US4394033A - Temperature compensating elastic cone - Google Patents

Temperature compensating elastic cone Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US4394033A
US4394033A US06/238,318 US23831881A US4394033A US 4394033 A US4394033 A US 4394033A US 23831881 A US23831881 A US 23831881A US 4394033 A US4394033 A US 4394033A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
generator
cushion
gas
cone
diffuser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US06/238,318
Inventor
George W. Goetz
Arne J. Santti
Gary R. LaLonde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Passive Safety Systems US Inc
Original Assignee
Firestone Tire and Rubber Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Firestone Tire and Rubber Co filed Critical Firestone Tire and Rubber Co
Priority to US06/238,318 priority Critical patent/US4394033A/en
Assigned to FIRESTONE TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY, THE reassignment FIRESTONE TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY, THE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GOETZ GEORGE W., LA LONDE GARY R., SANTTI ARNE J.
Priority to CA000389782A priority patent/CA1183884A/en
Priority to DE19813147780 priority patent/DE3147780A1/en
Priority to JP57003539A priority patent/JPS57144152A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4394033A publication Critical patent/US4394033A/en
Assigned to TRW AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS, INC. A CORP OF OHIO reassignment TRW AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS, INC. A CORP OF OHIO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: FIRESTONE TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY
Assigned to TRW VEHICLE SAFETY SYSTEMS INC. reassignment TRW VEHICLE SAFETY SYSTEMS INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: TRW AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS INC., A OH CORP.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/276—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow with means to vent the inflation fluid source, e.g. in case of overpressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/276—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow with means to vent the inflation fluid source, e.g. in case of overpressure
    • B60R2021/2765—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow with means to vent the inflation fluid source, e.g. in case of overpressure comprising means to control the venting

