remains within the needle hole following swaging and is obtained by subtracting the wall thickness from the swaged thickness.
- the compression i.e., the percent compression of the suture from its original diameter is obtained by dividing the minimum clearance by the original suture diameter.
- a needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting a size 3/0 polypropylene monofilament strand having a diameter (determined optically) of 9.7 mils. into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7.
- the needle has an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 13 mils. in diameter.
- the needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 42 mils.
- the height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 19 mils.
- the clearance Y is so adjusted that-the crosssection of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 42 mils. by 32.4 mils.
- the average straight pull-out value for a run of 53 samples is l 1.2 ounces.
- the pull-out values vary from a minimum of 4.5 ounces to a maximum of 18.5
- needle-suture combinations made in accordance with the foregoing examples may have an average straight pull-out value as low as 9.35 ounces and as high as 14.7 ounces. Such products are acceptable to the surgeon as a controlled release suture.
- the needle-suture combinations of the present invention may be used by the surgeon employing conven- The patent examples, therefore, demonstrate that compression of the resin-coated end of the suture within the drilled needle hole to from about 62 per cent to about per cent of its original diameter results in a pull-out value of from about 3 to about 26 ounces.
- the term compressed to from about 62 per cent to about 75 per cent of its original diameter shall mean that the minimum clearance divided by the original diameter of the resin-coated end of the suture is within the range of about 0.62 to 0.75.
- a needle-suture combination comprising a needle having a sharp end and a blunt end and having an opening in said blunt end; and a suture one end of which is coated with a resin and of smaller diameter than the remainder of the suture, said resin-coated end being received within said opening with the remainder of said suture extending outwardly of said blunt end, said blunt end of said needle being swaged to the extent that the resin-coated end of said suture is compressed to from about 62% to about 75% of its original diameter and said needle-suture combination is characterized by a suture pull-out value of from about 3 to about 26 ounces.
- suture is a braid of a meterial selected from the group consisting of silk, polyester, and nylon.
- a needle-suture combination of claim 9 wherein the needle is selected from the group consisting of a curved'needle, a straight needle, a cutting edge needle,
Abstract
A needle-suture combination is provided which has a suture pullout value between 3 ounces and 26 ounces. The suture, one end of which is sized with a resin and smaller in diameter than the rest of the suture, is manufactured by placing the suture under tension, immersing a small section of the suture in a liquid resin solution, and drying to remove the solvent. The tension is then relaxed and the sized end of the suture inserted into a needle which is swaged to predetermined dimensions.
Description
Q Umted States Patent 11 1 1111 3,890,975 McGregor June 24, 1975 [54] CONTROLLED RELEASE SUTURE 2,620,028 12/1952 Kohut 128/339 X 3,736,646 6/1973 Schmitt et al 128/339 X Inventor: Walter McGregol" Somerset, 3,799,169 3/1974 Beroff et al 128/339 [73] Assignee: Ethicon,lnc., Somerville, NJ. Primary Examiner-Dalton L. Truluck [22] Flled' 1973 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Wayne R. Eberhardt; [21] App]. No.: 409,974 Robert W. Kell Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 258.159, May 31, [57] P T F 972 abandoned A needle-suture combmatlon is provided WhlCh has a suture pull-out value between 3 ounces and 26 52 US. Cl 128/339; 163/1 Ounces. The suture, one n f hi h i ized with a 511 Int. Cl A6lb 17/06 resin and smaller in diameter h n he r st of the su- [58] Field of Search 1223/3355, 339, 340; ture, is manufactured y Placing the Suture under 163/1 5; 223/102; 29 517 sion, immersing a small section of the suture in a liquid resin solution, and drying to remove the solvent. 5 References Cited The tension is then relaxed and the sized end of the UNITED STATES PATENTS suture inserted into a needle which is swaged to predetermined dimensions. 2,014.170 9/1935 Everett 128/339 2,411,079 11/1946 Baule 128/339 13 Claims, 14 Drawing Figures EBQQSYS SHEET PATENTEI] J UN 2 4 I975 CONTROLLED RELEASE SUTURE This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending US. application Ser. No. 258,159, filed May 31, 1972, now abandoned.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In many surgical procedures, surgeons use a technique which employs a non-needled suture and an eyed needle. The needle is threaded by the nurse and the surgeon takes one pass through the tissue using a needleholder. He slips the needle off the suture, returns the needle to the nurse, and is ready for another threaded needle from the nurse. An assistant follows behind and ties the suture.
Surgeons find that this technique is more simple than using a needled item and cutting the suture with a scissors after each pass. However, the time required for threading results in a significant waste of expensive operating room time.
The security of attachment of eyeless needles to absorbable surgical sutures or to nonabsorbable surgical sutures is prescribed in the US. Pharmacopoeia, Vol. XVIII at Page 944 (also see U.S. Pharmacopoeia, Vol. XVII, Page 919). It has been the practice of suture manufacturers in the United States and abroad to securely attach the suture to the needle by swaging or with an adhesive so that the minimum pull-out standard recited in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia is met or exceeded. The conversion of the US. Pharmacopoeia minimum standard on needle attachment from kilograms to ounces is summarized in the following table.
MINIMUM LIMITS ON NEEDLE ATTACHMENT It will be noted from the above table that separation of the suture from the needle is relatively easy if the suture is size 5/0 or smaller since the average force required is less than 8 ounces. On the other hand, the minimal average force required to separate a size 4/0 suture (diameter 7.0 mils. to 9.5 mils.) from the needle is at least about 16 ounces and because needles are swaged to make quite certain that the minimum U.S. Pharmacopoeia standards are met, many individual samples require forces in excess of 2 pounds to detach the needle from the suture.
There is a need for a needle-suture combination that has the convenience of the needle being preattached to the suture and yet permits separation of the needle from the suture without the necessity of cutting with a scissors.
One approach to this problem is described in copending application Ser. No. 252,176, filed May 11, 1972 now US. Pat. No. 3,799,169 issued Mar. 26, 1974. This approach involves manufacturing the needle with an open channel at the blunt end thereof sized to receive a suture. The suture is bonded to the channel with an adhesive that prevents pull-out of the suture as it passes through tissue. After suturing, the surgeon may easily remove the needle from the suture by turning the needle so that the channel is at an angle of about to the direction of the suture and peeling the suture out of the channel.
