US7209049B2 - Distributed meter reading terminal - Google Patents
Distributed meter reading terminal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7209049B2 US7209049B2 US11/063,648 US6364805A US7209049B2 US 7209049 B2 US7209049 B2 US 7209049B2 US 6364805 A US6364805 A US 6364805A US 7209049 B2 US7209049 B2 US 7209049B2
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- Prior art keywords
- meter reading
- distributed
- information
- endpoints
- utility
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/60—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for transmitting utility meters data, i.e. transmission of data from the reader of the utility meter
Definitions
- a typical utility provider may manage multiple meters that provide information about utility usage by its customers.
- Management of utility meters may include tasks such as periodic meter reading and meter servicing. For example, a utility may schedule a set of meters on a particular geographic route for reading or servicing on a monthly basis, on an annual basis, or as otherwise needed.
- EMR electronic meter reading
- OMR off-site meter reading
- AMR automatic meter reading
- EMR electronic meter reading
- OMR off-site meter reading
- AMR automatic meter reading
- EMR electronic meter reading
- OMR off-site meter reading
- AMR automatic meter reading
- EMR electronic meter reading
- OMR off-site meter reading
- AMR automatic meter reading
- EMR electronic meter reading
- OMR off-site meter reading
- AMR automatic meter reading
- EMR electronic meter reading
- OMR off-site meter reading
- AMR automatic meter reading
- OMR uses radio-equipped handheld computers to read module-equipped electric, gas, or water meters via radio. This enables a meter to be read without directly accessing the meter or the premise.
- the radio-equipped handheld computer sends a radio “wake-up” signal to nearby radio-based meter modules installed on electric, gas, or water meters.
- the radio-based meter modules send the information at some configurable time interval (e.g., every five seconds).
- the handheld computer receives meter reading and tamper data back from the meter modules.
- OMR is normally used within a utility service territory to read meters that are otherwise hazardous or costly to read.
- Mobile AMR is similar to OMR.
- a radio transceiver is installed in a utility vehicle and route information is specified. While being driven along the specified meter reading route, the transceiver broadcasts a radio wake-up signal to all radio-based meter modules within its range and receives messages in response.
- mobile AMR can also use bubble-up techniques in place of wake-up techniques for transmission of data.
- Mobile AMR is usually used in saturated areas where there may be difficult-to-access or hazardous-to-read meters or large populations.
- Such devices may also be unsuitable for wireless meter management applications because they are electrically noisy, causing them to interfere in the reading of meters. Likewise, such devices may fail to perform well in real time probing (e.g., optical probing) applications due to the nondeterministic nature of their operating systems.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first example of a system on which the distributed meter reading technique can be implemented in one embodiment.
- FIGS. 2A–2C are block diagrams showing more detailed views of the input/output device of the system of FIG. 1 , and various example configurations of such a device.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a more detailed view of the computing device of the system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is a flow diagram showing an example of a transmit output routine performed by the gateway component of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 5 is a flow diagram showing an example of a receive input routine performed by the gateway component of FIG. 2 .
- a technique for reading meters within a utility system e.g., electric, gas, water utility
- a utility system e.g., electric, gas, water utility
- distributed meter reading device By separating a portable computing device from an input/output device, a distributed meter reading device is created.
- the input/output device may contain a display, touch screen, keypad, meter reading radio, optical probing interface, and any other useful meter management technology.
- the input/output device may be configured and packaged to withstand the rigors of meter reading activities.
- the input/output device may also contain a gateway, such as a wireless gateway, to allow it to communicate with the portable computing device.
- the portable computing device which can be housed in a protective, electrically shielded case to prevent leakage of electrical noise, remotes at least a portion of its display, touchpad, and keypad to the input/output device. Accordingly, an application or operating system running on the portable computing device can interact with the input/output device as if the input/output device was running the program.
- the distributed devices provide the input/output features associated with more specialized devices, but still allow the use of commercially available, off-the-shelf portable computers for most of the processing.
