US8025A - Apparatus eor boltiitg flouk - Google Patents

Description

-FAGIN L HAY-MAN.

Mm Bolt. 'f

.Y No. 8,025.' Y I Patented Apri! 8, 1851i.

1HE :can L'mmRAPHmG co wAsmNGVON. u4 Hc.

" FAGIN AND H.` C.`HAYMAN, OFV CINCINNATI, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR BOLTING FLO'UR.

specieafion of Letters Patent Nq. 8,025. dated Aprii e, i851.

To all whom t may concern: j j j j Be it lmown that we, LEWIS FAGIn and HENRY C.` HAYMAN, both of thelcity of `Cincinnati `and State of Ohio, have jointly invented new and useful Improvement in j Bolting Flour `or other Pulverized Material `and we do hereby declare the following `to be a full, clear, and exact description Vof the same, reference being hadto the annexed drawings, making part of thls speciication, in whiche-` i Figures l, 2` and 3 give such representa-` tions of the same as may beV readily under-` persons skilled in this branch of stood by industry. i. j v

The application of a blast of air to `grinding or bolting purposes is not newuas reference to several patents grantedby the United States will readily show. `The difiiculty in bolting lies in the mode of application and` we have after many practical experiments jointly discovered and invented the mode and means of this ap lication.

It is obvious that a blast o air must be continuous or else a blast cannot be main tained. It is also well known to millers that the bolting cloth is least effective when its j meshes are under a` continuous heavy feed. -This is the reason why the meal has been forced through the meshes of the bolting cloth by brushes but without satisfactory results, and we have found the same difficulty, in a more objectionable form re` sulting fromlthe application of a blastof air upon the entire surface of the bolting i cloth, to wit: that the meshes of the cloth would lill up and the boltingcease.

. reason `of this is that after the first impulse of the blast the meal packs in the meshes,

under the continuous pressure of the blast.

. The economy with regard to machinery and` time occupiedin bolting and the superiority of the flour manufactured under the atmospheric grinding and bolting processes have been tried `and admitted by millers. The` object `remainingwas to apply these processes in the best way. Referrmg to Lewis Fagins Patent dated 30th October 1849 for improvements in grinding we confine ourselves here to the enumeration of our joint invention and improvements in bolting, the practical diiliculties in which are met in `their order and overcome by the said f improvements. j

It is `first necessary to` supply the `meal and this is done by the hopper (A) (Fig. l,

`the blast-cylinder .and bolting cloth The` which drops the feed down the tube (B) to the` openings (C) in `theframe of the boltingymachine, `which openings (C) lead tothe topoff the blast-cylinder (E) `land through the space (D) between the cylinderand its frame to the space (F) between Therfeed being fon and the blast applied a portion `of the lour is instantlybolted,

when from the packing of and the increased proportion of the bran to the meal :com-

beating the oi'al at `a suitable distance adown the range of the machine. This we mingled with it, there isa necessity `for effect by inserting a ring of beaters (G) i instead of continuing the bolting-cloth, putting the beatersalso on the blast-cylinder and thus for a time `interrupting the bolting `to give place to the process of loosening the remainingflour from the bran. Thls being' .eected, the bolting process is resumed and continued until the iinest and best flour,

which is known tobe closest to the bran, is made 'to yielditshold and passythrough the bolting cloth., i

. `o effect the bolting vof economic-al` `way and obtain `the greatest yield, we have found that it is necessary to give so much of the meal (which While under the impulse of the blast, does `not pass Hour in the most j i.

through the bolting cloth but `has a ten dency to clog its meshes) an interval `of time duringwhich the law of gravity compels` themeal to fall from the meshes and be prepared for another percussion from the air-blast as each succeeding current or issue i of the blast `meets it while thus dropping down the chamber or space (F). We have also found that it is desirable to disturb the position of the leaf of bran as often as possible and thus Dive each leaf ofthe bran i .the chance of striking the bolting-cloth with i its broad surface and thus avoid the speck` ing of the flour. It is `also desirable to protract the drop of the meal as long as possible; because it is best to use the most com-I pact machine.` All these `things we effect by causin the blast `to issueV from spiral mouths passing from top to bottom of the blast cylinder (E) between the air tight spaces (3, 3, 3,) whether the blast is produced by vanes within the blast cylinder or by a separate fan forcing the air i therein as the cylinder with the spiral issue revolves, say 1,000 revolutions per minute `more or less. 'Thenumber of issuesneces- A(u) and (H).