This approach has one disadvantage in that many surgeons prefer a drilled needle over a channel needle because of the uniform cross-section at the end of the needle and the smooth transition between the needle and the attached suture.
Needle-suture combinations manufactured in accordance with the present invention are characterized by an average suture pull-out value substantially lower than the minimum average force specified in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia. Moreover, as will be described hereinafter, changes have been made in the manufacturing processes whereby the variation of the pull-out value from the mean is reduced.
It is an advantage of the product of the present invention, therefore, that the surgeon may readily remove the needle from the suture by exerting a force of 3 to 26 ounces and thereby save the time previously required to cut the suture.
The present invention is directed to needle-suture combinations wherein the suture is of large size, i.e., size 4/0 and larger (diameter greater than 7.0 mils.). The average pull-out value of the needle-suture combinations of the present invention is less than that required by the U.S. Pharmacopoeia and the needle may be removed from the suture by a straight pull of 3 to 26 ounces.
In accordance with the present invention, a needlesuture combination characterized by suture pull-out value between 3 ounces and 26 ounces and having a therefore uniform cross-section is manufactured by sizing one end of a braided suture with a resin; inserting the sized end of the suture into a drilled needle or preclosed channel needle and swaging the needle to predetermined dimensions. By proper control of the diameter of that end of the suture which is placed in the needle, the diameter of the needle hole and the swaging process, the needle-suture combination produced will have a suture pull-out value between 3 ounces and 26 ounces. It has been noted that if the bond between the needle and its attached suture is sufficient to withstand a pull of 3 ounces, the suture will not separate from the needle as a surgeon passes the needle through tissue. Yet, the needle can easily be removed from the suture at any time by simply pulling on the needle with a force of about 26 ounces.
It is an object of the present invention, therefore, to make available to the surgeon a needle-suture combination useful in suturing, and characterized by a needle-suture attachment that will permit facile removal of the needle from the suture without cutting the suture with a scissors.
Another object of this invention is to provide the surgeon with a needle-suture combination that will reduce the time that the surgical patient must spend in the operating room.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide the surgeon with a needle-suture combination that will permit separation of the needle from the suture after suturing by a slight pull upon the needle.
To achieve a controlled pull-out value of a needlesuture combination that is no less than about 3 ounces nor more than about 26 ounces, it is important that the physical dimensions of the needle, the hole in the end of the needle, and the diameter of the suture be uniform. The manufacture of surgical needles to precise dimensions has been done for many years, and it is well within the skill of the art to control the diameter of the needle and the size of the drilled hole to 0.0005 inches. The suture that must be attached to the needle, however, presents a more difficult problem. In the case of a synthetic monofilament suture, for example, the diameter may vary with the spinning, drawing, or annealing conditions. Braided sutures and covered sutures present a more difficult problem as the construction of the braid and adjustment of the braider compound any variability that may be present in the yarn. Moreover, the end of a braided or covered suture has a characteristic not found in monofilament sutures in that it will broom" or open upon cutting. Since it is this cut end of a braided suture that is inserted into the drilled needle hole, it is necessary to hold the diameter of the suture end to within tolerances similar to that for the drilled needle hole to assure a pull-out force within a narrowly-defined range. In accordance with the present invention, the diameter of a braided suture may be carefully controlled by winding the braided FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the needle-suture combination of the present invention. The length of the resin-coated end of the suture has been exaggerated for clarity;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view illustrating separation of the needle from the suture;
FIG. 3 is a front elevation of apparatus useful in winding sutures under tension;
strand on a rack under tension and immersing that sec tion of the suture strand which is to be cut for insertion into the needle in an adhesive or bonding resin while maintaining the strand under tension. The rack is then removed from the resin solution and air dried. The dried adhesive composition which coats and impregnates the braided suture stabilizes the diameter to that achieved under tension. The binding resin or adhesive prevents brooming when the suture is cut and the diameter of the suture does not change even after the tension is relaxed.
The suture utilized in the present invention may be absorbable, i.e., catgut, extruded collagen, a braided polyhydroxyacetic ester, a synthetic copolymer of L(-) lactide and glycolide; or nonabsorbable, i.e., braided silk, nylon, polypropylene, cotton, linen, or polyester.
The adhesive that is used to coat the suture while it is retained under tension may be any non-toxic adhesive composition, either organic, inorganic or a hybrid. Suitable organic materials are such natural products as starch, dextrin, asphalt, animal and vegetable proteins, natural rubber, shellac; semi-synthetic products such as cellulose nitrate and the other cellulosics, polyamides derived from dimer acids, castor-oil based polyurethanes; such well-known synthetic resins as vinyl-type addition polymers, both resins and elastomers: polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylics, unsaturated polyesters, butadiene/acrylonitrile, butadiene/styrene, neoprene, butyl rubber, polyisobutylene; and polymers formed by condensation and other step-wise mechanisms, i.e., epoxies, polyurethanes, polysulfide rubbers, and the reaction products of formaldehyde with phenol, resorcinol, urea, and melamine. Particularly preferred as bonding compositions are the epoxide resins and polyester resins.
The invention will become more readily apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a braided suture strand wound on a reel under tension;
FIG. 5 is a front elevation, partly in section, which illustrates coating the braided suture strand while under tension on the reel with a resin solution;
FIG. 6 illustrates the reel with the tensioned suture strand in place after the sizing step;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing elements of an apparatus useful in swaging the needle-suture combination of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the anvil of the swaging apparatus illustrated in FIG. 7 with a drilled needle in place;
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary end view of the anvil shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the elements illustrated in FIG. 7 as seen from the left, with a needle and suture in position for swaging. The length of the resin-coated end of the suture is exaggerated for clarity;
FIG. 1 1 is a vertical sectional view along Line 1 ll l of FIG. 10 showing the swaging apparatus in its closed position;
FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view along Line l2l2 of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of the needle-suture combination, the maximum dimension of the needle being exaggerated to better show the effect of swaging; and
FIG. 14 is a fragmentary perspective view of the needle-suture combination of FIG. 13.
The apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3 is designed to wind a strand of suture material, such as braided silk, on to an open rack under tension. It includes in part, a spindle 10 that supports a spool 11 of braided silk 12. The silk strand from the spool passes over a guide 14 and through a mechanical friction brake 15. The tension applied to the moving strand by the brake 15 may be adjusted by sliding a movable weight 16 along its supporting rod 17.