- use of distributed devices allows the computing device to be replaced or updated without having to replace the input/output device. In effect, the cost to develop and replace such computing devices is minimized. This cost is further minimized in embodiments where the distributed functionality provides a many-to-one relationship between input/output devices and portable computing devices.
- FIGS. 1–3 and the following discussion provide a brief, general description of a suitable computing environment in which the invention can be implemented.
- a general-purpose computer e.g., a server computer, wireless device, or personal computer.
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- FIGS. 1–3 and the following discussion provide a brief, general description of a suitable computing environment in which the invention can be implemented.
- aspects of the invention are described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as routines executed by a general-purpose computer, e.g., a server computer, wireless device, or personal computer.
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- wearable computers all manner of cellular or mobile phones, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, set-top boxes, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like.
- the terms “computer,” “host” and “host computer” are generally used interchangeably, and refer to any of the above devices and systems, as well as any data processor.
- aspects of the invention can be embodied in a special purpose computer or data processor that is specifically programmed, configured, or constructed to perform one or more of the computer-executable instructions explained in detail herein.
- aspects of the invention can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks or modules are performed by remote processing devices, which are linked through a communications network.
- program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
- aspects of the invention may be stored or distributed on computer-readable media, including magnetically or optically readable computer discs, as microcode on semiconductor memory, nanotechnology memory, or other portable data storage medium.
- computer-implemented instructions, data structures, screen displays, and other data under aspects of the invention may be distributed over the Internet or over other networks (including wireless networks), on a propagated signal on a propagation medium (e.g., an electromagnetic wave(s), a sound wave, etc.) over a period of time, or may be provided on any analog or digital network (packet switched, circuit switched, or other scheme).
- a propagation medium e.g., an electromagnetic wave(s), a sound wave, etc.
- packet switched, circuit switched, or other scheme any analog or digital network
- a meter reading system including a collection of meters ( 102 and 104 ), is shown.
- the meters ( 102 and 104 ) may be gas meters, electric meters, water meters, etc.
- the meters ( 102 and 104 ) can include standard meters 102 and/or solid state meters 104 .
- the meters ( 102 and 104 ) may be read using a combination of one or more input/output devices 106 and a computing device 108 , which collectively form one or more distributed meter reading terminals 110 . Data collected using the one or more distributed meter reading terminals 110 can then be routed to a host processor 112 .
- the combination input/output device 106 and computing device 108 may also receive geographic route data from the host processor 112 .
- the meter reading system may also include a utility billing system 114 .
- Communication between the one or more input/output devices 106 and the computing device 108 forming one or more distributed meter reading terminals 110 may be by any wired or wireless means, including Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11, cell phone protocols, satellite transmission, infrared, etc.
- the link between the computing device 108 and the meter reading host processor 112 can be through various means including direct download over a computer network or wireless network.
- the use of a local area network (LAN) may also be possible.
- more than one distributed meter reading terminal may be implemented using a computing device 108 and input/output devices 106 in a one-to-many relationship.
- the functions performed by either the input/output device 106 or the computing device 108 can be implemented as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), by a digital signal processing (DSP) integrated circuit, through conventional programmed logic arrays or through circuit elements. While the embodiments described herein are shown and described as being implemented in hardware (e.g., one or more integrated circuits designed specifically for a task), such embodiments could equally be implemented in software and be performed by one or more processors. Such software can be stored on any suitable computer-readable medium, such as microcode stored in a semiconductor chip, on a computer-readable disk, or downloaded from a server and stored locally at a client. Like the input output device, the computing device may be easily portable (e.g., worn on a belt-clip or backpack).
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- DSP digital signal processing
- the input/output device 106 of FIG. 1 is shown in more detail.
- the input/output device 106 may be carried by a meter reading operator and allows the operator to input information for meter reading (e.g., read commands) and view information resulting from meter reading applications.
- the input/output device 106 may have a rugged exterior designed for outdoor use in a variety of conditions (moisture, being dropped, extreme heat or cold, etc.) To protect it from noise, environmental contamination, and other interfering factors, the input/output device 106 may be surrounded by an electromagnetically shielded and environmentally sealed case or housing.
