US4728432A - Method for decontaminating blood - Google Patents
Method for decontaminating blood Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4728432A US4728432A US06/863,470 US86347086A US4728432A US 4728432 A US4728432 A US 4728432A US 86347086 A US86347086 A US 86347086A US 4728432 A US4728432 A US 4728432A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- adsorbent
- membrane
- support
- porous
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3679—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits by absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/106—Membranes in the pores of a support, e.g. polymerized in the pores or voids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/107—Organic support material
- B01D69/1071—Woven, non-woven or net mesh
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/108—Inorganic support material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28026—Particles within, immobilised, dispersed, entrapped in or on a matrix, e.g. a resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28052—Several layers of identical or different sorbents stacked in a housing, e.g. in a column
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
- B01D2311/2626—Absorption or adsorption
Definitions
- This invention relates to an adsorber for hemoperfusion to remove soluble poisonous substances contained in blood by means of adsorption.
- Another means of decontamination is to bring an adsorbent into direct contact with blood to adsorb poisonous substances, allowing various poisonous substances to be removed from blood if the type of adsorbent is selected properly.
- the adsorption of poisonous substances contained in blood is carried out by liquid phase adsorption.
- it is desir-able to use an adsorbent in the form of powder or fine particles having a large surface area, because substances have a smaller diffusion velocity in the liquid phase than in the gaseous phase, and the adsorption velocity is consequently dependent on the surface area of the adsorbent.
- a method of using a particulate adsorbent coated with a thin layer of a high-molecular weight material has been proposed in Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 3944/1980 and 27090/1981. This method is still inadequate because poisonous substances are transformed so slowly into the adsorbent that a satisfactory adsorption velocity can hardly be expected.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an adsorber which exhibits significant adsorption velocity and does not allow the adsorbent to intrude into the human body.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an adsorber having an excellent compatability with blood.
- a further object is to provide an adsorber ensuring little pressure loss on the adsorber layer when the blood flows thereacross.
- a still further object is to provide an adsorber for hemoperfusion to remove soluble poisonous substances contained in blood by means of adsorption.
- the adsorber of this invention consists of a 10 to 400 (micron) thick porous membrane containing an adsorbent in the form of powder or fine particles and a support.
- the support is used to increase the strength of the whole adsorber, so that the adsorber can assure a practically sufficient strength, even when the high-molecular weight material for fixing the adsorbent is used in a decreased amount.
- a high adsorption velocity can be obtained because the high-molecular weight material is used in a small amount.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a front view of an embodiment of the support used for the adsorber of this invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the cross section of the support shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is an example of the components of hemoperfusion equipment having a built-in adsorber according to this invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross section of the assembly of the components of FIG. 3.
- the adsorbents which can be used in this invention are, for example, activated carbon, porous resins, porous alumina, porous silica, porous glass, ion exchange resins, etc. These adsorbents should be selected properly, depending on the substances which are to be removed from blood by adsorption.
- the adsorbent has to be in the form of powder or fine particles, whereby a high adsorption velocity can be obtained.
- the suitable average particle diameter of the adsorbent is 10 to 100 ⁇ .
- the support of this invention is used for fixing the adsorbent. It may be in the form of film, sheet, mesh, woven cloth, nonwoven cloth or any other form, preferably one comprising a net or having ruggedness on its surface as to keep the blood ciculating under good condition.
- the most desirable support is one having a net structure and consisting of thick particulate portions and thin linear portions.
- the adsorber is used in multiple layers.
- the superposed adsorber layers, each of which is provided with a support having a structure as described above, will retain a suitable space between one another without clinging to each other, so that the entire adsorber will admit the blood in a uniform flow, whereby a high adsorption velocity can be obtained and the pressure loss can be minimized.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an enlarged front view of the support
- FIG. 2 is a section along line A--A of the support in FIG. 1.
- 1 is a thick particulate portion
- 2 is a thin linear portion.
- the thick portions should have a thickness ranging from 40 to 500 ⁇ and the thin portions from 3 to 30 ⁇ .
- the net structure should have a void content ranging from 30 to 80%. If the void content is smaller than 30%, the pressure loss will increase, while if it is greater than 80%, the amount of the adsorbent to be fixed will decrease.
- the diameter of the thick portions is preferably in the range from 50 to 1,000 ⁇ , and the width of the thin portions from 5 to 500 ⁇ , although these dimensions need not be particularly specified.
- the thick portions should be present in a density of 10 to 200/cm 2 .
- the above-mentioned support can be prepared by known methods. For instance, the method set forth in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 38977/1979 is convenient for the present purpose.