From the mechanical brake 15, small size strands (size 3/0 and smaller) pass directly to the tensiometer as indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 1. Sutures that are larger in diameter than size 3/0 (size 2/0 and larger) pass from the mechanical brake 15 around the rollers of a magnetic brake 18 which may be adjusted to increase or decrease the tension applied to the moving strand by means of a rheostat 20. The tension applied to the moving strand is monitored by a tensiometer 22.
The tensioned strand is taken up on a rack 24 which is rotated about its vertical axis 26 by a motor (not shown). The rack as it rotates, is mechanically linked with a screw 28 mounted for rotation in a lower bearing 30 and upper bearing 31. This screw engages the threads of a nut 32 that is integral with a bracket 34. The pitch of the screw and its angular velocity are such as to move the bracket and associated idler pullies 35 and 36 upwardly in the direction of the arrow, thereby winding the tensioned strand evenly upon the rack.
To complete the description of the tensioning apparatus, a cam-actuated dancer roll 38 moves vertically up and down between idler rollers 39 and 40 as indicated by the arrows. The dancer roll compensates for any change in the tension that would otherwise occur by reason of variation in the linear acceleration of the suture material as the rack rotates at a constant angular velocity.
After the braided strand has been wound evenly on the rack, the end is tied to retain the tension and the rack with the braided strand in place is removed from the tensioning apparatus and an adhesive or binder resin is applied (FIGS. 4, 5, and 6). The rack 24 is immersed to a depth of about 1.5 inches in a container 42 of resin solution 43 for approximately 5 minutes as shown in FIG. 5 to assure penetration of the binding resin into the interstices of the braid. The rack is then removed from the container and air dried at room temperature. The extent of the resin coating thus applied to the braided strand is indicated by the dotted Line Z--Z in FIG. 6.
The resin-coated sutures are then removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and AA of FIG. 6. The sutures so obtained have a length slightly less than the width of the rack and are tipped at one end for a distance of about 0.75 inches. As best shown in FIG. 10, the resin-coated end 44 of the suture 12 is smaller in diameter than the remainder of the suture.
If it is desired to manufacture a double-armed suture, i.e., a suture having a needle attached to both ends, the width of the rack 24 is adjusted appropriately and the sutures are removed from the rack by making a single cut along the Line X--X.
The swaging of the resin-coated end 44 of a suture into a drilled needle will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 through 14. Swaging is accomplished by placing a needle 46 having a drilled hole 47 at the blunt end thereof on an anvil 48 and striking the drilled end of the needle with a hammer 50 to compress the drilled hole.
In practice, the resin-coated end 44 of the suture is inserted into the drilled hole 47 of the needle as best shown in FIG. the drilled end of the needle is positioned in a depression 49 on the surface of the anvil; and the assembly is swaged by moving the anvil and hammer together in the direction of the arrows as shown in FIG. 11. Stops 51 and 52 on the hammer and anvil respectively limit the motion of the hammer and anvil thereby controlling the clearance Y and the deformation of the needle during the swaging step. The following examples will serve to illustrate the invention.
EXAMPLE I A size 4/0 black braided silk strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 7.8 mils. is wound on a rack 19% inches in width under a tension of 0.6 pounds, using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3. One end of the rack is immersed in a container of Xylol as illustrated in FIG. 5 to remove from the braid any wax that may be present. The rack is removed from the container and the Xylol is permitted to evaporate from the braided silk at room temperature.
That end of the rack that has been washed with Xylol is then immersed in a container of a resin solution containing 18 per cent by weight of a linear saturated polyester polymer having a molecular weight in the range of 20.00030,000 and characterized by a ring and ball softening point of 158C. (VITEL PE-222 manufactured by Goodyear Chemical Division of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, PO. Box 2008, New Brunswick, NJ. 08903). The rack is immersed to a depth of about 1% inches for about 5 minutes.
The rack is removed from the resin solution and air dried at room temperature for a minimum of Va hour. The sutures are then removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and AA. The sutures so obtained are approximately 18 inches in length and the resin-coated end measures about 1 inch 1 /2 inch. The diameter of the resin-coated end is 7.5 mils. (determined optically).
A needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting the resin-coated end of this suture into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 22 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 10.4 mils. in diameter. The needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 24 mils. The height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 11 mils. The clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 24.3 mils. by 16.3 mils.
During the manufacturing process, every twenty-fifth needle-suture combination is pulled and the force required to separate the needle from the suture recorded. The average straight pull-out value for this production run (Batch FA-O744) is 12.34 ounces. The pull-out values vary from a minimum of 4 ounces to a maximum of 26 ounces.
EXAMPLE II A size 3/0 black braided silk strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 9.9 mils. is wound on a rack 19% inches in width under a tension of 0.9 pounds, using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3. One end of the rack is immersed in a container of Xylol as illustrated in FIG. 5 to remove from the braid any wax that may be present. The rack is removed from the container and the Xylol is permitted to evaporate from the braided silk at room temperature.
That end of the rack that has been washed with Xylol is then immersed in a container of a resin solution as described in Example I above.
The rack is removed from the. resin solution and air dried at room temperature for a minimum of 76 hour. The sutures are then removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and AA. The sutures so obtained are approximately 18 inches in length and the resin-coated end measures about 1 inch i A inch. The diameter of the resin-coated end (determined optically) is 9.5 mils.
A needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting the resin-coated end of this suture into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 24 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 13 mils. in diameter. The needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 27 mils. The height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 12 mils. The clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 27 mils. by 17 mils.
During the manufacturing process, every twenty-fifth needle-suture combination is pulled and the force required to separate the needle from the suture recorded. The average straight pull-out value for this production run (Batch FA-0428) is 12.42 ounces. The pull-out values vary from a minimum of 4 ounces to a maximum of 26 ounces.
EXAMPLE III A size 3/0 black braided silk strand was tipped as described in Example 11 above and swaged to a needle characterized by an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end of 13 .mils. The needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 42.5 mils. The heighth H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 19 mils. The clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 1 1 measures 42.5 mils. by 32 mils.
The needle-suture combinations so obtained are placed in sealed envelopes, eight needle-suture combinations in one envelope. One dozen of these envelopes are packaged in one box. Fifty boxes, or 4,800 needlesuture combinations, are manufactured in one production run. The product is sterilized by Cobalt-60 radiation.
