US755430A - Method of separating dust from dust-laden air. - Google Patents

Description

. No. 755,430. PATENTE D MAR. 22, 1904.

W. E. ALLINGTON.

METHOD OF',SEPARATING DUST FROM DUST LADEN AIR.

APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 27, 1903. 7

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PATENTED MAR. 22, 1904.

W. E. ALLINGTON. METHOD OF SEPARATING DUST FROM DUST LADEN AIR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27; 1903.

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WILLIAM E. ALLINGTON, OF SAGINAW, MICHIGAN.

METHOD OF SEPARATING DUST FROM DUST-LADEN AIR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 755,430, dated March 22, 1904:.

Application filed November 27, 1903. Serial No. 182,789. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WVILLIAM E. ALLINGTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Saginaw, in the county of Saginaw and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Methods of Separating Dust from Dust-Laden Air, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a new method for separating dust from dust-laden air by the rotation of the air in a suitable receptacle by means of counteracting air-currents, whereby the dominating force counteracts the opposing force in producing the revolution of the dust-laden air in the separating-receptacle; and the invention consists in the method hereinafter particularly described and claimed.

The objects of my invention are, first, to obtain separation of the dust from the air by means of a rotary or centrifugal motion of the dust-laden air within the chamber; second, to prevent back pressure upon the fan or fans producing the air-currents which give the rotary motion in the dust-separating chamber; third, to control the centrifugal movement of the air, so as to produce favorable action on the dust-laden air in the separatingchamber in the process of separating the dust from the air; fourth, other objects hereinafter described and claimed. These objects I accomplish by means of the process hereinafter described.

In the drawings I have shown my preferred form of dust-collector, which is one of the many forms which may be used in carrying out my invention.

Figure 1 shows a plan view of a dust-collector provided with means for carrying out my invention. Fig. 2 shows a side elevation of the same, showing the two openings which receive the air from the air pipes or tubes into the dust-separating chamber, the dotted lines in Fig. 2 showing the tubular guard and intercepting-disk supported within the inner walls of the chamber. Fig. 3 shows a vertical sectional view of the dust-separating chamber, showing the guard within the chamber in elevation. Fig. 4: shows my preferred form of Valve mechanism for regulating the force of the counteracting air currents. Fig. 5 shows a plan view of a slightly modified form, the air being carried into the separatingchamber and there divided. Fig. 6 shows a vertical sectional view on the line X X of Fig. 5 looking toward the air-inlets.

The separation of dust from dust-laden air by means of what has been commonly termed centrifugal force, produced by revolving the air in a dust-separating chamber, has been in practical use for many years, and many forms, sizes, and shapes of separating-chambers have been used; but, so far as I know, the air has always been brought into the chamher through pipes or tubes, giving a strong revolving motion to the air, so as to mass the dust against the inner wall of the separatingchamber, and no counteracting currents have been allowed to interfere with such incoming current or currents.

In the practical use of my invention I usea dust-separating chamber of any suitable form and size, introduce the dust-laden air into the chamber by means of a pipe or pipes in such amanner as to give the dust-laden air a revolving motion in said dust-separating chamber, and introduce one or more counter aircurrents, soas to modify the force of the revolving air in the chamber. I prefer to have the pipe carrying the bulk of the dust contain the predominating force; but this is not necessary to my invention, the invention residing in the use in the separating-chamber of two counteracting forces caused by air-currents, one force predominating over the other, so as to produce the continual revolution of the air in the chamber in one direction notwithstanding said counteracting force.

In the drawings, which illustrate one form in which my invention can be developed, I have shown a dust-collector having a cylindrical part E and a lower conical part F and a top K, also an inner tubular guard D, terminating at the bottom with the flaring portion C. Below the guard D is preferably placed whatI term a deflecting-disk H, supported by the hangers R or by any suitable means.

