US4910139A - Method for continuously producing citric acid by dual hollow fiber membrane bioreactor - Google Patents
Method for continuously producing citric acid by dual hollow fiber membrane bioreactor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4910139A US4910139A US07/226,718 US22671888A US4910139A US 4910139 A US4910139 A US 4910139A US 22671888 A US22671888 A US 22671888A US 4910139 A US4910139 A US 4910139A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- citric acid
- hollow fiber
- bioreactor
- fiber membrane
- culture medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M25/00—Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings
- C12M25/10—Hollow fibers or tubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/16—Hollow fibers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/44—Polycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/48—Tricarboxylic acids, e.g. citric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
- C12R2001/66—Aspergillus
- C12R2001/685—Aspergillus niger
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/8215—Microorganisms
- Y10S435/911—Microorganisms using fungi
- Y10S435/913—Aspergillus
- Y10S435/917—Aspergillus niger
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the method for producing citric acid on a continuous basis, after fixing Aspergillus niger B60 as mildews, in a dual hollow fiber membrane bioreactor.
- citric acid is commonly produced by fermentation, 20 percent of them is produced by surface culture and remaining 80 percent by submerged culture (Sodeck et al., Proc. Biochem. Oct./Nov., 9, 1981).
- methods according to the prior art are batch operation which have a disadvantage of lower productivity in comparison with continuous operation according to present invention.
- As the existing continuous methods improved on the batch method there are (1) a method utilizing a fermenter equipped with an agitator (Kristiansen and Sinclair, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 21, 297, 1979), (2) a method utilizing air-lift reactor after fixing Aspergillus niger mycelium to alginate bead (Vaija et al., Appl. Biochem.
- the method according to the present invention has overcome the above described difficulties by utilizing dual hollowfiber membrane bioreactor, and obtained higher citric acid concentrations than the batch operation as well as higher productivity.
- cells are separated from the product by a membrane between them so that eliminate primary purification process which is essential in the ordinary fermentation process. Therefore, the present invention has processwise advantage saving considerable amount of energy required for aeration and agitation in the case of ordinary fermentation.
- a dual hollow fiber membrane type biological bioreactor had been made by modifying the existing hollowfiber membrane bioreactor for the culture of aerobic bacteria.
- Robertson and Kim inserted three silicone tubes into a polypropylene hollowfiber membrane to supply liquid nutrients outside the polypropylene membrane, while oxygen into silicon tubes. Culturing Aerobic Streptomyces aureofaciens bacteria between them they carried out the researches related to continuous production of tetracycline (Robertson and Kim, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 27, 1012, 1985).
- the inventors of the present invention have achieved successfully continuous production of rifamycin B at a first time by utilizing the bioreactor, unlike the bioreactor used by Robertson and Kim, which comprises a silicone tube for supplying oxygen to its outside, and three polypropylene hollow fiber membranes inserted into the silicone tube for feeding liquid nutrients, and Nocardia mediterranei is cultured between the tubes (Chan et al., ACS Symp. Ser. 314, 32, 1986).
- the present invention is related to a method of producing citric acid on a continuous basis by utilizing the bioreactor developed by the present inventors and the details of the method will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a dual hollow fiber membrane bioreactor
- FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of a double fine-tube reactor used in the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional microphotograph of the cross section of a dual hollow fiber membrane bioreactor and after the culture of cells.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a dual hollowfiber membrane of the bioreactor according to the present invention.
- three polypropylene hollowfiber membranes (2) are inside a silicone tube (1), while Aspergillus niger B60 (5) is contained in the space between the silicon tube (1) and three polypropylene hollowfiber membrane (2).
- FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the dual hollow fiber membrane bioreactor (10) which is used in the present invention.
- the dual hollow fiber membranes of FIG. 1, where polypropylene tubes (2) are longer than the silicone tube (1) are laid in a glass tube (6) in parallel and then the ends of the silicone tube (1) and polypropylene fine tubes (2) are fixed with silicone rubber (7) respectively.
- an oxygen supply inlet (3a) is provided at one end of the silicone tube (1) while an air vent (3b) is provided at the other end.
- a three-way valve (9) is provided between one end of the silicone tube (1) and polypropylene fine tubes (2) and a culture strain inlet (8) on the other side.
- One end of the glass tube is fitted with a liquid culture medium inlet (4a) while a culture medium and product citric acid outlet (4b) is fitted on the other side.
- liquid culture medium (4) is fed in the direction of a liquid culture medium and citric acid discharge outlet (4b) through a liquid culture medium inlet (4a), while oxygen (3) is supplied in the direction of an air vent (3b) from an oxygen feed inlet (3a).
- the concentration of cells in the bioreactor (10) is equalized by alternately changing the feeding direction of liquid culture medium by means of a three-way valve (9). After the growth of cells comes to an end, the liquid culture medium deficient in nitrogen source is supplied to ensure stable operation of the bioreactor and also higher productivity.