' drawn 1n by vanes on the sary are determined Vby the diameter of the blast cylinder used. They should however be suiiiciently far apart to allow of suitable intervals during which so much of the flour and bran as sticks may fall on" from the bolting clot-h. This spiral division of the blast into currents has (through the eddies it causes) a sort of loosening ripping up and twisting action, which is peculiarly effective in the bolting of the meal or flour. The blast being thus made to issue as it were on small and detached portions of the bolting cloth by means o 't' the apertures (whether they run in a spiral line continuously from top to bottom of the cylinder or are made to consist of a series of short issues) an interval ot' time is gained between the action oi' succeeding issues upon any one portion of the bolting cloth, whereby eddies are produced and the meal is allowed to relax its holdon and fall from the cloth and undergo a sort of refeeding .to the impulse of the blast from the next issue.

Our boltingsmachine has the receiving chamber (Q), delivering issues (R), collecting chamber (S), scraper' (T) and spouts The scraper (T) maybe appended to a revolving tube (N) which is attached to the blast cylinder 'for the purpose of conducting the air whether forced in through the tubes (L) and stationary tube (M) by a fan (K) on the s indle (I) or last cylinder itself. The amount of blast can be regulated in various ways.

We have also 'found that under atmospheric bolting it is necessary to provide against wastage of the material bolted; the light flour being liable to be carried o by the escaping blast, and it is obvious that this tendency to wastage must be counteracted and yet no detriment be done to the free escape of the blast. This we effect by placing over the bolting machine, proper, one or more chambers suitably closed at top for the eddying and lulling the blast, and catching the flour, and having an angular root or sides inclining toward each other at top for the flour to drop from and slide down as it accumulates. These chambers are represented in Fig. l at (Y) and at (l). The chamber (Y) gathers its flour through the opening (X) and delivers the flour it gathers into a chamber below the openings (Z) and from this chamber the Hour falls into the chamber (S) through the openings (&). The chamber (Y) follows the periphery ot the top of the bolting machine and is of course circular. The chamber (l) is also circular and surrounds the feed tube (B).

it were, by the outer side vof the chamber (l). Above this point the vent for the blast is rapidly expanded as seen at (YV) which is a screen, that again, under the mose quieted escape of the blast, (an eii'ect due to the expansion given it) detains a further proportion of the iour. This flour so gathered by the chambers (Y) and (l) and the screen (W) is discharged as soon as it accumulates and packs sufficiently to fall back from its weight through the escaping blast. The part of the machine containing these chambers 'may be removed-for purposes of portability they are essential to the machine, but in mills the blast may be conducted to the hopper-Coy room and there escape Without loss of iiour.

The bottom of the chamber (Q) is perforated by openings (R) for the purpose of delivering the flour, that falls in the chamber (Q), directly to the gathering chamber (S), thereby keeping the chamber (Q) in constantly good operative condition.

Fig. 2 represent the process of grinding and bolting combined.

Having thus fully clearly and exactly described the nature and operation of our joint invention we wish it distinctly understood that we do not claim the broad principle of bolting meal by an air blast as this has been imperfectly done before, but

What we do claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. The application of a blast cylinder with spiral issues, as described, to the process ot' bolting flour o r other pulverized material, by means of which during a continuous blast, the meal is consecutively thrown against the bolting cloth and so much as is not passed through at once, is given an interval of time to fall from the cloth and leave open the meshes; and is thus as it were refed to the impulse of the blast Jfrom each succeeding issue; the intermittent action at the same time causing eddies that loosen and as it were rip up the bran and flour from the cloth, separate the bran from the flour, and twirl the particles of bran in such a manner as to leave the lour tree to pass through while the bran. from the twirl thus given it is caused to present its broadest surface to the bolting cloth, the specking of the flour being thereby prevented and avoided; the several parts being arranged substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

2. We also claim the insertion of a set of beaters at a suitable distance down the bolting cloth and blast cylinder, which during the bolting process shall interrupt the same at a time when the bran requires beating in order to loosen the flour from it preparatory to the further continuance of the bolting process substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

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3. We also claim` the chambers (l) by means of which the light flour, car` rie'd up by the escape of the blast, is regathered and returned to the usual gathering 5 chamber (S) substantially in the manner and for the purpose described. y In testimony whereof, We have hereunto (Y) and set our hands before two subscribing Wit nesses.` i

LEWIS FAGIN. HENRY C. HAYMANJ Witnesses: t

LEWIS GLENN, E. H. PUGH.

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