Sixty needle-suture samples randomly selected from this production batch of 4,800 needle-suture combinations (Batch FA-0175) are tested by pulling to separate the needle from the suture and the force required is recorded. The average straight pull-out value for this product run is 10.64 ounces. The pull-out values vary from a minimum of 4 ounces to a maximum of 21 ounces.
EXAMPLE IV A size 2/0 black braided silk strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 12.9 mils. is wound on a rack 19% inches in width under a tension of 1.4 pounds, using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. One end of-the rack is immersed in a container of Xylol as illustrated in FIG. 5 to remove fromthe braid any wax that may be present. The rack is removed from the container and the Xylol is permitted to evaporate from the braided silk at room temperature.
That end of the rack that has been washed with Xylol is then immersed in a container of a resin solution as described in Example I above.
The rack is removed from the resin solution and air dried at room temperature for a minimum of V2 hour. The sutures are than removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and A-A. The sutures so obtained are approximately 18 inches in length and the resin-coated end measures about 1 inch i A inch. The diameter of the resin-coated end (determined optically) is 12.6 mils.
A needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting the resin-coated end of this suture into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 26 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 16 mils. in diameter. The needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 28.5 mils. The height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 13 mils. The clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 28 mils. by 18 mils.
The needle-suture combinations so obtained are placed in sealed envelopes, eight needle-suture combinations in one envelope. One dozen of these envelopes are packaged on one box. Fifty boxes, or 4,800 needlesuture combinations, are manufactured in one production run. The product is sterilized by Cobalt-60 radiation.
Sixty needle-suture samples randomly selected from this production batch of 4,800 needle-suture combinations (Batch FA-O048 )are tested by pulling to separate the needle from the suture and the force required is recorded. The average straight pull-out value for this production run is 13.72 ounces. The pull-out values vary from a minimum of 3 ounces to a maximum of 21.5
ounces.
During the manufacturing process, every twenty-fifth needle-suture combination is pulled and the force required to separate the needle from the suture recorded. The average straight pull-out value for this product run (Batch FA-0139) is 11.93 ounces. The pull-out values vary from a minimum of 5 ounces to a maximum of 25 ounces.
EXAMPLE VI A size 0 black braided silk strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 15.8 mils. is wound on a ack 19% inches in width under a tension of 2 pounds, using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1. One end of the rack is immersed in a container of Xylol as illustrated in FIG. 5 to remove from the braid any wax that may be present. The rack is removed from the container and the Xylol is permitted to evaporate from the braided silk at room temperature.
That end of the rack that has been washed with Xylol is then immersed in a container of a resin solution as described in Example 1 above.
The rack is removed from the resin solution and air dried at room temperature for a minimum of 1% hour. The sutures are then removed from the rack by cutting along the Lines XX and A-A. The sutures so obtained are approximately 18 inches in length and the resin-coated end measures about 1 inch 741 inch. The diameter of the resin-coated end (determined optically) is 15.6 mils.
A needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting the resin-coated end of this suture into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 18.7 mils. in diameter. The needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 41 mils. The height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 19 mils. The clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 41 mils. by 32 mils.
The needle-suture combinations so obtained are placed in sealed envelopes, eight needle-suture combinations in one envelope. One dozen of these envelopes are packaged in one box. Fifty boxes, or 4,800 needlesuture combinations, are manufactured in one produc- EXAMPLE VII A needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting a nylon monofilament strand characterized by a diameter (determined optically) of 9.8 mils. into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7 characterized by an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 13 mils. in diameterq-The needle is placed in an anvil that has a Wldth'W (FIG. 9) of 42 mils. The height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in-the anvil is 19 mils. The clearance Y is so adjusted that the cross-section of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 42 mils. by 32.5 mils.
The average straight pull-out value for a run of 50 samples is 12.5 ounces. The pull-out values vary from a minimum of ounces to a maximum of 17.5 ounces.
tional suturing technique as illustrated in F IG. 1. After the suture has been-placed, the needle may be separated by a wrist motionsnapping the needle off the end of the suture as best illustrated in FIG. 2. The force required to pull the needle from the end of the suture is in the range of from about 3 ounces to about 26 ounces.
The extent to which a suture is compressed during swaging may be calculated from the information given in the patent examples.
Referring now to FIGS. 8, 11, and 13, it will be apparent that thickness of the wall enclosing the needle hole is obtained by subtracting the diameter of the drill hole 47 from the wire diameter 46. The swaged thickness is the minimum diameter after swaging. In Example I, the swaged dimensions as viewed in FIG. 11 measure 24.3 mils. by 16.3 mils. (swaged thickness 16.3 mils.). The minimum clearance is the minimum dimension of the opening that remains within the needle hole following swaging and is obtained by subtracting the wall thickness from the swaged thickness. The compression, i.e., the percent compression of the suture from its original diameter is obtained by dividing the minimum clearance by the original suture diameter. These factors which determine the percent compression of the suture within the needle hole upon swaging are summarized in the following table:
EXAMPLE 1 11 111 IV V VI VII VIII Wire Diameter 22 24 39 26 39 39 39 39 Drill Hole 10.4 13 13 l6 16 18.7 13 13 Wall Thickness 1 1.6 l l 26 10 23 20.3 26 26 Swaged Thickness 16.3 17 32 I8 32 32 32.5 32.4 Minimum Clearance 4.7 6 6 8 9 11.7 6.5 6.4 Suture Diameter 7.5 9.5 9.5 12.6 12.6 15.6 9.8 9.7 Percent Compression 62 63 63 63 71 75 66 66 The average straight pull-out value for a second run of samples is 12.9 ounces. The pull-out value of this second run varied from a minimum of 6.5 ounces to a maximum of 17.5 ounces.
EXAMPLE VIII A needle-suture combination having a pull-out value between 3 and 26 ounces is manufactured by inserting a size 3/0 polypropylene monofilament strand having a diameter (determined optically) of 9.7 mils. into a needle of the type illustrated in FIG. 7. The needle has an outside diameter of 39 mils. and a drilled hole in the blunt end 13 mils. in diameter. The needle is placed in an anvil that has a width W (FIG. 9) of 42 mils. The height H (FIG. 9) of the depression in the anvil is 19 mils. The clearance Y is so adjusted that-the crosssection of the swaged needle as viewed in FIG. 11 measures 42 mils. by 32.4 mils.
