US7716923B2 - System for assisting regeneration of pollution management means in an exhaust line - Google Patents
System for assisting regeneration of pollution management means in an exhaust line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US7716923B2 US7716923B2 US11/571,256 US57125605A US7716923B2 US 7716923 B2 US7716923 B2 US 7716923B2 US 57125605 A US57125605 A US 57125605A US 7716923 B2 US7716923 B2 US 7716923B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- regeneration
- threshold values
- particle filter
- depollution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related, expires
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D41/1408—Dithering techniques
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0295—Control according to the amount of oxygen that is stored on the exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/10—Carbon or carbon oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/12—Hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/16—Oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a system for assisting the regeneration of depollution means associated with means forming oxidation catalyst implementing an OSC function constituting an oxygen reserve, integrated in an exhaust line of a motor vehicle diesel engine.
- the invention relates to such a system in which the engine is associated with common rail means for the supply of fuel to the cylinders thereof.
- the soot trapped therein is burned thanks to the thermal energy provided by the engine and to the exotherm performed by the conversion of the HC and of the CO on means forming oxidation catalyst placed upstream of the particle filter.
- This combustion can be assisted by a catalyst element mixed with the soot, coming, for example, from a regeneration assistance additive, mixed with the fuel for the supply of the engine, or by a catalyst deposited directly on the walls of the particle filter (catalyzed particle filter).
- the objective of the invention is to propose such a strategy.
- an object of the invention is a system for assisting the regeneration of depollution means associated with means forming oxidation catalyst implementing an OSC function, constituting an oxygen reserve and integrated in an exhaust line of a motor vehicle diesel engine, in which the engine is associated with common rail means for the supply of fuel to the cylinders thereof, characterized in that it comprises means for determining the number of incomplete regenerations of the depollution means and for comparing this number to predetermined threshold values, to drive the engine in a first operation mode with lean mixture for a number lower than the threshold values or in a second operation mode implementing sequences of operation of the engine alternating operation phases with rich mixture and with lean mixture for a number higher than the threshold values.
- FIG. 1 shows a system for assisting the regeneration of depollution means designated by the general reference 1 , associated with means forming oxidation catalyst, implementing an OSC function constituting an oxygen reserve, designated by the general reference 2 , and placed in an exhaust line 3 of a motor vehicle engine.
- the engine is designated by the general reference 4 and can be associated, for example, with a turbo-compressor whose turbine portion 5 is associated with the exhaust line and whose compressor portion 6 is placed upstream of the engine.
- the engine is associated with common rail means for the supply of fuel to the cylinders thereof designated by the general reference 7 , whose operation is controlled by a supervisor 8 .
- this system also comprises means for determining the number of incomplete regenerations of the depollution means and means for comparing this number with predetermined threshold values to control the operation of the engine.
- the supervisor of the depollution means estimates improperly the amount of soot that is present in the filter.
- the determination of an incomplete regeneration can be performed in any appropriate manner already known of the state of the art, by using, for example, mapping means, the time passed above a certain temperature of the exhaust line, a calculation of the average temperature at the inlet of the depollution means during the regeneration attempt, a mathematical model of decrementation of the mass of soot trapped in the depollution menas, in which the speed of combustion of the soot is a function of the temperature of the gases, etc.
- This number thus determined is subsequently compared to threshold values to determine the optimal strategy to be applied.
- the supervisor and the common rail means for the supply of fuel are adapted to drive the engine in a first operation mode of regeneration with lean mixture for a number lower than the threshold values, or in a second operation mode of regeneration implementing sequences of operation of the engine alternating operation phases with rich mixture and with lean mixture, for a number higher than the threshold values.
- These operation phases with rich or lean mixture are established in a standard manner by modifying the parameters for controlling the operation of the engine.
- FIG. 2 This is illustrated on FIG. 2 , on which the exotherms connected to the passage to the rich operation mode of the engine is clearly visible.
- the diesel engine In rich mode, the diesel engine emits a large amount of CO and unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases.
- the amount of oxygen present in the gases is highly reduced (lower than 2-3% and sometimes to less than 1%).
- the passage of these gases in the means forming oxidation catalyst enables the combustion of the CO and of the HC by the oxygen present in the gases.
- an oxygen reserve Oxygen Storage Capacity
- cerium which stores oxygen in the form of cerium oxide —CeO 2 — or a mixed oxide of cerium and zirconium in the means forming oxidation catalyst, makes it possible to release oxygen during the passages of the engine in rich mode.
- the combustion of the CO and of the HC is an exothermic reaction and makes it possible to increase the thermal levels at the outlet of the means forming oxidation catalyst, i.e., in fact, the inlet of the particle filter.
- the passage in rich operation mode makes it thus possible to heat the exhaust gases more, which accelerates the speed of regeneration of the particle filter.
- the increase of the thermal levels makes it possible to reduce the dosage of the additive and thus to increase the distance covered by the vehicle before cleanup of the filter.
- this additive is indeed present in the particles after combustion of the additivized fuel in the engine.
- the depollution means can comprise a particle filter, catalyzed or not, a NOx trap, etc.
- depollution means can also be impregnated with an SCR formulation ensuring a CO/HC oxidation function in a standard manner.
