US4717905A - Warning system including means for remotely energizing condition sensing device - Google Patents
Warning system including means for remotely energizing condition sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- US4717905A US4717905A US06/737,424 US73742485A US4717905A US 4717905 A US4717905 A US 4717905A US 73742485 A US73742485 A US 73742485A US 4717905 A US4717905 A US 4717905A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
- B60C23/0423—Photo-electric, infrared or visible light means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
- B60C23/041—Means for supplying power to the signal- transmitting means on the wheel
- B60C23/0413—Wireless charging of active radio frequency circuits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/06—Signalling devices actuated by deformation of the tyre, e.g. tyre mounted deformation sensors or indirect determination of tyre deformation based on wheel speed, wheel-centre to ground distance or inclination of wheel axle
- B60C23/067—Signalling devices actuated by deformation of the tyre, e.g. tyre mounted deformation sensors or indirect determination of tyre deformation based on wheel speed, wheel-centre to ground distance or inclination of wheel axle by monitoring chassis to ground distance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/06—Signalling devices actuated by deformation of the tyre, e.g. tyre mounted deformation sensors or indirect determination of tyre deformation based on wheel speed, wheel-centre to ground distance or inclination of wheel axle
- B60C23/068—Signalling devices actuated by deformation of the tyre, e.g. tyre mounted deformation sensors or indirect determination of tyre deformation based on wheel speed, wheel-centre to ground distance or inclination of wheel axle by monitoring chassis to tyre distance
Definitions
- This invention relates to apparatus for monitoring a condition such as tire pressure including apparatus for remotely energizing the condition sensing apparatus.
- a pressure sensing device is typically disposed at each tire of the vehicle and a warning device is centrally located at the driver's console to provide a warning whenever the pressure at one or more of the tires deviates significantly from an established norm.
- Various arrangements are known for energizing the pressure monitoring device where typically a battery is provided at each tire.
- Other means are also known for energizing these devices such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,300,119 and 4,300,120 (where rotation of the tire is utilized to effect energization); U.S. Pat. No. 4,160,234 (where deflation of the tire is utilized); and U.S. Pat. No. 4,263,579 (where power obtained from the main storage battery of the vehicle is utilized).
- these devices are subject to various shortcomings.
- a condition sensing device such as a pressure transducer at a vehicle tire or the like where the requisite energy is transmitted via radio waves from an energy source disposed at the above-mentioned centrally located console or some other centrally located position.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an illustrative system for remote energization of pressure transducing apparatus or the like located at one or more vehicle tires in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another illustrative system for remote energization of pressure transducing apparatus or the like in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of one channel of the system of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of alternative tire monitoring circuitry which may be utilized in the system of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of an antenna mounted on a vehicle wheel where the antenna may be used in the systems of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 6--6 of FIG. 5.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of an alternative tire monitoring device in accordance with a further aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 1 there is illustrated at 10 the elements which would be disposed at a centrally located position such as the driver's console of a vehicle while at 12 there is illustrated the elements which would be located at each of the vehicle tires in accordance with a first tire pressure monitoring system of the invention.
- the central location may also be termed the receiver portion of the system since it receives tire status information transmitted from each of the tires while the monitoring circuitry at each of the tires may be termed the transmitting portion of the system.
- An RF power source 14 for radio transmitting RF power to each of the vehicle tires is employed in addition to a receiver 16 for receiving pressure information from the tires where the receiver may conventionally correspond to any one of the various receivers disclosed in the above-discussed patents or the above-mentioned co-pending application.
- a receiver 16 for receiving pressure information from the tires
- the receiver may conventionally correspond to any one of the various receivers disclosed in the above-discussed patents or the above-mentioned co-pending application.
- the transmitter 24 may also be of conventional construction such as is disclosed in any one of the above discussed patents or the above-mentioned co-pending application.
- transmitter 24 is remotely energized from RF power source 14 in the following manner.
- the RF power transmitted from source 14 is received by antenna 18 as indicated by the arrow and is rectified by rectifier circuit 20 and then stored in capacitors 22.
- the energy stored in the capacitors is then applied to the transmitter to energize it for transmission of the requisite pressure information back to the receiver 16.
- the transmitter 24 will include a pressure transducing device which is sensitive to the tire pressure. When the tire pressure significantly deviates from a predetermined norm, this change in the pressure is transmitted back to receiver 16 to provide an appropriate alarm to the driver of the vehicle.
- FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the invention for remotely energizing the pressure transducer circuitry at the tires.
- this example three channels, for example, 26, 28, and 30 where each channel is associated with a particular tire group.
