US6477212B1 - Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US6477212B1 US6477212B1 US09/756,382 US75638201A US6477212B1 US 6477212 B1 US6477212 B1 US 6477212B1 US 75638201 A US75638201 A US 75638201A US 6477212 B1 US6477212 B1 US 6477212B1
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- Prior art keywords
- signal
- interference
- twisted wire
- wire pair
- sampling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/08—Modifications for reducing interference; Modifications for reducing effects due to line faults ; Receiver end arrangements for detecting or overcoming line faults
- H04L25/085—Arrangements for reducing interference in line transmission systems, e.g. by differential transmission
Definitions
- This invention generally relates to the field of communications and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus which detects interference in a twisted wire pair caused by sources external to the transmission system and which eliminates or reduces the effects of the interference.
- Twisted pairs of copper telephone wire have been in existence since the late nineteenth century when Alexander Graham Bell first invented them.
- most of the transmission lines in the U.S. telephone network commonly referred to as the telephone loop plant, are twisted pairs.
- the loop plant has been or is currently being upgraded with optical fiber, it is expected that twisted pair technology will remain in place for many years due to the high cost of upgrading and due to the ability to achieve high transmission rates over twisted pairs.
- DSL Digital subscriber line
- ISDN basic rate integrated services digital network
- ADSL digital subscriber line
- HDSL high-bit-rate DSL
- RADSL rate-adaptive DSL
- Twisted pairs attenuate signals in proportion to the length of the line and the frequency.
- telephone companies design lines in accordance with certain standards designed to maximize performance, such as requiring that wires which extend over certain distances be a certain gauge and requiring that loading coils be installed on lines in many cases.
- cross talk also affects performance.
- Cross talk corresponds to interference in a twisted pair caused by an adjacent twisted pair.
- Cross talk increases with frequency and with the number of cross-talking pairs.
- ADSL was developed to reduce the effects of cross talk. In accordance with ADSL technology, data is transmitted upstream at one rate and downstream at a much higher rate than the upstream rate, with the upstream and downstream data being separated through the use of frequency division multiplexing.
- Echo cancellation techniques allow the echo to be calculated and canceled out to improve signal quality. Echo cancellation technology has now been widely implemented and most modems manufactured today contain an echo cancellation component.
- Another factor which affects the performance of twisted pairs is noise or interference created by sources which are external to the telephone network.
- This interference may emanate from local area sources, such as electrical wiring within the customer premises, or from broad area sources, such as power lines which run along side the telephone lines within the loop plant and from radio transmitting stations. It would be beneficial to provide a method and apparatus capable of eliminating or reducing local area and broad area interference in a twisted pair transmission system in order to maximize performance of twisted pairs.
- the present invention provides a method and apparatus for eliminating or reducing local area and broad area interference in a twisted pair transmission system.
- the apparatus of the present invention comprises a detection device, such as an antenna, for example, for acquiring representative electromagnetic interference coupled into a twisted pair line, a sampling/scaling device which samples and scales the acquired signal, and a combiner device which combines a signal correction component with the signal received over the twisted pair by a differential receiver.
- the sampling/scaling device comprises an analog-to-digital converter which converts the detected analog signal into a digital signal and a digital signal processor which receives the digital signal from the ADC and processes the signal to generate a correction signal.
- the correction signal is scaled in amplitude and phase such that, when subtracted from the received signal, it will cancel the additive interference that was present in the received signal.
- the correction signal is then subtracted from the signal received by the differential receiver from the twisted pair.
- the sampling/scaling device may be fixed or adaptive. If the interference is stationary in time, a fixed sampling/scaling device is suitable for use with the present invention. If the interference is non-stationary, preferably the sampling/scaling device will be adaptive such that the amount of scaling performed can be altered in accordance with changes in the interference signal detected by the detector.
- the detector may be any device capable of detecting the interference, such as, for example, a capacitor, an antenna, or an induction coil, or a combination of two or more of these.
- the type of detector used will depend on the type of interference being coupled into the twisted pair transmission system.
- FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating the method and apparatus of the present invention for detecting and eliminating interference in a twisted pair.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the sampling/scaling device of the present invention in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 functionally illustrates the interference canceler apparatus of the present invention for detecting and eliminating interference coupled into a twisted pair transmission system 2 from a source external to the system.
- a differential transmitter 14 located at the central office 4 outputs signals onto twisted pair 5 to be sent to a differential receiver 15 located at the customer premises 6 .