- depollution means and the means forming oxidation catalyst can be integrated into a single and same element, in particular on the same substrate.
- a particle filter integrating the oxidation function can be envisioned.
- This oxidation and/or NOx trap function can be fulfilled, for example, by an additive mixed with the fuel.
Abstract
Description
-
- the depollution means comprise a particle filter;
- the particle filter is catalyzed;
- the depollution means comprise a NOx trap;
- the fuel comprises an additive intended to be deposited, with the particles with which it is mixed, on the depollution means to facilitate their regeneration;
- the fuel comprises an additive forming NOx trap;
- the depollution means are impregnated with an SCR formulation, ensuring a CO/HC oxidation function;
- the engine is associated with a turbo-compressor.
-
-
FIG. 1 is a synoptic schematic view illustrating the structure of an assistance system according to the invention; and -
FIG. 2 illustrates the operation thereof.
-
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0406860 | 2004-06-23 | ||
FR0406860A FR2872208B1 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2004-06-23 | SYSTEM FOR AIDING THE REGENERATION OF DEPOLLUTION MEANS INTEGRATED IN AN EXHAUST LINE |
PCT/FR2005/050470 WO2006005870A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2005-06-21 | System for assisting regeneration of pollution management means in an exhaust line |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080314024A1 US20080314024A1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
US7716923B2 true US7716923B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 |
Family
ID=34947168
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/571,256 Expired - Fee Related US7716923B2 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2005-06-21 | System for assisting regeneration of pollution management means in an exhaust line |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7716923B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1759106B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE427417T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602005013667D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2872208B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006005870A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2872214B1 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2006-11-03 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE REGENERATION OF MEANS OF DEPOLLUTION |
FR2872213B1 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2006-11-03 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | EMERGENCY MEANS REGENERATION SYSTEM FOR MOTOR VEHICLE ENGINE |
DE602006016094D1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2010-09-23 | Fiat Ricerche | Regeneration of a diesel particulate filter |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2774421A1 (en) | 1998-02-02 | 1999-08-06 | Peugeot | Operational control of diesel engine exhaust particle filter |
EP0708809B1 (en) | 1993-07-12 | 2000-09-20 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | METHOD FOR REDUCING EMISSIONS OF NOx AND PARTICULATES FROM A DIESEL ENGINE |
EP1041262A2 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-04 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Control apparatus for spark ignition type direct injection engine |
FR2802572A1 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-22 | Ecia Equip Composants Ind Auto | Diesel engine exhaust particle filter regenerator uses fuel post-injection during expansion phase and heater immediately before filter |
US6615577B2 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-09-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for controlling a regeneration cycle of an emission control device |
US20030200745A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-10-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Control for diesel engine with particulate filter |
US20030200742A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-10-30 | Smaling Rudolf M. | Apparatus and method for regenerating a particulate filter of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine |
EP1405999A2 (en) | 2002-10-05 | 2004-04-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating an internal combustion engine and corresponding internal combustion engine |
-
2004
- 2004-06-23 FR FR0406860A patent/FR2872208B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-06-21 US US11/571,256 patent/US7716923B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-21 WO PCT/FR2005/050470 patent/WO2006005870A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-06-21 AT AT05778080T patent/ATE427417T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-21 DE DE602005013667T patent/DE602005013667D1/en active Active
- 2005-06-21 EP EP05778080A patent/EP1759106B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0708809B1 (en) | 1993-07-12 | 2000-09-20 | Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc. | METHOD FOR REDUCING EMISSIONS OF NOx AND PARTICULATES FROM A DIESEL ENGINE |
FR2774421A1 (en) | 1998-02-02 | 1999-08-06 | Peugeot | Operational control of diesel engine exhaust particle filter |
EP1041262A2 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-04 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Control apparatus for spark ignition type direct injection engine |
US6325041B1 (en) | 1999-03-30 | 2001-12-04 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Control apparatus for spark ignition type direct injection engine |
FR2802572A1 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-22 | Ecia Equip Composants Ind Auto | Diesel engine exhaust particle filter regenerator uses fuel post-injection during expansion phase and heater immediately before filter |
US6615577B2 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-09-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for controlling a regeneration cycle of an emission control device |
US20030200745A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-10-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Control for diesel engine with particulate filter |
US20030200742A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-10-30 | Smaling Rudolf M. | Apparatus and method for regenerating a particulate filter of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine |
EP1405999A2 (en) | 2002-10-05 | 2004-04-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating an internal combustion engine and corresponding internal combustion engine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Bunting, A, "Springing the trap", Automotive Engineer, Mechanical Engineering Publi. Ltd. Bury St. Edmunds, GB, pp. 73-74, May 2000. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602005013667D1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
FR2872208A1 (en) | 2005-12-30 |
ATE427417T1 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
WO2006005870A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
FR2872208B1 (en) | 2006-11-03 |
EP1759106A1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
US20080314024A1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
EP1759106B1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA, FRANCE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:COLIGNON, CHRISTOPHE;REEL/FRAME:019863/0073 Effective date: 20070820 Owner name: PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA,FRANCE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:COLIGNON, CHRISTOPHE;REEL/FRAME:019863/0073 Effective date: 20070820 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20140518 |