- the polypropylene fine tubes used in the fabrication of the bioreactor in the present invention where Enka items of Germany, measuring 0.033 cm in inner diameter and 0.063 cm in outer diameter, with pore sizes ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 ⁇ m.
- the silicone tube was Dow Corning product of the United States, with its inner diameter is 0.147 cm and outer diameter 0.196 cm. Eight double fine tubes were laid in a glass tube of 0.8 cm inner diameter, and the length of their possible contact with oxygen was 16 cm.
- the scope of the present invention is not limited to the bioreactor used herein. That is, materials other than silicone and polypropylene can be used in the fabrication of a bioreactor and its structure can be also diverse depending upon the specification of fine tubes to be used, the number of fine tubes to be inserted can be widely adjusted.
- FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional microphotograph showing the cross section of a dual hollow fiber membrane before (left) and after (right) the culture of cells. As shown in the microphotograph, Aspergillus niger B60 is cultured in high concentration in the space between the silicone tube (1) and polypropylene hollow fiber membrane (2) by feeding oxygen and liquid culture medium.
- Aspergillus niger B60 was inoculated to a 500-ml triangular flask containing 100 ml of liquid culture medium (Composition: sugar 6 g, NH 4 NO 3 0.25 g, KH 2 PO 4 0.1 g, MgSO 4 .7H 2 O 0.025 g, pH 3.1) to be adjusted to an initial spore concentration of 10 7 -10 8 spores per 100 ml and then it was cultured in a shaking incubator at 300 rpm and 30° C.
- liquid culture medium Composition: sugar 6 g, NH 4 NO 3 0.25 g, KH 2 PO 4 0.1 g, MgSO 4 .7H 2 O 0.025 g, pH 3.1
- citric acid was measured by the method of Marier and Boulet (Marier and Boulet, J. Dairy Sci., 41, 1683, 1958), while sugar concentration was determined by the method of Dobois and others for the total sugar concentration in culture medium (Dubois et al., Anal. Chem. 28, 350, 1956) on the basis of cane sugar and found that 18 g/liter of citric acid was produced, with its yield and productivity standing at 40 percent and 0.06 g/liter hour, respectively.
- the polypropylene fine tubes (2) of FIG. 2 were dipped in 50% ethanol and sterilized with 5% formalin and then sufficiently washed with sterilized distilled water, after then, Aspergillus niger B60 cultured in a shaking incubator for seven days was inoculated in the space between the silicone tube (1) and polypropylene fine tubes (2) through a culture strain inlet (8) as shown in FIG. 2. It was supplied with oxygen in the direction of an air vent (3b) from an oxygen inlet (3a) at 28°-30° C. for 10 days, while the liquid culture medium as used in the comparative example was fed in the direction of a citric acid discharge outlet (4b) from a liquid culture medium inlet (4a), to cultivate the cells in high concentration. The feeding direction of liquid culture medium was alternately changed by means of three way valve to equalize the concentration of cells in the bioreactor.
- the product was collected from a citric acid outlet (4b), while continuously feeding the culture medium deficient in NH 4 NO 3 and the collected citric acid was measured.
- the product was 6.5 g/liter at the flow rate of 2 ml/hour. Its productivity was 1.62 g/liter hour, and 27 times of the comparative example.
Abstract
Description
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR870009944A KR890005273A (en) | 1987-09-09 | 1987-09-09 | Continuous production method of citric acid by double tube reactor |
KR1987-9944 | 1987-09-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4910139A true US4910139A (en) | 1990-03-20 |
Family
ID=19264327
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/226,718 Expired - Lifetime US4910139A (en) | 1987-09-09 | 1988-08-01 | Method for continuously producing citric acid by dual hollow fiber membrane bioreactor |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4910139A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6471494A (en) |
KR (1) | KR890005273A (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5045459A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1991-09-03 | Haarmann & Reimer Corp. | Method for the production of granular citric acid |
US5104799A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1992-04-14 | Haarmann & Reimer | Method for the production of granular citric acid and salts thereof |
US5149643A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1992-09-22 | Haarmann & Beimer | Method for the production of granular citric acid and salts thereof |
US5164081A (en) * | 1989-03-24 | 1992-11-17 | The Standard Oil Company | Apparatus for separation and for treatment of fluid feedstreams, wafers for use therein and related methods |
US5174900A (en) * | 1989-03-24 | 1992-12-29 | The Standard Oil Company | Apparatus for separation and for treatment of fluid feedstreams, wafers for use therein and related methods |
US20020146430A1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-10-10 | Galen James E. | Use of ClyA hemolysin for excretion of proteins |
US20060293261A1 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-28 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Clarithromycin or a salt thereof for the treatment or prevention of pulmonary disorders caused by the destruction of pulmonary alveoli |
US20070122904A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2007-05-31 | Unisearch Limited | Method and apparatus for culturing cells |
WO2009149083A2 (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | University Of Maryland, Baltimore | Non-hemolytic clya for excretion of proteins |
US20100159555A1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2010-06-24 | Synexa Life Sciences (Proprietary) Limited | Production of secondary metabolites using capillary membranes |
US9677042B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2017-06-13 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Customizable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US11624046B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-04-11 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US11629332B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-04-18 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US11667881B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2023-06-06 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Scheduled feed |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02255079A (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-10-15 | Shimadzu Corp | Cell culture apparatus |
