US815363A - Centrifugal machine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 815,363. PATENTED MAR. 20, 1906 G. TER MEBR. GENTRIPUGAL MACHINE.

APPLICATION IVILED P211110. 1905.

3 SHEETS- 81E111 l.

PATENTED MAR, 30, 1906.

G. TER MEBR.V GENTRIFUGAL MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.10. 1905. s SHBETSw-SHEBT 2 v Mlnesqw I 1720972 for:

r e M 7 h 0 f No. 815,363. I PATEN'IED MAR. 20, 1906.

.TER MEBR. CENTRIPUGAL MAOHIN/E. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 10, 1905.1 I

- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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BEIGE.

GENTRIFUGAL- assume,

' To all whom it baby concern:

Be it knownthat L'GUsrAv. Ten Mnnaa citizen of Germany, residing at Hanover,

Germany, have invented new and useful Imjui'overnen'ts in or Relating 'tofCentrifugal whines 1 which the OllQWiIlg is a specifii. cation. I v

"* "*Thehobjectofthis invention is to improve :;the action of centrifugal machines used for separatingsolid bodies from liquid 'bodies or bodies mixed with liquid to a large, extent or for separating from each other'liquids of differentspeci'fic gravity. i

v The improvements relate chiefly to such centrifuga machines in which it is desired to -obtain continuous working and where-periodical filling of emptying of the drum can be leffectedwithout stopping the machine.

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure-'1 ze is a v'erticalcentral section of a centrifugal machine embodyinginy invention Fig. 2, a

horizontal section on line 2 2', Fig. 1 'Fig. 3, a flvertical section of a modification; Fig. 4, a

11 similar sectionof a further modification; Fig. 255', a horizontal section on line 5 5, Fig. 4 and :Fig. 6a vertical section of. a still further modification.

The centrifugal machine shown in' Figs. 1 t and 2 comprises mainly a hollow body ea 3o 'divided i'n the center. Thecover 'a of this hollow body is 'verticall adjustable and on being moved upward alibws suflicie'ntspace for the passage of the-dried material..- When the machine isgised, the two cups are 3 5 pressedagainst "each 'otherin'suchmanner that the liquid cannot pass at the outer edge I). Theibottom cup is coveredwith a perfo rated surface or sievec either completely or v onlyat' the part situated near the center.

40 Another perforated surface a is arranged 'cylindrically or conically round the center of the centrifugal druin. The position of the -,last-narned perforated surface depends on the nature of the material to-be treated. it.

4 5 is arranged'so that ata chosen distance from the center of the spindle and at a given speed a sufficiently dry product is obtained. atthe perforated surface a". The liquid passing through the perforated surfaces is discharged.

in the well-known manner through circum-- ferentially-arranged pipes or canals a and ccllectedin an annular chamber 7c. The perforated central surface 0, which. in 1. is

arranged cylindrically is provided with inletopeeings d for the material to-be treated.

ihl lfl'ifiil epings can besimultaneously closed Specificatiox'i of Letters Patent. kp plication filed February 1D 1905. Serial No. 245.016.

arranged above the machine.

I ratenteot March 20, 1906.

by an' annular valve i, slidable upon the lower expanded section of inlet-pipe f. The

central. inlet-pipe f is provided at the top with a stuffing-box g, which tightly incloses thepipe h, leadingfroin the main reservoir The inletipe f is'centered Within drum 1/ a and its v aterally-extendingdischarge-ports d are controlled by the valves or gates t, slid able within the drum. I u,

Fig. 3 shows a construction in whichthe outer centrifugal drum comprises two conical surfaces with their apices facing each other, This is done for the purpose of reducing the quantity of material situated. toward the interior'whichh'as been dried to a sufiicient extent, but not so. thoroughly as the material situated farther out. In this way the proportion of less perfectly dried inaterialis re duced, so that the total result is a better one. The perforated surface is arranged in the lower ortion of the centrifugal machine and exten s behind the closingdevice right up to thesolidcentral partition. The outer circumference of the centrifugal drum is either closed in a Water-ti ht manner by means of a-vertically adjusta le cylindrical. casing or opened for discharging the dried materiahas may be required. The separation of the insufliciently dried material from the sufii 'ciently-dried one is effected by means of,a

vertically-adjustable annular valve i with a" sharp bottom edge, the inside diameter ofthe said valve depending on the. nature of the with single chambers arranged in the form of a cross. Each chamber is provided with. a perforated'surface c, which here, for instance, is arranged at the back relatively to the di- -rection of' rotation of the centrifugal apparatus; The remaining limiting-surface of the chambers are constituted. by solid walls, but

cant-also be constituted by filter-surfaces.

