US7179363B2 - Electrolytic process for generating chlorine dioxide - Google Patents
Electrolytic process for generating chlorine dioxide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7179363B2 US7179363B2 US10/604,712 US60471203A US7179363B2 US 7179363 B2 US7179363 B2 US 7179363B2 US 60471203 A US60471203 A US 60471203A US 7179363 B2 US7179363 B2 US 7179363B2
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- compartment
- chlorine dioxide
- alkali metal
- anode
- solution
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
Abstract
Description
-
- (I) Anode Compartment
- Oxidation of the chloride ion occurs at the anode:
- a. 2Cl−→Cl2+2e−
- Followed by a rapid hydrolysis of the chlorine:
- b. Cl2+H2O→HOCl+HCl
- HOCl then undergoes partial dissociation as follows:
- c. HOCl→H++OCl−
- Oxidation of water also occurs at the anode:
- d. 2H2O→O2+4H++4e−
- (II) Cathode Compartment
- Reduction of water occurs at the cathode:
- a. 2H2O+2e−→2OH−+H2
- (III) Central Compartment
- a. 2NaClO2+Cl2→2ClO2+2NaCl
- b. 2NaClO2+HOCl→HCl+2ClO2+H2O−2NaCl
- c. 5NaClO2+4H+→4ClO2+Cl−+2H2O
- (I) Anode Compartment
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/604,712 US7179363B2 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2003-08-12 | Electrolytic process for generating chlorine dioxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/604,712 US7179363B2 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2003-08-12 | Electrolytic process for generating chlorine dioxide |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050034997A1 US20050034997A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
US7179363B2 true US7179363B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
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---|---|---|---|
US10/604,712 Active 2024-10-13 US7179363B2 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2003-08-12 | Electrolytic process for generating chlorine dioxide |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US7179363B2 (en) |
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US20070037697A1 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-02-15 | Dimascio Felice | High surface area ceramic catalysts and the manufacture thereof |
US20090068325A1 (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-12 | Gil Depicciotto | Method of treatment of fresh produce |
US20110206597A1 (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-08-25 | Amit Gupta | Apparatus and method for producing a stable oxy-chloro acid |
US20120085657A1 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-04-12 | Sai Bhavaraju | Chemical systems and methods for operating an electrochemical cell with an acidic anolyte |
WO2021232111A1 (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-25 | Waterco Limited | Water sanitisation device, system and method |
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WO2007133535A2 (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2007-11-22 | Siemens Water Technologies Corp. | Electrolytic apparatus with polymeric electrode and methods of preparation and use |
US20080149570A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Zeiher E H Kelle | Method of cleaning and maintaining a membrane used with an aqueous stream |
US20080152578A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Amit Gupta | Apparatus for producing a stable oxy-chloro acid |
US20080152579A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Amit Gupta | Method of producing a stable oxy-chloro acid |
DE102007017625A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-16 | Hosni Dr. Khalaf | Process for the production of chlorine dioxide |
US20100178235A1 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-15 | Amit Gupta | Method of producing stable oxy-chloro acid |
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US20110079074A1 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2011-04-07 | Saroj Kumar Sahu | Hydrogen chlorine level detector |
WO2010138947A2 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Deeya Energy, Inc. | Methods of producing hydrochloric acid from hydrogen gas and chlorine gas |
WO2011025808A1 (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2011-03-03 | Callerame, James | Uv-based production of chlorine dioxide with electric current to increase yield |
US10046990B2 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2018-08-14 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Electrolytic method of generating chloride dioxide with improved theoretical yield |
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US4426263A (en) | 1981-04-23 | 1984-01-17 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Method and electrocatalyst for making chlorine dioxide |
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US5264089A (en) | 1990-02-06 | 1993-11-23 | Olin Corporation | Production of chlorine dioxide employing chloric acid - alkali metal chlorate mixtures |
US5296108A (en) | 1990-02-06 | 1994-03-22 | Olin Corporation | Electrochemical process for generating chlorine dioxide using chloric acid-alkali metal chlorate mixtures |
US5348659A (en) | 1992-03-18 | 1994-09-20 | Edr Acquisition Corp. | Countercurrent regeneration process |
US5391533A (en) | 1993-02-19 | 1995-02-21 | Amtx, Inc. | Catalyst system for producing chlorine dioxide |