Definitions

  • One type of passive restraint for safeguarding automotive passengers from injury is the inflatable envelope or cushion which, in the event of a collision, is filled by an inert gas generated through the controlled combustion of a solid chemical.
  • the generator typically comprises a main chemical generant or propellant in, for example, pressed pellet form, packed in a cylindrical canister and surrounding a booster charge.
  • An igniter responds to a signal from a collision-sensor and causes an ignition cord within the booster to fire the booster which, in turn, ignites the propellant.
  • the gas generated by the propellant is filtered, cooled, and passed through ports in a surrounding gas diffuser into the restraint cushion, typically a fine-mesh nylon bag.
  • the volume, pressure and temperature of the gas at various stages during the very brief time interval between the sensing of a crash and the full deployment of the cushion, as well as rates of ignition, burning, and gas-generation may be tailored by means well-known within the art.
  • the temperature, and hence the volume, of the delivered gas is increased. It is therefore desirable that the tailored operation of the gas generator proceed as uniformly as possible, whether under hot or cold ambient temperatures, i.e. with a minimal spread between resulting hot and cold operating conditions.
  • venting does not, however, contemplate the varying conditions of ambient temperature and gas flow rate which may obtain at the particular moment when firing takes place.
  • This invention solves the above problem by providing a gas-generator having temperature-compensating means for directing an increasing fraction of gas-volume overboard, i.e., outside the cushion, as the ambient temperature increases.
  • a cap or cone whose flexibility varies with temperature, and which opens increasingly in response to pressure with a rise in temperature. In this manner, the performance variation between hot and cold operation is minimized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the front seat of an automobile, showing the generator, with the associated inflated cushion in place.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the gas-generator, at the instant before ignition.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing the venting action by the end cone of the invention upon the generator firing.
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but with the vent cone of the invention in the process of reseating itself.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the vented device of the invention with an unvented control device.
  • FIG. 1 shows generally the environment of the present invention, the generator 10 shown in cross-section within the front compartment of a vehicle 12, with the associated cushion 14 in inflated operative condition.
  • the generator 10 comprises a generally cylindrical inflator 16 lodged within a diffuser 18, both of a length generally several times greater than their diameter.
  • an ignition cord 20 Extending axially through the center of the inflator 16 is an ignition cord 20 which may be fired by the ignitor or squib 24, upon activation through electric wires 22.
  • the ignitor is separated from cord 20 by a plate 21.
  • a booster 26 Surrounding the ignition cord 20 is a booster 26 comprised of pellets 28 of a rapidly-burning chemical housed within a perforated booster casing or tube 30.
  • a booster tube-end cap 31 and a grommet 33 locate the end of cord 20.
  • the main propellant comprises pellets 32 packed around the booster tube 30 and within a tubular propellant canister 36.
  • propellant pellets will be pressed from granules of a gas-generating composition comprised for example of sodium azide and metal oxide.
  • an annular filter 40 for screening undesirable materials from the combustion products produced during firing.
  • filters are well-known and may include combinations of perforated metal, screening, glass fibers, steelwool, etc.
  • the ends of the inflator housing 38 are turned radially inwardly as at 46, sealingly engaging an inflator housing cap 50, which receives ignitor housing 52 and simultaneously seals the parts of the inflator 16.
  • a cylindrical metal diffuser 18 Surrounding the inflator housing 38 is a cylindrical metal diffuser 18 having perforations 54 spaced circumferentially and longitudinally thereof, and giving access to the interior of the cushion 14, which may comprise a fine-mesh material, and is sealed by means not shown against the outer surface of the diffuser near its end 60.
  • vent cone or cap 64 At one end 60 of the diffuser 18, its edge 62 is engaged by a vent cone or cap 64.
  • the cone 64 comprises a radial disk or web portion 66 apertured at 68 to fit around a portion of the inflator housing cap 50 and retained between inflator housing cap 50 and ignitor housing 52.
  • the cone 64 is made of a material whose flexibility increases with temperature.
  • the disk 66 terminates at its outer radial edge in an annular rim portion 74.
  • the portion of the rim facing the diffuser cylinder is notched axially and radially as at 76 to sealingly accommodate the diffuser edge 62.
  • Radially inwardly of the notch 76 is an annular lip 78 which fits slidingly between the radially inner surface of the diffuser 18 and the radially outer surface of the inflator housing 38.
  • the end 61 of the diffuser 10 may be drawn against a portion of the support housing 100 by means of stud 102 and nut 104 on inflator housing 38, also trapping and sealing the wall of cushion 14.
  • the major portion of the generator 10 will thus be located internally of the cushion 14, with the vent cone 64 extending outside the cushion.
  • Additional stud-nut combinations may help anchor the generator.
  • a crash sensor will, by means of wires 22, igniter 24 and ignition cord 20, ignite the booster charge 28 which, in turn, fires the main propellant 32.
  • the gases created by the ignition and subsequent burning flow outwardly through filter 40, where undesirables are removed.
  • the cleansed gas emerging from filter 40 exits the inflator housing 38 through perforations 48 and flows into chamber 49 between the inflator housing 38 and the diffuser 18.
  • the gas within chamber 49 will seek to escape through the diffuser perforations 54, while also acting axially against the vent cone lip 78 and the cone-web 66.
  • vent cone 64 will remain open as in FIG. 3. Once the pressure becomes equal to or smaller than this ratio, the cone will close as seen in FIG. 4.
  • the material of the cone 64 and its physical dimensions are so chosen as to provide a venting device which is more easily displaced from its seat at higher temperatures than at low ones. Accordingly, at lower temperatures, the cone remains sealed in place against edge 62 but, in the nature of a pressure safety relief valve, opens to vent gas in increasing amounts at higher and higher temperatures.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the traces of actual tests comparing the performance of the vent cone inflators of the invention, shown in the full-line curves, with that of unvented inflators, shown in the dashed-line curves.
  • the devices were placed in turn in a 10.3 ft. 3 (292,000 cm 3 ) test-tank, simulating the cushion, with instrumentation to trace the gas-pressure in kilo-pascales (kPa) from the instant of firing well beyond 100 milli-seconds (ms). While the entire unvented device was located inside the test-tank, the vented device was placed with the diffuser end 60 outside the test-tank. It should be noted that 140 kPa represents the tank pressure which is considered equivalent to full cushion deployment.
  • each device to be fired was first stabilized for a minimum of four hours at a specific temperature: those compared in the A-curves were cooled down to a temperature of -20° F. (-28.9° C.); the B-curve devices were brought to a room temperature of 70° F. (21.1° C.); and those of the C-curve were heated to 180° F. (82° C.).
  • the three curves of the inventive devices will be seen to track within a very narrow band.
  • the time, from firing until a tank gas-pressure of 140 kPa is reached varies by only 12 ms from that for a vented hot device; the unvented device, on the other hand, exhibits a 26 ms variation.
  • the maximum hot-to-cold output pressure difference occurring at about the 40 ms point is about 100 kPa, which represents approximately 40% of the maximum tank pressure of 246 kPa at room temperature.
  • the ratio of the maximum difference between hot and cold pressures, to the maximum tank pressure at room temperature is seen to be less than half of the above percentage. Since the ideal system would exhibit no pressure difference between hot and cold operation, and thus a 0 percentage, the lower percentage of the device of the invention indicates an improvement.
  • a typical device tested comprised a unit measuring about 55 centimeters (cm) in length and about 8 cm in diameter.
  • the ignition system consists of an igniter cord 20 such as manufactured by Explosives Technology, Fairfield, Calif., under the designation ITLX; the cord is fired by, for example, a titanium potassium chlorate igniter or squib 24 such as manufactured by Imperial Chemicals Industries.
  • the booster mixture comprised sodium azide and potassium perchlorate, formed into pellets 28, and contained within a perforated envelope 30.
  • the propellant 32 also in pellet form, comprised sodium azide and iron oxide.
  • the vent cone 64 was made of nylon whose web 66 had a thickness of about 6 millimeters (mm); the annular rim portion 74 has a thickness of about 7 mm.
  • the cone sealing portion which faces the axial end 62 of the diffuser 18 has an area of about 10 cm 2 , compared to a total area of all diffuser vents of about 15 cm 2 . When the gas pressure thus rises to a point where it moves the vent cone from its seat, the vent area will be increased by about 67%.
  • the vent cone may be made of other materials such as, for example, polyester; it will be seen that different venting characteristics may be had by varying the material, the shape, or the dimensions of the cone; as well as by varying the pressures delivered by the inflator through changes in ignition and propellant chemistry, and in filter-, canister-, housing-, and diffuser-design.