A represents the main air-inlet pipe, which has an openingplaced,preferably,a little lower than the opening from the air-inlet B and is shown more clearly in .Fig. 2. Both side openings are tangential in form, the air-current through one of the said pipes, preferably said pipe A, being greater in volume and force than the air-current through the other pipe. The air carried into the separating-chamber through the pipe A will give a rotary motion to the air in the direction indicated by the arrow N, while the air entering the chamber tangentially through the pipe B would, if unimpeded, reverse the motion of the air and turn it in an opposite direction; but the aircurrent in the pipe B meeting the stronger air-current through the pipeA will be turned back, and the whole body of the dust-laden air will be dominated by the stronger force and will be revolved in the direction indicated, thereby mixing the opposing air-currents and thoroughly separating the dust from the air, the dust passing downwardly and out the lower opening G and the purified air passing upwardly and out the top opening J.

In the drawingsI have shown the main dustpipe leading from the fan by M. The fan, however, being of the ordinary construction is not shown. The dust is driven through the pipe by the fan in the ordinary manner. This pipe M, which carries the dust, is divided into branches, (indicated by the pipes A and B,) and the air enters the separating-chamber, as above described. It will be understood, however, that any other arrangement of the pipes may be used, provided the counteracting forces are produced by means of air-currents entering the separating-chamber in different directions.

In the modified form shown in Figs. 5 and 6 I have indicated the divided pipe by A and B. The operation of the device, as shown in Figs 5 and 6, is substantially the same as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3; but in Figs. 5 and 6 the air is introduced into the chamber E and there divided, so as to take opposing directions. This form in some cases may be preferable to the other form.

I have not deemed it necessary to show other forms for utilizing my invention; but it will be evident that the invention can be applied in numerous ways and in separating chambers of different shapes and sizes.

In order to regulate the air-currents so as'to form the proper degree of each opposing force, I provide a valve which in the form illustrated is placed in the pipe M, as shown in Fig. 4 by P. This valve is properly hinged or pivoted at L.

O is a graduated scale for adjusting the valve P in any required position to regulate the flow of the air through the pipes A.

I will now proceed to describe the operation of my invention when carried out in the dustseparating chamber shown and described in the drawings.

The dust-laden air is driven through the pipe M by means of a fan (not shown) up to the point where the pipe M branches, when the greater part of the air passes through the pipe A and enters the separating-chamber tangentially, causing the dust-laden air to revolve within the chamber in the direction shown by the arrow N in Fig. 1. This aircurrent I call the dominating current. The lesser or dominated air-current passes through the pipe Band enters the separating-chamber tangentially, and thereby tends to revolve the air in the chamber in adirection opposite the direction indicated by the arrow N, so that the air entering through the pipe B has a tendency to intercept and arrest the air-current coming into the chamber through the pipe A, but not with sufficient force to overcome the force caused by the incoming dominant current. This counteracting effect will lessen the velocity of the incoming current and will thoroughly mix the air; but such air will still continue to revolve in the direction shown by the arrow and a rotary motion will be set up in the chamber which is the resultant between the contending forces.

I prefer to have the opening from the pipe B in the chamber placed above the opening from the pipe A, so that the dust particles carried by the pipe B, if any there should be,

must pass down and through the dominating current.

Inasmuch as some irregular currents are liable to be created, the flaring portion C of the tubular guard D is located below the opening of the pipe A, so as to prevent such irregular currents from carrying dust particles through and out the guard-tube at J before the rotary motion is fully established and an even centrifugal action has taken control of the dust particles as they pass from the cylindrical portion of the chamber to the conical portion, the dust traveling in spiral lines and in a thin layer down the entire surface of the tapering conical portion of the chamber.

The disk H is used to intercept any induced air-currents which may pass up through the central portion of the dust-exit G and tend to carry dust out at the top of the chamber, said disk causing any dust particles which may possibly rise above the same to be thrown direction dominating the opposing force so as to produce and keep up the rotary movement of the air Within the chamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 5 my hand in presence of tWo subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM E. ALLINGTON.

Witnesses:

EDWARD TAGGART, MARY S. TOOKER.

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