US9059440B2 - Enhanced efficiency turbine - Google Patents

Enhanced efficiency turbine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US9059440B2
US9059440B2 US13/240,333 US201113240333A US9059440B2 US 9059440 B2 US9059440 B2 US 9059440B2 US 201113240333 A US201113240333 A US 201113240333A US 9059440 B2 US9059440 B2 US 9059440B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
turbine
reformer
output
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active, expires
Application number
US13/240,333
Other versions
US20120006036A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Hotto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Energyield LLC
Original Assignee
Energyield LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energyield LLC filed Critical Energyield LLC
Priority to US13/240,333 priority Critical patent/US9059440B2/en
Publication of US20120006036A1 publication Critical patent/US20120006036A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US9059440B2 publication Critical patent/US9059440B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/08—Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y02E60/525—
    • Y02E60/526—
    • Y02T90/32—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to using fuel cells to actuate turbines.
  • a system includes a reformer receiving hydrocarbon fuel and outputting a stream of hydrogen and a stream of carbon separate from the stream of hydrogen.
  • a fuel cell receives hydrogen output by the reformer but the fuel cell does not receive the stream of carbon.
  • the fuel cell provides a first energy output and an output of water vapor which is mixed with carbon output by the reformer to provide a mixture.
  • the mixture is directed against blades of a turbine to impart torque to an output shaft of the turbine while the first energy output of the fuel cell is also used to impart torque to the output shaft of the turbine.
  • the mixture further includes a surfactant.
  • the output shaft of the turbine can be coupled to a generator to cause the generator to output electricity when the output shaft is rotated, or the turbine can be used to propel a vehicle to move.
  • the first energy output of the fuel cell may be connected to an electric motor and the electric motor coupled to a rotor coupling in the turbine, with the first energy output actuating the electric motor.
  • the hydrocarbon fuel is provided to an intake of the turbine in addition to being provided to the reformer.
  • the fuel cell can be electrically connected to a turbine ignition component to provide ignition energy thereto.
  • a system in another aspect, includes a turbine including an output shaft and a fuel cell providing output that is coupled to the turbine so as to impart torque to the output shaft.
  • a method in another aspect, includes reforming hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and carbon, using the hydrogen to produce electricity, and using the electricity to impart torque to an output shaft of a turbine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a turbine-powered generator in accordance with present principles
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a turbine-powered aircraft propulsion system in accordance with present principles
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a turbine-powered propulsion system for, e.g., land vehicles, helicopters, and watercraft in accordance with present principles
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an example of the present actuation system.
  • FIGS. 1-3 show various illustrative non-limiting applications of present principles.
  • An actuation system 10 imparts torque to a rotor of a turbine 12 to rotate an output shaft 14 of the turbine.
  • the turbine 12 may include a compressor section and a turbine section in accordance with turbine principles and may also have one or more rotors or shafts which typically are coupled to each other and which may be concentric to each other.
  • an output shaft 14 of the turbine is coupled to the rotor of an electrical generator 16 to rotate the generator rotor within an electric field and thus cause the generator 16 to output electricity.
  • the output shaft 14 is coupled to the rotor of an aircraft fan 18 , to rotate the fan and thus cause it to generate thrust for propelling a turbofan jet plane.
  • the output shaft 14 is coupled to the rotor of a propulsion component 20 such as the rotor of a helicopter, the shaft of a watercraft on which a propeller is mounted, or a drive shaft of a land vehicle such as a military tank to rotate the rotor/shaft/drive shaft as the case may be to propel the platform through the air or water or over land, depending on the nature of the conveyance.
  • the propulsion component 20 may include a drive train that can include a combination of components known in the art, e.g., crankshafts, transmissions, axles, and so on.
  • FIG. 4 shows the details of an example embodiment of the actuation system 10 .
  • a fuel tank 22 which contains hydrocarbon-based fuel such as but not limited to jet fuel can provide fuel to the intake 24 of the turbine 12 .
  • the fuel typically is injected through injectors in the turbine, where it mixes with air compressed by the compressor section of the turbine and ignited in a so-called “flame holder” or “can”.
  • “Intake” refers generally to these portions of the turbine that are preliminary to the turbine blades.
  • the high pressure mixture is then directed to impinge on turbine blades 25 which are coupled to the output shaft 14 . In this way torque is imparted to the output shaft 14 to cause it to rotate about its axis.
  • the actuation system 10 may include a reformer 26 which receives fuel from the fuel tank 22 .
  • the reformer 26 produces hydrogen from the fuel, and the hydrogen is sent to a fuel cell 28 , in some cases through a hydrogen tank 29 first as shown. If desired, multiple reformers and/or fuel cells may be used in parallel with each other.
  • the fuel cell 28 uses the hydrogen to generate electricity, typically with a relatively high efficiency, by mixing the hydrogen with oxygen from, e.g., the ambient atmosphere.
  • the fuel cell 28 may be a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), an alkaline fuel cell (AFC), a molten-carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), a phosphoric-acid fuel cell (PAFC), or a direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
  • PEMFC polymer exchange membrane fuel cell
  • SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
  • AFC alkaline fuel cell
  • MCFC molten-carbonate fuel cell
  • PAFC phosphoric-acid fuel cell
  • DMFC direct-methanol fuel cell
  • electricity from the fuel cell 28 is sent to an electric motor 30 to cause an output shaft of the motor 30 to turn.
  • the motor shaft is mechanically coupled through a rotor coupling 32 to a rotor of the turbine 12 .
  • the turbine rotor to which the motor 30 is coupled is not the same segment of rotor bearing the blades 25 , although in some implementations this can be the case. Instead, the turbine rotor to which the motor 30 may be coupled may be a segment of the blade rotor that does not bear blades or a rotor separate from the blade rotor and concentric therewith or otherwise coupled thereto.
  • the motor 30 when energized by the fuel cell 28 , imparts torque (through appropriate couplings if desired) through a turbine rotor to the output shaft 14 of the turbine 12 , which in some cases may be the same shaft as that establishing the turbine rotor.
  • water in the form of steam produced by the fuel cell 28 may be mixed with carbon from the reformer 26 in a mixer 34 , which may be a tank or simple pipe or other void in which the water and carbon can mix, with the mixture then being directed (through, e.g., appropriate piping or ducting) to the turbine intake 24 .
  • a mixer 34 may be a tank or simple pipe or other void in which the water and carbon can mix, with the mixture then being directed (through, e.g., appropriate piping or ducting) to the turbine intake 24 .
  • surfactant from a surfactant tank 36 may also be added to the steam/carbon mixture.
  • the steam/carbon mixture may supplement fuel injection directly from the fuel tank 22 to the turbine intake 24 , or replace altogether fuel injection directly from the fuel tank 22 to the turbine intake 24 .
  • electricity produced by the fuel cell 28 may be used not only to actuate the electric motor 30 but also to provide ignition current for the appropriate components in the turbine intake 24 .
  • these fluids may also be directed to the intake 24 directly from the reformer 26 or through the mixer 34 .
  • water can be returned from the fuel cell 28 if desired to the reformer 26 through a water line 40 .
  • heat from the turbine 12 may be collected and routed back to the reformer 26 through ducting/piping “A” to heat the reformer.

Abstract

Hydrocarbon fuel is sent to a reformer, which produces carbon and hydrogen. The hydrogen is sent to a fuel cell which uses it to generate electricity, and the electricity is used to actuate an electric motor that is coupled to an output shaft of a turbine to impart torque to the shaft. Additionally, hydrocarbon fuel can be provided to the turbine intake directly and/or carbon from the reformer can be mixed with steam from the fuel cell and sent to the turbine intake, in either case to impinge on the turbine blades and impart further torque to the output shaft.

