US7045673B1 - Intrinsically bactericidal absorbent dressing and method of fabrication - Google Patents
Intrinsically bactericidal absorbent dressing and method of fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7045673B1 US7045673B1 US09/857,906 US85790602A US7045673B1 US 7045673 B1 US7045673 B1 US 7045673B1 US 85790602 A US85790602 A US 85790602A US 7045673 B1 US7045673 B1 US 7045673B1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- antimicrobial
- polymer
- matrix
- quaternary ammonium
- intrinsically
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013060 biological fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 15
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004914 menses Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002118 antimicrobial polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 filaments Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 206010046543 Urinary incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000922 anti-bactericidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000005906 menstruation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVXNKQRAZONMHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4-ethenylphenyl)methyl-trimethylazanium;chloride Chemical group [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 TVXNKQRAZONMHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010072170 Skin wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010048038 Wound infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940009976 deoxycholate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N deoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000578 dry spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical group C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RNTIBYGPJVJCCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylmethanamine;ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)C.CCOC(=O)C(C)=C RNTIBYGPJVJCCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032537 response to toxin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004583 superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003860 topical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
- A61F13/8405—Additives, e.g. for odour, disinfectant or pH control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/02—Adhesive plasters or dressings
- A61F13/0203—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member
- A61F13/0206—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member the fluid handling member being absorbent fibrous layer, e.g. woven or nonwoven absorbent pad, island dressings
- A61F13/0209—Adhesive plasters or dressings having a fluid handling member the fluid handling member being absorbent fibrous layer, e.g. woven or nonwoven absorbent pad, island dressings comprising superabsorbent material
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to absorbent dressings, and more particularly highly-absorbent synthetic polymer dressings having antimicrobial agents attached thereto.
- wound dressings have been designed to absorb wound fluids and yet provide a moist environment for promoting wound healing.
- moist environments create a nutrient rich reservoir for bacterial growth in the dressing. Bacteria growing in the dressing can be shed back into the wound, increasing the risk of wound infection, or response to toxins, and producing strong, foul odors.
- antibiotics or chemical disinfectants are frequently applied topically to wounds prior to covering the wound with a dressing.
- topical agents are sometimes applied directly to the surface of the dressing.
- some known dressings incorporate charcoal powder to absorb molecules generating the foul odor.
- topical application of antibacterial agents is not desirable.
- bactericidal agents applied topically to wound dressings have a tendency to seep into the wound being treated.
- many antimicrobial drugs, such as iodine are cytotoxic and will retard wound healing if used repetitively or at high concentrations.
- a composition comprising a superabsorbent polymer having a monolayer (or near monolayer) of silane antimicrobial agent in a covalent bonding relationship with the base polymer is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,045,322.
- the composition may be in the form of flakes, strips, powders, filaments, fibers or films, and may be applied to a substrate in the form of a coating.
- the aforementioned composition is less apt to enter a wound vis-a-vis conventional topical treatment systems.
- the disclosed composition provides an improvement over conventional topical treatment systems.
- silanes contain siloxane bonds which can be cleaved by acids and bases produced by infection or bacterial growth. In turn, these reactions may weaken or destroy bends between the silane antimicrobial agent and the underlying polymer. Consequently, antimicrobial agent may seep into a wound and retard wound healing.
- an improved antimicrobial dressing composition having an antimicrobial agent which can be maintained securely attached to a superabsorbent polymer upon exposure to acids and bases produced by infection and bacterial growth.
- the composition comprises a polymer matrix having quaternary ammonium groups tethered to its surface through non-siloxane bonds.
- the surface area of the polymer matrix is enhanced, for instance, by electrostatically spinning a fiber-forming synthetic polymer to form a frayed fiber or filament.
- the polymer solution can be wet- or dry-spun to create a roughened fiber surface by controlling the choice of solvent and the polymer solution temperature. Additional surface area enhancement is provided by tethering molecular chains of quaternary ammonium pendent groups to the surface of the polymer matrix. Tethering may be accomplished by known techniques such as grafting and selective adsorption.
- non-ionic bactericidal molecules are coupled to the surface of the polymer matrix, in lieu of ionically-charged molecules.
- Ionically-charged molecules are prone to being neutralized upon encountering oppositely-charged molecules.
- positively-charged quaternary ammonium groups may be neutralized by negatively-charged chloride ions present in physiological fluids. In instances were such neutralization is significant enough to reduce the bactericidal properties of the dressing below an acceptable level, non-ionic surface groups may be preferable.
- a novel antibacterial polymer composition is fabricated to have an enhanced surface area and superabsorbent capacity for biological fluids, including urine, blood, and wound exudate.