The average straight pull-out value for a run of 53 samples is l 1.2 ounces. The pull-out values vary from a minimum of 4.5 ounces to a maximum of 18.5
ounces.
Depending upon the stage of manufacture (before or after sterilization) needle-suture combinations made in accordance with the foregoing examples may have an average straight pull-out value as low as 9.35 ounces and as high as 14.7 ounces. Such products are acceptable to the surgeon as a controlled release suture.
The needle-suture combinations of the present invention may be used by the surgeon employing conven- The patent examples, therefore, demonstrate that compression of the resin-coated end of the suture within the drilled needle hole to from about 62 per cent to about per cent of its original diameter results in a pull-out value of from about 3 to about 26 ounces.
In the appended claims, the term compressed to from about 62 per cent to about 75 per cent of its original diameter shall mean that the minimum clearance divided by the original diameter of the resin-coated end of the suture is within the range of about 0.62 to 0.75.
As many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments thereof except as defined in the following claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A needle-suture combination comprising a needle having a sharp end and a blunt end and having an opening in said blunt end; and a suture one end of which is coated with a resin and of smaller diameter than the remainder of the suture, said resin-coated end being received within said opening with the remainder of said suture extending outwardly of said blunt end, said blunt end of said needle being swaged to the extent that the resin-coated end of said suture is compressed to from about 62% to about 75% of its original diameter and said needle-suture combination is characterized by a suture pull-out value of from about 3 to about 26 ounces.
2. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the opening in the blunt end of said needle is a drilled hole.
3. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the opening in the blunt endof said needle is apreclosed channel.
4. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the suture is a braid of a meterial selected from the group consisting of silk, polyester, and nylon.
5. A needle-suture combination of claim 4 wherein the suture is a polyester selected from the group conhaving a sharp end and a blunt end and having an opening in said blunt end, and a monofilament suture of a size at least 5/0 one end of which is received within said opening with the remainder extending outwardly of said blunt end, said blunt end being swaged to the extent that the received end of said suture is compressed to from about 62% to about ofits original diameter and said needle-suture combination is characterized by a suture pull-out value of from about 3 to about 26 ounces. I
10. A needle-suture combination of claim 9 wherein the opening in the blunt end of said needle is a drilled hole.
11. A needle-suture combination of claim 9 wherein the opening in the blunt end of said needle is a preclosed channel.
13. a needle-suture combination of claim 9 wherein the needle is selected from the group consisting of a curved'needle, a straight needle, a cutting edge needle,
and a taper point needle.
UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Q PATENT NO. I 3,890,975
DATED June 21 1 75 INV ENTOR(S) Walter McGregor it is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
In Column 2, line 38, "having 8. therefore" should read having a. substantially O In Column 6, line 1o, "1 inch i 1/2 inch" should read 1 inch l/ r innh In Column 11,- line 8, Claim t, "meterial" should read material Signed and Scaled this tenth Day of February 1976 [SEAL] Attest:
RUTH C. MASON C. MARSHALL DANN Arresting Officer Commissioner oj'latents and Trademarks
Claims (13)
1. A needle-suture combination comprising a needle having a sharp end and a blunt end and having an opening in said blunt end; and a suture one end of which is coated with a resin and of smaller diameter than the remainder of the suture, said resincoated end being received within said opening with the remainder of said suture extending outwardly of said blunt end, said blunt end of said needle being swaged to the extent that the resincoated end of said suture is compressed to from about 62% to about 75% of its original diameter and said needle-suture combination is characterized by a suture pull-out value of from about 3 to about 26 ounces.
2. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the opening in the blunt end of said needle is a drilled hole.
3. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the opening in the blunt end of said needle is a preclosed channel.
4. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the suture is a braid of a meterial selected from the group consisting of silk, polyester, and nylon.
5. A needle-suture combination of claim 4 wherein the suture is a polyester selected from the group consisting of polyhydroxyacetic ester and a copolymer of glycolide and L(-)lactide.
6. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the suture is covered silk.
7. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the resin is selected from the group consisting of polyester resins and epoxy resins.
8. A needle-suture combination of claim 1 wherein the needle is selected from the group consisting of a curved needle, a straight needle, a cutting edge needle, and a taper point needle.
9. A needle-suture combination comprising a needle having a sharp end and a blunt end and having an opening in said blunt end, and a monofilament suture of a size at least 5/0 one end of which is received within said opening with the remainder extending outwardly of said blunt end, said blunt end being swaged to the extent that the received end of said suture is compressed to from about 62% to about 75% of its original diameter and said needle-suture combination is characterized by a suture pull-out value of from about 3 to about 26 ounces.
10. A needle-suture combination of claim 9 wherein the opening in the blunt end of said needle is a drilled hole.
11. A needle-suture combination of claim 9 wherein the opening in the blunt end of said needle is a preclosed channel.
12. A needle-suture combination of claim 9 wherein the suture composition is selected from the group consisting of nylon and polypropylene.
13. a needle-suture combination of claim 9 wherein the needle is selected from the group consisting of a curved needle, a straight needle, a cutting edge needle, and a taper point needle.