Abstract

In an inflatable occupant-restraint system in a vehicle, a generator for producing fluid under pressure is so placed that a portion of the generator is outside the cushion and has a resilient venting means for dumping increasing fractions of gas volume outside the cushion at increasing operating temperatures.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
One type of passive restraint for safeguarding automotive passengers from injury is the inflatable envelope or cushion which, in the event of a collision, is filled by an inert gas generated through the controlled combustion of a solid chemical.
Whereas relatively compact gas-generating units are used for restraints facing the driver in the case of an accident, larger cylindrical generators are used for the passenger-side which utilize means for diffusing the generated gas in advance of inflating the envelope.
The generator typically comprises a main chemical generant or propellant in, for example, pressed pellet form, packed in a cylindrical canister and surrounding a booster charge. An igniter responds to a signal from a collision-sensor and causes an ignition cord within the booster to fire the booster which, in turn, ignites the propellant. The gas generated by the propellant is filtered, cooled, and passed through ports in a surrounding gas diffuser into the restraint cushion, typically a fine-mesh nylon bag.
The volume, pressure and temperature of the gas at various stages during the very brief time interval between the sensing of a crash and the full deployment of the cushion, as well as rates of ignition, burning, and gas-generation may be tailored by means well-known within the art.
It is known that, in general, as the ambient temperature increases, the burn-rate of a solid propellant tends to increase. The effect of this increase in burn-rate is that the gases are produced at a much higher volumetric rate. Consequently, at the higher ambient temperatures, the system operates at higher pressures, and the deployment velocity of the cushion increases.
Additionally, as the propellant and filter become heated, the temperature, and hence the volume, of the delivered gas is increased. It is therefore desirable that the tailored operation of the gas generator proceed as uniformly as possible, whether under hot or cold ambient temperatures, i.e. with a minimal spread between resulting hot and cold operating conditions.
Although it is known, as for example through U.S. Pat. No. 4,191,392 to Barnett, to provide a vent at one end of the gas generator in order to prevent gas pressure build-up at that end, such vent merely redirects pressure, so that it still enters the cushion, but through the vent at the end of the generator rather than through the ports in the diffuser.
Such venting does not, however, contemplate the varying conditions of ambient temperature and gas flow rate which may obtain at the particular moment when firing takes place.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention solves the above problem by providing a gas-generator having temperature-compensating means for directing an increasing fraction of gas-volume overboard, i.e., outside the cushion, as the ambient temperature increases. There is accordingly provided on the generator a cap or cone whose flexibility varies with temperature, and which opens increasingly in response to pressure with a rise in temperature. In this manner, the performance variation between hot and cold operation is minimized.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the front seat of an automobile, showing the generator, with the associated inflated cushion in place.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the gas-generator, at the instant before ignition.
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing the venting action by the end cone of the invention upon the generator firing.
FIG. 4, is a view similar to FIG. 2, but with the vent cone of the invention in the process of reseating itself.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the vented device of the invention with an unvented control device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 shows generally the environment of the present invention, the generator 10 shown in cross-section within the front compartment of a vehicle 12, with the associated cushion 14 in inflated operative condition.
As shown in FIG. 2, the generator 10 comprises a generally cylindrical inflator 16 lodged within a diffuser 18, both of a length generally several times greater than their diameter.
Extending axially through the center of the inflator 16 is an ignition cord 20 which may be fired by the ignitor or squib 24, upon activation through electric wires 22. The ignitor is separated from cord 20 by a plate 21. Surrounding the ignition cord 20 is a booster 26 comprised of pellets 28 of a rapidly-burning chemical housed within a perforated booster casing or tube 30. A booster tube-end cap 31 and a grommet 33 locate the end of cord 20.
The main propellant comprises pellets 32 packed around the booster tube 30 and within a tubular propellant canister 36. Typically, such propellant pellets will be pressed from granules of a gas-generating composition comprised for example of sodium azide and metal oxide. Between propellant canister 36 and an outer inflator housing 38, perforated as at 48, is located an annular filter 40 for screening undesirable materials from the combustion products produced during firing. Such filters are well-known and may include combinations of perforated metal, screening, glass fibers, steelwool, etc.
The ends of the inflator housing 38, generally of light metal, are turned radially inwardly as at 46, sealingly engaging an inflator housing cap 50, which receives ignitor housing 52 and simultaneously seals the parts of the inflator 16.
Surrounding the inflator housing 38 is a cylindrical metal diffuser 18 having perforations 54 spaced circumferentially and longitudinally thereof, and giving access to the interior of the cushion 14, which may comprise a fine-mesh material, and is sealed by means not shown against the outer surface of the diffuser near its end 60.
At one end 60 of the diffuser 18, its edge 62 is engaged by a vent cone or cap 64. The cone 64 comprises a radial disk or web portion 66 apertured at 68 to fit around a portion of the inflator housing cap 50 and retained between inflator housing cap 50 and ignitor housing 52. The cone 64 is made of a material whose flexibility increases with temperature.
