US918380A - Automatic firearm with forward-sliding barrel. - Google Patents

Description

A. W. scHWARzLosE. AUTOMATIC FIREARM WITH FORWARD SLIDING BARREL.

APPLICATION FILED AU`G.21, 1907. @3&5 Patented Apr. 13, 1909.

nnTTnn sTaTns ANDREAS WILHELM soHwARzL'osE, or

BERLIN, GERMANY.

AUTGMATIC FIREARM W'ITH FQRWBD-SLIDING BARREL.

Specification of `Letters Patent.

` Patented April 13, 1909.

Application led'August 21, 17907. Serial No. 389,560.

To all wher/zy it may concern:

Be it known -that I, ANDREAS VILHELM SCHWARZLOSE, a subject of the German Emperor, andresident of Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improve# ments in and Relating to Automatic Firearms with Forward-Slidmg Barrels, of which the following is a specification. A

This invention relates to improvements in fire-arms of the automatic magazine type wherein the cartridges` are fed to the barrel from a magazine and wherein the latter is slidably mounted so that when a shell is 'discharged the frictional engagement of the discharging projectile Will carry the barrel forwardly or outwardly whereupon it is returned by means usually in the form of a spring. n fire-arms of this class the cartridge is inserted in place by the barrel on its return movement in readiness for the next discharge. This form of fire-arm has been objectecbto by reason of the fact that projectiles vary in size to such an extent that the frictional engagement thereof with` the barrel, whereby outward movement thereof is eHected, is not always uniform. In rojectiles of a relatively large diameter the ric- `tional engagement is so great that the forward or outward movement of the barrel is effected with such force that the recoil or reaction, due to sudden stoppage, returns the barrel so quickly that the 'ext shell fails to assume a roper position. his fact will be clear for t e reason that the shells fed from the magazine are not positioned or held by positively acting mechanism or by mechanism having a gripping action on the shell, the latter being thrown into position. On the other hand where the projectilesl are under sizethe frictional enga ement is not suiig cient to carrythe barrel orwardly to its outward limit of movement and complete the"l In prior constructions an f feedin operation. effort lies been made to avoid thesedefeets by making the bore of the barrel slightly less in diameter than the minimum diameter of undersized rojectiles but in such constructions the disadvantages resulting from pro jectiles of over-size are encountered with f such detrimental results that bores of mej dium size have been found to serve the puri poses with better satisfaction. ln order to avoid these disadvantages it is proposed to increase the weight of the barrel and conveniently the same is provided with a chamber in which the usual spring is seated and that ortion of the casing which usually sur rounr s the barrel and extends tothe muzzle end thereof is almost wholly dispensed with. and by means of this construction the extra casing completely surrounding the barrel throughout its length is avoided.

A further improvement relatesV to a novel arrangement of the usual abutting or breech wall,` againstwhich the barrel strikes, with respect to the adischargeend of the magazine whereby it is possible to avoid the use of complicated cartridge retaining mechanism heretofore deemed necessary.

The invention'consists in other novel features, will be more fully vset forth in connection with the .accompanying drawing and ascertained in and by the appended claims.

In the drawing: Figure 1 is a side elevation with parts in section illustrating a pistol in connection with which one embodiment of my invention is shown. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. l illustrating the parts in a different position. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the device shown in` Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail detached side and end views of one of the parts of my invention. Fig. 6 is a bottom plane viewl of the barrel andv Fig. 7 is an end view thereof. Fig. 8 is a sec- 3 tional view on line a-b of Fig. y1. y

Like characters of reference designate l similar parts throughout'the different figures of the drawing.

As shown A designates the stock and B designates a barrel support. A magazineI m is removably secured in the stock A by means such for instance as a catch c. The shells` are, as usual, arranged in superposed relation in the magazine and the latter is provided with a follower m which is engaged by a spring m2 for-the urpose vof automatically feeding the cartri ges to the barrel.' The upper end of the magazine m is provided with rearwardly disposed cartridge retaining lugs p which as shown are formed by bending the upper mar insof the magazine inwardly, as

i shown in ig). 8, so that they will overhang i the rear or ase portions of the uppermost cartridge.

weightl of the barrel, which of course results in an increased size thereof, is put to usefulV purpose and the cost of forming a barrel.

will be more particularly pointed out and 'abutment s.