Behind the vertical filter-surfaces c are arranged. collecting-chambers e for the liquid separated, which is discharged by means of pipes c. Periodical closing and opening of the dhainbers is effected by a valve 1, the closing of the inlet-openirr s by a rotary valve-plug t. The perforate wall c extends up to the rear vertical closing-wall of the c a nbers, there being thus no clearance or space inwhi'eh raw material could-collect and remain unaffected by the treatment.

Fig. Gshows an apparatus suitable for sepathe tendency to fly toward the circumference following and also by mechanical pressure rating liquids of different specific gravities. The centrifugal body, which, in the pre- 1 ceding, constructions, can comprise a closed annular-body of various cross-section or a star-shaped body with variously shaped chambers, is provided at the back near the axis with a erforated or filter surface in accordance with the principle already repeatedly described. The introduction and the expulsion of the liquid is' again effected under pressure.

'lhe working of centrifugal machines aci cording to this invention is as follows: Raw material is supplied to the centrifugal machine under pressure, which varies accordirig to the material to be dried, and can be raised 1 to several atmospheres. The raw material entering the centrifugal chambers is thrown outward by centrifugal force, and this results in separation, the heavier particles having of the centrifugal chamber, while the lighter 3 liquid particles are forced backward. \Vherever this liquid going backward and sidewise strikes perforated walls, it passes through them and into discharge-conduit. ()f the portions of the material already dried the portions in front situated nearer to the circumference are compressed by the particles J and thus forced to give off more liquid. This )rcssure can be assisted by making the chami her in which the material is pressed of a wedge shape. 'fhe longer the centrifugal process goes on and the'morc the centrifugal chamber is filled with solid material the smaller will be the action of centrifugal force, for it decreases in proportion to the square of the peripheral speed. In order to get the centrifugal apparatus ent'ircly filled up and l even the parts situated near the center dried to the utmost possible extent, the head of liquid on the centrifugal machine is allowed f to remain during the. whole process, so that accordingly the parts situated closest'to the center are forced outward by the said liquidpressure and by centrifugal force. \Vhen the centrifugal apparatus is completely filled with dried material, the head of liquid on the. machine is taken on the dried material by closing the inner closing device provided for i the purpose and the latter ejected by opening the outer outlet. After the outlet has been l closed again and properly packed the process begins afresh.

it is preferable to make the centrifugal chamber of such shape as to get the eatest possible compression of the materlal, and consequently the best ossible drying action by forcing the materia into wedge-shaped or conical surfaces. The perforated surfaces are preferably arranged so that the dried material rubs against them when it is being ejected. These surfaces are thus to a certain extent scrubbed and cleaned from any solid particles that might adhere to them, so that their liability to choke is prevented. With perforated surfaces arranged radially or near the axis there is no great tendency to choke,

jas the material to be dried does not get pressed against the said surfaces with such force as in centrifugal machines of ordinary construction in which the perforated s lrfaces are arranged at the outermost circumference of the machine and where the dried material naturally resses with the whole force ofthe centrifuga force against the openings of the tiltering-surfaces. According to the nature of the raw material to be treated the limitingwalls, whether completely or partially provided with perforated surfaces or constituted altogether by solid surfaces, can be arranged in various ways, and in the same way theshape and the angle of inclination of the sieve chambers must be adapted to the nature of the raw material.

The working of the centrifugal machine for liquids is the same as for material consisting of liquid and solid matter.

The length of the periods between the filling and the discharging of the centrifugal machines depends on the nature of the raw material under treatment.

'hat 1 claim is A centrifugal machine provided with a drum, a strainer, a centered inlet-pipe having a series of inlet-openings, and an annular valve surrounding said pipe and adapted to shuultaneously close said openings, substantially as specified.

Signed by meat Hanover, Germany, this 30th day of January, 1905.

GUSTAVTER M'EER.

Witnesses:

LEONORE RAsen, ANNIDIPPEL.

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