US549527A - Car-seat - Google Patents

Description

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- vention is to produce a chair which is especomfortable seat.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES lll. OSGOOD, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CAR-SEAT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 549,527, dated November 12, 1895.

` Application filed December 12, 18 94. SerialNo. 531,588. (No model.)

To all whom/tzt may concern:

'Be it known'that I, JAMES M. OSGOOD, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Oar-Seatof which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in car seats or chairs; and the object of my incially adapted for use in parlor and sleeping cars, but which may be easily adapted to ordinary day-coaches, and to produce a chair which has reversible and reclining backs adapted to serve alternately as backs and leg-rests, which has the aforesaid backs divided so that each chairmay be formed into a tte-a-tte with a half back facing in one direction and the other back in the opposite direc-tion, which has the opposite backs connected by gearing, so that when one back is turned up the other will be turned down and both may be simultaneously moved to a safety position, which has the backs and rests arranged so as to be readily adjustable and convertible into a couch or berth, and which is arranged so that in a car the alternate chairs may be raised to form upper berths and the intermediate chairs moved laterally, thus forming practically a series of staterooms, in the lower of which is a seat, and which practically gives to each berth a sepa- A further object of my invention is to produce a chair which is easily shifted from one position to another and which affords a very To these ends my invention consists of certain features of construction and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a broken. sectional elevation of a car provided with a series of my improved seats arranged to be converted into couches and with the chairs in position for day use. Fig. 2 is a similar View, but with the chairs converted into couches and arranged for night use. Fig. 3 is a broken sectional elevation of two adjacent chairs, one being vertically and the other laterally movable, the chairs being shown in position for day use and the view illustrating the gear connection between the opposite backs. Fig. 4 is a similar section showing the chairs arranged for night use. Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of the laterally-movable seat with the seat-backs extended to form a bunk. Fig. 6 is a broken plan View, partly in section, of the vertically-movable chair. Fig. 7isabroken vertical section on the line 7 7 of Fig. 3. Fig. S is a cross-section of one of the verticallymovable chairs arranged to form a tte-a-tte. Fig. Sis a cross-section of the laterally-movable chair, which is adapted to be placed between two vertically-movable ones. Fig. 10

is a rear elevation of the laterally-movable chair. Fig. 11 is a detail cross-section showing the manner in which the extension backs or head-rests are held and fastened. Fig. 12 is a detail sectional view showing the locking` device in position to fasten a head-rest. Fig. 13 is a similar View, but with the head-rest unfastened. Fig. 14 is a cross-section of a modified form of the chair in position for day use. Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation of the chair shown in Fig. 14 with the chair raised and converted into a couch. Fig. 16 is an enlarged detail sectional View showing the arrangement of the seats when converted into bunks or berths. Fig. 17 is an enlarged detail view on the line 17 17 of Fig. 19, showing the means'for holding a seat-back in position, the view showing the seat-back raised. Fig. 18 is a similar view with the seat-back in a nearly horizontal position, and Fig. 19 is a detail cross-sectional view of the construction shown in Figs. 17 and 18.

The parlor sleeping-car 12 is tted with alternating seats 10 and 11, `the former of which is vertically movable to enable it to be converted into an upper berth or couch, as hereinafter described. Each seat is mounted on a box 13, which is provided with a lid 14, and 'this boX may be utilized for holding the bedclothing. The seat is providedwith a bottom or seat portion 15` which is upholstered, as shown at 16, and which lies on the box 13, and the bottom or seat portion 15 forms the lid or IOO cover of the box 13 of the seat 1l. The bottom 15 is, on the vertically-movable chairs 1.0, carried by end posts 17, which are longitudinally slotted, as shown at 1S, so as to straddle the gears 19, each of which engages a rack on one side of the post 17, and thus by turning the gear 19 the post may be moved up or down, sliding as it moves in a guidingslideway 17, and when the post is moved to its lowest position it projects through the eariloor and into a box 171. The shaft 21 of each gear 19 is squared at its outer end, as shown in Fig. 7, so that a wrench may be conveniently applied to the shaft to turn it and the gear. Fach gear or cog wheel 1f) is provided with a ratchet-wheel 23, (see Figs. (i and 8,) which is engaged by a pawl 21, and this prevents the cog-wheel from turning back and permitting the upper couch to settle after it is raised.

The chair 11 is laterally movable,and to this end the box 13 has atthe ends antifrictiontrucks 25,which may be flan ged and which run on metal tracks 26, these being longitudinally slotted, as shown at '27,to receive the ends of the boxes 13 of the seats 11, which ends are prolonged. so as to extend down through the slot, as shown clearly in Fig. 10, and the ends have bottom flanges 27, which overlap the sides of the slots and prevent the displacement of the box ends, and the boxes 13 and seats 1l are thus accurately guided and securely held. The seat 11 is held in a desired position by means of retaining-dogs 2S and 29, which are pivoted on the outer end of the box 13, as shown at 30 in Figs. 2, al., and 5, and these dogs are provided with lugs 31 to enter notches 32 in the tracks 2G, thus fastening the chair. One of the dogs is provided with a thu mb-pieee or handle which on being depressed .releases the dog, and this thumb-piece overlaps the shank 3l of the dog 28, while both shank and thumb-piece are normally pressed upward by a spring 35 beneath the shank. This arrangement enables the chair to be pushed to one side for day use, and for use after the bed is made the chair or seat may be pushed back to the position shown in Fig. at.

