US64355A - Improvement in steam geneeatoks - Google Patents

Description

. 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. R. J. NUNN'.l STEAM GENERE-TUR.

No. 64,355'. Patented Apr. so, 1867.

.In ven/far:

M my

"m: Nonms mms co. uovo-urna., ummm-on. u. c.

3 Sheets-Sheet; 2.

R. J. NUNN. STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 64,355. y Patented Apr. 30, 1867.

3 Sheets- Sheet 3.

R. J. NUNN;v STEAM GENERATOR.

NoL 64,355. Patented Apr. 30, 1867.

@uiten gratte etrnt @frs IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM GBNERATORS.

tlgt rlgetnle referat it irr'tlgese hitters rteut :mh mating met vif the smut.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, RICHARD J. NUNN, of Savannah, in the county of Chatham, and State of- Georgia, have linvented a new and useful Improvement in Steam Generators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

The object' ofmy invention is to furnish a steam Aboiler, `(or generator,) which shall combine the essential requisites of compactness, strength, and safety Vto a greater .degree than any other steam boiler in usc, and which, while it shall be more economical as regards the Weight ofinaterielA used in its construction, and the quantity of fuel required for a given amount 'of steam, shall furnish a much greater extent of steam-generating surface in proportion to its weight and dimensions; and the invention consists in constructing the boiler entirely of tubes of such dimensions and calibrethat the danger from explosion shall bo diminished at least fourfold whenl compared with the ordinary boilers Anow in use ;A and in arranging and combining the tubes in such a manner that I can stop of or remove a defective tube with very little difticulty or delay, maintaining, at the same time, perfect circulation of the water, and but slightly interfering with the efficiencyl of the boiler.

To enable Others-skilled in the art to. make and use my invention, I will now proeed'to describe its construction and operatiomreference vbeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 represents a front elevation.

Figure 2, a plan or top view.

Figure 3, sheet is a. vertical section through the line :ca: vof' iig. 1.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section'through fig. 1 at Figure 5, sheet 3, is a side elevation partly sectional..

Figure 6 is a small front view of the arch plate of the boiler..

Similar letters of Areference indicate like parte in the drawing.

'The t'ubes of which my boiler iscomposed are all either vertical or horizontal in thls example of my invention, but they may be placed at any angle, as'may be desired. The horiz/ontal tubesv lie-both in a longitudinal and transverse position. The longitudinal tubes, (three on each side, are placed one above the other on the outside of the boiler. The transverse tubes run through the boiler, and are invisible with the exception of those at the ends and ou the top,:as seen in the drawing. I construct my boiler of a series or succession of bents or slabs, each slab having la given number of vertical and horizontal` tubes, the vertical tubes standing in a row, and the horizontal tubes lying at given intervals one over the other, and each bent or slab consisting of but one row, or the thickness of one tube. In the drawingA the slab is represented as consisting of eight vertical and three horizontal tubes. It would, perhaps, be more pro-per to say that each slab is composed of sixteen vertical tubes', for one of the horizontal tubes cuts the row land vsepar'atesfthe vertical tubes, leaving eight`long tubes and eight short ones. The upper horizontal tubes may be'called the steam tube. The next horizontal tube below is theloW-water tube, and the next below;4 or at the bottom. is the cold-water tube, excepting where it forms' the top of the tire-chamber or furnace.

I will now commence at tho front end ofl the boiler, g. 1, and describe one of these slabs more particularly.. The one in view is the irst of a series of'slabs which form the lire-box or furnace.