- channel 26 may be associated with the front tires of a truck, channel 28 with the rear cab tires, and channel 30 with the trailer tires. Since each of the channels are the same including the operation thereof, except for possibly the number of tires included in a tire group, only the structure and operation of channel 26 will be generally described in FIG. 2 and more specifically described in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the invention for remotely energizing the pressure transducer circuitry at the tires.
- channel 26 includes a high frequency generator, sensor, and display 26a which generates and receives N signals where each of the signals is of a different frequency. These signals may be generated either sequentially or simultaneously and are applied to a broadcast antenna 26b for radio transmission to the tire monitoring devices located at 12.
- a broadcast antenna 26b for radio transmission to the tire monitoring devices located at 12.
- a tuned antenna 26c typically of high impedance. The output of each antenna 26c, is applied to and energizes an associated pressure monitoring apparatus 26d.
- the impedance of the antenna effectively forms a part of the tuned circuit of generator 26a due to the coupling between broadcast antenna 26b and tuned antenna 26c and thus, the frequency of oscillation of the generator is changed in response to the change in impedance of the tuned antenna.
- the change in the frequency of oscillation is then sensed to actuate a display which provides a warning indication to the operator.
- the high frequency generator, sensor, and display 26a of FIG. 2 includes (assuming there are only two channels) a first oscillator 32, which may be any conventional type of oscillator, which is typically operated at constant output power. Oscillator 32 generates a signal of frequency f1, this signal being applied to broadcast antenna 26b. Any change in the frequency of the oscillator is detected by a frequency discriminator 34, the output of which is applied to the + terminal of a comparator 36. Connected to the - terminal of the comparator is a reference voltage from a source 38.
- the comparator Whenever the output of the discriminator exceeds the reference voltage, the comparator provides a high level output to actuate display 40 and thus provide a warning to the operator of a dangerous condition at the tire associated with tuned antenna no. 1.
- the display not only provides an indication of the dangerous condition, but also indicates at what particular tire the dangerous condition exists.
- Frequency generator, sensor, and display 26a also includes a second oscillator 42 which normally oscillates at a frequency f2 in response to a normal pressure condition at the tire associated with tuned antenna number 2.
- This oscillator is also connected to broadcast antenna 26b and to a frequency discriminator 44.
- the output of discriminator 44 is connected to a comparator 46 to which is also connected a reference voltage from a source 48, the output of the comparator being applied to a display 50.
- Generator 26a also includes a clock signal source 52 which switches a flip-flop 54 between its respective states, the complementary outputs of the flip-flop being respectively applied to oscillators 32 and 42 to alternately actuate the oscillators.
- signals of frequencies f1 and f2 are alternately applied to tuned antenna no. 1 and tuned antenna no. 2.
- Circuitry connected to tuned antenna no. 1 (which is designated by reference numeral 56) includes a pressure sensitive switch 58 and a capacitor 60.
- Corresponding circuitry at the second tire includes tuned antenna no. 2 (which is designated by reference numeral 62), pressure switch 64, and capacitor 66.
- tuned antenna 56 which may typically comprises a parallel tank circuit including the inductance of a loop antenna (such as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, as discussed below) and capacitor 60, will be significantly altered and thus, the frequency of oscillator 32 will also be altered as described above.
- This change in the frequency of the oscillator will be detected by discriminator 34 and the fact that the frequency change (or pressure drop) exceeds an acceptable tolerance as established by voltage source 38 will be detected by comparator 36 to actuate display 40 and alert the operator of the dangerous condition.
- a series resonant circuit may also be employed as the tuned antenna.
- the pressure switch may, instead of shorting the antenna, switch in other reactive components to change the resonant frequency of oscillator 32.
- oscillators 32 and 42 are alternately actuated, all the tires included in channel 26 of FIG. 3 will be monitored and, if a dangerous condition occurs at any one of them, its corresponding display 40 or 50 will be actuated to alert the operator as to the existance and location of the dangerous condition.
- variable frequency oscillator (not shown) could be used to scan the frequency spectrum containing each of the frequencies of the tuned antennas at the tires of a particular tire group.
- the pattern of the signal transmitted by the variable frequency oscillator would remain the same as detected, by example, a programmed microprocessor.
- the microprocessor would detect not only the dangerous condition but also the tire at which the condition was occurring.
- the circuitry of FIG. 3 may, instead of being frequency sensitive, be amplitude sensitive. That is, rather than using a variable frequency, constant power oscillator as oscillator 32, a constant frequency, variable power oscillator may be employed, the frequency typically being crystal controlled. Moreover, rather than connecting frequency discriminator 34 to the output of oscillator 32, a rectifying circuit may be connected to one input of a comparator. Connected to the other imput of the comparator would be a reference voltage. The output of the rectifying circuit would be less than the reference voltage as long as the pressure at the tire associated with oscillator 32 remained normal.
