US473195A - George meyer - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

G. MEYER. GOMMUTATOR BRUSH. 110.473,195, Patented Apr. 19, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

GEORGE MEYER, OE INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO FRED L. MCGAHAN, OF SAME PLACE.

COMMUTATOR-BRUSH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 473,195, dated April 19, 1892.

Application filed .I une 6, 1891.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE MEYER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in CommutatorBrushes, of which the following is a specifica-tion.

My said invention consists in an improved construction of commutator-brushes or current-collectors for dynamo-electric machines or motors, whereby a brush is provided which is adapted for long continuous use and is possessed of sufficient electrical conductivity to render it efficient in use, and, further, one which is constructed to have various and independent points of contact with the com1nutator flexibly secured and so arranged that the breaking or interruption of one will in no way affect the perfect contact of the others, thus reducing the waste and interruption of the current and the sparking and heat hetween the parts to a minimum, all as will be hereinafter more particularly described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof, and on which similar letters of reference indicate similar parts, Figure l is a View in elevation showing the end of an armature, the commutator thereon with the brush-holders secured in position an d carrying brushes of my improved construction; Fig. 2, an end elevation of the brush, and Fig. 3 a central longitudinal seetion through the same.

The commutator and the arm supporting the brush-holders are of any usual or desired construction and arrangement and need no special description herein. Therefore in said drawings the portions marked A represent the brush-holder, and B the pencils compris ing the bruslrpoints.

The holder A is a casting of any suitable metal, preferably copper, mounted in the end of the arm secured to the commutator in an ordinary manner, being insulated therefrom, as shown, and provided with a contact-washer u, with which the line-wire l is coupled, as usual. Said casting is provided with a rearwardly-projecting wing on its upper edge. In its main portion it has a series of perforations of a sufficient size to receive the pencils Serial No. 395,375. (No model.)

B and permit them to move therein. Behind each of said perforations is formed a smaller perforation or socket in said rearwardly-projecting wing, in which a rod or standard A', having a cap d' on its upper end, is firmly secured.

The pencils B consist of metal and carbon combined, the metal being of a proportion sufficient to lessen the resistance to the degree required to secure the best results. They are preferably constructed with metal centers (usually copper rods ZJ) surrounded by carbon, and are loosely mounted in the perforations in the holder. Each of said pencils has a yoke B secured thereon a short distance above the upper edge of the holder, said yoke being formed with a perforation for the carbon and another by which it is mounted loosely on the standard A', a spring A2 being interposed between said yoke and the cap a on said standard, which thus normally tends to force said pencil down and hold it into close contact with the commutator. Each of the copper rods Z2 extends up through the carbon pencil and has a metallic cap b screwed thereon, which cap is formed with a downwardly-extending flange which embraces the top end of the carbon. To the top of each of said caps a wire B2 is secured which connects with a point on the face of the holder below, thus forming a path back to said holder for that portion of the current which passes through said rod to its upper end. As will be readily understood, the pencil might be composed of acarbon center in a metal shell, if preferred, as shown at the right in Fig. 3, and in such a construction the wire B2 would not be required, as the yoke B', heilig securely clamped to such pencil and mounted on a standard A', as shown, would furnish a sufficient electrical connection between the holder and pencil.

In operation said brushes are arranged onl substantially opposite sides of the commutator, and the pencils are in a position at substantially right angles with the surface with which they contact, being held into close contact by the springs A2. By this arrangement it will be found that the causes which usually effect breaks in the contact between the commutator and brush and thus cause sparking,

IOC

a Waste of the current, and a burning out of the parts will not at any time disturb the contact of more than'one of the pencils with the commutator, thus securing the highest possible efficiency of the brush andv preventing any appreciable irregularities in the current. By forming the pencils partly of carbon and partly of metal the friction between the parts and the consequent heat and wear is lessened to a minimum, while its conductivity is not materially impaired.

I am aware that carbon and metal have heretofore been used in combination in the construction of commutator-brushes, and I therefore limit myself to the particular construction and arrangement as herein described and claimed. l

Having thus fully described my said invention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A conlmutator-brush consisting of a holder having a series of independently-movable pencils therein, each of which is composed of a center surrounded by a shell, one of which parts is carbon and the other of which is metal, said two component materials extending to and forming the points of saidv pencils which contact with the commutator, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination,in acommutator-brush, of the holder provided with a series of perforations and a series of corresponding sockets alongside said perforations, standards secu red in said sockets, pencils forming the contactpoints of the brush mounted to move in saidperforations, a yoke secured to each of said pencils and mounted to slide on the adjacent standard, and a spring interposed between said yoke and a suitable reston said standard.

8. A commutator-brush consisting of the holder, a series of pencils secured therein, composed of a metal rod surrounded by carbon, and a wire running from the upper end of' each of said rods to the holder, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, in a com mutator-brush, of the holder formed with a series of perforations and a series of sockets alongside said perforations, standards secured in said sockets, pencils composed of a metal center and a carbon outside mounted in each of said perforations, a yoke secured on each of said pencils and mounted to slide on the adjacent standard, a spring interposed between said yoke and a bearing on said standard, and a wire running from the upper end of each of the pencils down and connected to the holder, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, at Indianapolis, Indiana, this 2d day of June, A. DASS-)1.

GEORGE MEYER. [n s]

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