- the support thus prepared is scattered with polygonal or circular thick portions, from which thin portions are extended radially and connected to thick portions (see FIG. 1).
- the materials for the support are, for example, high-molecular weight substances such as polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyester and cellulose, metals and ceramics; above all, high-molecular weight substances are advantageous in respect to their handling characteristics and easy processability. Moreover, it is desirable for the support to have a tensile strength of 0.2 kg/cm or greater in practical use.
- the adsorber of this invention consists of a porous membrane containing an adsorbent in the form of powder or fine particles which is fixed on the support.
- This adsorber can be prepared by the known method of producing porous membranes as follows: a polymer solution containing the adsorbent dispersed therein is applied to the support by means of flowcasting, dipping, coating or spraying, and the dispersion is then placed into contct with a non-solvent (i.e. a liquid in which the dispersion is substantially insoluble) for solidifying the polymer and extracting the solvent. The porous membrane containing the adsorbent is then fixed on the support.
- a non-solvent i.e. a liquid in which the dispersion is substantially insoluble
- the adsorber by applying a molten polymer, containing the adsorbent and extractable additives dispersed therein, to the support, solidifying the polymer, and subsequently extracting the additives, thereby providing a porous structure.
- the polymers capable of forming a porous membrane are, for example, polyurethane, polysulfone, polystyrene, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate and cellulose.
- the content of the adsorbent in the adsorber is not particularly specified, normally it should be in the range from 30 to 70 wt %, in view of the fact that its adsorption capacity will decrease when its content is too low, and that fine particles will increasingly occur when its content is too high.
- the porous membrane fixed on the support is required to have a thickness ranging from 10 to 400 ⁇ .
- the membrane thickness is greater than 400 ⁇ , the adsorbent will not be dispersed uniformly inside the porous membrane, so that its density distribution will become uneven in some portions of the adsorber. As a result, the diffusion of the adsorbed substances inside will become slower, and both the adsorption velocity and the adsorption capacity will decrease.
- the membrane thickness is smaller than 10 ⁇ , the membrane strength will decrease, and it is possible that the membrane will be injured while in use. Such damage to the membrane would allow the adsorbent to be mixed with the blood and flow into the body, and could cause blood platelets to adhere to the surface of the adsorber.
- the membrane thickness herein means the thickness on one side of the support in cases where the support is in the form of a film or a sheet and the porous membrane is fixed on one side or both sides of the support. However, in cases where the support has a net structure and the porous membrane has both sides linked across the net, the membrane thickness means the overall thickness.
- the adsorber of this invention is used by rolling or superposing it into multiple layers and housing it in a vessel having an inlet and an outlet for the blood.
- the adsorber may be contacted with the whole blood or with plasma or serum alone.
- the adsorber of the present invention is especially useful in removing soluble poisonous substances contained in the blood such as creatinine, uric acid, urea and protein-bound substances such as bilirubin, by hemoperfusion.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing the disassembled components of a hemoperfusion device using the adsorber of this invention, prior to assembly in a housing vessel (not shown).
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the assembled equipment.
- 3 is a rolled adsorber containing an adsorbent in the form of powder or fine particles fixed on a mesh support
- 4 is an elastomer provided on both ends of said adsorber
- 5 is an end support provided on both sides of the elastomer to hold the adosrber and the elastomer
- 6 is a vessel to house items 3-5
- 7 is a core.
- the elastomer is provided to protect the end portions of the adsorber, and has a porous structure so as not to interfere with the blood passage. More precisely, it can be an open-cell foam consisting of a high-molecular weight material such as polyurethane or silicone. Since the device is provided with the elastomer, the fine adsorbent particles can be prevented to a large extent from exiting from the end portions of the adsorber and they can therefore serve effectively for hemoperfusion.
- the elastomer should be circular, oval, square or oblong in shape, corresponding to the shape of the end portion of the adsorber.
- the elastomer is provided with an end support on both sides.
- the end support should consist of a rigid material and have a structure for holding the adsorber and the elastomer entirely and creating space for blood passage, such as porous board or a structure shown in FIG. 1.
- the end support enables the elastomer to uniformly adhere to the entire end portion of the adsorber, so that the elastomer will be effective across its entire surface.
- the support is preferably made of a plastic material such as polyethylene, polypropylene or polycarbonate. Alternatively, metals or ceramics may be used.
- the hemoperfusion device is thus built by assembling the above-mentioned adsorber, elastomer and end support and housing them in the vessel having an inlet and an outlet for the blood.
- the housing vessel 6 is provided with a blood inlet 8 and outlet 9.
- the vessel can be made of various plastic materials such as polystyrene, polypropylene or polycarbonate, metals, glass, ceramics, etc., and may be composed of two or more portions as necessary.