- the change of loading on the broadcast antenna 266 would result in a change in the output power level of the oscillator in order to maintain a constant voltage level at the broadcast antenna.
- the amplitude of the output signal from the rectifier would typically increase with a significant change in the pressure at the tire. Accordingly, a display connected to the output of the comparator would be actuated to provide an indication of the existence and location of the dangerous condition.
- FIG. 4 illustrates circuitry for use with the system of FIG. 3 whereby a range of pressures including over pressure and under pressure at a tire may be sensed.
- the circuitry of FIG. 4 may be used in place of elements 58 and 60 of FIG. 3.
- An analog pressure sensing device such as a strain gauge 57 may be employed to provide an analog output signal, the amplitude of which is a function of the tire pressure.
- Preferred modes of employing an analog device such as a strain gauge are described hereinafter with respect to FIGS. 5 and 6.
- the strain gauge is connected to the + terminal of a comparator 59 while connected to the - terminal thereof is a reference voltage from a reference voltage source 61.
- the tire pressure may normally be 80 pounds. Any pressure over 85 pounds would be considered a dangerous overinflated condition while any pressure under 65 pounds would be considered a dangerous underinflated condition.
- the reference voltage applied from source 61 may correspond to the overinflated condition of 85 pounds.
- the output of the strain gauge is also applied to the + terminal of a second comparator 63. Connected to the - terminal thereof is a reference voltage from a reference voltage source 65, this reference voltage corresponding to the lower limit of 65 pounds.
- the outputs of comparators 59 and 63 are applied as inputs to an exclusive OR circuit 66, the output of which is applied to a varactor or vari-cap circuit 68 to change the capacitance thereof and thus the impedance of tuned antenna 56. Again, the impedance of the antenna is substantially altered as is the case described above with respect to FIG. 3. Accordingly, the operation of the remainder of the circuit is as described with respect to FIG. 3.
- the comparator 63 will transmit its high level input to exclusive OR circuit 66 while comparator 59 will transmit its low level output to circuit 66 thereby satisfying the conditions of the exclusive OR and hence operating varactor circuit 68 so that the frequency of the signal generated by oscillator 32 of FIG. 3 remains unchanged.
- both of the comparators 59 and 63 will transmit high level outputs to the exclusive OR circuit thereby changing the level of the signal applied to the varactor circuit 68 and thus the impedance of tuned antenna 56.
- the circuitry of FIG. 4 is particularly advantageous in that it provides a warning to the operator before a blow-out or the like occurs--that is, most blow-outs occur when the air pressure is beyond a safe range such as that discussed above and thus by providing an alarm to the operator as soon as this occurs, the possible occurrence of a blow-out can be avoided.
- the strain gauge 57 may be of either the semiconductor, foil, or wire type. If of the semiconductor type it may be as described in the handbook "Semiconductor Circuit Elements" by T. D. Powers, et al., Hayden Book Company, Inc., Rochelle Park, N.J., 1975, pages 219 and 220. Further, the varactor circuit 68 may be as described at pages 223 through 232 of the foregoing handbook.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 there are shown various methods of mounting the strain gauge 57 or the like of FIG. 4 with respect to a tire. Moreover, there are illustrated improved antenna configurations for use as the tuned antenna 56.
- FIG. 5 there is shown the side view of the interior side of a tire--that is, the inside side of the tire which faces the vehicle body.
- a tire 72 mounted on the wheel is a tire 72, typically of the tubeless type.
- a circular, loop antenna 74 is concentrically disposed with respect to the wheel including hub 71.
- the antenna is mounted with respect to the rim 75 of the wheel by a plurality of tabs 76, four of which are illustrated in the drawing.
- the tabs may be connected to the wheel rim in a manner similar to the manner by which lead weights are attached to a wheel rim to balance the wheel.
- the tabs include one end 73 which engages the interior surface of the rim 75, the other end of the tab being connected to the antenna 74.
- a plastic sheath may be provided around the antenna and the tabs 76 may also be of plastic and integrally connected to the plastic sheath surrounding the antenna, the sheath being shown at 77 and the antenna per se at 79 in FIG. 6.
- the loop antenna of FIG. 5 is particularly advantageous in that, due to its concentric mounting with respect to the wheel, there is no relative movement of the antenna with respect to the broadcast antenna.
- This is in contrast to a number of prior art devices where the antenna is located at a particular point along the periphery of the wheel, for example, at the valve stem, whereby the antenna is rotated about the center of the wheel when the vehicle is driven.