Priority Applications (30)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TR17343A TR17343A (en) | 1972-05-31 | 1973-05-17 | SUETUER THAT CAN BE RELEASED BY CONTROL |
CA172,925A CA1026183A (en) | 1972-05-31 | 1973-05-30 | Control release suture |
US409974A US3890975A (en) | 1972-05-31 | 1973-10-26 | Controlled release suture |
AR256096A AR206516A1 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-01-01 | A COMBINATION OF SUTURE NEEDLE |
GB1523375A GB1448544A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-02-28 | Control release suture |
GB909874A GB1448543A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-02-28 | Suture package |
DE2420512A DE2420512C2 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-04-27 | Surgical needle and thread unit |
AU73824/74A AU487416B2 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-09-30 | Control release suture |
CH1348374A CH586035A5 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-08 | |
CH563876A CH588275A5 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-08 | |
FR7434326A FR2248817B2 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-11 | |
NO743709A NO743709L (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-15 | |
BE149736A BE821309R (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-21 | SUTURING THREAD DETACHING REGULARLY FROM ITS NEEDLE |
ES431206A ES431206A2 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-21 | Suture package |
US05/516,549 US3980177A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-21 | Controlled release suture |
NL7413879A NL7413879A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-23 | NEEDLE-THREAD COMBINATION. |
CA212,201A CA1059857A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-24 | Controlled release suture |
IT53725/74A IT1059694B (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-24 | NEEDLE SUTURE THREAD COMBINATION |
SE7413464A SE7413464L (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-25 | |
BR8938/74A BR7408938D0 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-25 | COMBINATION THROUGH NEEDLE-SUTURE DEFORMATION AND PACKAGING UNDERSTANDING A PLURALITY OF COMBINATIONS |
ZA00746792A ZA746792B (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-25 | Controlled release suture |
JP49122633A JPS5073480A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-25 | |
IE2200/74A IE40443B1 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-25 | Suture package |
IE215/77A IE40444B1 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-25 | Control release suture |
FI3125/74A FI312574A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-25 | |
SU7402116233A SU566506A3 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-25 | Antitraumatic suturing needle |
PL1974175147A PL98127B3 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-26 | NEEDLE AND SURGICAL THREADS TEAM |
DK562074A DK562074A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-28 | |
ES450065A ES450065A2 (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1976-07-16 | Suture package |
PH19733A PH13499A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1977-05-04 | Controlled release suture |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US25815972A | 1972-05-31 | 1972-05-31 | |
US409974A US3890975A (en) | 1972-05-31 | 1973-10-26 | Controlled release suture |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US25815972A Continuation-In-Part | 1972-05-31 | 1972-05-31 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/516,549 Division US3980177A (en) | 1973-10-26 | 1974-10-21 | Controlled release suture |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3890975A true US3890975A (en) | 1975-06-24 |
Family
ID=26946457
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US409974A Expired - Lifetime US3890975A (en) | 1972-05-31 | 1973-10-26 | Controlled release suture |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3890975A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1026183A (en) |
TR (1) | TR17343A (en) |
Cited By (82)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4054144A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1977-10-18 | American Cyanamid Company | Short-crimp surgical needle |
DE2657054A1 (en) * | 1976-06-28 | 1978-01-05 | Ethicon Inc | CONNECTED NEEDLE SEAM MATERIAL COMBINATION WITH CONTROLLED SEPARABILITY |
US4630617A (en) * | 1980-10-09 | 1986-12-23 | American Cyanamid Company | Heart pacer lead wire with pull-away needle |
US4832025A (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-05-23 | American Cyanamid Company | Thermoplastic surgical suture with a melt fused length |
US5007922A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-04-16 | Ethicon, Inc. | Method of making a surgical suture |
US5041128A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-08-20 | United States Sirgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-suture device possessing an integrated suture cut-off feature |
US5046350A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-09-10 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5051107A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-09-24 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5059212A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-10-22 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled separation of the needle from the suture |
US5067959A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-11-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachement for controlled suture release |
US5084063A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-01-28 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment |
US5089011A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-02-18 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-suture device possessing an integrated suture cut-off feature |
US5089010A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-02-18 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment possessing weakened suture segment for controlled suture release |
US5099676A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1992-03-31 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5102418A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-04-07 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method for attaching a surgical needle to a suture |
US5116358A (en) * | 1990-07-23 | 1992-05-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-suture device possessing a controlled suture separation feature |
US5123911A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-06-23 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method for attaching a surgical needle to a suture |
US5131131A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1992-07-21 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method for attaching surgical suture components |
US5133738A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-07-28 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-spiroid braided suture device |
US5139514A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-08-18 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined needle-suture device |
US5156615A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-10-20 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5168619A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1992-12-08 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method for attaching surgical suture components |
US5201760A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1993-04-13 | American Cyanamid Company | Surgical needle-suture combination and apparatus and method for attaching the same |
US5207701A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1993-05-04 | American Cyanamid Company | Surgical needle-suture combination, and apparatus and method for attaching the same |
US5224955A (en) * | 1991-08-15 | 1993-07-06 | American Cyanamid Company | Surgical needle-suture combination and apparatus and method for attaching the same |
US5226912A (en) * | 1987-08-26 | 1993-07-13 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-braided suture device |
US5259845A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1993-11-09 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment with a lubricated suture tip for controlled suture release |
US5269808A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1993-12-14 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for tipping sutures |
US5269783A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1993-12-14 | United States Surgical Corporation | Device and method for repairing torn tissue |
US5280674A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1994-01-25 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching a surgical needle to a suture |
US5306288A (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1994-04-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-suture device |
US5350373A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-09-27 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5358498A (en) * | 1990-02-01 | 1994-10-25 | Deknatel Technology Corporation, Inc. | Needled suture |
US5374278A (en) * | 1989-11-14 | 1994-12-20 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for heat tipping sutures |
US5383902A (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1995-01-24 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5394726A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1995-03-07 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus and method for positioning and pressing curved surgical needles |
US5394971A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1995-03-07 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5403345A (en) * | 1993-10-12 | 1995-04-04 | United States Surgical Corporation | Needle suture attachment |
US5507777A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1996-04-16 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for treating a portion of a suture and forming a suture tip for attachment to a needle |
US5507798A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 1996-04-16 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5540778A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-07-30 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for tipping, cutting, and sorting sutures |
US5643628A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1997-07-01 | United States Surgical Corporation | Suture tipping apparatus and method |
US5643319A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1997-07-01 | United States Surgical Corporation | Device for applying a meniscal staple |
US5707391A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-01-13 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus and method for attaching surgical needle suture components |