The disk 66 terminates at its outer radial edge in an annular rim portion 74. The portion of the rim facing the diffuser cylinder is notched axially and radially as at 76 to sealingly accommodate the diffuser edge 62. Radially inwardly of the notch 76 is an annular lip 78 which fits slidingly between the radially inner surface of the diffuser 18 and the radially outer surface of the inflator housing 38.
At the opposite end of the generator, the end 61 of the diffuser 10 may be drawn against a portion of the support housing 100 by means of stud 102 and nut 104 on inflator housing 38, also trapping and sealing the wall of cushion 14. The major portion of the generator 10 will thus be located internally of the cushion 14, with the vent cone 64 extending outside the cushion.
Additional stud-nut combinations, not shown, may help anchor the generator.
OPERATION
A crash sensor will, by means of wires 22, igniter 24 and ignition cord 20, ignite the booster charge 28 which, in turn, fires the main propellant 32. The gases created by the ignition and subsequent burning flow outwardly through filter 40, where undesirables are removed. The cleansed gas emerging from filter 40 exits the inflator housing 38 through perforations 48 and flows into chamber 49 between the inflator housing 38 and the diffuser 18.
The gas within chamber 49 will seek to escape through the diffuser perforations 54, while also acting axially against the vent cone lip 78 and the cone-web 66.
Where the device is working in the higher temperature range, with the attendant increased propellant burn-rate and increased volumetric rate of gas-production, such higher temperature will increase the flexing tendency of the cone-web 66, and allow the increased pressure in chamber 49 to move the notch 76 of the rim 74 axially from its normally sealed position against the diffuser edge 62.
So long as the pressure within the diffuser 18 remains greater than the ratio between the force on the vent cone lip 78 and its exposed annular area, the vent cone 64 will remain open as in FIG. 3. Once the pressure becomes equal to or smaller than this ratio, the cone will close as seen in FIG. 4.
In this manner a certain fraction of the increased gas volume is caused to vent out of generator, outside the cushion 14, while the remainder exits the perforations 54 to fill the cushion.
The material of the cone 64 and its physical dimensions are so chosen as to provide a venting device which is more easily displaced from its seat at higher temperatures than at low ones. Accordingly, at lower temperatures, the cone remains sealed in place against edge 62 but, in the nature of a pressure safety relief valve, opens to vent gas in increasing amounts at higher and higher temperatures.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the traces of actual tests comparing the performance of the vent cone inflators of the invention, shown in the full-line curves, with that of unvented inflators, shown in the dashed-line curves. The devices were placed in turn in a 10.3 ft.3 (292,000 cm3) test-tank, simulating the cushion, with instrumentation to trace the gas-pressure in kilo-pascales (kPa) from the instant of firing well beyond 100 milli-seconds (ms). While the entire unvented device was located inside the test-tank, the vented device was placed with the diffuser end 60 outside the test-tank. It should be noted that 140 kPa represents the tank pressure which is considered equivalent to full cushion deployment.
In order to show the superiority of the invention, each device to be fired was first stabilized for a minimum of four hours at a specific temperature: those compared in the A-curves were cooled down to a temperature of -20° F. (-28.9° C.); the B-curve devices were brought to a room temperature of 70° F. (21.1° C.); and those of the C-curve were heated to 180° F. (82° C.).
The three curves of the inventive devices will be seen to track within a very narrow band. With a vented cold device, the time, from firing until a tank gas-pressure of 140 kPa is reached, varies by only 12 ms from that for a vented hot device; the unvented device, on the other hand, exhibits a 26 ms variation.
It will be seen that, for the inventive generator, operating pressures are reached within approximately 42 ms in a hot device, and in about 54 ms in a cold device. In the prior art control device, the 140 kPa level is reached in about 27 ms when hot, but not until 53 ms when cold.
For the unvented device, it will be seen from the curves of FIG. 5 that the maximum hot-to-cold output pressure difference occurring at about the 40 ms point, is about 100 kPa, which represents approximately 40% of the maximum tank pressure of 246 kPa at room temperature. For the vented device of the invention, the ratio of the maximum difference between hot and cold pressures, to the maximum tank pressure at room temperature, is seen to be less than half of the above percentage. Since the ideal system would exhibit no pressure difference between hot and cold operation, and thus a 0 percentage, the lower percentage of the device of the invention indicates an improvement.
A typical device tested comprised a unit measuring about 55 centimeters (cm) in length and about 8 cm in diameter.
The ignition system consists of an igniter cord 20 such as manufactured by Explosives Technology, Fairfield, Calif., under the designation ITLX; the cord is fired by, for example, a titanium potassium chlorate igniter or squib 24 such as manufactured by Imperial Chemicals Industries. The booster mixture comprised sodium azide and potassium perchlorate, formed into pellets 28, and contained within a perforated envelope 30. The propellant 32, also in pellet form, comprised sodium azide and iron oxide.
The vent cone 64 was made of nylon whose web 66 had a thickness of about 6 millimeters (mm); the annular rim portion 74 has a thickness of about 7 mm. The cone sealing portion which faces the axial end 62 of the diffuser 18 has an area of about 10 cm2, compared to a total area of all diffuser vents of about 15 cm2. When the gas pressure thus rises to a point where it moves the vent cone from its seat, the vent area will be increased by about 67%.
The vent cone may be made of other materials such as, for example, polyester; it will be seen that different venting characteristics may be had by varying the material, the shape, or the dimensions of the cone; as well as by varying the pressures delivered by the inflator through changes in ignition and propellant chemistry, and in filter-, canister-, housing-, and diffuser-design.