A barrel or cartridge'abutment is provided in the form of a wall s provided with an opening s to accommodate the firing pin which as shown is mounted upon the hammer s2. Said abutment'slis located somewhat in advance of the rear wall of the magazine and the location of this abutment is determined with reference to the length of the cartridge so thatl in a normal position and will be closely adjacent the rear end of the cartridge when the latter is withdrawn from the magazine. This disposition permits of a much more compact arrangement than has heretoforebeen possible by Areason of the fact that no lost motion of the cartridge is necessary in the operation of picking it up by the barrel.

The barrel is indicated at C and is slidably mounted on the support B. Said `support, as indicated in Fig. 3, does not extend around the barrel but is located beneath the same and is conveniently provided with a slide way b having overhanging margins l2 ada ted to enga e flanges cformed on barrel to retain the arrel in slidable connection with its support. The slide wa b extends. rearwardly in said sup ort a istance sufiicient to permit rear-war movement of the-barrel C until the breach end thereof engages the The flanges c are connected at cz and said connecting portion serves, in the position shown in Fig. 1, to engage the rear end b' of the slide way b to arrest rear-ward movement of the barrel C and, in the positionshown in Fig. 2, to engage a rigid" portion which as shownconsists of a spring retainer to limit movement of the barrel in an outward or forward direction.

Between the flanges c the barrel is cutaway as indicated at l and s'aid cut away portion extends from the connecting portion c outwardly to the end of the barrel. The support B is provided with a locking recess c, desirably equal in width and registering with the cutaway portion l, and having its front and rear' walls inclined rear-wardly.

A s ring retainer is provided and is adapted to e removably locked in position and as shown said retainer is provided with a heel To Wall of the recess lc as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In order to facilitate insertion and withdrawal of the heel portion h from the recess 7c the former is relatively reduced in length withres ect to the latter. The body of said retainer 3 fits in the cut away portion l and conveniently closes v the same at its outer end as will be seen by reference to ceiver is provided for the'sprmg it may be formed as indicated at, r by forming the barrel with an annular chamber surrounding the bore and open at the muzzle end of the barrel. A spiral spring is inserted in said chamber r and engages t e inner end thereof and is interposed -betweenk the same and la circular portion h of the retainer which fits in said chamber r withy a suitable working clearance. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the cut away portion l intersects the lchamber r so as to provide a suitable clearance whereby the heel portion 'h' may be conveniently inserted.

Cartridge feeding means is provided to severally engagethe cartridges and feed the same into a position where they will be picked up by the barrel and desirabl said feeding means performs its .function uring the forward movement of the barrel either when said forward movement is effected manually or by the discharge of a shell. In

-addition to this function said feeding means may also -be provided with a cartridge retarder Whereby upward movement of, the uppermost cartridgeinto a pick-up position will be retarded and prevented being raised too high rior to the return movement of the barrel. }S)aid feeding means asshown consists of an extension Z3 which projects rearwardly from the barrel and which is provided on its rear-ward end with a feed lug fv adapted to project into the path of and engage .the rear end of the uppermost cartridge. v For the purpose of permitting such engagement the rear wall of the ma azine m is cut away in a manner clearly s own in Fig. 8. The retarding means consists as shown of a lug which pro'ects laterally from the extension Z3 and as s own said lug 'i is located slightly in advance of the lug'v.'

Said retarding lug i rojects laterally'from the extensionl a su cient distance to en gage the periphery of the cartridge shell and temporarily restrain further upward movement thereof.

The method of assemblingand operation is as follows: The magazine m is first filled with cartridges and 1s then inserted and `locked in the stock, the portions p retaining thel uppermost cartridge within the' maga.i

zine. The barrel C s now positioned in regl said magazine and retain it in aprescribed ve linto the position shown in Fig. 2.