US5419816A (en) | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-30 | Halox Technologies Corporation | Electrolytic process and apparatus for the controlled oxidation of inorganic and organic species in aqueous solutions |
US5435984A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1995-07-25 | Degussa Corporation | Catalyst for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide |
US5705050A (en) | 1996-04-29 | 1998-01-06 | Sampson; Richard L. | Electrolytic process and apparatus for the controlled oxidation and reduction of inorganic and organic species in aqueous solutions |
US5858246A (en) | 1997-01-14 | 1999-01-12 | Fountainhead Technologies, Inc. | Method of water purification with oxides of chlorine |
US5858191A (en) | 1996-09-23 | 1999-01-12 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and method |
US6024850A (en) | 1993-10-27 | 2000-02-15 | Halox Technologies Corporation | Modified ion exchange materials |
US6171485B1 (en) | 1995-04-25 | 2001-01-09 | Kueke Fritz | Process for producing a chlorine dioxide-containing disinfectant solution for water treatment |
US6203688B1 (en) | 1997-10-17 | 2001-03-20 | Sterling Pulp Chemicals, Ltd. | Electrolytic process for producing chlorine dioxide |
US20010005499A1 (en) | 1994-03-07 | 2001-06-28 | Daniel Ostgard | Catalyst and method for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide, and method of making catalyst for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide |
US6294108B1 (en) | 1997-03-03 | 2001-09-25 | Engelhard Corporation | Composition for the controlled release of chlorine dioxide gas |
-
2003
- 2003-08-12 US US10/604,712 patent/US7179363B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (51)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2717237A (en) | 1952-06-25 | 1955-09-06 | Bayer Ag | Production of chlorine dioxide |
US3386915A (en) | 1964-03-18 | 1968-06-04 | Solvay | Process for the manufacturing of chlorine dioxide in solution and the use of the solution thus obtained |
US3684437A (en) | 1970-09-14 | 1972-08-15 | Chem Generators Inc | Chlorous acid production |
US3763006A (en) | 1971-03-24 | 1973-10-02 | Chemical Generators Inc | Process for producing chlorine dioxide |
US3878072A (en) | 1973-11-01 | 1975-04-15 | Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp | Electrolytic method for the manufacture of chlorates |
US3884777A (en) | 1974-01-02 | 1975-05-20 | Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp | Electrolytic process for manufacturing chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine, alkali metal hydroxide and hydrogen |
US3904496A (en) | 1974-01-02 | 1975-09-09 | Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp | Electrolytic production of chlorine dioxide, chlorine, alkali metal hydroxide and hydrogen |
US4115217A (en) | 1976-05-11 | 1978-09-19 | Kemanord Ab | Process for electrolytic preparation of chlorites |
US4250144A (en) | 1979-06-14 | 1981-02-10 | Fischer & Porter Company | Chlorine dioxide generating system |
US4234446A (en) | 1979-10-09 | 1980-11-18 | Kenneth T. Place | Method and apparatus for producing chlorine dioxide |
US4308117A (en) | 1980-02-13 | 1981-12-29 | Sweeney Charles T | Generation of chlorine-chlorine dioxide mixtures |
US4432856A (en) | 1980-05-13 | 1984-02-21 | The Japan Carlit Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for manufacturing chlorine dioxide |
US4381290A (en) | 1981-04-23 | 1983-04-26 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Method and catalyst for making chlorine dioxide |
US4426263A (en) | 1981-04-23 | 1984-01-17 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Method and electrocatalyst for making chlorine dioxide |
US4362707A (en) | 1981-04-23 | 1982-12-07 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Preparation of chlorine dioxide with platinum group metal oxide catalysts |
US4542008A (en) | 1983-10-03 | 1985-09-17 | Olin Corporation | Electrochemical chlorine dioxide process |
US4632876A (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1986-12-30 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Ceramic spheroids having low density and high crush resistance |
US4725390A (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1988-02-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for making ceramic spheroids |
US4683039A (en) | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-28 | Tenneco Canada Inc. (Erco Division) | Membrane pervaporation process |
US4767510A (en) | 1987-06-03 | 1988-08-30 | Tenneco Canada Inc. | Electrolytic protection of chlorine dioxide |
US4853096A (en) | 1988-02-18 | 1989-08-01 | Tenneco Canada Inc. | Production of chlorine dioxide in an electrolytic cell |
US4806215A (en) | 1988-07-27 | 1989-02-21 | Tenneco Canada Inc. | Combined process for production of chlorine dioxide and sodium hydroxide |
US5078908A (en) | 1989-10-02 | 1992-01-07 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for generating chlorine dioxide and compositions for disinfecting |
US5106465A (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1992-04-21 | Olin Corporation | Electrochemical process for producing chlorine dioxide solutions from chlorites |
US5092970A (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1992-03-03 | Olin Corporation | Electrochemical process for producing chlorine dioxide solutions from chlorites |