Claims (1)

We claim:
1. A passive occupant-restraint system comprising
(a) an inflatable cushion,
(b) a fluid generator operatively connected to said cushion,
(c) means to fire said generator and create inflation fluid,
(d) discharge ports in said generator directing flow of inflation fluid into said cushion, and
(e) means coaxial with said generator to vent fluid directly therefrom and beyond said cushion and responsive to an increase in operating temperature, said venting means having a flexible web terminating in an axially extending rib fitting within the end of said generator and moveable substantially axially from that position closing the end of said generator to an open position in response to said increase.
US06/238,318 1981-02-26 1981-02-26 Temperature compensating elastic cone Expired - Lifetime US4394033A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/238,318 US4394033A (en) 1981-02-26 1981-02-26 Temperature compensating elastic cone
CA000389782A CA1183884A (en) 1981-02-26 1981-11-10 Temperature compensating elastic cone
DE19813147780 DE3147780A1 (en) 1981-02-26 1981-12-03 PASSIVE CLAMPING AND IMPACT LOCKING DEVICE FOR VEHICLE VEHICLE occupants HAVING A CUSHION OR CUSHION INFLATED BY A FLUID GENERATOR. AIR BAG
JP57003539A JPS57144152A (en) 1981-02-26 1982-01-14 Elastic corn having temperature compensation action

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/238,318 US4394033A (en) 1981-02-26 1981-02-26 Temperature compensating elastic cone

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4394033A true US4394033A (en) 1983-07-19

Family

ID=22897383

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/238,318 Expired - Lifetime US4394033A (en) 1981-02-26 1981-02-26 Temperature compensating elastic cone

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4394033A (en)
JP (1) JPS57144152A (en)
CA (1) CA1183884A (en)
DE (1) DE3147780A1 (en)

Cited By (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4722551A (en) * 1987-03-19 1988-02-02 Morton Thiokol, Inc. Initiator and method for the incorporation thereof in an inflator
US4817828A (en) * 1986-10-03 1989-04-04 Trw Automotive Products Inc. Inflatable restraint system
DE3831641A1 (en) * 1988-08-09 1990-02-15 Daimler Benz Ag GAS GENERATOR FOR FILLING A GAS PILLOW RETENTION DEVICE
US4907819A (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-13 Talley Automotive Products, Inc. Lightweight non-welded gas generator with rolled spun lip
US4923212A (en) * 1988-08-17 1990-05-08 Talley Automotive Products, Inc. Lightweight non-welded inflator unit for automobile airbags
US5007661A (en) * 1989-05-16 1991-04-16 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Safety apparatus
US5071161A (en) * 1989-10-06 1991-12-10 501 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Air bag restraint system with venting means
US5217249A (en) * 1990-11-30 1993-06-08 Takata Corporation Pressure relief for a passenger side air bag
US5234229A (en) * 1992-02-25 1993-08-10 General Motors Corporation Pressure limited restraint system
US5257818A (en) * 1992-09-08 1993-11-02 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Apparatus for rapidly changing the temperature of a device in an inflatable restraint system
US5328203A (en) * 1992-03-30 1994-07-12 Takata Corporation Inflator mounting structure for a passenger's air bag system
US5366242A (en) * 1993-11-01 1994-11-22 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Apparatus for controlling inflation of an air bag
US5382415A (en) * 1993-06-22 1995-01-17 Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. Air bag inflation gas generator
US5388860A (en) * 1991-10-10 1995-02-14 Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft Safety device for protecting the passenger of a motor vehicle from injury in a collision
US5409259A (en) * 1992-10-09 1995-04-25 Morton International, Inc. Gas generator for vehicle occupant restraint system
DE3744999C2 (en) * 1986-10-03 1995-04-27 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inflatable restraint system for automobile
US5433476A (en) * 1994-07-27 1995-07-18 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Temperature compensated stored gas inflator
US5443286A (en) * 1992-10-09 1995-08-22 Morton International, Inc. Gas generator for vehicle occupant restraint system
US5458371A (en) * 1994-10-27 1995-10-17 Morton International, Inc. Crimp-formed joint housings for air bag inflators
US5496064A (en) * 1994-04-26 1996-03-05 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Inflator assembly having partitioning member redirecting gas flow
US5513879A (en) * 1994-05-04 1996-05-07 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Two stage inflator with module venting for passenger side airbags
US5564738A (en) * 1995-08-10 1996-10-15 Morton International, Inc. Overflow channeling reaction canister assembly
US5604338A (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-02-18 Morton International, Inc. Temperature adjusting low pressure sensor
US5670720A (en) * 1996-01-11 1997-09-23 Morton International, Inc. Wire-wrap low pressure sensor for pressurized gas inflators
US5690354A (en) * 1996-03-19 1997-11-25 General Motors Corporation Air bag module
US5692768A (en) * 1991-10-21 1997-12-02 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Airbag assembly
US5707078A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-01-13 Takata, Inc. Air bag module with adjustable cushion inflation
US5738372A (en) * 1996-05-15 1998-04-14 Morton International, Inc. Device for pressure relief during bonfire and tell-tale of compressed gas
US5746446A (en) * 1994-05-23 1998-05-05 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US5792959A (en) * 1996-05-06 1998-08-11 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Pressure detection method and device
US5863068A (en) * 1994-05-23 1999-01-26 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
GB2331449A (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-05-26 Thomas Claude Abbs Rayner Inflatable protective body suit for motorcyclists
US5924728A (en) * 1997-04-18 1999-07-20 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Fuel bottle attachment in fluid fueled inflator
US5967551A (en) * 1992-12-18 1999-10-19 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Reduced airbag deployment skewness with non-symmetric gas output inflators
US5971431A (en) * 1996-10-10 1999-10-26 Volkswagen Ag Airbag arrangement for motor vehicles
US6082761A (en) * 1997-01-24 2000-07-04 Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. Side airbag device
US6149194A (en) * 1994-05-23 2000-11-21 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US6250668B1 (en) 1994-05-23 2001-06-26 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Tubular airbag, method of making the same and occupant protection system including the same
US20030020267A1 (en) * 2001-07-26 2003-01-30 Trw Occupant Restraint Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Assembly consisting of an inflator, a housing and a retainer
US6540256B2 (en) 1997-12-26 2003-04-01 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag gas generator and an airbag apparatus
US6562161B1 (en) 1997-03-24 2003-05-13 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generating compositions for air bag
US6715790B2 (en) 1994-05-23 2004-04-06 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Side curtain air bag
US20040183292A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2004-09-23 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Inflation device for a vehicle occupant restraint system
US20040256844A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2004-12-23 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Inflatable curtain with fluid release means
US20040256847A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-12-23 Quioc Eduardo L. Belt and side impact inflator
US20060197325A1 (en) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-07 Patterson Donald B Inflator combustion control mechanism
US20060202457A1 (en) * 2005-02-24 2006-09-14 Patterson Donald B Pressure regulator
US20070085311A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-19 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Airbag module and method of restraining a vehicle occupant with such an airbag module
US20070228013A1 (en) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-04 Stevens Bruce A Gas generating system with pressure regulator
US20100219622A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2010-09-02 Takata-Petri Ag Combustion chamber unit for an airbag module