A represents/thc two outside or right and left-hand vertical tubes; A', the lower row of vertical tubes between the outside ones, and a represents -the upper rowfof vertical tubes. B represents the upper horizontal or steam tube; B Athe low-Water tube, and b the lower horizontaltube forming the top of the fire-chamber or furnace as farback as the furnaoecxtends. The steam' tube B extends out over the right and left-hand vertical tubes, and each end terminates witha lange,c.' There is a cock, D, at each end between the flange and the vertical tubes. It also has another' cock, D', near'its left-hand cud. The low-water tube B has the same flanges at EE, .and cocks F, between the llainges and the vertical tubes. A'lhe upper tier a of vertical tubes is connected with these horizontal tubes, and the tier below, including the right and left-hand vertical tubes, is connected with the tube B. at its under side, and all stand in line with those above. The tube b, as well as the cold-water or lower tube of the other slabs which lie beyond thefu'rnace, terminates in the right and left-hand vertical tubes A A. These vcrtic'el tubes AA are closed at the bottom ends, but near 'their lower ends short horizontal tubes II are attached, which terminate in flanges h, and have each a cock, h', between the flange and the vertical tube. The shaded tubes, seen in the drawing, represent the back end of the furnace. -The vertical tubes being cut or separated bythe low-water tube B', and the separated portion being represented in two rows or tiers. occupying positions directly Vover each other, they form for all practical purposes but one tier, or eight tubes', as regards their interior portion, and I avail myself of this arrangement by introducing tubes of much smaller diameter, which' stand in the axial centres of cach vertical tube. I designate these tubes circulation tubes. The top ond oli cacb passesthrough the steam tube B, and is closed and secured in its proper position by screws whose heads bear upon the top of the steam tube. These screws are represented by z' in the drawing. One of these circulation tubes passeshdown through the closed ends of each of the vertical right and left-hand tubes of each slab forming the tire-chamber or furnace, and terminates in a cock, G. The -lower ends of the rest o'f these tubes pass through the top of the horizontal tube Il, and terminate in closed pointed ends, as seen in` the drawing` iig. 3, sheetQ. These circulation tubes are perforated with holes, the holes commencing about half way between the steam lcube B and the low-water tube B', and continue to the bottom of the tube B'. In the right .and .left-hand tubes the holesvthrough thelower ends of these circulation tubes commence at the bottom of the flue and continue to the' en'd of the tubes which erfclose them. In the six other vertical tubes of the slabs forming the fnrnac'e the perfor-ations commence at the top of the horizontal tubes b and continue to their ends. The circulation tubes, in the vertical tubes ot the slabs back of the furnace, pass entiifely through the lower horizontal tubes, and are secured by screws, and terminate in cocks the same as those in the outside right and left tubes, the lower holes commencing at thc-.bottom of the iiue and continuing to their ends. The slabs, which form that portion of the boiler back of thc furnace, are constructed in the same manner, only the tube b, which here forms thc top of the furnace, is dropped down in the slabs which stand beyond, and is situated at the bott-om of the boiler, and is there the cold-water or supply tube, lying on a level with otheroutside horizontal tubes, to be described hereafter, which are also cold-water or supply tubes. The flanges upon the ends of the steam and low-water tubes. B and B', are for the purpose of attaching those tubes to other horizontal tubes, which extend longitudinally on each side of the boiler. There are three of these tubes on each side, corresponding in height with the .steam and low-water tubes, and also with the-sl1ort tubesH, which are attached `to the right and left-hand vertical'tubes.. I will here add that those short tubes H have checkvalves communicating with the longitudinal tubes, and seen at n, fig. 4. These longitudinal tubes are indicated in the drawing by the letters K L M. Their ends are closed, and terminate in vflanges f. Upon the side of each are short tubes G', corresponding in number and position with the number 'and position of the flanges on the slabs. Each Aof these short tubes terminates with a flange, and each has a cockbetween the flange and the main tube. These ilanges .are marked c and the cocks e in the drawing. These flanges correspond in number and position with' the flanges attached to the slabs, as before stated. The intention, of course, is to connect them together, and by Aso doing connect the whole system of tubes in the boiler, thus' allowing the water to circulate through every portion of the water-space, and the steamto occupy the steam-spaec. The upper longitudinal tubes KK, being but a continuation of the steam-space in the upper tube B of the slabs, a. portion of the vcrtical tubes is designed also to' be-steam-space, that portion being about half the space between the steam and low-water tubes B and B7. V