ister with the slide way b and is moved rearf Wardly therein to the position shown in Fig. 1. The spring f is next inserted in place. Subsequently the spring retainer, which also forms the barrel stop is inserted in a manner shown in dotted lines and thenreleased. The action of the spring f on said retainer will tend to rest-ore the part h to a vertical" position and thereby force the heel portion into the recess c until the inclined part engages the rearwardly inclined front wall of said recess Ic as shown in Fig. 1. After such engagement has been effected the spring will hold the retainer in position. Assuming that the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1 and that the trigger is actuated to cause the hammer .s2 to engage the percussion cap of the cartridge the same will discharge and the outwardly moving projectile will force the barrel into the position shown in Fig. 2.. Just prior to the time when the' barrel has reached the limit of its forward movement the lug v will engage the uppermost cartridge and draw the same forwardly from beneath the portion p of the maga'zr'e tendency of the spring m2 acting through the remaining; -cartridges will be to suddenly force the released cartridge upwardly so as to bring the'next uppermost cartridge into engagement with the retainers p. However such upward movement will be arrested by engagement of the released .cartridge with the lug i, as shown in Fig. 2, thereby preventing the next lower cartridge from reaching the retainers p. If it were not for the retarding lug i, or some equivalent means, the sudden movement imparted to the released cartridge would force the same upwardly be# tween the abutment s and the breech end of the barrel. Having reached its forward limit of movement the spring f will return the barrel to a starting position. The lug 'i will first free the uppermost cartridge whereupon the spring fm2 will raise the cartridges in the magazine until the uppermost car..- tridge engages the retainers p. This upward movement will be very sudden and will serve to raise the released cartridge into a position where it may be readily picked up bthe barrel. reached its rearmost position the released cartridge wilLhave been picked up and will occupy the position shownin Fig. 1.-

1. lAn automatic fire-arm comprising in combination, a stock provided with 'an automatic cartridge feeding'magazine, a barrel support, a barrel slidably mountedthereon, a' springA normally ten ing to return said barrel, an abutment for said barrel, and feedingand retarding means carried by said barrel serving to withdraw a cartridge from By the time that the barre hasposition during aportion of the return move matic cartridge feeding magazine, a barrelsupport, a barrel slidably mounted thereon,

l means normally tending to return said barrel,

an abutment vfor said barrel, and feeding and retarding means carried by said barrel serving to withdraw a cartridge from said magazine and retard it from further movement durin a portion of the return movement of said arrel and subsequentlyv release said cartridge, said feeding magazine thereupon forcing said cartridge into a pick-up position.

3. An automatic lire-arm comprising in combination, a stock provided with automatic cartridgel feedin mechanism, a barrel support, a barrel slida ly mounted thereon, means normally tending to return said barrel, and feeding and retarding means carried by said barrel coperating with said cartridge feeding mechanism and serving to withdraw a cartridge from said magazine and retard movement thereof under the action of said mechanism during'a portion of the return movement of said barrel, said mechanism serving when said cartridge is released by said retarding means to force said cartridge into a pick-up position.

4. An automatic fire-arm comprising in combination, a stock provided with automatic .cartridge feeding mechanism, said mechanism being provided with retaining means for said cartridges, a s lidably mounted` barrel, means normally tending to return said barrel to a starting position, and feeding and retarding means carried by said barrel serving to withdraw a cartridge from said retaining means and retard movement of said cartridge under the action of said mechanisrn during a portion of the return movement of said barrel and subsequently releas-A ing said cartridge to permit said mechanism to force the same into a pick-up position.

' 5. An automatic lirearm c om rising in combination, a stock provided wit a magazine having cartridge retaining portions, mechanism normally holding said cartrid es in engagement with said portions, a slida ly mounted barrel, means normally returning said barrel to a starting position, said barre having an extension provided with a feeding and a retaining lug adapted to engage a cartridge and Withdrawitfrom said portions and retard its movement under thel action/of said mechanism during a portion of the return movement of the barrel and subsequentl releasing thc cartridge to permit said mec anism to force said cartridge into a pick-up position.v

6. An automatic firearm comprising in combination, a slidably mounted barrel pro- I barrel, a spring disposed in said chamber, vided With inner and'outer Walls forming a and a spring retainer removably secured to` l spring inclosing chamber open at the muzzle i said support and projecting into said chamend of the barrel, a spring located in said ber into engagement With said spring.

5 chamber,I and a spring retainer projecting In testimony whereof I have hereunto set into said chamber and engaging said spring. my hand in presencel of two Witnesses.

7.y An automatic 'Iire-arm comprising in i ANDREAS WILHELM SCHWARZLOSE.

combination, a 'slidably mounted barrel prol Vitnesses: vided with inner and outer Walls forming a I WOLDEMAR HAUPT,

10 spring inclosing chamber, a support for said HENRY HASPER.

Images