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01229739A (en) * 1988-03-11 1989-09-13 Honda Motor Co Ltd Device for regulating inner pressure of air bag
DE3842145A1 (en) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-28 Bayern Chemie Gmbh Flugchemie GAS GENERATOR, ESPECIALLY FOR THE INFLATABLE PROTECTIVE BAG OF AN IMPACT PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE occupants
DE3921472C1 (en) * 1989-06-30 1990-11-15 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau, De Device for gas generator - in which gas for inflating cushion for protecting travellers in vehicle crash can take two routes to gas outlet
US5054811A (en) * 1989-06-30 1991-10-08 Bayern-Chemie, Gesellschaft Fur Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh Arrangement for an airbag gas generator
DE3921473C1 (en) * 1989-06-30 1990-11-15 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau, De Device for gas generator - comprises gas for inflating cushion for protecting vehicle passengers with two routes to gas outlet
DE4028715A1 (en) * 1990-04-09 1991-10-10 Alfred Kroiss GAS PILLOW IMPACT PROTECTOR
DE4108857C1 (en) * 1991-03-19 1992-05-14 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau, De Cylindrical gas generator for inflating gas sack of impact protection unit - has combustion chamber with housing, propellant, ignition device and filter unit
US5269561A (en) * 1992-07-06 1993-12-14 Morton International, Inc. Vented gas passenger side air bag inflator
DE4223237C2 (en) * 1992-07-15 1994-10-20 Daimler Benz Ag Gas cushion system
DE4234510A1 (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-04-21 Trw Repa Gmbh Airbag assembly for a restraint system in vehicles
JPH0769164A (en) * 1993-09-01 1995-03-14 Takata Kk Inflator for air bag device
AU665157B2 (en) * 1994-03-14 1995-12-14 Morton International, Inc. An inflator for a motor vehicle passenger-side airbag module
US5503428A (en) † 1995-02-03 1996-04-02 Hoover Universal, Inc. Vehicle seat with an inflatable air cushion
DE19601448A1 (en) * 1996-01-17 1997-07-24 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Closure for a gas generator
US5719351A (en) * 1996-12-03 1998-02-17 Morton International, Inc. Anti-rupture method for liquid propellant gas inflator
US5951040A (en) * 1997-03-19 1999-09-14 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
DE19749585B4 (en) * 1997-11-10 2010-06-10 Volkswagen Ag Occupant restraint system and motor vehicle with passenger restraint system
US6123358A (en) * 1998-05-11 2000-09-26 General Motors Corporation Air bag module with variable inflation
AU1758201A (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-06-06 Primex Aerospace Company Gas generation system
DE20000144U1 (en) 2000-01-05 2000-05-11 Trw Repa Gmbh Vehicle occupant restraint system
FR2876968B1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2007-01-12 Livbag Soc Par Actions Simplif GAS GENERATOR EQUIPPED WITH PRESSURE CONTROL MEANS AND SAFETY DEVICE PROVIDED THEREIN.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3747953A (en) * 1970-11-14 1973-07-24 Volkswagenwerk Ag Safety device for vehicle occupants
GB1420340A (en) * 1972-01-19 1976-01-07 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Safety device with infaltable cushions
US4158696A (en) * 1977-09-28 1979-06-19 Talley Industries Of Arizona, Inc. Air cushion restraint inflator assembly
US4191392A (en) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-04 General Motors Corporation Occupant restraint cushion system
US4218407A (en) * 1970-04-07 1980-08-19 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Valved or progressively opening sparger with rigid upper seat