US5722991A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-03-03 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus and method for attaching surgical needle suture components |
US5726422A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1998-03-10 | Ethicon, Inc. | Apparatus with moving clamp for making surgical sutures, and method for using same |
US5728135A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1998-03-17 | Ethicon, Inc. | Stiffened suture for use in a suturing device |
US5792181A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1998-08-11 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical suture having a thermally formed tip, and apparatus and method for making same |
US5813303A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1998-09-29 | Ethicon, Inc. | Apparatus for cutting a surgical suture at two locations |
US5855156A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1999-01-05 | Ethicon, Inc. | Apparatus for cutting a surgical suture tip |
US5891166A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1999-04-06 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical suture having an ultrasonically formed tip, and apparatus and method for making same |
US5975876A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1999-11-02 | Ethicon, Inc. | Combined apparatus for heating and cutting a surgical suture tip |
US6001121A (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 1999-12-14 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical suture having a thermally formed tip, and apparatus and method for making same |
US6031018A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 2000-02-29 | Ethicon, Inc. | Solventless tipping of braided surgical ligature |
US6035751A (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2000-03-14 | Ethicon, Inc. | Method for cutting a surgical suture at two locations |
US6126676A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 2000-10-03 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical tipping apparatus |
US6478809B1 (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2002-11-12 | Gregory R. Brotz | Suture and method of use |
US6666872B2 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2003-12-23 | United States Surgical | Single shot meniscal repair device |
US6723107B1 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 2004-04-20 | Orthopaedic Biosystems Ltd. | Method and apparatus for suturing |
US6730111B2 (en) | 1996-10-30 | 2004-05-04 | Semyon Shchervinsky | Surgical tipping apparatus |
US20040122471A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-24 | Toby E. Bruce | Connective tissue repair system |
WO2004066847A1 (en) * | 2003-01-27 | 2004-08-12 | Sergio Capurro | Sheathed elastic surgigal thread |
US20050119696A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Walters Troy M. | Braided suture |
US20050125037A1 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-06-09 | Mark Roby | Method for treating a section of a suture and forming a suture tip for attachment to a needle |
US6939365B1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-09-06 | Arbor Surgical Technologies, Inc. | Fixturing assembly |
US6984237B2 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2006-01-10 | Orthopaedic Biosystems Ltd., Inc. | Suture passing surgical instrument |
US20060161160A1 (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 2006-07-20 | Sander Thomas W | Tissue repair device and apparatus and method for fabricating same |
US20070106329A1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-10 | Reza Dabir | Sickle needle and method |
US20100139883A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Jerry Stametz | Surgical needle swage tool |
US7814630B2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2010-10-19 | Ethicon, Inc. | Apparatus and method for swaging needles |
US8021421B2 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2011-09-20 | Medtronic, Inc. | Prosthesis heart valve fixturing device |
US8500802B2 (en) | 2005-04-08 | 2013-08-06 | Medtronic, Inc. | Two-piece prosthetic valves with snap-in connection and methods for use |
US8821569B2 (en) | 2006-04-29 | 2014-09-02 | Medtronic, Inc. | Multiple component prosthetic heart valve assemblies and methods for delivering them |
WO2015187277A1 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-10 | Ethicon, Inc. | Suture with trim formed tip |
US9861355B2 (en) | 2004-06-16 | 2018-01-09 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Suture passing |
US9888915B2 (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2018-02-13 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Method and device for suture removal |
US9936943B1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2018-04-10 | Nicholas MANCINI | Suture passing surgical device with atraumatic grasper preventing accidental perforations |
US20180271518A1 (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-27 | Ethicon, Inc. | Swaging systems for attaching surgical needles to sutures having on-press testing of suture attachment strength |
WO2020109935A1 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2020-06-04 | Ethicon, Inc. | Systems, devices and methods of making surgical sutures having reformed, reduced diameter tips |
US10682133B2 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2020-06-16 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Suture passer and grasper instrument and method |
US10765420B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2020-09-08 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Suture passer |
US10960456B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2021-03-30 | Ethicon, Inc. | Programmable motor driven swaging presses for attaching surgical needles to sutures |
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-
1973
- 1973-05-17 TR TR17343A patent/TR17343A/en unknown
- 1973-05-30 CA CA172,925A patent/CA1026183A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-26 US US409974A patent/US3890975A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (119)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4054144A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1977-10-18 | American Cyanamid Company | Short-crimp surgical needle |
DE2657054A1 (en) * | 1976-06-28 | 1978-01-05 | Ethicon Inc | CONNECTED NEEDLE SEAM MATERIAL COMBINATION WITH CONTROLLED SEPARABILITY |
US4630617A (en) * | 1980-10-09 | 1986-12-23 | American Cyanamid Company | Heart pacer lead wire with pull-away needle |
US4832025A (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-05-23 | American Cyanamid Company | Thermoplastic surgical suture with a melt fused length |
US5226912A (en) * | 1987-08-26 | 1993-07-13 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-braided suture device |
US5059212A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-10-22 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled separation of the needle from the suture |
US5139514A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-08-18 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined needle-suture device |
US5051107A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-09-24 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5280674A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1994-01-25 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching a surgical needle to a suture |
US5067959A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-11-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachement for controlled suture release |
US5084063A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-01-28 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment |
US5089011A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-02-18 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-suture device possessing an integrated suture cut-off feature |
US5089010A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-02-18 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment possessing weakened suture segment for controlled suture release |
US5259845A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1993-11-09 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment with a lubricated suture tip for controlled suture release |
US5102418A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-04-07 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method for attaching a surgical needle to a suture |
US5041128A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-08-20 | United States Sirgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-suture device possessing an integrated suture cut-off feature |
US5123911A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-06-23 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method for attaching a surgical needle to a suture |
US5156615A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-10-20 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5133738A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1992-07-28 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-spiroid braided suture device |
US5099676A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1992-03-31 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5131131A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1992-07-21 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method for attaching surgical suture components |
US5168619A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1992-12-08 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method for attaching surgical suture components |
US5046350A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-09-10 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5007922A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-04-16 | Ethicon, Inc. | Method of making a surgical suture |
US5374278A (en) * | 1989-11-14 | 1994-12-20 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for heat tipping sutures |
US5358498A (en) * | 1990-02-01 | 1994-10-25 | Deknatel Technology Corporation, Inc. | Needled suture |
US5116358A (en) * | 1990-07-23 | 1992-05-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-suture device possessing a controlled suture separation feature |
US5306288A (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1994-04-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Combined surgical needle-suture device |
US5425746A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1995-06-20 | United States Surgical Corporation | Suture-needle combination with cyanoacrylate tipped sutures |
US5569302A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1996-10-29 | United States Surgical Corporation | Tipped multifilament surgical suture |