Description

This is a continuation application of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/890,330 filed Sep. 24, 2010 which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/641,626, filed Dec. 18, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,818,969.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to using fuel cells to actuate turbines.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The importance of energy conservation goes without saying. Not only must fossil fuels be conserved for future use, but limiting the amount of fossil fuels that must be burned appears to be highly beneficial for the environment. Hence, the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, a system includes a reformer receiving hydrocarbon fuel and outputting a stream of hydrogen and a stream of carbon separate from the stream of hydrogen. A fuel cell receives hydrogen output by the reformer but the fuel cell does not receive the stream of carbon. The fuel cell provides a first energy output and an output of water vapor which is mixed with carbon output by the reformer to provide a mixture. The mixture is directed against blades of a turbine to impart torque to an output shaft of the turbine while the first energy output of the fuel cell is also used to impart torque to the output shaft of the turbine.
In example embodiments the mixture further includes a surfactant. If desired, the output shaft of the turbine can be coupled to a generator to cause the generator to output electricity when the output shaft is rotated, or the turbine can be used to propel a vehicle to move.
The first energy output of the fuel cell may be connected to an electric motor and the electric motor coupled to a rotor coupling in the turbine, with the first energy output actuating the electric motor. In some embodiments the hydrocarbon fuel is provided to an intake of the turbine in addition to being provided to the reformer. Also, if desired the fuel cell can be electrically connected to a turbine ignition component to provide ignition energy thereto.
In another aspect, a system includes a turbine including an output shaft and a fuel cell providing output that is coupled to the turbine so as to impart torque to the output shaft.
In another aspect, a method includes reforming hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and carbon, using the hydrogen to produce electricity, and using the electricity to impart torque to an output shaft of a turbine.
The details of the present invention, both as to its structure and operation, can best be understood in reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts, and in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a turbine-powered generator in accordance with present principles;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a turbine-powered aircraft propulsion system in accordance with present principles;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a turbine-powered propulsion system for, e.g., land vehicles, helicopters, and watercraft in accordance with present principles; and
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an example of the present actuation system.
 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIGS. 1-3 show various illustrative non-limiting applications of present principles. An actuation system 10, described further below, imparts torque to a rotor of a turbine 12 to rotate an output shaft 14 of the turbine. The turbine 12 may include a compressor section and a turbine section in accordance with turbine principles and may also have one or more rotors or shafts which typically are coupled to each other and which may be concentric to each other.
In FIG. 1, an output shaft 14 of the turbine is coupled to the rotor of an electrical generator 16 to rotate the generator rotor within an electric field and thus cause the generator 16 to output electricity. In FIG. 2, the output shaft 14 is coupled to the rotor of an aircraft fan 18, to rotate the fan and thus cause it to generate thrust for propelling a turbofan jet plane. In FIG. 3, the output shaft 14 is coupled to the rotor of a propulsion component 20 such as the rotor of a helicopter, the shaft of a watercraft on which a propeller is mounted, or a drive shaft of a land vehicle such as a military tank to rotate the rotor/shaft/drive shaft as the case may be to propel the platform through the air or water or over land, depending on the nature of the conveyance. The propulsion component 20 may include a drive train that can include a combination of components known in the art, e.g., crankshafts, transmissions, axles, and so on.
FIG. 4 shows the details of an example embodiment of the actuation system 10. A fuel tank 22 which contains hydrocarbon-based fuel such as but not limited to jet fuel can provide fuel to the intake 24 of the turbine 12. The fuel typically is injected through injectors in the turbine, where it mixes with air compressed by the compressor section of the turbine and ignited in a so-called “flame holder” or “can”. “Intake” refers generally to these portions of the turbine that are preliminary to the turbine blades. The high pressure mixture is then directed to impinge on turbine blades 25 which are coupled to the output shaft 14. In this way torque is imparted to the output shaft 14 to cause it to rotate about its axis.
In addition to or in lieu of actuating the turbine 12 with fuel directly from the fuel tank 22, the actuation system 10 may include a reformer 26 which receives fuel from the fuel tank 22. The reformer 26 produces hydrogen from the fuel, and the hydrogen is sent to a fuel cell 28, in some cases through a hydrogen tank 29 first as shown. If desired, multiple reformers and/or fuel cells may be used in parallel with each other.
The fuel cell 28 uses the hydrogen to generate electricity, typically with a relatively high efficiency, by mixing the hydrogen with oxygen from, e.g., the ambient atmosphere. Without limitation, the fuel cell 28 may be a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), an alkaline fuel cell (AFC), a molten-carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), a phosphoric-acid fuel cell (PAFC), or a direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
In turn, electricity from the fuel cell 28 is sent to an electric motor 30 to cause an output shaft of the motor 30 to turn. The motor shaft is mechanically coupled through a rotor coupling 32 to a rotor of the turbine 12. Typically, the turbine rotor to which the motor 30 is coupled is not the same segment of rotor bearing the blades 25, although in some implementations this can be the case. Instead, the turbine rotor to which the motor 30 may be coupled may be a segment of the blade rotor that does not bear blades or a rotor separate from the blade rotor and concentric therewith or otherwise coupled thereto. In any case, the motor 30, when energized by the fuel cell 28, imparts torque (through appropriate couplings if desired) through a turbine rotor to the output shaft 14 of the turbine 12, which in some cases may be the same shaft as that establishing the turbine rotor.
In addition, to realize further efficiencies, water in the form of steam produced by the fuel cell 28 may be mixed with carbon from the reformer 26 in a mixer 34, which may be a tank or simple pipe or other void in which the water and carbon can mix, with the mixture then being directed (through, e.g., appropriate piping or ducting) to the turbine intake 24. If desired, surfactant from a surfactant tank 36 may also be added to the steam/carbon mixture. In any case, it may now be appreciated that the steam/carbon mixture may supplement fuel injection directly from the fuel tank 22 to the turbine intake 24, or replace altogether fuel injection directly from the fuel tank 22 to the turbine intake 24.
Still further, as indicated by the electrical line 38 in FIG. 4, electricity produced by the fuel cell 28 may be used not only to actuate the electric motor 30 but also to provide ignition current for the appropriate components in the turbine intake 24. In cases where the reformer 26 generates carbon dioxide and steam, these fluids may also be directed to the intake 24 directly from the reformer 26 or through the mixer 34.
In some embodiments, water can be returned from the fuel cell 28 if desired to the reformer 26 through a water line 40. Also if desired, heat from the turbine 12 may be collected and routed back to the reformer 26 through ducting/piping “A” to heat the reformer.
While the particular ENHANCED EFFICIENCY TURBINE is herein shown and described in detail, the scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (41)

What is claimed is:
1. A system comprising:
at least one reformer assembly receiving hydrocarbon fuel and outputting hydrogen from as first output and product depleted of hydrogen from a second output separate from the first output outputting hydrogen;
at least one fuel cell receiving hydrogen from the first output of the reformer but not being connected to the second output of the reformer, the fuel cell providing a first energy output and an output of exhaust;
product from the second output of the reformer being directed into a receiver such that the receiver receives both the exhaust from the fuel cell and the product from the second output of the reformer.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the exhaust from the fuel cell and the product from the second output of the reformer are mixed to establish a mixture, and the mixture further includes a surfactant.
3. The system claim 1, wherein the receiver is a turbine and an output shaft of the turbine is coupled to a generator to cause the generator to output electricity the output shaft is rotated.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the receive an engine that propels a vehicle to move.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the first energy output of the fuel cell is connected to an electric motor and the electric motor is coupled to a rotor coupling of the receiver, the first energy output actuating the electric motor.
6. The system of claim of claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon fuel is provided to an intake of the receiver in addition to being provided to the reformer.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is electrically connected to a turbine ignition component to provide ignition energy thereto.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a polymer exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured such that H2O from the fuel cell is sent to the reformer.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured such that heat from the turbine is provided to the reformer.
11. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell.
12. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is an alkaline fuel cell.
13. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a molten carbonate fuel cell.
14. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a phosphoric acid fuel cell.
15. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a direct methanol fuel cell.
16. A system comprising:
at least one fuel cell providing output;
at least one reformer assembly receiving hydrocarbon fuel and reforming the hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and carbon outputs;
the fuel cell receiving the hydrogen output from the reformer assembly, wherein the fuel cell produces exhaust, at least the exhaust of the fuel cell resulting from the fuel cell processing the hydrogen output from the reformer assembly being directed to a turbine to impart torque to the turbine, the turbine including injectors configured for receiving the exhaust of the fuel cell resulting from the fuel cell processing the hydrogen output from the reformer assembly and for injecting the exhaust of the fuel cell resulting from fuel cell processing the hydrogen output from the reformer assembly into the turbine, the turbine further comprising a compressor section of the turbine, and a combustor section for igniting the exhaust of the fuel cell resulting from the fuel cell processing the hydrogen output from the former assembly received from the injectors.
17. The system of claim 16, wherein the fuel cell is electrically connected to an electric motor to actuate the electric motor.
18. The system of claim 16, wherein fluid or steam produced by the fuel cell is directed to an intake of the turbine.
19. The system of claim 16, wherein the system provides hydrocarbon fuel that does not pass through the reformer to an intake of the turbine.
20. The system of claim 16, wherein the fuel cell is electrically connected to a turbine ignition component to provide ignition energy thereto.
21. The system of claim 16, wherein the fuel cell is a polymer exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.
22. The system of claim 16, wherein the system is configured such that H2O from the fuel cell is sent to the reformer.
23. The system of claim 16, wherein the system is configured such that heat from the turbine is provided to the reformer.
24. The system of claim 16, wherein the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell.
25. The system of claim 16, wherein the fuel cell is an alkaline fuel cell.
26. The system of claim 16, wherein the fuel cell is a molten carbonate fuel cell.
27. The system of claim 16, wherein the fuel cell is a phosphoric acid fuel cell.
28. The system of claim 16, wherein the fuel cell is a direct methanol fuel cell.
29. A system comprising:
at least one fuel cell providing output;
at least one turbine providing output;
at least one reformer assembly receiving hydrocarbon fuel and outputting separated streams of hydrogen fuel and carbon reformate fuel;
wherein the hydrogen fuel is directed to the fuel cell and the carbon reformate fuel is directed to the turbine, bypassing the fuel cell.
30. The system of claim 29, wherein the fuel cell is electrically connected to an electric motor to actuate the electric motor.
31. The system of claim 29, wherein fluid or steam produced by the fuel cell is directed to an intake of the turbine.
32. The system of claim 29, wherein the system provides turbine hydrocarbon fuel to an intake of the turbine, the turbine hydrocarbon fuel not passing through the reformer.
33. The system of claim 29, wherein the fuel cell is electrically connected to a turbine ignition component to provide ignition energy thereto.
34. The system of claim 29, wherein the fuel cell is a polymer exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.
35. The system of claim 29, wherein the system is configured such that H2O from the fuel cell is sent to the reformer.
36. The system of claim 29, wherein the system is configured such that heat from the turbine is provided to the reformer.
37. The system of claim 29, wherein the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell.
38. The system of claim 29, wherein the fuel cell is an alkaline fuel cell.
39. The system of claim 29, wherein the fuel cell is a molten carbonate fuel cell.
40. The system of claim 29, wherein the fuel cell is a phosphoric acid fuel cell.
41. The system of claim 29, wherein the fuel cell is a direct methanol fuel cell.
US13/240,333 2009-12-18 2011-09-22 Enhanced efficiency turbine Active 2032-02-11 US9059440B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/240,333 US9059440B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2011-09-22 Enhanced efficiency turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/641,626 US7818969B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2009-12-18 Enhanced efficiency turbine
US12/890,330 US8047006B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2010-09-24 Enhanced efficiency turbine
US13/240,333 US9059440B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2011-09-22 Enhanced efficiency turbine

