US8200906B2 - Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects - Google Patents
Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects Download PDFInfo
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- US8200906B2 US8200906B2 US13/178,124 US201113178124A US8200906B2 US 8200906 B2 US8200906 B2 US 8200906B2 US 201113178124 A US201113178124 A US 201113178124A US 8200906 B2 US8200906 B2 US 8200906B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/1854—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with non-centralised forwarding system, e.g. chaincast
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/1886—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with traffic restrictions for efficiency improvement, e.g. involving subnets or subdomains
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/1066—Session management
- H04L65/1101—Session protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
- H04L67/1061—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
- H04L67/1063—Discovery through centralising entities
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
- H04L67/1074—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks for supporting data block transmission mechanisms
- H04L67/1076—Resource dissemination mechanisms or network resource keeping policies for optimal resource availability in the overlay network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
- H04L67/1074—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks for supporting data block transmission mechanisms
- H04L67/1078—Resource delivery mechanisms
- H04L67/108—Resource delivery mechanisms characterised by resources being split in blocks or fragments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
- H04L67/2871—Implementation details of single intermediate entities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
- H04L67/1087—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using cross-functional networking aspects
- H04L67/1091—Interfacing with client-server systems or between P2P systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to caches used in the Internet.
- the invention relates to caches in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks for the distribution of large digital objects.
- P2P peer-to-peer
- a peer-to-peer (also termed P2P) computer network is a network that relies primarily on the computing power and bandwidth of the participants in the computer network rather than concentrating computing power and bandwidth in a relatively low number of servers.
- P2P computer networks are typically used for connecting nodes of the computer network via largely ad hoc connections.
- the P2P computer network is useful for many purposes. Sharing content files containing, for example, audio, video and data is very common. Real time data, such as telephony traffic, is also passed using the P2P network.
- a pure P2P network does not have the notion of clients or servers, but only equal peer nodes that simultaneously function as both “clients” and “servers” to the other nodes on the network.
- This model of network arrangement differs from the client-server model in which communication is usually to and from a central server.
- a typical example for a non P2P file transfer is an FTP server where the client and server programs are quite distinct. In the FTP server, clients initiate the download/uploads and the servers react to and satisfy these requests from the clients.
- the tracker is a server that keeps track of which seeds (i.e. a node with the complete file or group of files) and peers (i.e. nodes that do not yet have the complete file or group of files) are in a swarm (the expression for all of the seeds and peers involved in the distribution of a single file or group of files).
- Nodes report information to the tracker periodically and from time-to-time request and receive information about other nodes to which they can connect.
- the tracker is not directly involved in the data transfer and is not required to have a copy of the file.
- Nodes that have finished downloading the file may also choose to act as seeds, i.e. the node provides a complete copy of the file.
- peers may download pieces in a random order and may prefer to download the pieces that are rarest amongst it peers, to increase the opportunity to exchange data. Exchange of data is only possible if two peers have a different subset of the file. It is known, for example, in the BitTorrent protocol that a peer initially joining the swarm will send to other members of the swarm a BitField message which indicates an initial set of pieces of the digital object which the peer has available for download by other ones of the peers. On receipt of further ones of the pieces, the peer will send a Have message to the other peers to indicate that the further ones of the pieces are available for download.
- Caches for the intermediate storage of data transferred about the Internet are known in the art.
- the most common type of cache used in the Internet is a proxy cache.
- the proxy cache operates at the application level, passing some messages unaltered between a client and a server, changing other ones of the messages and sometimes responding to the messages itself rather than relaying the messages.
- a web proxy cache sits between servers in the Internet and one or more clients and watches requests for HTML pages, images and files (collectively known as objects) pass through.
- the web proxy cache saves a copy of the HTML pages, images and files for itself. Subsequently if there is another request for the same object, the web proxy cache will use the copy that was saved instead of asking an origin server to resend the request.
- each of the peers 40 a - d wish to substantially, simultaneously access a digital object 70 stored on the P2P server 10 .