- the distance between the wheel antenna and the antenna at the central console varies introducing low frequency, spurious signals which can be difficult to remove.
- This problem with prior art antennas is avoided in the present invention by making the antenna concentric with the wheel whereby the distance remains the same regardless of how fast or slow the wheel rotates.
- element 82 of FIG. 6 may correspond, for example, to the circuitry of FIG. 4.
- This strain gauge circuit 82 is mounted to the inside wall of the tire and may be attached in place by a plug 84, the plug being a conventional plug for plugging holes in tubeless tires. Moreover, the circuit 82 may be mounted through a conventional, self-plugging hole in the tire and adhesively held in place. The gauge circuitry 82 is so mounted with respect to the interior wall of tire 72 so as to record changes in the inside wall curvature. Two wires 86 may extend through the plug 84 (or the self-plugging hole) to the terminals 87 and 89 of antenna 74 as can best be seen in FIG. 5.
- the strain gauge circuitry of FIG. 4 may be an integrated circuit on a semiconductor chip or the like.
- the foregoing method of mounting a pressure monitoring circuit may be employed with respect to any type of pressure monitoring circuit whereby the circuit is mounted to the interior of the tire side wall and where the antenna is also disposed at the circuit and may extend through a plug or self-plugging hole.
- the aforesaid method of mounting a pressure monitoring circuit is nevertheless particularly advantageous and may be effected without removing the tire from the vehicle to do so. That is, the vehicle may simply be raised on a rack or the like and each tire deflated to insert the pressure monitoring device or circuitry and then re-inflated. This provides an economical method for inserting such devices into tires which are presently mounted on the vehicle.
- any change in pressure within tire 72 will be reflected in a change in the wall curvature and thus a signal will be transmitted to comparators 59 and 62 of FIG. 4.
- the reactance of the tuned circuit which includes varactor 68 and antenna 56 will remain unchanged.
- the capacity of tuned antenna 56 will be substantially changed to alert the operator of the dangerous condition.
- gauge device or circuitry 82 on the interior side of the inside wall of tire 72, as shown in FIG. 6, is preferable. However, other mountings of circuit 82 are also shown in dotted lines at 92 and 94. Thus, at 94, the gauge is shown mounted to the exterior surface of the outside wall of tire 72, the gauge being fastened to the tire with an adhesive. More preferably, the gauge when mounted to the exterior surface of a side wall would be mounted on the inside wall rather than the outside wall. However, for ease of illustration, it is shown as mounted on the outside wall at 94.
- the gauge may also be inserted between the tire 72 and rim 75 to hold it in place where an adhesive may also be used to attach the gauge to the side wall. Again, it would be preferable to insert the gauge between the inside wall of the tire and the rim, if this method of mounting the gauge is employed.
- gauge circuit 82 is connected to the metal belting 88 within the tire via a connection 90 which typically would extend along or within the inside wall of the tire. This would typically be effected during fabrication of the tire by the tire manufacturer. Since the metal belting is concentric with the wheel, it also would enjoy the advantages of antenna 74, as discussed above. Moreover, note at the dotted line 96 antenna 74 may also be placed on the outside of the wheel 70 although, as stated before, it is preferable the antenna be disposed at the inside of the wheel to provide it with more protection.
- truck body 98 illustrated in these figures may be employed as the broadcast antenna shown in FIG. 2.
- chassis may also be employed as the broadcast antenna either by itself or in combination with the truck body or the body of any other vehicle in which the antenna is used.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 Also illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 is an alternative method of monitoring the pressure within tire 100, this being effected by an infra-red detector 102 having a power supply 104.
- the power supply may be remotely energized in accordance with the circuitry of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the infra-red detector has directivity and is directed to look at the load immediately in front of tire 100. As long as the tire is normally inflated, the amount of infra-red detected by detector 102 will be proportional to the type of road surface. However, whenever tire 100 becomes flat, as shown in FIG. 8, the detector 102 will sense infra-red radiations reflected from the tire and thus the level of the output signal from the detector will change. This change in the level of the output signal can be used to change the reactance of tuned antenna 56, for example of FIG. 2, to thus signal to the operator the existence of the flat tire and its location.
- the detector 102 may initially be directed at the tire itself and, due to the curvature of the tire when it is normally inflated, a first level of infra-red would be detected by the detector. Upon a substantial change in the air pressure or the occurrence of a flat, the curvature of the tire would substantially change and thus the infra-red level detected by the detector would also change significantly to thus provide a signal which can be utilized at the central console to alert the operator.