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/890,330 Continuation US8047006B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2010-09-24 Enhanced efficiency turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20120006036A1 US20120006036A1 (en) 2012-01-12
US9059440B2 true US9059440B2 (en) 2015-06-16

Family

ID=42987434

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/641,626 Active US7818969B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2009-12-18 Enhanced efficiency turbine
US12/890,330 Active US8047006B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2010-09-24 Enhanced efficiency turbine
US13/240,333 Active 2032-02-11 US9059440B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2011-09-22 Enhanced efficiency turbine

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/641,626 Active US7818969B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2009-12-18 Enhanced efficiency turbine
US12/890,330 Active US8047006B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2010-09-24 Enhanced efficiency turbine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (3) US7818969B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5570614B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2720193C (en)
DE (1) DE112010004880B4 (en)
GB (2) GB2489138B (en)
WO (1) WO2011075376A1 (en)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9764848B1 (en) 2016-03-07 2017-09-19 General Electric Company Propulsion system for an aircraft
US9938853B2 (en) 2015-10-23 2018-04-10 General Electric Company Torsional damping for gas turbine engines
US10071811B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2018-09-11 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US10093428B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2018-10-09 General Electric Company Electric propulsion system
US10308366B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2019-06-04 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US10414508B2 (en) 2015-01-23 2019-09-17 General Electric Company Gas-electric propulsion system for an aircraft
US10487839B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2019-11-26 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US10762726B2 (en) 2017-06-13 2020-09-01 General Electric Company Hybrid-electric propulsion system for an aircraft
US10793281B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2020-10-06 General Electric Company Propulsion system for an aircraft
US10822103B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2020-11-03 General Electric Company Propulsor assembly for an aircraft
US11097849B2 (en) 2018-09-10 2021-08-24 General Electric Company Aircraft having an aft engine
US11149578B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2021-10-19 General Electric Company Propulsion system for an aircraft
US11156128B2 (en) 2018-08-22 2021-10-26 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US11539316B2 (en) 2019-07-30 2022-12-27 General Electric Company Active stability control of compression systems utilizing electric machines
US11719441B2 (en) 2022-01-04 2023-08-08 General Electric Company Systems and methods for providing output products to a combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine
US11794912B2 (en) 2022-01-04 2023-10-24 General Electric Company Systems and methods for reducing emissions with a fuel cell
US11804607B2 (en) 2022-01-21 2023-10-31 General Electric Company Cooling of a fuel cell assembly
US11817700B1 (en) 2022-07-20 2023-11-14 General Electric Company Decentralized electrical power allocation system
US11859820B1 (en) 2022-11-10 2024-01-02 General Electric Company Gas turbine combustion section having an integrated fuel cell assembly
US11923586B1 (en) 2022-11-10 2024-03-05 General Electric Company Gas turbine combustion section having an integrated fuel cell assembly
US11933216B2 (en) 2022-01-04 2024-03-19 General Electric Company Systems and methods for providing output products to a combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008006953B4 (en) * 2008-01-31 2010-09-02 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh System and method for reducing pollutants in engine exhaust
GB0912270D0 (en) * 2009-07-15 2009-08-26 Rolls Royce Plc System for cooling cooling-air in a gas turbine engine
CN102610838B (en) * 2012-03-22 2014-10-15 中国东方电气集团有限公司 Thermal management system of fuel cell, fuel cell system, and vehicle with the fuel cell system
TW201444716A (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-12-01 Nat Univ Tsing Hua Hybrid transportation apparatus having full cell and air engine
US20150266589A1 (en) * 2014-03-24 2015-09-24 Honeywell International Inc. Aircraft systems and methods with green fuel tanks
US10450886B2 (en) * 2015-12-22 2019-10-22 General Electric Company Hybrid propulsion system including a chemically rechargeable ultra-capacitor
US10774741B2 (en) * 2016-01-26 2020-09-15 General Electric Company Hybrid propulsion system for a gas turbine engine including a fuel cell
US11542840B2 (en) * 2020-05-04 2023-01-03 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Hybrid power generation systems