- the composition includes a polymer matrix having quaternary ammonium compounds attached to the surface of the polymer matrix.
- the polymer matrix is comprised of a plurality of hydrophilic fibers or filaments which can be fabricated in any suitable manner.
- suitable fibers or filaments can be fabricated by wet- or dry-spinning a fiber-forming synthetic polymer from a spinning solvent.
- the resulting polymer has superabsorbent capacity.
- polymers capable of absorbing from about thirty to sixty grams of water per gram of polymer are considered to be superabsorbent.
- superabsorbent polymers which can be fabricated in this manner include polyacrylic acids, polyethylene oxides and polyvinyl alcohols. For example, methods for spinning polyethylene oxide using acetone solvent are well known.
- the polymer matrix is fabricated to have an enhanced surface area. Enhancing the surface area of the polymer matrix results in improved absorption of biological fluids, and increases the availability of sites for attachment of the antimicrobial quaternary ammonium compounds. A corresponding increase in the quantity and density of antimicrobial sites, in turn, enhances the efficacy of the composition in killing organisms such as bacteria and viruses.
- surface area enhancement is accomplished by a modified spinning or casting method.
- electrostatic spinning is a modified spinning technique which results in fraying of the fiber as it exits the spinerette.
- a polymer solution can be wet- or dry-spun to create a roughened fiber surface by controlling the solvent type and the polymer solution temperature. This technology is well known and has been applied, for example, in the manufacture of asymmetric membranes having roughened pores for dialysis. The size of the roughened pores is primarily controlled by the speed of precipitation which, in turn, is controlled by solvent interaction parameters, temperature, etc.
- the surface area of the polymer composition is further enhanced by tethering chains of antimicrobial groups to the outer surface of the individual polymer fibers.
- molecular chains of quaternary ammonium pendent groups are fabricated to have at least one end adapted for attachment to a fiber surface.
- surface grafting may be accomplished by creating surface free radicals as initiation sites from peroxide generation (ozone or microwave).
- surface attachment of an interpenetrating network may be achieved using a monomer which swells the substrate polymer.
- the incorporation of tethered antimicrobial chains has the further benefit of enhancing the functionality of the composition.
- the tethered antimicrobial chains extend into the particular biological solution to bind to harmful bacterial and viral organisms.
- the chain structures of the present invention which function like arms extending outwardly from the fiber surface, more effectively bind the antimicrobial sites to harmful organisms.
- tethering is accomplished by grafting the antimicrobial chains directly to the matrix surface, or by selective adsorption of a copolymer to the matrix surface.
- grafting techniques are well known in the art. For example, quaternary ammonium compound grafting using the monomer trimethylammonium ethyl methacrylate to graft polymerize to a modified polyethylene surface is described by Yahaioui (Master's Thesis, University of Florida, 1986). Yahioui describes a grafting technique in which a plasma discharge is used to create free radicals which initiate polymerization of appropriate monomers. Selective adsorption of appropriate block copolymers can also be used.
- the present invention incorporates a chemical structure which is based on polymerization (i.e., surface grafting) of monomers containing all carbon-carbon, carbon-oxygen and carbon-nitrogen main bonds, such as the dialkly, diallyl, quaternary ammonium compounds. Consequently, the composition of the present invention results in a structure which is less prone to reacting with acids and bases produced by bacterial growth. As previously mentioned, such reactions can degrade the attachment between the matrix and antimicrobial groups. In instances where the composition is applied to a wound dressing, such degradation could result in antimicrobial agents detaching from the polymer matrix and entering a wound site. In some cases, this can have the deleterious effect of retarding wound healing.
- anionic antibactericidal groups are immobilized on the surface of a superabsorbant dressing to improve the antibactericidal efficacy of the dressing.
- the positive charge associated with quaternary ammonium groups can be neutralized by negative ions, such as chloride ions present in physiological fluids such as urine and plasma.
- anionic surface groups can be substituted for quaternary ammonium groups. Examples of chemical compounds that can be used to produce immobilized anionic surface groups include Triton-100, Tween 20 and deoxycholate.
- Triton-100 contains a free hydroxyl group which can be derivatized into a good leaving group, such as tosyl or chloride, and subsequently reacted with a base-treated polymer, such as methyl cellulose, to yield a surface immobilized non-ionic surfactant.
- a good leaving group such as tosyl or chloride
- Dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride is one example of a suitable monomer which may be used with the present invention.
- This monomer commonly referred to as DMDAC or DADMAC, is used in the fabrication of commercial flocculating polymers.
- Modifications of trialkyl(p-vinylbenzyl) ammonium chloride or the p-trialkylaminoethyl styrene monomers are also suitable.