The bottom 15 of each chair has hinged to opposite edges reversible backs 36, which are preferably double, as shown in Fig. 7, to enable the chair to be converted into a tte-atte, as presently described, these backs being hung on pintles or shafts 37, which project into easings 38 at the ends of the chair. On these easings are the upholstered arms 3S of the chair. The backs 3G are connected with gear-wheels 39, contained in the said easings 3S, and the opposite gear-wheels 3f) in each casin g are connected by an intermediate gear-wheel 10, and the backs 3G are arranged so that when one is raised to position for use the other will be depressed to serve as a leg-rest, and being connected by gears they of course move in unison,and hence when one is moved the other has a corresponding but opposite movement, and the chair may thus be easily reversed, or the backs may be straightened out, as shown by dotted lines in. Fig. $3, to form the bed portion of a berth. 0n the outer ends of the shafts of the gearwheels 3f! and -LO are thumb-screws 39, which when tightened up bind against the gearwheels and force the gear-wheels against the sides of the ease 3S, and in this way the thumbscrews act as brakes by which the movement of the backs 3U maybe controlled, the loosening of the thulnb-serews permitting the backs to turn easily and the tightening of the thumb-screws holding the backs in place. On the side edges of the backs 3U are easings 4G, which move in unison with the backs and which are to be more speeiiically described hereinafter, and these easings when turned in one direction abut with stops 3U on the gear-wheels 3), so that when moved in the direction of the stops the gear-wheels are turned by the easings and back, and the easings are held against the stops by dogs or pawls 39C, which are pivoted in recesses 239 in. the gearwheels, (see Figs. 17 and 19,) and these pawls are adapted to pass through recesses 31) in the easings lo', (see Fig. 19;) but normally the dogs or pawls engage the easings and hold them against ornearly against the abutments or stops 39", (see Fig. 17,) so that when the casin and seat-backs are turned against the dogs 39C the gear-wheels 3f) and l() will be also turned. lvlien, however, it is desired to drop one of the seat-backs, as shown in Fig. 1G, without disturbing the opposite seat-back, the seat-back and casing 46 to be lowered are iirst raised slightly, so as to disengage the casing from the pawl 39, (see Fig. 18,) and the pawl 39C is pressed, so as to turn it on its pivot toward the casing and enable it to enter the recess 39e, (which will be readily understood by reference to Figs. 17 and 1S, in which the outer cud of the recess 39 is indicated in dotted lines,) after which the easing lo and the seat-back 3G, connected therewith, may be freely dropped without affecting the rest of the apparatus, as the pawl 39 will slip through the recess 3U@ of the casing 16 without being engaged thereby, and consequeutl y the gear-wheel will not be turned.

To the outeredges of the backs 3G arehinged the foot-rests 41, which on the under or outer sides are upholstered, as shown at 42, and thus when the foot-rests are folded against the backs 3G they form a back-cushion for the chair, and when they are folded outward and downward the upholstering comes on the under side, out of contact with the feet, while the inner portion. of the foot-rest is adapted to support the feet and extends at practically right angles to the back 3G. Each back 36 is also provided with an extension head-rest lil, which on the outside is upholstered, as shown at it, and this head-rest may be folded over against the rear side of the back 3U, as shown at the right hand in Fig. S, or maybe elevated to form an extension of the main chair-back, as shown at the left hand in the same figure, and

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this latter position is the position which the head-rest assumes when the apparatus is converted into ay couch, as shown in Fig. 4.

The head-rest 43 may be made independent of the foot-rest 41, as shown on the chair 1l, or it may be formed integral with the said foot-rest, as shown on the chair 10, and when thus formed the head-rest will always be extended to form a continuation of the back when the foot-rest is folded against the back, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 9, and when the foot-rest is turned down, as shown in the lower portion of the same ligure, the head-rest will extend inward at an angle to the back 36.

Thev head-rests 43 are made of the same width as the backs 36, and each rest has its hinge-leaf projected at one end and provided with a cog-wheel 45, having opposite teeth 45, this cog being held in a casing 46, which extends parallel with the back 36 and is connected with the hinge of the said back, and in this casing is a catch 47 to engage the teeth 45, (see Figs. 12 and 13,) the catch being formed on the end of a slide-rod 48, which is pressed by a spring 49, so as to pass into engagement with one of the teeth, and the rod has a push-button 50 extending outward through a slide-slot 51 in the casing 46, (see Fig. 5,) and thus when the head-rest is to be turned the push-button and slide-rod may be pushed back to disengage a tooth 45a, and the head-rest may then be freely turned.