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3172687A (en) * 1963-10-10 1965-03-09 Herbert J Lawrence Identification bank book
DE2542764A1 (en) * 1975-09-25 1977-04-07 Volkswagenwerk Ag Safety vent for inflatable airbag - has crossed slits closed by sewn closure ruptured under tension
JPS5288938A (en) * 1976-01-16 1977-07-26 Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd Gas generator for gas bag apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4218407A (en) * 1970-04-07 1980-08-19 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Valved or progressively opening sparger with rigid upper seat
US3747953A (en) * 1970-11-14 1973-07-24 Volkswagenwerk Ag Safety device for vehicle occupants
GB1420340A (en) * 1972-01-19 1976-01-07 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Safety device with infaltable cushions
US4158696A (en) * 1977-09-28 1979-06-19 Talley Industries Of Arizona, Inc. Air cushion restraint inflator assembly
US4191392A (en) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-04 General Motors Corporation Occupant restraint cushion system

Cited By (61)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4817828A (en) * 1986-10-03 1989-04-04 Trw Automotive Products Inc. Inflatable restraint system
DE3744999C2 (en) * 1986-10-03 1995-04-27 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inflatable restraint system for automobile
US4722551A (en) * 1987-03-19 1988-02-02 Morton Thiokol, Inc. Initiator and method for the incorporation thereof in an inflator
DE3831641A1 (en) * 1988-08-09 1990-02-15 Daimler Benz Ag GAS GENERATOR FOR FILLING A GAS PILLOW RETENTION DEVICE
US4923212A (en) * 1988-08-17 1990-05-08 Talley Automotive Products, Inc. Lightweight non-welded inflator unit for automobile airbags
US4907819A (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-13 Talley Automotive Products, Inc. Lightweight non-welded gas generator with rolled spun lip
US5007661A (en) * 1989-05-16 1991-04-16 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Safety apparatus
US5071161A (en) * 1989-10-06 1991-12-10 501 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Air bag restraint system with venting means
US5217249A (en) * 1990-11-30 1993-06-08 Takata Corporation Pressure relief for a passenger side air bag
US5388860A (en) * 1991-10-10 1995-02-14 Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft Safety device for protecting the passenger of a motor vehicle from injury in a collision
US5692768A (en) * 1991-10-21 1997-12-02 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Airbag assembly
US5234229A (en) * 1992-02-25 1993-08-10 General Motors Corporation Pressure limited restraint system
US5328203A (en) * 1992-03-30 1994-07-12 Takata Corporation Inflator mounting structure for a passenger's air bag system
GB2265582B (en) * 1992-03-30 1995-08-02 Takata Corp Inflater mounting structure for passengers air bag system
US5257818A (en) * 1992-09-08 1993-11-02 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Apparatus for rapidly changing the temperature of a device in an inflatable restraint system
US5409259A (en) * 1992-10-09 1995-04-25 Morton International, Inc. Gas generator for vehicle occupant restraint system
US5443286A (en) * 1992-10-09 1995-08-22 Morton International, Inc. Gas generator for vehicle occupant restraint system
US5967551A (en) * 1992-12-18 1999-10-19 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Reduced airbag deployment skewness with non-symmetric gas output inflators
US5382415A (en) * 1993-06-22 1995-01-17 Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. Air bag inflation gas generator
US5366242A (en) * 1993-11-01 1994-11-22 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Apparatus for controlling inflation of an air bag
US5496064A (en) * 1994-04-26 1996-03-05 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Inflator assembly having partitioning member redirecting gas flow
US5531474A (en) * 1994-04-26 1996-07-02 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Inflator assembly
US5513879A (en) * 1994-05-04 1996-05-07 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Two stage inflator with module venting for passenger side airbags
US6715790B2 (en) 1994-05-23 2004-04-06 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Side curtain air bag
US6149194A (en) * 1994-05-23 2000-11-21 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US5863068A (en) * 1994-05-23 1999-01-26 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US5746446A (en) * 1994-05-23 1998-05-05 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Plastic film airbag
US6250668B1 (en) 1994-05-23 2001-06-26 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Tubular airbag, method of making the same and occupant protection system including the same
US5433476A (en) * 1994-07-27 1995-07-18 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Temperature compensated stored gas inflator
US5458371A (en) * 1994-10-27 1995-10-17 Morton International, Inc. Crimp-formed joint housings for air bag inflators
US5564738A (en) * 1995-08-10 1996-10-15 Morton International, Inc. Overflow channeling reaction canister assembly
US5604338A (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-02-18 Morton International, Inc. Temperature adjusting low pressure sensor
US5670720A (en) * 1996-01-11 1997-09-23 Morton International, Inc. Wire-wrap low pressure sensor for pressurized gas inflators
US5690354A (en) * 1996-03-19 1997-11-25 General Motors Corporation Air bag module
US5792959A (en) * 1996-05-06 1998-08-11 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Pressure detection method and device
US5738372A (en) * 1996-05-15 1998-04-14 Morton International, Inc. Device for pressure relief during bonfire and tell-tale of compressed gas
US5971431A (en) * 1996-10-10 1999-10-26 Volkswagen Ag Airbag arrangement for motor vehicles
US5707078A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-01-13 Takata, Inc. Air bag module with adjustable cushion inflation
US6082761A (en) * 1997-01-24 2000-07-04 Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. Side airbag device
US6562161B1 (en) 1997-03-24 2003-05-13 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generating compositions for air bag
US5924728A (en) * 1997-04-18 1999-07-20 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Fuel bottle attachment in fluid fueled inflator
GB2331449A (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-05-26 Thomas Claude Abbs Rayner Inflatable protective body suit for motorcyclists
US6540256B2 (en) 1997-12-26 2003-04-01 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag gas generator and an airbag apparatus
US6942249B2 (en) 1997-12-26 2005-09-13 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag gas generator and an airbag apparatus
US20030020267A1 (en) * 2001-07-26 2003-01-30 Trw Occupant Restraint Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Assembly consisting of an inflator, a housing and a retainer
US6796582B2 (en) * 2001-07-26 2004-09-28 Trw Occupant Restraint Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Assembly consisting of an inflator, a housing and a retainer
US20040183292A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2004-09-23 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Inflation device for a vehicle occupant restraint system
US20040256847A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-12-23 Quioc Eduardo L. Belt and side impact inflator
US7506891B2 (en) * 2003-04-17 2009-03-24 Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. Belt and side impact inflator
US7066489B2 (en) * 2003-06-19 2006-06-27 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Inflatable curtain with fluid release means
US20040256844A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2004-12-23 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Inflatable curtain with fluid release means
US7641232B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2010-01-05 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Pressure regulator
US20060202457A1 (en) * 2005-02-24 2006-09-14 Patterson Donald B Pressure regulator
US7438316B2 (en) * 2005-03-01 2008-10-21 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Inflator combustion control mechanism
US20060197325A1 (en) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-07 Patterson Donald B Inflator combustion control mechanism
US20070085311A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-19 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Airbag module and method of restraining a vehicle occupant with such an airbag module
US7246819B2 (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-07-24 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Airbag module and method of restraining a vehicle occupant with such an airbag module
US20070228013A1 (en) * 2006-04-04 2007-10-04 Stevens Bruce A Gas generating system with pressure regulator
US7661707B2 (en) 2006-04-04 2010-02-16 Tk Holdings, Inc. Gas generating system with pressure regulator
US20100219622A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2010-09-02 Takata-Petri Ag Combustion chamber unit for an airbag module
US7976061B2 (en) * 2007-09-26 2011-07-12 Takata-Petri Ag Combustion chamber unit for an airbag module