- electromagnetic interference may be coupled into the twisted pair 5 .
- the interference may emanate from broad area sources (not shown), which may be, for example, power lines running along side the twisted pair 5 from the central office 4 , or from local area sources (not shown), which may be, for example, electrical wiring inside of the customer premises 6 or a radio transmitting station.
- a detector 9 detects the broad or local area interference being coupled into twisted pair 5 and generates an analog signal relating to the detected interference signal. This analog signal is then input to a sampling/scaling device 10 which samples and scales the signal to produce an interference cancellation signal.
- the interference cancellation signal, or correction signal, on line 11 is scaled in amplitude and phase such that, when subtracted from the received signal on line 7 , it will cancel the additive interference that was present in the received signal.
- the interference cancellation signal on line 11 is subtracted from the received signal on line 7 by adder 12 to eliminate the interference to produce output signal 13 .
- the interference canceler of the present invention is incorporated into a modem, such as a DSL modem.
- a modem such as a DSL modem.
- the sampling/scaling device 10 and adder 12 are implemented in analog hardware.
- the signal received by differential receiver 15 is an analog signal.
- the differential receiver 15 may be a component in, for example, a DSL modem or some other data communication equipment (DCE).
- the analog sampling/scaling device 10 may comprise typical filter and amplification circuitry for sampling and scaling the received analog signal.
- the detector 9 may be implemented as any type of analog component or circuit designed to detect magnetic and/or electrical interference.
- the detected interference is then sampled and scaled by sampling/scaling device 10 and subtracted by adder 12 from the signal received by differential receiver 15 to eliminate or reduce the interference.
- the adder 12 can be any analog circuit or device capable of combining the interference cancellation signal produced by the sampling/scaling device 10 with the signal output from the differential receiver 15 .
- the detector 9 may be, for example, a dipole antenna constructed to receive a preselected bandwidth of signals. Alternatively, it may be desirable to construct the detector 9 as a broadband or narrowband antenna or antenna array. It may also be desirable to construct the detector 9 as a scanning antenna array which is capable of scanning for interfering signals over a plurality of frequency ranges. Alternatively, it may be desirable to implement the detector 9 as a capacitively-coupled circuit located in proximity to the twisted pair 5 which detects electrical interference coupled into the twisted pair 5 . Alternatively, it may be desirable to implement the detector 9 as an induction coil located in proximity to the twisted pair 5 which detects magnetic interference coupled into the twisted pair 5 . It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited with respect to the components used to detect and eliminate interference coupled into twisted pair 5 .
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram functionally illustrating the preferred embodiment of the interference canceler apparatus of the present invention.
- the interference canceler is implemented in digital circuitry.
- the sampling/scaling device 10 receives the interference signal from the detector 9 and inputs it to ADC 16 which samples the analog signal and converts it into a digital signal.
- the digital signal is then output to a signal processor 19 which can be fixed or adaptive.
- the signal processor 19 preferably is a digital signal processor (DSP) which performs one or more mathematical algorithms on the input signal to produce an interference cancellation signal.
- DSP digital signal processor
- the present invention is not limited with respect to the types of operations performed by the signal processor 19 . It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited with respect to the type of signal processor 19 selected for use with the present invention. It should be noted that the signal processor 19 can be implemented solely in hardware, such as, for example, in a state machine or in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or it can be implemented in a combination of hardware and software, such as, for example, in a microprocessor which is programmed with software to perform the necessary operations.