It is obvious that by disconnecting the flanges'ot any one slab, the slab can be removed from the boiler. In that case the cocks e would be closed, thus shutting the slab off from thevrcst of the boiler. When the sla'b is removed, the boiler is again ready for use, and after only a few minutes detention, ifany. Should a slab leak, and it is not deemed advisable to remove it, the cocks D, F, and It would be closed, which would shut-it off from the rest of the boiler. -Iu this case the working of the boiler would not be interrupted at all, the cock D1 being opened to prevent overpressure in that slab. To increase the size and capacity of the'boiler, it is only necessary to increase the length of the longitudinal tubesK L M, and add more slabs. The small interior cirulation tubes perform another duty besides aiding the circulation. 'lhcy act as bolts to bind the slabs together, being secured, as they are, at top and bottom by screwsr At the bottom, the end passes through 'a 'screw-nut before the cock is attached.

My system of tubes is now complete. The steam-space and the low-water space are both surrounded with horizontal tubes, andthe cold-water or supply tubes also surround the boiler, with the exception of the front. Each set of horizontal tubes is in free communication with the others, as well as with all the vertical tubes in the boiler. As the vertical tubes do not stand so as to touch each other, it is necessary to fill up the spaces between the outside right and left-hand tubes, and of all the spacesiu the tier oi tubes which surround the boiler in order toform a perfect ue. The whole interior steam-space, or the vspace between the low-water tube B' and the steam tubo B, is also filled with non-combustible material to protect the surfaces of the tubes from the direct action of the re. The right and left-hand tubes are likewise protected 'from the action of the fire. The cold-water or supply tubes of all tl'ic.slabs back oi the furnace are protected in like manner, but here the non-combustible material forms the bottom of the flue. In the drawings, I have shown. Solid metal plates as filling the spaces between the vertical tubes, and as also protecting the steam-space of the boiler. These plates also form the bottom of the flue. Two of these metallic plates (the front and the back ones) have" arms or brackets, extending out from the outside vertical tubes, which brackets are made to support the three longitu dinal tubes on each side of the boiler. There may be more or less of these brackets, as may be deemed necessary. Neither is it considered very important that there should be as many cocks in the horizontal tubes as is represented. Such as may be found Inunecessaryin actual .service of the boiler may be dispensed with. The front or arch plate of the boiler is represented in fig. G, showing the brackets and the ends of the longitudinal tubes, andA a portion of thc transverse horizontal tubes. '.lhc bar that holds the front end of the grate is represented atA P. i The grate itself by .the letter R. .The steam may be discharged from any part of the steam-space as may be most convenient, Vand the force-pump may be attached lto the cold-inter or supply pipe in the same manner. Y v

I do not conne myself to any particular size, length, or number of tubes, nor to anyparticular position for them to occupy, nor to any particular former shape of boiler, so long` as it is composed entirely bf tubes or pipes connected together in the manner I have described, or in any'manncr substantially the same, for I am aware that tubes may be connected by screws Aas well as byiianges, and that the small interior circulation tubes may be attached and secured in other ways from that which I hagedescrihed. ltylmethodv otcoustruction er forming the joints --and connections 1s the best-which 'occurs tome now; it inay be varied as experience -and practice may dictate. y

I do not broadly claim constructing steam "boilers or generators exclusively of tubes or pipes, nor do I broadly claim the use of interior circulation tubes, 'as I am aware that they arenot new; lbut, having thus described my invention, what I claim4 as new, and desire to secure by LettersPateut, is

1. A steam generator or boiler, constructed entirely of tubes or pipes, when such' tubes or pipesare arranged and connected togther, andprotccterl from the direct' action of the fire, substantially in the manner herein described. A A i,

2. I claim the interior circula-tion tubes, here-m described, whenthe said tubes are perforated in the manner anllsecured in their position in the manner substantially as described, when used. in the vertical tube of a boiler as and'for the purposes set forth. v Y y RICHARD J. 'NUNN Witnesses:

WILLIAM T. BLACK,

J. II'. Pensons.-

Images