US5269808A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1993-12-14 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for tipping sutures |
AU649495B2 (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1994-05-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for tipping sutures |
US5437726A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1995-08-01 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for tipping sutures |
US5207701A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1993-05-04 | American Cyanamid Company | Surgical needle-suture combination, and apparatus and method for attaching the same |
US5201760A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1993-04-13 | American Cyanamid Company | Surgical needle-suture combination and apparatus and method for attaching the same |
US20100016966A1 (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 2010-01-21 | Sander Thomas W | Tissue Repair Device And Apparatus And Method For Fabricating Same |
US20060161160A1 (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 2006-07-20 | Sander Thomas W | Tissue repair device and apparatus and method for fabricating same |
US7588594B2 (en) | 1991-05-13 | 2009-09-15 | Sander Thomas W | Tissue repair device and apparatus and method for fabricating same |
US5643319A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1997-07-01 | United States Surgical Corporation | Device for applying a meniscal staple |
US5374268A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1994-12-20 | United States Surgical Corporation | Device and method for repairing torn tissue |
US20080131544A1 (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 2008-06-05 | Sander Thomas W | Tissue repair device and apparatus and method for fabricating same |
US7875063B1 (en) | 1991-05-13 | 2011-01-25 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Tissue repair device and apparatus and method for fabricating same |
US6190401B1 (en) | 1991-05-13 | 2001-02-20 | United States Surgical Corporation | Device for applying a meniscal staple |
US5269783A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1993-12-14 | United States Surgical Corporation | Device and method for repairing torn tissue |
US5224955A (en) * | 1991-08-15 | 1993-07-06 | American Cyanamid Company | Surgical needle-suture combination and apparatus and method for attaching the same |
US5608962A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1997-03-11 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5462543A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1995-10-31 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5350373A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-09-27 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5394726A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1995-03-07 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus and method for positioning and pressing curved surgical needles |
US5568746A (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1996-10-29 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5383902A (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1995-01-24 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5394971A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1995-03-07 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus for attaching surgical suture components |
US5403345A (en) * | 1993-10-12 | 1995-04-04 | United States Surgical Corporation | Needle suture attachment |
US5507798A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 1996-04-16 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical needle-suture attachment for controlled suture release |
US5540778A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-07-30 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for tipping, cutting, and sorting sutures |
US5672375A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1997-09-30 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for tipping, cutting, and sorting sutures |
US5507777A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1996-04-16 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and apparatus for treating a portion of a suture and forming a suture tip for attachment to a needle |
US5649962A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1997-07-22 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method and appartaus for treating a portion of a suture and forming a suture tip for attachment to a needle |
US6031018A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 2000-02-29 | Ethicon, Inc. | Solventless tipping of braided surgical ligature |
US5891247A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1999-04-06 | United States Surgical Corporation | Suture tipping apparatus and method |
US5643628A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1997-07-01 | United States Surgical Corporation | Suture tipping apparatus and method |
US5707391A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-01-13 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus and method for attaching surgical needle suture components |
US5722991A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-03-03 | United States Surgical Corporation | Apparatus and method for attaching surgical needle suture components |
US5728135A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1998-03-17 | Ethicon, Inc. | Stiffened suture for use in a suturing device |
US5975876A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1999-11-02 | Ethicon, Inc. | Combined apparatus for heating and cutting a surgical suture tip |
US5855156A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1999-01-05 | Ethicon, Inc. | Apparatus for cutting a surgical suture tip |
US5813303A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1998-09-29 | Ethicon, Inc. | Apparatus for cutting a surgical suture at two locations |
US5792181A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1998-08-11 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical suture having a thermally formed tip, and apparatus and method for making same |
US5726422A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1998-03-10 | Ethicon, Inc. | Apparatus with moving clamp for making surgical sutures, and method for using same |
US6035916A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 2000-03-14 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical suture having an ultrasonically formed tip, and apparatus method for making same |
US6730111B2 (en) | 1996-10-30 | 2004-05-04 | Semyon Shchervinsky | Surgical tipping apparatus |
US6306157B1 (en) | 1996-10-30 | 2001-10-23 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical tipping apparatus |
US5891166A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1999-04-06 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical suture having an ultrasonically formed tip, and apparatus and method for making same |
US6126676A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 2000-10-03 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical tipping apparatus |
US6001121A (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 1999-12-14 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical suture having a thermally formed tip, and apparatus and method for making same |
US6035751A (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2000-03-14 | Ethicon, Inc. | Method for cutting a surgical suture at two locations |
US6723107B1 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 2004-04-20 | Orthopaedic Biosystems Ltd. | Method and apparatus for suturing |
US6478809B1 (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2002-11-12 | Gregory R. Brotz | Suture and method of use |
US6666872B2 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2003-12-23 | United States Surgical | Single shot meniscal repair device |
US10052098B2 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2018-08-21 | Orthopaedic Biosystems Ltd., Inc. | Suture passing surgical instrument |
US8690898B2 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2014-04-08 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Suture passing surgical instrument |
US6984237B2 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2006-01-10 | Orthopaedic Biosystems Ltd., Inc. | Suture passing surgical instrument |
US6939365B1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-09-06 | Arbor Surgical Technologies, Inc. | Fixturing assembly |
US7343920B2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2008-03-18 | Toby E Bruce | Connective tissue repair system |
US8460373B2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2013-06-11 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method for implanting a heart valve within an annulus of a patient |
US20080172053A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2008-07-17 | Toby E Bruce | Connective tissue repair system |
US7981153B2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2011-07-19 | Medtronic, Inc. | Biologically implantable prosthesis methods of using |
US20040122471A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-24 | Toby E. Bruce | Connective tissue repair system |
WO2004066847A1 (en) * | 2003-01-27 | 2004-08-12 | Sergio Capurro | Sheathed elastic surgigal thread |
US20060121274A1 (en) * | 2003-01-27 | 2006-06-08 | Sergio Capurro | Sheathed elastic surgical thread |
US8747463B2 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2014-06-10 | Medtronic, Inc. | Methods of using a prosthesis fixturing device |
US8021421B2 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2011-09-20 | Medtronic, Inc. | Prosthesis heart valve fixturing device |
US20050125037A1 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-06-09 | Mark Roby | Method for treating a section of a suture and forming a suture tip for attachment to a needle |
US20050119696A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Walters Troy M. | Braided suture |
US9861355B2 (en) | 2004-06-16 | 2018-01-09 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Suture passing |
US8500802B2 (en) | 2005-04-08 | 2013-08-06 | Medtronic, Inc. | Two-piece prosthetic valves with snap-in connection and methods for use |
US8292920B2 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2012-10-23 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Sickle needle and method |
US20070106329A1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-10 | Reza Dabir | Sickle needle and method |
US8821569B2 (en) | 2006-04-29 | 2014-09-02 | Medtronic, Inc. | Multiple component prosthetic heart valve assemblies and methods for delivering them |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA1026183A (en) | 1978-02-14 |
TR17343A (en) | 1975-03-24 |
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