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/756,382 US6477212B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 2001-01-08 | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US5052797P | 1997-06-23 | 1997-06-23 | |
US08/966,180 US6173021B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 1997-11-07 | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
US09/756,382 US6477212B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 2001-01-08 | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US08/966,180 Continuation US6173021B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 1997-11-07 | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US6477212B1 true US6477212B1 (en) | 2002-11-05 |
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Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US08/966,180 Expired - Lifetime US6173021B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 1997-11-07 | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
US09/756,382 Expired - Fee Related US6477212B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 2001-01-08 | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US08/966,180 Expired - Lifetime US6173021B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 1997-11-07 | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060039454A1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-23 | Adaptive Spectrum And Signal Alignment, Inc. | Interference cancellation system |
US7091849B1 (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2006-08-15 | At&T Corp. | Inbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system |
US20150085908A1 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. | Method for canceling interfering wireless signals in cable customer premises equipment devices |
US20150085909A1 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. | Methods for canceling interfering wireless signals in cable customer premises equipment devices and outside plant |
WO2015112290A1 (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-07-30 | Silicon Image, Inc. | Apparatus, method and system for asymmetric, full-duplex communication |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6173021B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 2001-01-09 | Paradyne Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
US6330275B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 2001-12-11 | Paradyne Corporation | Method and apparatus for overcoming periodic disturbances in digital subscriber loops |
US6940973B1 (en) * | 1999-06-07 | 2005-09-06 | Bell Canada | Method and apparatus for cancelling common mode noise occurring in communications channels |
US6459739B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2002-10-01 | Tioga Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for RF common-mode noise rejection in a DSL receiver |
US6879625B1 (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2005-04-12 | Globespanvirata, Inc | System and method for providing cancellation of interference in a repeater configuration with remote loop powering |
US7003094B2 (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2006-02-21 | Agere Systems Inc. | Adaptive interference cancellation for ADSL |
US6990196B2 (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2006-01-24 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Crosstalk identification in xDSL systems |
US7142501B1 (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2006-11-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for eliminating near-end crosstalk in a digital subscriber line system |
US20090225821A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-10 | Hua Jiao | Methods and apparatus to detect an imbalanced subscriber line in a digital subscriber line (dsl) system |
CN109714926B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2024-01-16 | 江苏尚飞光电科技股份有限公司 | Novel long-line transmission system for weak signal acquisition and transmission |
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US3699444A (en) | 1969-02-17 | 1972-10-17 | American Nucleonics Corp | Interference cancellation system |
US4673982A (en) | 1984-10-04 | 1987-06-16 | Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec | Multiple frequency adaptive noise filter for removing interference signals from a frequency band having a desired signal |
US4736455A (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1988-04-05 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Interference cancellation system |
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US4965854A (en) | 1988-11-30 | 1990-10-23 | General Electric Company | Noise blanker with continuous wave interference compensation |
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US6173021B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 2001-01-09 | Paradyne Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
US6330275B1 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 2001-12-11 | Paradyne Corporation | Method and apparatus for overcoming periodic disturbances in digital subscriber loops |
-
1997
- 1997-11-07 US US08/966,180 patent/US6173021B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-01-08 US US09/756,382 patent/US6477212B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (12)
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US3699444A (en) | 1969-02-17 | 1972-10-17 | American Nucleonics Corp | Interference cancellation system |
US4673982A (en) | 1984-10-04 | 1987-06-16 | Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec | Multiple frequency adaptive noise filter for removing interference signals from a frequency band having a desired signal |
US4736455A (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1988-04-05 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Interference cancellation system |
US4992798A (en) | 1987-11-10 | 1991-02-12 | Fujitsu Limited | Interference canceller |
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US5345476A (en) | 1992-04-09 | 1994-09-06 | Nec Corporation | Interference canceller with feedforward transversal filter having switched tap-gain coefficients |
US6173021B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 | 2001-01-09 | Paradyne Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a twisted wire pair transmission system |
US6330275B1 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 2001-12-11 | Paradyne Corporation | Method and apparatus for overcoming periodic disturbances in digital subscriber loops |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9577706B2 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2017-02-21 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Outbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system |
US7091849B1 (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2006-08-15 | At&T Corp. | Inbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system |
US7453353B1 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2008-11-18 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Inbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system |
US8938021B1 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2015-01-20 | Paul Shala Henry | Outbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system |
US10700737B2 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2020-06-30 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Outbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system |
US10312965B2 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2019-06-04 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Outbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system |
US9887734B2 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2018-02-06 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Outbound interference reduction in a broadband powerline system |
US20060039454A1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-23 | Adaptive Spectrum And Signal Alignment, Inc. | Interference cancellation system |
US9054782B2 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-06-09 | Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. | Methods for canceling interfering wireless signals in cable customer premises equipment devices and outside plant |
US9160463B2 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-10-13 | Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. | Method for canceling interfering wireless signals in cable customer premises equipment devices |
US20150085909A1 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. | Methods for canceling interfering wireless signals in cable customer premises equipment devices and outside plant |
US20150085908A1 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. | Method for canceling interfering wireless signals in cable customer premises equipment devices |
US9240878B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2016-01-19 | Lattice Semiconductor Corporation | Apparatus, method and system for asymmetric, full-duplex communication |
WO2015112290A1 (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-07-30 | Silicon Image, Inc. | Apparatus, method and system for asymmetric, full-duplex communication |
TWI617142B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2018-03-01 | 美商萊迪思半導體公司 | Apparatus, method and system for asymmetirc, full-duplex communication |
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