- One such example is trimethyl(p-vinyl benzyl) ammonium chloride; the methyl groups of this monomer can be replaced by other alkyl groups to impart desired properties.
- methacrylate-based monomers may be used; however, they may suffer from hydrolytic instability under acidic and basic conditions in a fashion similar to the silane-based treatments of the prior art. Consequently, methacrylate-based monomers are not preferred.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/857,906 US7045673B1 (en) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Intrinsically bactericidal absorbent dressing and method of fabrication |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11147298P | 1998-12-08 | 1998-12-08 | |
PCT/US1999/029091 WO2000033778A1 (en) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Intrinsically bactericidal absorbent dressing and method of fabrication |
US09/857,906 US7045673B1 (en) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Intrinsically bactericidal absorbent dressing and method of fabrication |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/029091 Continuation-In-Part WO2000033778A1 (en) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Intrinsically bactericidal absorbent dressing and method of fabrication |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/965,740 Continuation-In-Part US7709694B2 (en) | 1998-12-08 | 2001-09-28 | Materials with covalently-bonded, nonleachable, polymeric antimicrobial surfaces |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US7045673B1 true US7045673B1 (en) | 2006-05-16 |
Family
ID=36466604
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/857,906 Expired - Fee Related US7045673B1 (en) | 1998-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Intrinsically bactericidal absorbent dressing and method of fabrication |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7045673B1 (en) |
Cited By (35)
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US20060194072A1 (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Quick-Med Technologies, Inc. | Antifungal gypsum board |
US20070008147A1 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2007-01-11 | Bolling Steven F | Hand cleanliness |
US20070009474A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Personal care compositions and methods for the beautification of mammalian skin and hair |
US20070179210A1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-02 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Super soft foams |
US20070237812A1 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-11 | Tyco Healthcare Group | Multi-layer wound dressings |
US20080031838A1 (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2008-02-07 | Bolling Steven F | Tracing hand cleaner |
US20080076720A1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2008-03-27 | Sancai Xie | Personal care compositions having kinetin or zeatin |
US7616122B2 (en) | 2005-06-20 | 2009-11-10 | Biovigil, Llc | Hand cleanliness |
US20100069861A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-03-18 | Min Yao | Absorbent Articles Having Antimicrobial Properties And Methods of Manufacturing The Same |
US20100255178A1 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2010-10-07 | Quick-Med Technologies, Inc. | System and Method for Enhancing the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Contact Lenses and Other Surfaces |
US20100286641A1 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-11 | Medline Industries, Inc. | Absorbent articles having antimicrobial properties and methods of manufacturing the same |
US20100331710A1 (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2010-12-30 | Patrick Eddy | Blood pressure measurement cuff that includes an antimicrobial substance |
US7936275B2 (en) | 2005-06-20 | 2011-05-03 | Biovigil, Llc | Hand cleanliness |
US20110206378A1 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2011-08-25 | Bolling Steven F | Hand cleanliness |
US20120220973A1 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-30 | Jennifer Wing-Yee Chan | Adhesive bandage |
US8491922B2 (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2013-07-23 | Microbecare, Llc | Antimicrobial isopropyl alcohol and organofunctional silane solution |
US20140166587A1 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2014-06-19 | Soane Energy, Llc | Methods for removing finely dispersed particulate matter from a fluid stream |
US9028846B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 | 2015-05-12 | Parasol Medical LLC | Beds and bed accessories having an antimicrobial treatment |
US9433708B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-09-06 | Patrick E. Eddy | Intravenous connector having antimicrobial treatment |
US9480770B2 (en) | 2002-10-23 | 2016-11-01 | Covidien Lp | Methods for preparation of medical dressing containing antimicrobial agent |
US9675501B2 (en) | 2011-12-19 | 2017-06-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent article including superabsorbent yarn |
US9675735B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-06-13 | Parasol Medical LLC | Catheters having an antimicrobial treatment |
US9717249B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 | 2017-08-01 | Parasol Medical LLC | Office furnishings having an antimicrobial treatment |
US9877875B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2018-01-30 | Parasol Medical LLC | Antimicrobial hydrogel formulation |
US10399873B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2019-09-03 | Soane Mining, Llc | Removing finely dispersed particulate matter from a fluid stream |
US10570037B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2020-02-25 | Soane Mining, Llc | Systems and methods for removing finely dispersed particulate matter from a fluid stream |
US10822502B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 | 2020-11-03 | Parasol Medical LLC | Antimicrobial solution to apply to a hull and an interior of a boat |
US10864058B2 (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2020-12-15 | Parasol Medical, Llc | Antimicrobial treatment for a surgical headlamp system |
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