Citations (164)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1611429A (en) 1923-03-01 1926-12-21 Raymond Salisbury Method of preparing liquid fuels for combustion
US1614560A (en) 1920-08-16 1927-01-18 Kirschbraun Lester Combustible fuel and process of making same
US1701621A (en) 1920-04-05 1929-02-12 Kirschbraun Lester Emulsified fuel
US1975631A (en) 1929-11-16 1934-10-02 Universal Products Corp Emulsifying apparatus
US2461580A (en) 1944-01-28 1949-02-15 Sol B Wiczer Method and apparatus for emulsifying fuels
US3527581A (en) 1966-10-17 1970-09-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Microemulsions of water in hydrocarbon fuel for engines
US3565817A (en) 1968-08-15 1971-02-23 Petrolite Corp Continuous process for the preparation of emuisions
US3658302A (en) 1968-12-31 1972-04-25 Louis Duthion Feed unit for a fuel burner
US3766942A (en) 1970-06-02 1973-10-23 Elf Union And Ateliers Des Cha System for supplying an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to a heating burner
US3769963A (en) 1972-03-31 1973-11-06 L Goldman Instrument for performing laser micro-surgery and diagnostic transillumination of living human tissue
US3862819A (en) 1974-01-02 1975-01-28 Wsj Catalyzers Inc Fuel catalyzer
US4009984A (en) 1976-03-08 1977-03-01 Morrison Charles F Vapor injection system for fuel combustion
US4014637A (en) 1976-03-01 1977-03-29 Schena Kenneth R Catalyst generator
US4116610A (en) 1975-09-10 1978-09-26 Columbia Chase Corporation Combustion process
US4119862A (en) 1974-09-30 1978-10-10 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Control apparatus of electric motor cars
US4172814A (en) 1977-02-28 1979-10-30 The Dow Chemical Company Emulsion catalyst for hydrogenation processes
US4173449A (en) 1976-04-20 1979-11-06 Seymour Israel Surfactant system for fuel catalyzer
US4218221A (en) 1978-01-30 1980-08-19 Cottell Eric Charles Production of fuels
US4309998A (en) 1978-06-08 1982-01-12 Aron Rosa Daniele S Process and apparatus for ophthalmic surgery
US4376037A (en) 1981-10-16 1983-03-08 Chevron Research Company Hydroprocessing of heavy hydrocarbonaceous oils
US4391275A (en) 1979-11-28 1983-07-05 Lasag Ag Method for the surgical treatment of the eye
US4431520A (en) 1981-08-11 1984-02-14 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process for the catalytic hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbons in liquid phase in the presence of a dispersed catalyst and of carbonaceous particles
US4563982A (en) 1983-03-12 1986-01-14 Forschungsgesellschaft Fur Energietechnik Und Verbrennungsmotoren Mbh Method and apparatus for introduction of a fluid medium into working space of an internal combustion engine
US4579430A (en) 1982-12-11 1986-04-01 Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung Method and apparatus for forming an image of the ocular fundus
US4618348A (en) 1983-11-02 1986-10-21 Petroleum Fermentations N.V. Combustion of viscous hydrocarbons
US4637870A (en) 1985-04-29 1987-01-20 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Hydrocracking with phosphomolybdic acid and phosphoric acid
US4659454A (en) 1984-12-21 1987-04-21 Mobil Oil Corporation Hydrocracking of heavy feeds plus light fractions with dispersed dual function catalyst
US4665913A (en) 1983-11-17 1987-05-19 Lri L.P. Method for ophthalmological surgery
US4669466A (en) 1985-01-16 1987-06-02 Lri L.P. Method and apparatus for analysis and correction of abnormal refractive errors of the eye
US4687491A (en) 1981-08-21 1987-08-18 Dresser Industries, Inc. Fuel admixture for a catalytic combustor
US4696638A (en) 1986-07-07 1987-09-29 Denherder Marvin J Oil fuel combustion
US4708753A (en) 1985-12-06 1987-11-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Water-in-oil emulsions
US4722303A (en) 1985-07-04 1988-02-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating an internal combustion engine
US4761071A (en) 1984-11-06 1988-08-02 Baron William S Apparatus and method for determining corneal and scleral topography
US4784135A (en) 1982-12-09 1988-11-15 International Business Machines Corporation Far ultraviolet surgical and dental procedures
US4832701A (en) 1986-06-17 1989-05-23 Intevep, S.A. Process for the regeneration of an additive used to control emissions during the combustion of high sulfur fuel
US4848340A (en) 1988-02-10 1989-07-18 Intelligent Surgical Lasers Eyetracker and method of use
US4881808A (en) 1988-02-10 1989-11-21 Intelligent Surgical Lasers Imaging system for surgical lasers
US4901718A (en) 1988-02-02 1990-02-20 Intelligent Surgical Lasers 3-Dimensional laser beam guidance system
US4907586A (en) 1988-03-31 1990-03-13 Intelligent Surgical Lasers Method for reshaping the eye
US4911711A (en) 1986-12-05 1990-03-27 Taunton Technologies, Inc. Sculpture apparatus for correcting curvature of the cornea
US4923768A (en) 1988-08-22 1990-05-08 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Fuel cell power generation system
US4981883A (en) 1988-01-19 1991-01-01 The Glidden Company Process for producing low temperature cure emulsions
US5000757A (en) 1987-07-28 1991-03-19 British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Preparation and combustion of fuel oil emulsions
US5002020A (en) 1988-04-26 1991-03-26 Kos Joseph F Computer optimized hybrid engine
US5039392A (en) 1990-06-04 1991-08-13 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Hydroconversion process using a sulfided molybdenum catalyst concentrate
US5049147A (en) 1989-04-06 1991-09-17 Danon Nissim N Apparatus for computerized laser surgery
US5054907A (en) 1989-12-22 1991-10-08 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. Ophthalmic diagnostic apparatus and method
US5062702A (en) 1990-03-16 1991-11-05 Intelligent Surgical Lasers, Inc. Device for mapping corneal topography
US5098426A (en) 1989-02-06 1992-03-24 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for precision laser surgery
US5147352A (en) 1987-07-08 1992-09-15 Alain Azema Optical system for use in a surgical apparatus
US5162641A (en) 1991-02-19 1992-11-10 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. System and method for detecting, correcting and measuring depth movement of target tissue in a laser surgical system
US5170193A (en) 1989-12-22 1992-12-08 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method of identifying signals in biological tissues
US5283598A (en) 1989-12-22 1994-02-01 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. Illumination of the cornea for profilometry
US5284477A (en) 1987-06-25 1994-02-08 International Business Machines Corporation Device for correcting the shape of an object by laser treatment
US5298230A (en) 1992-05-01 1994-03-29 Nalco Fuel Tech Process for the efficient catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides
US5319925A (en) 1989-05-28 1994-06-14 A.S.A. B.V. Installation for generating electrical energy
JPH06223851A (en) 1993-01-28 1994-08-12 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Fuel cell and gas turbine combined generation system
US5344306A (en) 1991-08-28 1994-09-06 Nalco Fuel Tech Reducing nitrogen oxides emissions by dual fuel firing of a turbine
US5391165A (en) 1990-08-22 1995-02-21 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. System for scanning a surgical laser beam
US5413879A (en) 1994-02-08 1995-05-09 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Integrated gas turbine solid oxide fuel cell system
US5417051A (en) 1990-10-15 1995-05-23 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Process and installation for the combined generation of electrical and mechanical energy
US5419852A (en) 1991-12-02 1995-05-30 Intevep, S.A. Bimodal emulsion and its method of preparation
US5469830A (en) 1995-02-24 1995-11-28 The Cessna Aircraft Company Fuel blending system method and apparatus
US5482791A (en) 1993-01-28 1996-01-09 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Fuel cell/gas turbine combined power generation system and method for operating the same
US5535708A (en) 1993-08-30 1996-07-16 Platinum Plus, Inc. Reduction of nitrogen oxides emissions from diesel engines
US5584894A (en) 1992-07-22 1996-12-17 Platinum Plus, Inc. Reduction of nitrogen oxides emissions from vehicular diesel engines
US5603864A (en) 1991-12-02 1997-02-18 Intevep, S.A. Method for the preparation of viscous hydrocarbon in aqueous buffer solution emulsions
US5678647A (en) 1994-09-07 1997-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Fuel cell powered propulsion system
US5741245A (en) 1992-01-15 1998-04-21 Premier Laser Systems, Inc. Corneal sculpting using laser energy
US5785136A (en) 1995-03-29 1998-07-28 Mercedes-Benz Ag Hybrid drive and operating method therefor
US5873916A (en) 1998-02-17 1999-02-23 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel emulsion blending system
US5948721A (en) 1995-11-22 1999-09-07 China Petro-Chemical Corporation Dispersing-type catalyst for hydrocracking of heavy oil and residuum, and a method for the preparation thereof
US5995039A (en) * 1996-09-20 1999-11-30 The Johns Hopkins University Method and apparatus for precise noncoherent doppler tracking of a spacecraft
US6004454A (en) 1995-11-22 1999-12-21 China Petro-Chemical Corporation Hydrocracking of heavy oil and residuum with a dispersing-type catalyst
US6098733A (en) 1995-10-13 2000-08-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Hybrid drive system for motor vehicle
US6105697A (en) 1996-04-01 2000-08-22 Weaver; Winstead B. Hybrid turbine-electric motor system
US6209672B1 (en) 1998-09-14 2001-04-03 Paice Corporation Hybrid vehicle
US6213234B1 (en) 1997-10-14 2001-04-10 Capstone Turbine Corporation Vehicle powered by a fuel cell/gas turbine combination
US6230494B1 (en) 1999-02-01 2001-05-15 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Power generation system and method
US20010023034A1 (en) 1998-05-22 2001-09-20 Xenophon Verykios Process for the production of hydrogen and electrical energy from reforming of bio-ethanol
US6325792B1 (en) 1991-11-06 2001-12-04 Casimir A. Swinger Ophthalmic surgical laser and method
US6338391B1 (en) 1999-03-01 2002-01-15 Paice Corporation Hybrid vehicles incorporating turbochargers
US6367570B1 (en) 1997-10-17 2002-04-09 Electromotive Inc. Hybrid electric vehicle with electric motor providing strategic power assist to load balance internal combustion engine
US6392313B1 (en) 1996-07-16 2002-05-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microturbomachinery
JP2002213304A (en) 2001-01-15 2002-07-31 Kiyoyuki Hashida Engine using steam explosion
US6458478B1 (en) 2000-09-08 2002-10-01 Chi S. Wang Thermoelectric reformer fuel cell process and system
US20020172845A1 (en) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-21 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system and method for operating the same
US20020174659A1 (en) 2001-05-24 2002-11-28 Fermin Viteri Combined fuel cell and fuel combustion power generation systems
US20030054214A1 (en) 2000-09-19 2003-03-20 Christoph Noelscher Power generation plant and method of generating electric energy
US6536547B1 (en) 1999-05-05 2003-03-25 Daniel J. Meaney, Jr. Hybrid electric vehicle having alternate power sources
US6541876B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2003-04-01 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Engine operated generator
US6554088B2 (en) 1998-09-14 2003-04-29 Paice Corporation Hybrid vehicles
US6581705B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2003-06-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for starting an engine in a parallel hybrid electric vehicle
US6609582B1 (en) 1999-04-19 2003-08-26 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Power generation system and method
US6612269B2 (en) 2000-08-11 2003-09-02 The Regents Of The University Of California Apparatus and method for operating internal combustion engines from variable mixtures of gaseous fuels
US6621175B1 (en) 1999-03-09 2003-09-16 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Engine control system for hybrid vehicle
US6641625B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2003-11-04 Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. Integrated hydrocarbon reforming system and controls
US6655325B1 (en) 1999-02-01 2003-12-02 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Power generation system and method with exhaust side solid oxide fuel cell
US6659213B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2003-12-09 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Control device for hybrid vehicle
US6664651B1 (en) 2000-11-14 2003-12-16 Ford Motor Company Engine on idle arbitration for a hybrid electric vehicle
US6672415B1 (en) 1999-05-26 2004-01-06 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Moving object with fuel cells incorporated therein and method of controlling the same
US20040038097A1 (en) 2002-08-20 2004-02-26 General Electric Company Fuel cell assembly and thermal environment control method
US6701229B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2004-03-02 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle drive system
US20040053087A1 (en) 2000-12-28 2004-03-18 Jun Akikusa Hybrid power system
US6715452B1 (en) 2002-11-13 2004-04-06 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for shutting down a fuel reformer
US6736229B1 (en) 2003-03-05 2004-05-18 Ford Motor Company Energy storage system for a vehicle
US20040197612A1 (en) 2003-02-26 2004-10-07 Questair Technologies Inc. Hydrogen recycle for high temperature fuel cells
US6808145B2 (en) 2002-02-08 2004-10-26 Cu Aerospace Dual-mode airbreathing propulsion system
US6815102B2 (en) 2002-06-13 2004-11-09 General Electric Company Energy management system for a rotary machine and method therefor
US6819985B2 (en) 2002-03-13 2004-11-16 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Shift control device for hybrid vehicle
US6817182B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2004-11-16 Lawrence G. Clawson High-efficiency Otto cycle engine with power generating expander
US20040237406A1 (en) 2000-08-18 2004-12-02 Franz Fuder Membrane reactor and method for the production of highly pure hydrogen gas
US6827047B2 (en) 2001-12-19 2004-12-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle provided with internal combustion engine and fuel reforming/supplying functions
US6837702B1 (en) 1994-12-01 2005-01-04 Wartsila Diesel, Inc. Method of operating a combined cycle power plant
US20050019620A1 (en) * 2003-07-21 2005-01-27 General Electric Company Hybrid fuel cell-pulse detonation power system
US6896988B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2005-05-24 Fuelcell Energy, Inc. Enhanced high efficiency fuel cell/turbine power plant
US6908700B2 (en) 2001-05-24 2005-06-21 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system for vehicle
US6913603B2 (en) 1989-02-06 2005-07-05 Visx, Inc. Automated laser workstation for high precision surgical and industrial interventions
US20050144961A1 (en) 2003-12-24 2005-07-07 General Electric Company System and method for cogeneration of hydrogen and electricity
US20050196659A1 (en) 2004-03-04 2005-09-08 Grieve Malcolm J. Hybrid power generating system combining a fuel cell and a gas turbine
US6978621B2 (en) 2002-12-31 2005-12-27 General Electric Company Turbo recuperator device
US6981472B2 (en) 2002-11-18 2006-01-03 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Homogeneous charge compression ignition control utilizing plasmatron fuel converter technology
US20060010866A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2006-01-19 General Electric Company Pressurized near-isothermal fuel cell - gas turbine hybrid system
US6989209B2 (en) 2002-12-27 2006-01-24 General Electric Company Power generation method
US6994930B1 (en) 2002-08-21 2006-02-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Direct fired reciprocating engine and bottoming high temperature fuel cell hybrid
US20060063046A1 (en) 2004-09-17 2006-03-23 Eaton Corporation Clean power system
JP2006515912A (en) 2003-01-22 2006-06-08 ヴァスト・パワー・システムズ・インコーポレーテッド Thermodynamic cycle using thermal diluent
US20060180362A1 (en) 2003-07-30 2006-08-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control apparatus and control method of vehicle
US7147072B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2006-12-12 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing hybrid power in vehicle
US7153599B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2006-12-26 General Electric Company Cooled turbine integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant
US7184875B2 (en) 2004-12-14 2007-02-27 General Electric Company High temperature protection of hybrid fuel cell system combustor and other components VIA water or water vapor injection
US20070077459A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2007-04-05 Walton James F Ii Compressor-expander with high to idle air flow to fuel cell
WO2007113507A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-11 The University Of Sussex Power supply system
JP2007287579A (en) 2006-04-19 2007-11-01 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind Fuel cell facility and combined power generation facility
US20070266695A1 (en) 2006-05-17 2007-11-22 Lui Clarence W Flexible power and thermal architectures using a common machine
US20080003466A1 (en) * 2003-02-24 2008-01-03 Texaco Inc. Diesel Steam Reforming With CO2 Fixing
US20080118800A1 (en) 2006-11-01 2008-05-22 Devriendt James Fuel cell heat exchange systems and methods
US7380749B2 (en) 2005-04-21 2008-06-03 The Boeing Company Combined fuel cell aircraft auxiliary power unit and environmental control system
US20080187789A1 (en) 2007-02-05 2008-08-07 Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh Integrated fuel cell and heat engine hybrid system for high efficiency power generation
US7410713B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2008-08-12 General Electric Company Integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant with re-circulated air and fuel flow
US7456517B2 (en) 2005-04-12 2008-11-25 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for controlled solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)/turbine hybrid power generation
US20090001727A1 (en) 2005-04-19 2009-01-01 Statoil Asa Process for Production of Electric Energy and Co2 From a Hydrocarbon Feedstock
US7520350B2 (en) 2004-11-22 2009-04-21 Robert Hotto System and method for extracting propulsion energy from motor vehicle exhaust
US20090107149A1 (en) * 2007-10-25 2009-04-30 Honeywell International Inc. Current-protected driver circuit for ignition exciter unit
US7536981B2 (en) 2003-06-26 2009-05-26 Powergen International Pty, Ltd. Reformate assisted combustion
US7563527B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-07-21 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell-atmospheric-pressure turbine hybrid system
US7585406B2 (en) 2005-08-16 2009-09-08 Research Institute Of Petroleum Industry (Ripi) Process for hydroconverting of a heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock
JP2009205932A (en) 2008-02-27 2009-09-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Combined system
JP2009211836A (en) 2008-02-29 2009-09-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Power generating device
US7595124B2 (en) 2003-10-09 2009-09-29 General Electric Company Integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant with controlled oxidant flow for combustion of spent fuel
US7615304B2 (en) 2005-10-28 2009-11-10 General Electric Company SOFC systems to power a liquid or gas fuel pumping station
JP4450623B2 (en) 2001-11-01 2010-04-14 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Fuel cell system
US7752848B2 (en) 2004-03-29 2010-07-13 General Electric Company System and method for co-production of hydrogen and electrical energy
US7803473B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2010-09-28 General Electric Company Integrated power plant and system and method incorporating the same
US20110159386A1 (en) 2009-12-28 2011-06-30 Andreas Kaupert Operating process for a fuel cell system operating process for a fuel cell
US20110207003A1 (en) 2007-08-10 2011-08-25 Sud-Chemie Ag Method for removing CO, H2 and/or CH4 from the anode waste gas of a fuel cell with mixed oxide catalysts comprising Cu, Mn and optionally at least one rare earth metal
US8096109B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2012-01-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft System of a fuel cell and an internal-combustion engine
US20120088167A1 (en) 2010-10-06 2012-04-12 J. Eberspaecher Gmbh & Co. Kg Operating method for a fuel cell system
US20120251899A1 (en) 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 General Electric Company Solid-oxide fuel cell high-efficiency reform-and-recirculate system
US20120285162A1 (en) 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Korea Institute Of Machinery & Materials Fuel cell-engine hybrid system
US20140060461A1 (en) 2011-03-31 2014-03-06 General Electric Company Power generation system utilizing a fuel cell integrated with a combustion engine
US8841041B2 (en) 2007-10-29 2014-09-23 United Technologies Corporation Integration of an organic rankine cycle with a fuel cell
US8910484B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2014-12-16 Airbus Operations Gmbh System and process for the reduction of harmful substances in engine exhaust gases