- the hemoperfusion device should be sterilized prior to use, by means of steam or ⁇ ray irradiation.
- the membrane was then dipped in water, so as to extract the tetrahydrofuran contained therein. It was further freed of the solvent completely by dipping in hot water at 80° C. to give an adsorber having a 200 ⁇ thick porous membrane.
- the adsorber thus obtained had an activated carbon content of 65%, with a lot of fine holes, 1-6 ⁇ in diameter, on the polyurethane layer.
- an adsorber having a 500 ⁇ thick porous membrane was prepared using a polypropylene mesh support by the same method as described above.
- the 200 ⁇ thick adsorber in this invention exhibited an adsorption rate close to that of powdery activated carbon.
- the 500 thick porous membrane afforded a rate of adsorption which was only about a half of the value obtained with the 200 ⁇ thick membrane, and it is evident that the adsorptivity is affected greatly by the thickness of porous membrane.
- the membrane was then dipped in water so as to extract the tetrahydrofuran contained therein. It was further freed of the solvent completely by dipping in hot water at 80° C. to give an adsorber.
- the adsorber thus obtained had an activated carbon content of 65%, with alot of fine holes, 1 ⁇ 6 ⁇ in diameter, on the polyurethane layer. About 40 m of this adsorber was rolled, and a hemoperfusion column was prepared therewith as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the adsorber housed in the column contained about 80 g of activated carbon.
- the whole blood of dogs was passed through this hemoperfusion column at a flow rate of 50 ml/min, and its pressure was observed at the inlet and the outlet of the column.
- the pressure diference, i.e. pressure loss in this case was found to be 15 mmHg. Such a small pressure loss will not cause hemolysis.
- the pressure loss observed in the case of a commercially available hemoperfusion column packed with granular activated carbon reached as high as 100 mmHg.
- the adsorber in this invention can be used safely for hemoperfusion.
Abstract
Description
TABLE 1 ______________________________________ Bilirubin concentration (mg/d) before after Adsorption adsorption adsorption rate % ______________________________________ Adsorber (200 thick) 10.5 4.7 55.2 Adsorber (500 thick) " 8.0 23.5 Powdery activated carbon " 3.3 68.6 Granular activated carbon " 9.5 9.5 ______________________________________
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57137914A JPS5928972A (en) | 1982-08-10 | 1982-08-10 | Adsorbing body for purifying blood and production thereof |
JP57-137914 | 1982-08-10 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06667410 Continuation-In-Part | 1984-11-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4728432A true US4728432A (en) | 1988-03-01 |
Family
ID=15209628
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/863,470 Expired - Fee Related US4728432A (en) | 1982-08-10 | 1986-05-14 | Method for decontaminating blood |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4728432A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0105579B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5928972A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3368870D1 (en) |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4952323A (en) * | 1986-07-07 | 1990-08-28 | Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | B2 microglobulin adsorbent |
US5091080A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-02-25 | Bend Research, Inc. | Adsorbents for the removal of volatile substances from aqueous systems |
US5240687A (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1993-08-31 | Union Oil Company Of California | Brine treatment |
WO1995016348A1 (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-06-22 | Baxter International Inc. | Method and apparatus for treating a body fluid |
US5437861A (en) * | 1993-03-16 | 1995-08-01 | Applied Immune Sciences, Inc. | Removal of selected factors from whole blood or its components; and prevention and treatment of septic shock syndrome |
US5523096A (en) * | 1993-03-16 | 1996-06-04 | Applied Immune Sciences, Inc. | Removal of selected factors from whole blood or its components |
US5817046A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1998-10-06 | Delcath Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for isolated pelvic perfusion |
US5919163A (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-07-06 | Delcath Systems, Inc. | Catheter with slidable balloon |
WO2000002638A1 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-20 | Baxter International Inc. | Composite membranes and methods for making such membranes |
US6099734A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-08-08 | Baxter International Inc. | Apparatus, membranes and methods for removing organic compounds from a biological fluid |
US6174299B1 (en) * | 1991-09-09 | 2001-01-16 | Harvey B. Pollard | Method for treating hemophilia A and B and AIDS and devices used therein |
US6186146B1 (en) | 1996-08-30 | 2001-02-13 | Delcath Systems Inc | Cancer treatment method |
US20010018179A1 (en) | 1998-01-06 | 2001-08-30 | Derek J. Hei | Batch devices for the reduction of compounds from biological compositions containing cells and methods of use |