- the case or housing may be constructed from a strong metallic or plastic material, with electrically shielded waterproof connectors.
- any circuits inside the input/output device 106 that could generate electrical noise may be covered with a suitable electrical shielding material.
- any components that may be exposed to electrostatic discharge e.g., antennas and connectors
- transient suppression electronics may be protected with transient suppression electronics.
- the components of the input/output device 106 are designed to operate while being exposed to extremes in outdoor temperatures and ultraviolet rays. For example, display devices are designed to be easily readable in direct sunlight and touch screen devices are designed to be rugged enough to survive in rough and outdoor environments.
- the input/output device 106 may include any of a variety of standard input/output features, such as a display 202 , a touch screen 204 , a keypad 206 , microphone, and speaker, etc. It may also include special input features that facilitate meter reading applications, such as antiglare surfaces, special keys, etc. In addition, a dedicated processor 208 may be provided that provides processing capabilities for the input/output features.
- the input/output device 106 also includes a meter reading module 210 , an optical probing interface 212 , or both, for reading meters. Other meter reading modules may be included, depending on the type or types of meters to be read. Some devices may also include a GPS module 214 for facilitating route finding during meter reading applications.
- a wired or wireless gateway component 216 serves as an interface between the input/output device 106 and the computing device 108 . For example, it may facilitate packetizing information from the various components of the input/output device 106 and transmitting such components via various wireless transmission schemes to the computing device 108 .
- each component of the input/output device 106 may have its own IP address to facilitate packetizing data to be sent to the computing device 108 . In this way, packets can be sent in a serial packet stream 218 to the computing device 108 .
- data received from the computing device 108 may come in the form of an input stream 220 that the wireless gateway component 216 can disseminate to the various components of the input/output device 106 . Examples of routines for output and input at the wireless gateway component 216 are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , respectively.
- the display 202 of the input/output device 106 is protected with a thick polycarbonate window, and the keys are designed to be completely sealed against the elements, while providing tactile feedback to the operator, even through warm winter gloves. Inside the housing, the electronic components may be shock mounted to protect against severe drop stresses.
- the ergonomics of the input/output device 106 may be optimized for meter reading field applications (e.g., light weight and configured for one-hand operation).
- FIGS. 2B–2C various examples of specific modules that may comprise an input output/device (e.g., the input/output device 106 of FIGS. 1 and 2A ) are shown.
- the various components of the input/output device may an application specific integrated circuit/field programmable gateway (ASIC/FPGA) component 248 , an MSP430 component 250 , a power supply regulator (e.g., 5/3 volt) 252 , a transceiver board 254 , and an and an RS232 USB Ethernet component 266 .
- FIG. 2B shows another alternate configuration of an input/output device that includes many of the components of FIG. 2B , with a receiver board 270 in place of the transceiver board 254 .
- the computing device 108 of FIG. 1 includes various features for communication with the input/output device 106 .
- the computing device 108 may be surrounded by an electromagnetically shielded and environmentally sealed case or housing 300 .
- the case or housing 300 may be made of a strong metallic or plastic material to protect the internal device from sunlight, water, rain, wind, snow and ice, temperature extremes, electrostatic discharges, vibration, dust, dirt, drop stress, etc.
- the computing device 108 may also be mounted in a padded case, with thermal insulation to protect it from temperature extremes.
- the case or housing 300 may also include shock mounting techniques, such as soft plastic elastomers, springs, etc., to protect the device from drop stresses.
- any exposed connections may be protected with electrostatic discharge suppression devices, and any items of the computing device that remain visibly exposed may be protected behind a rugged window.
- the case or housing 300 could also house additional items such as larger battery devices to allow the computing device 108 to operate for a longer period of time than the normal use for the device. Additionally, thermal management (heating or cooling) could be provided within the case or housing to provide a suitable environment for the computing device, irrespective of the external conditions.
- the computing device 108 itself may be worn on a belt of the meter reader operator, on a shoulder strap, etc.
- the relationship between the computing device 108 and the input/output device 106 can be one-to-many or one-to-one, depending on the application.