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002122030A (en) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-26 Kobe Steel Ltd Facility for co-producing power and hydrogen
JP3917838B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2007-05-23 三菱重工業株式会社 Fuel cell system and combined power generation system
US7503948B2 (en) 2003-05-23 2009-03-17 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Solid oxide fuel cell systems having temperature swing reforming
FR2868213B1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2008-03-07 Renault Sas GAS MANAGEMENT DEVICE OF A FUEL CELL SYSTEM
DE202004006532U1 (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-09-01 FR. LÜRSSEN WERFT GmbH & Co.KG Mobile power supply device for use in e.g. ship, has combination of high pressure driven fuel cell and gas turbine, where gas turbine has compressor for generating high-pressure with exhaust gas of fuel cell and with additional fuel
KR101025773B1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2011-04-04 삼성테크윈 주식회사 Turbo generator apparatus and fuel cell system with the same
EP1926171A1 (en) 2006-11-22 2008-05-28 Technip KTI S.p.A. Method and apparatus for integrating a liquid fuel processor and a fuel cell through dual reforming and a gas turbine

Patent Citations (170)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1701621A (en) 1920-04-05 1929-02-12 Kirschbraun Lester Emulsified fuel
US1614560A (en) 1920-08-16 1927-01-18 Kirschbraun Lester Combustible fuel and process of making same
US1611429A (en) 1923-03-01 1926-12-21 Raymond Salisbury Method of preparing liquid fuels for combustion
US1975631A (en) 1929-11-16 1934-10-02 Universal Products Corp Emulsifying apparatus
US2461580A (en) 1944-01-28 1949-02-15 Sol B Wiczer Method and apparatus for emulsifying fuels
US3527581A (en) 1966-10-17 1970-09-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Microemulsions of water in hydrocarbon fuel for engines
US3565817A (en) 1968-08-15 1971-02-23 Petrolite Corp Continuous process for the preparation of emuisions
US3658302A (en) 1968-12-31 1972-04-25 Louis Duthion Feed unit for a fuel burner
US3766942A (en) 1970-06-02 1973-10-23 Elf Union And Ateliers Des Cha System for supplying an emulsion of liquid fuel and water to a heating burner
US3769963A (en) 1972-03-31 1973-11-06 L Goldman Instrument for performing laser micro-surgery and diagnostic transillumination of living human tissue
US3862819A (en) 1974-01-02 1975-01-28 Wsj Catalyzers Inc Fuel catalyzer
US4119862A (en) 1974-09-30 1978-10-10 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Control apparatus of electric motor cars
US4116610A (en) 1975-09-10 1978-09-26 Columbia Chase Corporation Combustion process
US4014637A (en) 1976-03-01 1977-03-29 Schena Kenneth R Catalyst generator
US4009984A (en) 1976-03-08 1977-03-01 Morrison Charles F Vapor injection system for fuel combustion
US4173449A (en) 1976-04-20 1979-11-06 Seymour Israel Surfactant system for fuel catalyzer
US4172814A (en) 1977-02-28 1979-10-30 The Dow Chemical Company Emulsion catalyst for hydrogenation processes
US4218221A (en) 1978-01-30 1980-08-19 Cottell Eric Charles Production of fuels
US4309998A (en) 1978-06-08 1982-01-12 Aron Rosa Daniele S Process and apparatus for ophthalmic surgery
US4391275A (en) 1979-11-28 1983-07-05 Lasag Ag Method for the surgical treatment of the eye
US4431520A (en) 1981-08-11 1984-02-14 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process for the catalytic hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbons in liquid phase in the presence of a dispersed catalyst and of carbonaceous particles
US4687491A (en) 1981-08-21 1987-08-18 Dresser Industries, Inc. Fuel admixture for a catalytic combustor
US4376037A (en) 1981-10-16 1983-03-08 Chevron Research Company Hydroprocessing of heavy hydrocarbonaceous oils
US4784135A (en) 1982-12-09 1988-11-15 International Business Machines Corporation Far ultraviolet surgical and dental procedures
US4579430A (en) 1982-12-11 1986-04-01 Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung Method and apparatus for forming an image of the ocular fundus
US4563982A (en) 1983-03-12 1986-01-14 Forschungsgesellschaft Fur Energietechnik Und Verbrennungsmotoren Mbh Method and apparatus for introduction of a fluid medium into working space of an internal combustion engine
US4618348A (en) 1983-11-02 1986-10-21 Petroleum Fermentations N.V. Combustion of viscous hydrocarbons
US4618348B1 (en) 1983-11-02 1990-05-01 Petroleum Fermentations
US4665913A (en) 1983-11-17 1987-05-19 Lri L.P. Method for ophthalmological surgery
US4761071A (en) 1984-11-06 1988-08-02 Baron William S Apparatus and method for determining corneal and scleral topography
US4659454A (en) 1984-12-21 1987-04-21 Mobil Oil Corporation Hydrocracking of heavy feeds plus light fractions with dispersed dual function catalyst
US4669466A (en) 1985-01-16 1987-06-02 Lri L.P. Method and apparatus for analysis and correction of abnormal refractive errors of the eye
US4637870A (en) 1985-04-29 1987-01-20 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Hydrocracking with phosphomolybdic acid and phosphoric acid
US4722303A (en) 1985-07-04 1988-02-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating an internal combustion engine
US4708753A (en) 1985-12-06 1987-11-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Water-in-oil emulsions
US4832701A (en) 1986-06-17 1989-05-23 Intevep, S.A. Process for the regeneration of an additive used to control emissions during the combustion of high sulfur fuel
US4696638A (en) 1986-07-07 1987-09-29 Denherder Marvin J Oil fuel combustion
US4911711A (en) 1986-12-05 1990-03-27 Taunton Technologies, Inc. Sculpture apparatus for correcting curvature of the cornea
US5284477A (en) 1987-06-25 1994-02-08 International Business Machines Corporation Device for correcting the shape of an object by laser treatment
US5147352A (en) 1987-07-08 1992-09-15 Alain Azema Optical system for use in a surgical apparatus
US5000757A (en) 1987-07-28 1991-03-19 British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Preparation and combustion of fuel oil emulsions
US4981883A (en) 1988-01-19 1991-01-01 The Glidden Company Process for producing low temperature cure emulsions
US4901718A (en) 1988-02-02 1990-02-20 Intelligent Surgical Lasers 3-Dimensional laser beam guidance system
US4848340A (en) 1988-02-10 1989-07-18 Intelligent Surgical Lasers Eyetracker and method of use
US4881808A (en) 1988-02-10 1989-11-21 Intelligent Surgical Lasers Imaging system for surgical lasers
US4907586A (en) 1988-03-31 1990-03-13 Intelligent Surgical Lasers Method for reshaping the eye
US5002020A (en) 1988-04-26 1991-03-26 Kos Joseph F Computer optimized hybrid engine
US4923768A (en) 1988-08-22 1990-05-08 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Fuel cell power generation system
US5098426A (en) 1989-02-06 1992-03-24 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for precision laser surgery
US6913603B2 (en) 1989-02-06 2005-07-05 Visx, Inc. Automated laser workstation for high precision surgical and industrial interventions
US5049147A (en) 1989-04-06 1991-09-17 Danon Nissim N Apparatus for computerized laser surgery
US5319925A (en) 1989-05-28 1994-06-14 A.S.A. B.V. Installation for generating electrical energy
US5054907A (en) 1989-12-22 1991-10-08 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. Ophthalmic diagnostic apparatus and method
US5170193A (en) 1989-12-22 1992-12-08 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method of identifying signals in biological tissues
US5283598A (en) 1989-12-22 1994-02-01 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. Illumination of the cornea for profilometry
US5062702A (en) 1990-03-16 1991-11-05 Intelligent Surgical Lasers, Inc. Device for mapping corneal topography
US5039392A (en) 1990-06-04 1991-08-13 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Hydroconversion process using a sulfided molybdenum catalyst concentrate
US5391165A (en) 1990-08-22 1995-02-21 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. System for scanning a surgical laser beam
US5417051A (en) 1990-10-15 1995-05-23 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Process and installation for the combined generation of electrical and mechanical energy
US5162641A (en) 1991-02-19 1992-11-10 Phoenix Laser Systems, Inc. System and method for detecting, correcting and measuring depth movement of target tissue in a laser surgical system
US5344306A (en) 1991-08-28 1994-09-06 Nalco Fuel Tech Reducing nitrogen oxides emissions by dual fuel firing of a turbine
US6325792B1 (en) 1991-11-06 2001-12-04 Casimir A. Swinger Ophthalmic surgical laser and method
US5503772A (en) 1991-12-02 1996-04-02 Intevep, S.A. Bimodal emulsion and its method of preparation
US5419852A (en) 1991-12-02 1995-05-30 Intevep, S.A. Bimodal emulsion and its method of preparation
US5603864A (en) 1991-12-02 1997-02-18 Intevep, S.A. Method for the preparation of viscous hydrocarbon in aqueous buffer solution emulsions
US5741245A (en) 1992-01-15 1998-04-21 Premier Laser Systems, Inc. Corneal sculpting using laser energy
US5298230A (en) 1992-05-01 1994-03-29 Nalco Fuel Tech Process for the efficient catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides
US5584894A (en) 1992-07-22 1996-12-17 Platinum Plus, Inc. Reduction of nitrogen oxides emissions from vehicular diesel engines
JPH06223851A (en) 1993-01-28 1994-08-12 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Fuel cell and gas turbine combined generation system
US5482791A (en) 1993-01-28 1996-01-09 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Fuel cell/gas turbine combined power generation system and method for operating the same
US5535708A (en) 1993-08-30 1996-07-16 Platinum Plus, Inc. Reduction of nitrogen oxides emissions from diesel engines
US5413879A (en) 1994-02-08 1995-05-09 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Integrated gas turbine solid oxide fuel cell system
US5678647A (en) 1994-09-07 1997-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Fuel cell powered propulsion system
US6837702B1 (en) 1994-12-01 2005-01-04 Wartsila Diesel, Inc. Method of operating a combined cycle power plant
US5469830A (en) 1995-02-24 1995-11-28 The Cessna Aircraft Company Fuel blending system method and apparatus
US5785136A (en) 1995-03-29 1998-07-28 Mercedes-Benz Ag Hybrid drive and operating method therefor
US6098733A (en) 1995-10-13 2000-08-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Hybrid drive system for motor vehicle
US6004454A (en) 1995-11-22 1999-12-21 China Petro-Chemical Corporation Hydrocracking of heavy oil and residuum with a dispersing-type catalyst
US5948721A (en) 1995-11-22 1999-09-07 China Petro-Chemical Corporation Dispersing-type catalyst for hydrocracking of heavy oil and residuum, and a method for the preparation thereof
US6105697A (en) 1996-04-01 2000-08-22 Weaver; Winstead B. Hybrid turbine-electric motor system
US6392313B1 (en) 1996-07-16 2002-05-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microturbomachinery
US5995039A (en) * 1996-09-20 1999-11-30 The Johns Hopkins University Method and apparatus for precise noncoherent doppler tracking of a spacecraft
US6213234B1 (en) 1997-10-14 2001-04-10 Capstone Turbine Corporation Vehicle powered by a fuel cell/gas turbine combination
US6367570B1 (en) 1997-10-17 2002-04-09 Electromotive Inc. Hybrid electric vehicle with electric motor providing strategic power assist to load balance internal combustion engine
US5873916A (en) 1998-02-17 1999-02-23 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel emulsion blending system