US5041196A (en) | 1989-12-26 | 1991-08-20 | Olin Corporation | Electrochemical method for producing chlorine dioxide solutions |
US5084149A (en) | 1989-12-26 | 1992-01-28 | Olin Corporation | Electrolytic process for producing chlorine dioxide |
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US5242553A (en) | 1990-02-06 | 1993-09-07 | Olin Corporation | Chloric acid-alkali metal chlorate mixtures for chlorine dioxide generation |
US5248397A (en) | 1990-02-06 | 1993-09-28 | Olin Corporation | Chlorine dioxide generation from chloric acid - alkali metal chlorate mixtures |
US5264089A (en) | 1990-02-06 | 1993-11-23 | Olin Corporation | Production of chlorine dioxide employing chloric acid - alkali metal chlorate mixtures |
US5296108A (en) | 1990-02-06 | 1994-03-22 | Olin Corporation | Electrochemical process for generating chlorine dioxide using chloric acid-alkali metal chlorate mixtures |
US5242552A (en) | 1990-03-21 | 1993-09-07 | Eltech Systems Corporation | System for electrolytically generating strong solutions by halogen oxyacids |
US5008096A (en) | 1990-04-03 | 1991-04-16 | Bio-Cide International, Inc. | Catalyst enhanced generation of chlorine dioxide |
US5077258A (en) | 1990-06-15 | 1991-12-31 | Flex Products, Inc. | Vapor deposited metal catalytic film, process for making the same and liquid container with the film |
US5158658A (en) | 1990-10-31 | 1992-10-27 | Olin Corporation | Electrochemical chlorine dioxide generator |
US5348659A (en) | 1992-03-18 | 1994-09-20 | Edr Acquisition Corp. | Countercurrent regeneration process |
US5435984A (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1995-07-25 | Degussa Corporation | Catalyst for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide |
US5391533A (en) | 1993-02-19 | 1995-02-21 | Amtx, Inc. | Catalyst system for producing chlorine dioxide |
US5419816A (en) | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-30 | Halox Technologies Corporation | Electrolytic process and apparatus for the controlled oxidation of inorganic and organic species in aqueous solutions |
US5609742A (en) * | 1993-10-27 | 1997-03-11 | Halox Technologies Corporation | Electrolytic process and apparatus for the controlled reduction of inorganic and organic species in aqueous solutions |
US6024850A (en) | 1993-10-27 | 2000-02-15 | Halox Technologies Corporation | Modified ion exchange materials |
US20010005499A1 (en) | 1994-03-07 | 2001-06-28 | Daniel Ostgard | Catalyst and method for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide, and method of making catalyst for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide |
US6265343B1 (en) | 1994-03-07 | 2001-07-24 | Degussa Corporation | Catalyst and method for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide, and method of making catalyst for the synthesis of chlorine dioxide |
US6171485B1 (en) | 1995-04-25 | 2001-01-09 | Kueke Fritz | Process for producing a chlorine dioxide-containing disinfectant solution for water treatment |
US5705050A (en) | 1996-04-29 | 1998-01-06 | Sampson; Richard L. | Electrolytic process and apparatus for the controlled oxidation and reduction of inorganic and organic species in aqueous solutions |
US5858191A (en) | 1996-09-23 | 1999-01-12 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and method |
US5868915A (en) | 1996-09-23 | 1999-02-09 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and method |
US5858246A (en) | 1997-01-14 | 1999-01-12 | Fountainhead Technologies, Inc. | Method of water purification with oxides of chlorine |
US6294108B1 (en) | 1997-03-03 | 2001-09-25 | Engelhard Corporation | Composition for the controlled release of chlorine dioxide gas |
US6203688B1 (en) | 1997-10-17 | 2001-03-20 | Sterling Pulp Chemicals, Ltd. | Electrolytic process for producing chlorine dioxide |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070037697A1 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-02-15 | Dimascio Felice | High surface area ceramic catalysts and the manufacture thereof |
US20110212829A1 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2011-09-01 | Dimascio Felice | High surface area ceramic catalysts and the manufacture thereof |
US8551904B2 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2013-10-08 | Nalco Company | High surface area ceramic catalysts and the manufacture thereof |
US20090068325A1 (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-12 | Gil Depicciotto | Method of treatment of fresh produce |
US20110206597A1 (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-08-25 | Amit Gupta | Apparatus and method for producing a stable oxy-chloro acid |
US20120085657A1 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-04-12 | Sai Bhavaraju | Chemical systems and methods for operating an electrochemical cell with an acidic anolyte |
US9611555B2 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2017-04-04 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Chemical systems and methods for operating an electrochemical cell with an acidic anolyte |
WO2021232111A1 (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-25 | Waterco Limited | Water sanitisation device, system and method |
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