- the computing device itself 108 contains one or more meter reading applications 302 , a processor 306 , a memory 308 , data storage 310 , and a gateway component 304 (although some or all of these separate blocks may be monolithically integrated).
- the processor 306 may be any logic processing unit, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc.
- the gateway component 304 at the computing device 108 may manage input 312 and output 314 streams to and from the input/output device 106 .
- the computing device 108 may incorporate wireless technologies such that digital data and voice communications can be provided, thereby eliminating the need for the operator to carry additional devices (e.g., mobile phone, PDA, etc.).
- the computing device's operating system may, in some embodiments, serve as a virtual operating system for the various components of the input/output device 106 .
- each component in the input/output device 106 may have its own IP address that the gateway component 304 of the computing device 108 may recognize.
- the link from the input/output device 106 to the computing device 108 is of sufficient bandwidth or capability to facilitate the consolidations of multiple IP streams.
- Protocols used to communicate between the input/output device 106 and the computing device 108 may vary but may include protocols such as a transport layer IP base protocol. In using such protocols, the components of the input/output device 106 are virtually connected to the operating system operating on the computing device 108 as though they were physically housed in the computing device 108 .
- processing and memory capabilities currently illustrated as being located in the computing device 108 may be alternatively located, at least partially, in the input/out device 106 .
- FIGS. 1 , 2 , and 3 are of conventional design. As a result, such blocks need not be described in further detail herein, as they will be readily understood by those skilled in the relevant art.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 flow diagrams show processes that occur within the system of FIG. 1 . These flow diagrams do not show all functions or exchanges of data but, instead, provide an understanding of commands and data exchanged under the system. Those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that some functions or exchanges of commands and data may be repeated, varied, omitted, or supplemented, and other aspects not shown may be readily implemented. For example, instead of a file, data may be transmitted through a message queue, over HTTP, etc.
- FIG. 4 is a flow diagram showing a routine performed by the gateway component 216 of FIG. 2A to output data to the computing device 108 of FIG. 1 .
- the routine 400 begins at block 401 where the routine 400 receives data from one or more of the input/output components of the input/output device 106 .
- the routine 400 packetizes the data received from the component of the input/output device 106 . This may include adding an IP address that corresponds to the input/output component so that the gateway component at the computing device 108 will recognize the source of the packets.
- the routine 400 transmits the packets to the computing device 108 . This may be done in a serialized format, so that no packets are dropped. The routine 400 then ends.
- a routine 500 performed by the wireless gateway component 216 of FIG. 2A is shown.
- the routine 500 receives packets from the computing device 108 .
- the routine 500 decodes the packets according to the protocol used.
- the routine 500 possibly via the gateway component, formats the data so that it can be read by the one or more components of the input/output device 106 .
- the routine 500 distributes instructions to the appropriate input/output components. The routine then ends.
- connection means any connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements; the coupling of connection between the elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof.
Abstract
Description
Claims (23)
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US11/063,648 US7209049B2 (en) | 2004-02-19 | 2005-02-22 | Distributed meter reading terminal |
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US54587704P | 2004-02-19 | 2004-02-19 | |
US11/063,648 US7209049B2 (en) | 2004-02-19 | 2005-02-22 | Distributed meter reading terminal |
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US8842712B2 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2014-09-23 | Gregory C. Hancock | Methods and apparatuses for reception of frequency-hopping spread spectrum radio transmissions |
US9582020B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-02-28 | Dominion Resources, Inc. | Maximizing of energy delivery system compatibility with voltage optimization using AMI-based data control and analysis |
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US9553453B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-01-24 | Dominion Resources, Inc. | Management of energy demand and energy efficiency savings from voltage optimization on electric power systems using AMI-based data analysis |
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US9563218B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-02-07 | Dominion Resources, Inc. | Electric power system control with measurement of energy demand and energy efficiency using t-distributions |
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US9678520B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-06-13 | Dominion Resources, Inc. | Electric power system control with planning of energy demand and energy efficiency using AMI-based data analysis |
US9847639B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-12-19 | Dominion Energy, Inc. | Electric power system control with measurement of energy demand and energy efficiency |
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