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3147780C2 (en) 1987-11-26
JPS6349659B2 (en) 1988-10-05
DE3147780A1 (en) 1982-09-09
CA1183884A (en) 1985-03-12
JPS57144152A (en) 1982-09-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4394033A (en) Temperature compensating elastic cone
US6032979A (en) Adaptive output inflator
US6149193A (en) Variable output inflator
US4380346A (en) Method of and apparatus for speeding the response of an air bag inflator at low temperatures
US4200615A (en) All-pyrotechnic inflator
US5967550A (en) Staged pyrotechnic air bag inflator
US3966226A (en) Fluid supply for occupant restraint system
US4116466A (en) Fluid supply for occupant restraint system
EP1658204B1 (en) Pyrotechnique side impact inflator
US5839754A (en) Multiple stage airbag gas generator
US4950458A (en) Passenger automotive restraint generator
EP1262381B1 (en) Airbag gas generator
US4017100A (en) Fluid supply, filter pack used therein and method of assembly
US7950693B2 (en) Dual stage inflator
US5613702A (en) Apparatus for inflating an inflatable vehicle occupant restraint
JPH06316247A (en) Gas expansion apparatus
US4109578A (en) Fluid generator
EP1631480B1 (en) Multiple stage inflator
JPH0678052B2 (en) Two-stage inflator for automobile airbags
JPH115508A (en) Air bag inflating device provided with pressure regulating means
US6139055A (en) Adaptive heated stage inflator
JP2004503423A (en) Adaptive output explosive inflator
WO1996040541A1 (en) Airbag inflator system
US20050156420A1 (en) Multiple chamber inflator
US11603072B2 (en) Dual stage inflator

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: FIRESTONE TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY, THE, AKRON, OHIO

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:GOETZ GEORGE W.;SANTTI ARNE J.;LA LONDE GARY R.;REEL/FRAME:003871/0188

Effective date: 19810217

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

AS Assignment

Owner name: TRW AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS, INC. EUCLID OHIO 44117 A

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:FIRESTONE TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:004296/0155

Effective date: 19840629

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YEAR, PL 96-517 (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M170); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 4

AS Assignment

Owner name: TRW VEHICLE SAFETY SYSTEMS INC.

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:TRW AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS INC., A OH CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004818/0428

Effective date: 19871217

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YEAR, PL 96-517 (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M171); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 8

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 12TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M185); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 12

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY