US7110646B2 - Tunable microfluidic optical fiber devices and systems - Google Patents
Tunable microfluidic optical fiber devices and systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7110646B2 US7110646B2 US10/094,093 US9409302A US7110646B2 US 7110646 B2 US7110646 B2 US 7110646B2 US 9409302 A US9409302 A US 9409302A US 7110646 B2 US7110646 B2 US 7110646B2
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- fiber
- fluid
- index
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/0208—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by their structure, wavelength response
- G02B6/021—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by their structure, wavelength response characterised by the core or cladding or coating, e.g. materials, radial refractive index profiles, cladding shape
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
- G02B6/02333—Core having higher refractive index than cladding, e.g. solid core, effective index guiding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
- G02B6/02338—Structured core, e.g. core contains more than one material, non-constant refractive index distribution in core, asymmetric or non-circular elements in core unit, multiple cores, insertions between core and clad
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
- G02B6/02366—Single ring of structures, e.g. "air clad"
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
- G02B6/02371—Cross section of longitudinal structures is non-circular
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
- G02B6/02376—Longitudinal variation along fibre axis direction, e.g. tapered holes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02385—Comprising liquid, e.g. fluid filled holes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/0239—Comprising means for varying the guiding properties, e.g. tuning means
Abstract
Description
λres=(n core −n clad)Λ (1)
where ncore is the effective core mode index, nclad is the effective cladding mode index, and Λ is the period of rating index modulation. The strength of the coupling, ΓLPG, which determines the depth of the associated resonance loss, is related to the length of the grating and the magnitude of the index modulation associated with it.
L grat(T pump)=L o −L comp{1−T o L total/(αT pump L pump +T o(L total −αL pump)} (2)
where To is the ambient temperature; Ltotal is the total length of unfilled channels; Lpump is the length of the pump heater; α(˜0.95) is a parameter that approximates the effects of axial thermal diffusion; and Lcomp is the air channel length beyond the fluid plug on the side of the fiber opposite to the pump heater. The LPG resonance strength, ΓLpG, decreases with this pumping due to the inhibited core-cladding coupling as discussed previously.
δ˜2π/(λ√{square root over (n eff 2 −n clad 2)}),
where λ is the light wavelength, neffis the effective core mode index and nclad is the index of the cladding. The coupling between the core mode and the grating depends on whether
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
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US10/094,093 US7110646B2 (en) | 2002-03-08 | 2002-03-08 | Tunable microfluidic optical fiber devices and systems |
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US10/094,093 US7110646B2 (en) | 2002-03-08 | 2002-03-08 | Tunable microfluidic optical fiber devices and systems |
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US20030169987A1 US20030169987A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
US7110646B2 true US7110646B2 (en) | 2006-09-19 |
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US10/094,093 Expired - Lifetime US7110646B2 (en) | 2002-03-08 | 2002-03-08 | Tunable microfluidic optical fiber devices and systems |
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Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20040115830A1 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-06-17 | Igor Touzov | Components for nano-scale Reactor |
US20070056853A1 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-15 | Lucnet Technologies Inc. | Micro-chemical mixing |
US9681552B2 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2017-06-13 | Alcatel Lucent | Fluid oscillations on structured surfaces |
US9839908B2 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2017-12-12 | Alcatel Lucent | Micro-chemical mixing |
US8734003B2 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2014-05-27 | Alcatel Lucent | Micro-chemical mixing |
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US20080181821A1 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-07-31 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Microfluidic chips for allergen detection |
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