US6605376B2 (en) 1998-05-22 2003-08-12 Helbio S.A. Hydrogene And Energy Production Systems Process for the production of hydrogen and electrical energy from reforming of bio-ethanol
US20010023034A1 (en) 1998-05-22 2001-09-20 Xenophon Verykios Process for the production of hydrogen and electrical energy from reforming of bio-ethanol
US6209672B1 (en) 1998-09-14 2001-04-03 Paice Corporation Hybrid vehicle
US6554088B2 (en) 1998-09-14 2003-04-29 Paice Corporation Hybrid vehicles
US6230494B1 (en) 1999-02-01 2001-05-15 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Power generation system and method
US6655325B1 (en) 1999-02-01 2003-12-02 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Power generation system and method with exhaust side solid oxide fuel cell
US6338391B1 (en) 1999-03-01 2002-01-15 Paice Corporation Hybrid vehicles incorporating turbochargers
US6621175B1 (en) 1999-03-09 2003-09-16 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Engine control system for hybrid vehicle
US6609582B1 (en) 1999-04-19 2003-08-26 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Power generation system and method
US6641625B1 (en) 1999-05-03 2003-11-04 Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. Integrated hydrocarbon reforming system and controls
US6536547B1 (en) 1999-05-05 2003-03-25 Daniel J. Meaney, Jr. Hybrid electric vehicle having alternate power sources
US6672415B1 (en) 1999-05-26 2004-01-06 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Moving object with fuel cells incorporated therein and method of controlling the same
US6659213B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2003-12-09 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Control device for hybrid vehicle
US6541876B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2003-04-01 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Engine operated generator
US6612269B2 (en) 2000-08-11 2003-09-02 The Regents Of The University Of California Apparatus and method for operating internal combustion engines from variable mixtures of gaseous fuels
US20040237406A1 (en) 2000-08-18 2004-12-02 Franz Fuder Membrane reactor and method for the production of highly pure hydrogen gas
US6458478B1 (en) 2000-09-08 2002-10-01 Chi S. Wang Thermoelectric reformer fuel cell process and system
US20030054214A1 (en) 2000-09-19 2003-03-20 Christoph Noelscher Power generation plant and method of generating electric energy
US6664651B1 (en) 2000-11-14 2003-12-16 Ford Motor Company Engine on idle arbitration for a hybrid electric vehicle
US20040053087A1 (en) 2000-12-28 2004-03-18 Jun Akikusa Hybrid power system
JP2002213304A (en) 2001-01-15 2002-07-31 Kiyoyuki Hashida Engine using steam explosion
US6701229B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2004-03-02 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle drive system
US20020172845A1 (en) * 2001-05-01 2002-11-21 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system and method for operating the same
US6908700B2 (en) 2001-05-24 2005-06-21 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system for vehicle
US6868677B2 (en) 2001-05-24 2005-03-22 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Combined fuel cell and fuel combustion power generation systems
US20020174659A1 (en) 2001-05-24 2002-11-28 Fermin Viteri Combined fuel cell and fuel combustion power generation systems
US6581705B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2003-06-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for starting an engine in a parallel hybrid electric vehicle
JP4450623B2 (en) 2001-11-01 2010-04-14 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Fuel cell system
US6817182B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2004-11-16 Lawrence G. Clawson High-efficiency Otto cycle engine with power generating expander
US6827047B2 (en) 2001-12-19 2004-12-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle provided with internal combustion engine and fuel reforming/supplying functions
US6808145B2 (en) 2002-02-08 2004-10-26 Cu Aerospace Dual-mode airbreathing propulsion system
US6819985B2 (en) 2002-03-13 2004-11-16 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Shift control device for hybrid vehicle
US20070077459A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2007-04-05 Walton James F Ii Compressor-expander with high to idle air flow to fuel cell
US6815102B2 (en) 2002-06-13 2004-11-09 General Electric Company Energy management system for a rotary machine and method therefor
US20040038097A1 (en) 2002-08-20 2004-02-26 General Electric Company Fuel cell assembly and thermal environment control method
US6994930B1 (en) 2002-08-21 2006-02-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Direct fired reciprocating engine and bottoming high temperature fuel cell hybrid
US6715452B1 (en) 2002-11-13 2004-04-06 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for shutting down a fuel reformer
US6981472B2 (en) 2002-11-18 2006-01-03 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Homogeneous charge compression ignition control utilizing plasmatron fuel converter technology
US7410713B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2008-08-12 General Electric Company Integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant with re-circulated air and fuel flow
US7153599B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2006-12-26 General Electric Company Cooled turbine integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant
US6989209B2 (en) 2002-12-27 2006-01-24 General Electric Company Power generation method
US6978621B2 (en) 2002-12-31 2005-12-27 General Electric Company Turbo recuperator device
JP2006515912A (en) 2003-01-22 2006-06-08 ヴァスト・パワー・システムズ・インコーポレーテッド Thermodynamic cycle using thermal diluent
US20080003466A1 (en) * 2003-02-24 2008-01-03 Texaco Inc. Diesel Steam Reforming With CO2 Fixing
US20040197612A1 (en) 2003-02-26 2004-10-07 Questair Technologies Inc. Hydrogen recycle for high temperature fuel cells
US6736229B1 (en) 2003-03-05 2004-05-18 Ford Motor Company Energy storage system for a vehicle
US7147072B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2006-12-12 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing hybrid power in vehicle
US7536981B2 (en) 2003-06-26 2009-05-26 Powergen International Pty, Ltd. Reformate assisted combustion
US7563527B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2009-07-21 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell-atmospheric-pressure turbine hybrid system
US20050019620A1 (en) * 2003-07-21 2005-01-27 General Electric Company Hybrid fuel cell-pulse detonation power system
US7150143B2 (en) * 2003-07-21 2006-12-19 General Electric Company Hybrid fuel cell-pulse detonation power system
US20060180362A1 (en) 2003-07-30 2006-08-17 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control apparatus and control method of vehicle
US6896988B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2005-05-24 Fuelcell Energy, Inc. Enhanced high efficiency fuel cell/turbine power plant
US7595124B2 (en) 2003-10-09 2009-09-29 General Electric Company Integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant with controlled oxidant flow for combustion of spent fuel
US20050144961A1 (en) 2003-12-24 2005-07-07 General Electric Company System and method for cogeneration of hydrogen and electricity
US20050196659A1 (en) 2004-03-04 2005-09-08 Grieve Malcolm J. Hybrid power generating system combining a fuel cell and a gas turbine
US7752848B2 (en) 2004-03-29 2010-07-13 General Electric Company System and method for co-production of hydrogen and electrical energy
US7803473B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2010-09-28 General Electric Company Integrated power plant and system and method incorporating the same
US20060010866A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2006-01-19 General Electric Company Pressurized near-isothermal fuel cell - gas turbine hybrid system
US20060063046A1 (en) 2004-09-17 2006-03-23 Eaton Corporation Clean power system
US7520350B2 (en) 2004-11-22 2009-04-21 Robert Hotto System and method for extracting propulsion energy from motor vehicle exhaust
US7184875B2 (en) 2004-12-14 2007-02-27 General Electric Company High temperature protection of hybrid fuel cell system combustor and other components VIA water or water vapor injection
US8096109B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2012-01-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft System of a fuel cell and an internal-combustion engine
US7456517B2 (en) 2005-04-12 2008-11-25 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for controlled solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)/turbine hybrid power generation
US20090001727A1 (en) 2005-04-19 2009-01-01 Statoil Asa Process for Production of Electric Energy and Co2 From a Hydrocarbon Feedstock
US8016228B2 (en) 2005-04-21 2011-09-13 The Boeing Company Combined fuel cell aircraft auxiliary power unit and environmental control system
US7380749B2 (en) 2005-04-21 2008-06-03 The Boeing Company Combined fuel cell aircraft auxiliary power unit and environmental control system
US7585406B2 (en) 2005-08-16 2009-09-08 Research Institute Of Petroleum Industry (Ripi) Process for hydroconverting of a heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock
US7615304B2 (en) 2005-10-28 2009-11-10 General Electric Company SOFC systems to power a liquid or gas fuel pumping station
WO2007113507A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-11 The University Of Sussex Power supply system
JP2007287579A (en) 2006-04-19 2007-11-01 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind Fuel cell facility and combined power generation facility
US20070266695A1 (en) 2006-05-17 2007-11-22 Lui Clarence W Flexible power and thermal architectures using a common machine
US20080118800A1 (en) 2006-11-01 2008-05-22 Devriendt James Fuel cell heat exchange systems and methods
US20080187789A1 (en) 2007-02-05 2008-08-07 Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh Integrated fuel cell and heat engine hybrid system for high efficiency power generation
US20110207003A1 (en) 2007-08-10 2011-08-25 Sud-Chemie Ag Method for removing CO, H2 and/or CH4 from the anode waste gas of a fuel cell with mixed oxide catalysts comprising Cu, Mn and optionally at least one rare earth metal
US20090107149A1 (en) * 2007-10-25 2009-04-30 Honeywell International Inc. Current-protected driver circuit for ignition exciter unit
US8841041B2 (en) 2007-10-29 2014-09-23 United Technologies Corporation Integration of an organic rankine cycle with a fuel cell
US8910484B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2014-12-16 Airbus Operations Gmbh System and process for the reduction of harmful substances in engine exhaust gases
JP2009205932A (en) 2008-02-27 2009-09-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Combined system
JP2009211836A (en) 2008-02-29 2009-09-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Power generating device
US20110159386A1 (en) 2009-12-28 2011-06-30 Andreas Kaupert Operating process for a fuel cell system operating process for a fuel cell
US20120088167A1 (en) 2010-10-06 2012-04-12 J. Eberspaecher Gmbh & Co. Kg Operating method for a fuel cell system
US20120251899A1 (en) 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 General Electric Company Solid-oxide fuel cell high-efficiency reform-and-recirculate system
US20140060461A1 (en) 2011-03-31 2014-03-06 General Electric Company Power generation system utilizing a fuel cell integrated with a combustion engine
US20120285162A1 (en) 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Korea Institute Of Machinery & Materials Fuel cell-engine hybrid system