The head-rests 43 are hung on pintles 52, which project outward through the casings 46 and which are returned by springs 53, one of the pintles extending through the hingeleaf of one 4of the head-rests and into the hinge-leaf of the opposite rest, and so the pintle serves to hold the two head-rests and the two backs 36 together, as in Fig. 11 but when they are to be changed to form a tte-a-tte the pintle 52 is pulled outward, so that one of the backs and its head-rest may be reversed and the other left i'n its original position. If desired, the chair may be made as shown in Figs. 14 and 15 and may be made either vertically movable or stationary. As illustrated, however, the modified form of chair has the lifting mechanism already described and has the backs 36 made single and upholstered on the inner side, as shown at 54. Each of these backs is provided with an eX- tension 55, which moves in a slideway 56 on the back and has a front piece 57 to enable it to be pulled out, so as to form a foot-rest when the chair is converted into a couch and the backs are placed horizontally,as in Fig. 15.

To support the chair in its raised position, the bottom 15 is provided With a drop-plate 58, hinged to the under side of the bottom and rabbeted at its lower edge, as shown at 59, so as to iit a shoulder 60 on one side of the box 13, and thus when the drop-plate is fitted upon the box side, as the drawings show, the seat or bunk is supported rigidly and cannot drop. Vhen the chairs are arranged, as in Figs. 1 and 2, for a parlor-car, a curtain 61 is hung above the chairs, so as to be dropped between every two of them, and these curtains are adapted to be pulled down, so as to divide the car into a series of berths or compartments, the curtains being adapted to alternately engage hooks 63 on theoor and buttons 64 on the ends of the upper bunks. (See Fig. 16.) These curtains are hung in the ordinary fixtures and are adapted to enter casings 65, which are secured to hangers 66 on the car-top.

The berths may be provided with the ordinary curtains, such as are used in the ordinary sleeping-car, and when the berths are made up for the night they are arranged as shown in Fig. 16, the seat 11 being moved so that the lower and upper berths will partially overlap. The seat-bottom 15 of the upper berth is raised by turning the gear-wheel 19 in the manner already described. The seatbacks 36 of the said berth are turned to a horizontal position, and the seat-backs ofthe lower berth or seat 11 are also turned to a horizontal position with the head-rests extended. The bedclothing is arranged upon the berths in the usual way and is then turned back over the seat-bottom 15 of the upper berth, and the dog or pawl 39C, beneath the seat-back 36, next the foot of the berth, is pressed so as to drop the seat-back to the position shown in Fig. 16, and this,with the rest 43, extended as shown in the same ligure, forms a seat for the occupantof the berth and provides space fora dressing-room. When the occupant wishes to retire, the seatback 36 is raised to a horizontal position, the dog 39c automatically engaging the casing 46, so as to hold the casing and seat-back in a horizontal position, and the rest 43 is also dropped to a horizontal position, after which the bedclothing is straightened out in the customary manner. The lower berth is made up and used in a very similar way, except that the back 36 next the head of the berth is dropped to make space for a dressing-room, and when the berth is to be occupied the back is raised to a position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 16 and the bedclothing straightened out.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent* 1. A car chair mounted on rollers and provided with downwardly extending projections adapted to engage slots of tracks on which the rollers are adapted to run7 substantially as described.

2. A car chair comprising a bottom portion, backs hinged to opposite edges thereof, a motion-transmitting device whereby both backs are caused to move simultaneously but in opposite direction, andra movable connecting device whereby one of the backs may be coupled to, or uncoupled from, the said motion-trans- IOO IIO

mitting device, to permit of independent movement of the said back, substantially as described.

3. A car chair, comprising` a bottom portion, two reversible backs located one at each end of the bottom portion to form a back for one portion thereof and mounted to swing` in different planes adjacent to each other so that the two backs can be swung side by side so as to practically form a single back, and a movable part secured to one of the backs and constructed to en gage the other back to compel it to move in unison with the first named back, said movable part when withdrawn from engagement with one of the backs permitting the said back to be reversed independently of the other back, whereby the chair may be converted into a @tea-tte, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the sliding chair, of the spring-pressed retaining dogs thereon and constructed to engage a relatively stationary part of the car to hold the chair against sliding,` movement, and means for simultaneously operating the dogs, substantially as described.

5. A chair, provided with a bottom portion, two reversible backs, and a rod slidably mounted on one of the backs and constructed to engage the other back, substantially as described.

(3. A car provided with chairs convertible into berths, alternate chairs being vertically movable to form upper berths, and the other chairs being slidable toward and from the sai d vertically movable chairs, the lower berths when in position for use, extending partly nnder the upper berths, and projecting beyond the same at one end, so as to afford a free space above the said end of the lower berth to the top of the car, substantially as described.

JAMES M. OSGOOD.

Vitnesses:

Il. W. GILE, S. P. MEERYECK.

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