- an in-fra-red transmitter and detector 106 may be employed, this combination being similar to those used in cameras or the like for automatic focusing.
- transmitter 106 transmits infra-red radiation past the edge of the tire to the ground where the radiation is reflected back to the detector.
- the transmitted radiation reflects from the tire away from the detector and thus a change in level occurs in the sensed, reflected signal which can be utilized to alert the operator of a dangerous condition at the tire.
- the transmitter/detector 106 may also be pointed directly at the tire such that the amount of reflected radiation would vary with a change in curvature of the tire to again provide an indication of a potentially dangerous or in-fact dangerous condition at the tire. It is possible to use other energy intensive media, such as ultra-sound, in this same way.
Abstract
Description
Claims (25)
Priority Applications (1)
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US06/737,424 US4717905A (en) | 1985-05-24 | 1985-05-24 | Warning system including means for remotely energizing condition sensing device |
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US06/737,424 US4717905A (en) | 1985-05-24 | 1985-05-24 | Warning system including means for remotely energizing condition sensing device |
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US4717905A true US4717905A (en) | 1988-01-05 |
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US06/737,424 Expired - Lifetime US4717905A (en) | 1985-05-24 | 1985-05-24 | Warning system including means for remotely energizing condition sensing device |
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Cited By (78)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5109213A (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1992-04-28 | Williams John J | Tire pressure monitor |
EP0505906A1 (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-09-30 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire having an integrated circuit transponder and pressure transducer |
EP0505905A1 (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-09-30 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Integrated circuit transponder with coil antenna in a pneumatic tire for use in tire identification |
US5231872A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1993-08-03 | Ttc/Truck Tech Corp. | Tire monitoring apparatus and method |
US5274355A (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1993-12-28 | Louis Galan | System for monitoring pressure and temperature of pneumatic tires on a moving vehicle |
US5433115A (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1995-07-18 | Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. | Contactless interrogation of sensors for smart structures |
US5440300A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1995-08-08 | Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. | Smart structure with non-contact power and data interface |
US5473938A (en) * | 1993-08-03 | 1995-12-12 | Mclaughlin Electronics | Method and system for monitoring a parameter of a vehicle tire |
US5483827A (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1996-01-16 | Computer Methods Corporation | Active integrated circuit transponder and sensor apparatus for sensing and transmitting vehicle tire parameter data |
US5500065A (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1996-03-19 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method for embedding a monitoring device within a tire during manufacture |
US5515041A (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1996-05-07 | Simmonds Precision Products Inc. | Composite shaft monitoring system |
US5540092A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-07-30 | Handfield; Michael | System and method for monitoring a pneumatic tire |
US5559484A (en) * | 1991-05-14 | 1996-09-24 | Epic Technologies, Inc. | Data logging tire monitor with condition predictive capabilities and integrity checking |
US5581248A (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1996-12-03 | Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. | Embeddable device for contactless interrogation of sensors for smart structures |
US5602540A (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1997-02-11 | Simmonds Precision Products Inc. | Fluid gauging apparatus with inductive interrogation |
US5661651A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1997-08-26 | Prince Corporation | Wireless vehicle parameter monitoring system |
US5708411A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1998-01-13 | D H Products, Llc | Tire monitoring system, device and method |
WO1998006078A1 (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 1998-02-12 | Semisystems, Inc. | Vehicular data collection and transmission system and method |
US5731754A (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1998-03-24 | Computer Methods Corporation | Transponder and sensor apparatus for sensing and transmitting vehicle tire parameter data |
US5774047A (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1998-06-30 | Hensel, Iv; Frederick William | Tire pressure sensing system including improved switch and location indicator |
US5790016A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1998-08-04 | Algonquin Scientific, Llc | Tire pressure sensing system |
US5824891A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1998-10-20 | Ssi Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for effiviently phase modulating a subcarrier signal for an inductively coupled transponder |
US5960844A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-10-05 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring conditions of a vehicle tire |
US5977870A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-11-02 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method and apparatus for transmitting stored data and engineering conditions of a tire to a remote location |
FR2778980A1 (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 1999-11-26 | Valeo Securite Habitacle | Electromagnetic device having wireless position sensors for use with a vehicle central locking system |
US6087930A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 2000-07-11 | Computer Methods Corporation | Active integrated circuit transponder and sensor apparatus for transmitting vehicle tire parameter data |
US6124787A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 2000-09-26 | Algonquin Scientific, Llc | Tire pressure sensing system |
US6192746B1 (en) | 1999-04-29 | 2001-02-27 | Bridgestone/Firestone Research, Inc. | Apparatus and method of providing electrical power to an active electronic device embedded within a tire |
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