- the digital object 70 could, for example, be a new film or a television programme released for downloading. Once a release date and time for the new film or the downloadable television programme is announced, it is highly likely that a plurality of the peers 40 a - d will wish to access the new film or downloadable television programme at substantially the same time. Since the new film or downloadable television programme has recently been released it will not be present in the cache 30 , and the cache 30 will not know of the existence of the digital object. Thus the peers 40 a - d will only be able to access the new film or the downloadable television programme from the P2P server 10 through the Internet 20 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
- Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/178,124 US8200906B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2011-07-07 | Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0615965.1 | 2006-08-11 | ||
GB0615965A GB2440761A (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2006-08-11 | Using a proxy server as a cache in a peer to peer network to speed up the multicast distribution of large files. |
US11/598,112 US8010748B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2006-11-08 | Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects |
US13/178,124 US8200906B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2011-07-07 | Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/598,112 Continuation US8010748B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2006-11-08 | Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20110264744A1 US20110264744A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
US8200906B2 true US8200906B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (2)
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US11/598,112 Expired - Fee Related US8010748B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2006-11-08 | Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects |
US13/178,124 Active US8200906B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2011-07-07 | Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects |
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US11/598,112 Expired - Fee Related US8010748B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2006-11-08 | Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects |
Country Status (5)
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US (2) | US8010748B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2057823B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2440761A (en) |
IL (1) | IL197007A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008017503A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10148748B2 (en) | 2015-02-26 | 2018-12-04 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Co-locating peer devices for peer matching |
US20190081862A1 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-14 | Verizon Digital Media Services Inc. | Rapid Configuration Propagation in a Distributed Multi-Tenant Platform |
US10270849B2 (en) | 2015-02-26 | 2019-04-23 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Scalable peer matching |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2440761A (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-13 | Cachelogic Ltd | Using a proxy server as a cache in a peer to peer network to speed up the multicast distribution of large files. |
US20090238365A1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-09-24 | Kinamik Data Integrity, S.L. | Method and system to provide fine granular integrity to digital data |
WO2010000724A1 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Thomson Licensing | Device and method for disseminating content data between peers in a p2p mode, by using a bipartite peer overlay |
US9386089B2 (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2016-07-05 | Nbcuniversal Media, Llc | Early detection of high volume peer-to-peer swarms |
RU2011154095A (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2013-07-10 | Телефонактиеболагет Лм Эрикссон (Пабл) | IMPROVEMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SYSTEM OF JOINT USE OF CONTENT |
EP2659401B1 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2019-06-26 | Peerapp, Ltd. | Methods and systems for caching data communications over computer networks |
US8510267B2 (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2013-08-13 | Rackspace Us, Inc. | Synchronization of structured information repositories |
EP2692111A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2014-02-05 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (PUBL) | Method and device for caching |
US20130007186A1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-03 | Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. | Controlling content caching and retrieval |
KR102070149B1 (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2020-01-28 | 에스케이텔레콤 주식회사 | Method for delivery of content by means of caching in communication network and apparatus thereof |
US9858195B2 (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2018-01-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Near-cache distribution of manifest among peer applications in in-memory data grid (IMDG) non structured query language (NO-SQL) environments |
KR102346689B1 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2022-01-04 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Operation method of peer to peer network management system and peer to peer network management system |
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- 2006-11-08 US US11/598,112 patent/US8010748B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-08-10 EP EP07801604.5A patent/EP2057823B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-08-10 WO PCT/EP2007/007105 patent/WO2008017503A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2009-02-11 IL IL197007A patent/IL197007A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2011
- 2011-07-07 US US13/178,124 patent/US8200906B2/en active Active
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US8010748B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 |
US20080040545A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
GB0615965D0 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
EP2057823B1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
WO2008017503A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
IL197007A0 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
IL197007A (en) | 2013-02-28 |
GB2440761A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
EP2057823A1 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
US20110264744A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
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