Non-Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Daniel R. Cohn, Lesile Bromberg, Sid Diamond, James Eberhardt, Arron Yocum, "IV.B Onboard Plasmatron Hydrogen Production for Improved Vehicles" Heavy Vehicle System Optimization Program FY 2005 Annual Report, pp. 133-137.
Green Car Congress, "Researches Exploring on-Board Exhaust Gas Reforming to Improve Combustion and Recover Waste Heat", http://www.greencarcongress.com/2010/golunski-20101015 . . . Nov. 25, 2012.
Jack Brouwer, Ph.D, "The Gas Turbine Handbook, Chapter 1.4 Hybrid Gas Turbine Fuel Cell Systems" pp. 127-163, published by U.S. Department of Energy NETL 2006.
Joshua E. Freeh, Joseph W. Pratt, Jacob Brouwer, "NASA Development of a Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell/ Gas Turbine Hybrid System Model for Aerospace Applications" NASA/TM-2004-213054 GT23004-53616, May 2004.
K. Duraiswamy, Anand Chellappa, Gregory Smith, Yi Liu, Mingheng Li; "Development of high-efficiency hydrogen generator for fuel cells for distributed power generation", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 35, Issue 17, pp. 8962-8969, Sep. 2010.
Martin Richard Jones, "Feasibility Studies of the Exhaust-Gas Reforming of Hydrocarbon and Alcohol Fuels" Thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham, Apr. 1992 (300 pages).
Rong-Fang Horng, Ming-Pin Lai,"Waste Heat recycling for Fuel Reforming, Chapter 16", www.intechopen.com pp. 355-381, book published Apr. 2012.
Scott Samuelsen, "Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems" 2004 ASME International Gas Turbine Institute, pp. 1-10.
Wolfgang Winkler, Hagen Lorenz, "Layout of SOFC-GT Cycles with Electric Efficiencies Over 80%", http://www.mp.haw-hamburg.de/pers/Winkler/4EUSOFCF.pdf, Published Sep. 27, 2013.