JPH02276565A (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1990-11-13 | Japanese Res & Dev Assoc Bio Reactor Syst Food Ind | Apparatus for continuous enzymic reaction |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU907072A1 (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1982-02-23 | Ленинградский межотраслевой научно-исследовательский институт пищевой промышленности | Method for preparing citric acid |
FR2507500A1 (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1982-12-17 | Dumont Engineering Et Cie Sa | Rotary agitator - aerator partic for prodn. of metabolites etc. - using rotor contg. air compressing piston reciprocated by eccentric |
-
1987
- 1987-09-09 KR KR870009944A patent/KR890005273A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-11-09 JP JP62282943A patent/JPS6471494A/en active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-08-01 US US07/226,718 patent/US4910139A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU907072A1 (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1982-02-23 | Ленинградский межотраслевой научно-исследовательский институт пищевой промышленности | Method for preparing citric acid |
FR2507500A1 (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1982-12-17 | Dumont Engineering Et Cie Sa | Rotary agitator - aerator partic for prodn. of metabolites etc. - using rotor contg. air compressing piston reciprocated by eccentric |
Non-Patent Citations (16)
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Biotech, 85-02469, Mahala et al., World Biotech Rep., 1984, 2, A129-140. |
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Derwent Abs., 81 00326D/01, Blain et al., GB 1581832, (12 1980). * |
Derwent Abs., 81-00326D/01, Blain et al., GB 1581832, (12-1980). |
Derwent Abstract, 82 64080E/31, Eysmond Fr 2496122, (6 82). * |
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Cited By (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5164081A (en) * | 1989-03-24 | 1992-11-17 | The Standard Oil Company | Apparatus for separation and for treatment of fluid feedstreams, wafers for use therein and related methods |
US5174900A (en) * | 1989-03-24 | 1992-12-29 | The Standard Oil Company | Apparatus for separation and for treatment of fluid feedstreams, wafers for use therein and related methods |
US5045459A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1991-09-03 | Haarmann & Reimer Corp. | Method for the production of granular citric acid |
US5104799A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1992-04-14 | Haarmann & Reimer | Method for the production of granular citric acid and salts thereof |
US5149643A (en) * | 1990-10-05 | 1992-09-22 | Haarmann & Beimer | Method for the production of granular citric acid and salts thereof |
US20070122904A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2007-05-31 | Unisearch Limited | Method and apparatus for culturing cells |
US20020146430A1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-10-10 | Galen James E. | Use of ClyA hemolysin for excretion of proteins |
US7056700B2 (en) | 2000-11-22 | 2006-06-06 | University Of Maryland | Use of ClyA hemolysin for excretion of proteins |
US20060147461A1 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2006-07-06 | University Of Maryland, Baltimore | Use of ClyA hemolysin for excretion of proteins |
US7459161B2 (en) | 2000-11-22 | 2008-12-02 | University Of Maryland, Baltimore | Methods for eliciting an immune response using cytolysin and hemolysin fusion proteins |
US20060293261A1 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-28 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Clarithromycin or a salt thereof for the treatment or prevention of pulmonary disorders caused by the destruction of pulmonary alveoli |
US20100159555A1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2010-06-24 | Synexa Life Sciences (Proprietary) Limited | Production of secondary metabolites using capillary membranes |
US8722374B2 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2014-05-13 | Synexa Life Science (Proprietary) Limited | Production of secondary metabolites using capillary membranes |
WO2009149083A2 (en) | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | University Of Maryland, Baltimore | Non-hemolytic clya for excretion of proteins |
US11613727B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2023-03-28 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Configurable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US9725689B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2017-08-08 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Configurable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US10669519B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2020-06-02 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Customizable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US10870827B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2020-12-22 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Configurable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US9677042B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2017-06-13 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Customizable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US11746319B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2023-09-05 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Customizable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US11773363B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2023-10-03 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Configurable methods and systems of growing and harvesting cells in a hollow fiber bioreactor system |
US11667881B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2023-06-06 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Scheduled feed |
US11624046B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-04-11 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US11629332B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-04-18 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Cell expansion |
US11702634B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2023-07-18 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Expanding cells in a bioreactor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0535B2 (en) | 1993-01-05 |
JPS6471494A (en) | 1989-03-16 |
KR890005273A (en) | 1989-05-13 |
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