US6348309B1 (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 2002-02-19 | Blutspendedienst Der Landesverbaende Des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes Niedersachsen, Oldenburg Und Bremen G.G.M.B.H. | Process for inactivating viruses in blood and blood products |
US6416671B1 (en) * | 1993-06-08 | 2002-07-09 | Cortex Biochem, Inc. | Methods for removing hazardous organic molecules from liquid waste |
US20020115585A1 (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 2002-08-22 | Hei Derek J. | Method and devices for the removal of psoralens from blood products |
US6544727B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2003-04-08 | Cerus Corporation | Methods and devices for the removal of psoralens from blood products |
WO2003078023A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2003-09-25 | Baxter International Inc. | Compound removal device |
US6951713B2 (en) | 1997-01-06 | 2005-10-04 | Cerus Corporation | Absorbing pathogen-inactivating compounds with porous particles immobilized in a matrix |
US20060093999A1 (en) * | 1998-01-06 | 2006-05-04 | Hei Derek J | Adsorbing pathogen-inactivating compounds with porous particles immobilized in a matrix |
WO2010082064A3 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-10-14 | Brightwake Limited | Extracorporeal blood filtration |
US20120228214A1 (en) * | 2011-03-13 | 2012-09-13 | Porous Power Technologies | Filled Porous Membrane |
CN106563183A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2017-04-19 | 江苏博发生物科技有限公司 | Blood purification filter for removing bilirubin |
CN112675820A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-04-20 | 佛山市博新生物科技有限公司 | Blood purification membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
CN114100589A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-03-01 | 河南省驼人医疗科技有限公司 | Method for modifying blood perfusion resin adsorbent for acute and chronic poisoning of medicine |
CN114699584A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-05 | 四川大学 | Self-anticoagulation double-layer porous aramid fiber blood perfusion device and application thereof |
Families Citing this family (11)
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DE3422494A1 (en) * | 1984-06-16 | 1985-12-19 | B. Braun Melsungen Ag, 3508 Melsungen | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SPECIFIC ADSORPTION OF HEPARIN |
US4840265A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1989-06-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Maki Seisakusho | Object distributing and supplying method and apparatus |
ES2052007T3 (en) * | 1988-07-06 | 1994-07-01 | Eastman Kodak Co | THE SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF A CHEMICAL SPECIES FROM A FLUID. |
DE68914048T2 (en) * | 1988-07-06 | 1994-10-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Separation from a flow space for fluid-forming elements. |
US5240601A (en) * | 1988-11-09 | 1993-08-31 | Chembiomed, Ltd. | Affinity supports for hemoperfusion |
US5149425A (en) * | 1988-11-09 | 1992-09-22 | Chembiomed, Ltd. | Affinity supports for hemoperfusion |
US5030352A (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1991-07-09 | Purdue Research Foundation | Coated media for chromatography |
GB9017655D0 (en) * | 1990-08-11 | 1990-09-26 | Kodak Ltd | Apparatus for the selective removal of chemical species from a fluid |
FR2735790B1 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1997-07-25 | Inst Textile De France | PROCESS FOR ADSORBING ANTI-MICROBIAL AGENTS CONTAINED IN A BIOLOGICAL LIQUID AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
US5911883A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-06-15 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Flow-by solid phase extraction method |
CA2879972A1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-01-16 | Fosmo Med, Inc | Devices using membrane mediated forward osmosis |
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GB1577714A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1980-10-29 | Univ Strathclyde | Blood purification module |
DE2705734C3 (en) * | 1977-02-11 | 1982-04-22 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Dialysis membrane for hemodialysis |
SE441143B (en) * | 1976-09-02 | 1985-09-16 | Hoechst Ag | MEMBRANE UNIT AND DEVICE FOR DISPOSAL OF BLOOD METABOLITES |
GB1603865A (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1981-12-02 | Smith & Nephew Plastics | Production of net |
-
1982
- 1982-08-10 JP JP57137914A patent/JPS5928972A/en active Pending
-
1983
- 1983-08-04 EP EP83304513A patent/EP0105579B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-04 DE DE8383304513T patent/DE3368870D1/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-05-14 US US06/863,470 patent/US4728432A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US3238056A (en) * | 1961-03-27 | 1966-03-01 | Pall Corp | Microporous materials and process of making the same |
US3800945A (en) * | 1971-11-26 | 1974-04-02 | Cata Sep Inc | Cell having catalytic action for coalescing oil droplets |
US3983053A (en) * | 1973-07-05 | 1976-09-28 | The University Of Strathclyde | Coated adsorbent materials |
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Cited By (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0105579A1 (en) | 1984-04-18 |
EP0105579B1 (en) | 1987-01-07 |
DE3368870D1 (en) | 1987-02-12 |
JPS5928972A (en) | 1984-02-15 |
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