US888241A - Protective device. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED' MAY 19,1908.

K. 'KUHLMANN.

PROTECTIVE DEVICE.

Fig. 5.

Witnesses.

Inventor: KarL Kuhlmanh,

No. 888.241. PATBNTED MAY 19, 1908. K. KUHLMANN.

PROTECTIVE DEVICE.

APPLICATION PILED'NOV. 20, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Fig.9. Fig. 10.

Fig. l i.

Wfmesses': Inventor 1 i a Karl Wihlmann,

PATENTED MAY 19, 1908.

K. KUHLMANN.

PROTECTIVE DEVICE.

APPLIGATION FILED 110120, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Inventor: Karl 'Kuhlmann,

- potential is greater,

KARL KUHLMANN, OF BERLIN,

seseei,

'PANKOW, cssieisv, COMPANY, A CORPORATION ASSEGNOR T0 ELEO Application fled; 'lcvembei' 24),

To 'wkom it may com-em:

it known that I, KARL Koemmim,

subject of the Emperor of Germany, residizig st Berlin, Penlzovv, Germany, lieve invented.

tective Devices, of Welsh followisg is sjoecifioation.

The present invention protection of electric distribution systems fi om" injurious excess-potentials. Up to the present time this has usually been close by grounding the eoiidiietor to be protected, e. sperkiiig section being interposed. such conditions the extent of the excess-potentiel is determined by the length of the spark-path. Since the breaking potential of espsr-king section however does not depend alone upoii the has for its object the distance of its electrodes, but also is affected by the temperature, the amount of moisture contained in the air, the radiation-end, in great measure, on the clean cessof the electrode smfece, this arrangement was only possible Witl i-in Wide limits. The are pessing When'current passes lied to be extinguished by devices of it special netiiie. According to this invention, the electrodes of? the sparking section eremoveble toward esel other under the influence of %l8(3l;-I'O-" ststic forces, when excess-potential occurs, by such on amount that an equalization oi potential takes place, whereupon they re tel-"n to their original position, device i-y be made highly operative Wilt/z; wronged. o tllet least one of the BlEGtlOilQS is sub" ted to electrostatic repulsion by means of cited 013 iii ovsble plate or the like, ftil'iilgfid ljecent to the electrode and conductively collected thereto. force acts upon the movable electrode in ooiiformity thereto, its respective positions when. Without potential, at normal expotentiel ere farther apart than formerly, end the distance of the electrodes for normal This is extremely imoortcnt. Isa the first place, with a greater electrode distance the unavoidable iii-seem moles of manufacture have proportionately less influence and the adj u'stpient is m ore exact. In the second place, Elie are which is formed is broken more rapidly and surely, when the electrodes move farther apart efter equelization is efiected. In the third place,

certain new and useful Improvements in Pic In this case s strong Under H s 1 oetweeo. toe e I l x ies (insects) M3 d s, Fourth, the 3; oi the movebie el' ell-scion by tee end fi'eely moss 011C}; ii-om similarly cons or piste, the device lacing in the of no poteiitiel; Fig. 2 shows the e at normal potential, 3 shows the some {and 1" the condition oi'exoess poteil L its upset e e tiel, and e moment of change of peterstiel; 5 show similar devices with one of in these m the other figures'of tile drewioe l siioivs the movable electrode s s,

ates ei'reiigeii to be immovelile,

the heavy marginal lines indicate imm'ovebe edges ,1 6,7'e1iol 8 illustrate modifies tions comprisiligtwomovable pletes Wliic; approach. each other when the potential comes excessive; Q end 10 show modir ficetions in Welsh the spoil gap isfoimed by as slim rigidly" connected, to the movable plots, Fi 11 illustrates two of the devices arranged for the protection of two conduc tors of. an electrical system;- Fig. 12 shows special means for mpt sing the arc and Fly 13 shows mes or creating upward- -g electrodes.

.1l16 conductor 1 to be protected round including the spark gap een plates 2 and 3, and also ini'esistence 4. The plate or elecis formed of av thin strip of motel movable about tlie upper edge and siispended opposite o second similarly con tituted. strip 5. This pair of strips believes inch like the strips of the w ll known gold leaf electroscope ii hen line 1 is in the (301%- (litioe of no-potentisl, the two plates lie close together es in 1, out when the plates become charged they ii'ctuslly repel and assume the position Sl'lOWl'l in Fig. I in case of excess potentiel on the line the pletes spread still farther as shown in Fig. 3 end the abnormal clierg'e umlps the 's-p to plate 8 end escapes to groom through X'QBlSfifiZiGEl;

Xcess-potentiels is provided with saw/:41 3

5. A proteetive device comprising electrodes which'eppzroaeh each ether "'00 form a low impedance path in case of an excessive eefientiei there-aeweeli, and ccnduc'tors dispesed above eleetredes as assist in rupturing the ares formed between said; elect1=edee.

In witness whereof, I have hereunte set my hand this 2nd day of November, 1906.

KARL KUHLMANN.

Witmesses JULws R JMLAND, @SKAR SINGER.

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