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10414508B2 (en) 2015-01-23 2019-09-17 General Electric Company Gas-electric propulsion system for an aircraft
US11673678B2 (en) 2015-01-23 2023-06-13 General Electric Company Gas-electric propulsion system for an aircraft
US11312502B2 (en) 2015-01-23 2022-04-26 General Electric Company Gas-electric propulsion system for an aircraft
US9938853B2 (en) 2015-10-23 2018-04-10 General Electric Company Torsional damping for gas turbine engines
US9764848B1 (en) 2016-03-07 2017-09-19 General Electric Company Propulsion system for an aircraft
US11724814B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2023-08-15 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US10071811B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2018-09-11 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US10487839B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2019-11-26 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US10093428B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2018-10-09 General Electric Company Electric propulsion system
US10308366B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2019-06-04 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US11247779B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2022-02-15 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US10822103B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2020-11-03 General Electric Company Propulsor assembly for an aircraft
US10793281B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2020-10-06 General Electric Company Propulsion system for an aircraft
US11149578B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2021-10-19 General Electric Company Propulsion system for an aircraft
US10762726B2 (en) 2017-06-13 2020-09-01 General Electric Company Hybrid-electric propulsion system for an aircraft
US11156128B2 (en) 2018-08-22 2021-10-26 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
US11097849B2 (en) 2018-09-10 2021-08-24 General Electric Company Aircraft having an aft engine
US11539316B2 (en) 2019-07-30 2022-12-27 General Electric Company Active stability control of compression systems utilizing electric machines
US11719441B2 (en) 2022-01-04 2023-08-08 General Electric Company Systems and methods for providing output products to a combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine
US11794912B2 (en) 2022-01-04 2023-10-24 General Electric Company Systems and methods for reducing emissions with a fuel cell
US11933216B2 (en) 2022-01-04 2024-03-19 General Electric Company Systems and methods for providing output products to a combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine
US11804607B2 (en) 2022-01-21 2023-10-31 General Electric Company Cooling of a fuel cell assembly
US11817700B1 (en) 2022-07-20 2023-11-14 General Electric Company Decentralized electrical power allocation system
US11859820B1 (en) 2022-11-10 2024-01-02 General Electric Company Gas turbine combustion section having an integrated fuel cell assembly
US11923586B1 (en) 2022-11-10 2024-03-05 General Electric Company Gas turbine combustion section having an integrated fuel cell assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2720193C (en) 2013-06-18
GB201210640D0 (en) 2012-08-01
DE112010004880T5 (en) 2012-09-27
GB2489138A (en) 2012-09-19
CA2720193A1 (en) 2011-06-18
DE112010004880B4 (en) 2022-05-05
US20110146295A1 (en) 2011-06-23
WO2011075376A1 (en) 2011-06-23
US20120006036A1 (en) 2012-01-12
US7818969B1 (en) 2010-10-26
GB2534745A (en) 2016-08-03
GB2489138B (en) 2016-09-07
JP5570614B2 (en) 2014-08-13
US8047006B2 (en) 2011-11-01
JP2013514494A (en) 2013-04-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9059440B2 (en) Enhanced efficiency turbine
US9731834B2 (en) Aircraft systems and methods with integrated tank inerting and power generation
EP1441408B1 (en) Hybrid solid oxide fuel cell aircraft auxiliary power unit
US20090293494A1 (en) Hybrid drive for an aircraft
US10644331B2 (en) Rapid start hybrid solid oxide fuel cell power system
US7276306B2 (en) System for the co-production of electricity and hydrogen
US8910484B2 (en) System and process for the reduction of harmful substances in engine exhaust gases
US11289726B2 (en) Systems for hybrid fuel cell power generation
JP4048862B2 (en) BOG processing method and apparatus for liquefied gas carrier
US11444302B2 (en) Vortex tube reformer for hydrogen production, separation, and integrated use
US20160344051A1 (en) Integrated reformer and syngas separator
WO2016186762A1 (en) Vortex tube reformer for hydrogen production, separation, and integrated use
JP2001334998A (en) Traveling body
Klebanoff et al. Hydrogen conversion technologies and automotive applications
KR101291115B1 (en) Fuel cell generating system and ship having the same
KR102386447B1 (en) Ship with hybrid propulson system
Ammar et al. Overview of the green hydrogen applications in marine power plants onboard ships
JPH11200888A (en) Fuel cell type turbine engine
KR101225689B1 (en) Fuel cell system and ship having the same
WO2024048100A1 (en) Fuel cell, fuel cell system, power generation device, and aircraft
KR101956240B1 (en) Fuel cell system for ship
KR20140086205A (en) Fuel cell generation system capable of additional power generation using high-pressure fuel for ship

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YR, SMALL ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M2551)

Year of fee payment: 4

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YR, SMALL ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M2552); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: SMALL ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 8