WO1984000075A1

WO1984000075A1 - A data store

Info

Publication number: WO1984000075A1
Application number: PCT/DK1983/000062
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Folkmann
Original assignee: Gnt Automatic As
Priority date: 1982-06-17
Filing date: 1983-06-17
Publication date: 1984-01-05
Also published as: DK143783A; EP0112859A1; DK143783D0

Abstract

A data store for reading by capacitive means consists of a number of programmable impedances, each having at least one resistive element which may be selectively destroyed. In a preferred embodiment the resistor is destroyed by capacitive coupling of a pulse of energy. The manufacture of the data store consists in depositing a conductive pattern on a carrying foil (6) with subsequent insulation. In an embodiment using a parallel combination of capacitors and destructible resistances as data elements the data store is advantageously manufactured by depositing a conductive pattern in one operation with subsequent folding in order that overlapping parts of the conductive pattern constitute the data elements.

Description

A Data Store

The invention relates to a data store for use with capacitive reading and containing capacitive coupling electrodes which establish galvanic connection to data elements which are made up as impedances.

Pre-pay ents of goods and services, e.g. a certain amount of telephone use may take place by means of so-called 'debit' cards. These are portable and durable data stores which con¬ tain data of two types. One type is data which serves. o i- dentify the 'debit' card to the electronic reader, the other type is data which represents the value of the card and which must be changed according to the use. That is, these data ele¬ ments must be changed by the electronic reading station. It has been found expedient to use capacitive coupling to the data store which puts certain limits to the amount of energy that may be transferred to change one data element. In con¬ nection with the use of galvanic coupling it is well known to use the fusing of a conductor or the distruction of a di¬ electric; the former occurs using a high current, the latter with a high voltage. These methods have been used in the pro¬ gramming of semiconductor memories.

It is the purpose of the invention to provide a data store which contains data elements which give a definite indication of the condition of tha dataelement using capacitive coupling and which data elements are efficiently re-codeable. This is obtained by a data element according to the .invention which is characterized in that each impedance which constitutes a data element at least consists of a resistive link between the capacitive coupling electrodes.

In claim 2 a data store is indicated which gives a large va¬ riation following re-coding.

OMPI In claim 3 a data store is indicated which is particularly adapted to the capacitive coupling.

In claim 4 there is indicated a data store which allows re- coding on several levels for each data element.

In claim 5 a procedure for re-coding is indicated.

In claim 6 a manner of manufacture of a data store is indi¬ cated.

In claim 7 a similar manner of manufacture of a data store accoridng to claim 4 is indicated.

In claim 8 a further expedient manner of manufacture is in¬ dicated.

In claim 9 a manner of manufacture is indicated which requi¬ res but one application of conductive material.

In claim 10 manner of manufacture of a data store according to the invention is indicated which is partucilarly adapted to the manufacture of a data store having a stiff carrying foil.

The invention is to be further described with reference to the drawings, in which^"

Fig. 1 shows a data store according to the invention, and Fig. 2 shows details in a data store according to the inven¬ tion.

In Fig. 1 is shown a data store which consists of the capaci¬ tive electrodes (9) and (1) which communicate with correspon¬ ding electrodes in the apparatus which is adapted for reading and re-coding (changing) the data elements. The data store has a resistive connection between these electrodes as shown at (3) and in greater detail on Fig. 2. In Fig. 2c it 'is shown that the resistive parts (3), (3'), and (3") are dif¬ ferent and that the two former are adapted for being de¬ stroyed when re-coding. Hence in a first re-coding operation one change may be introduced and in a second re-coding a se¬ cond change so that a data element which belongs to a certain position on the card may have more than two values. This is according to claim 4.

In data stores according to claims 4 and 7 the construction will be as shown on Fig. 1., having (8) as its upper edge, and an insulating covering that prevents corrosion and mecha¬ nical interference is required. In data stores which also have a capacitor in each data element the construction will be according to Fig. 1, having the upper part (above the line (8)) folded either forwards out of the plane of the paper and across the data element pattern, and in this case it is re¬ quired to supply it with an insulating covering before fold¬ ing, according to claim 8. In case the folding is performed backwards, then the insulation is established by the carry¬ ing foil (6) itself, but in that case the whole data store must subsequently be insulated on both sides, e.g. by casting in a resin or by lamination.

The data store may be advantageously manufactured by deposi¬ tion of a resitive material in a uniform thickness. In this case only the parameters length and width remain for control¬ ling the resistance and power capacity of the resistive con¬ nections (3), (3'), and (3"), however this is well known to the person skilled in the art and constitutes a simplifica¬ tion. The choice of the value of the resistor is partly con¬ trolled by the desired manner of changing; if the energy sup¬ plied has the character of a voltage, then the resistance must be small, but in case the energy has the character of a controlled current the resistance must be large, in order that sufficient energy shall be absorbed to obtain destruc¬ tion. In order that sufficient energy shall be absorbed it has been shown to be expedient to let the data elements of the data store be part of resonant circuits as frequency de¬ termining elements in order that over-voltages or over-cur¬ rents occur at resonance.

As carrying foil (6) polyester, polyimides or similar materi¬ als well known in the electronics field have been shown to work well. However, there may be problems in cementing the two layers close to the fold (8) , in that certain of the in¬ sulating foils are stiff. As the two conducting areas marked "GROUND PLANE" are large, their juxtaposition alone will bring about such a coupling between the two layers that the part of the material having the greatest inner stresses follo¬ wing cementing, i.e. the material adjacent to the fold (8) , may be cut entirely away according to claim (10) .

It is obvious that in case the characteristics defined in claim 4 are combined with those of claim 2 many more possi¬ bilities of combination are obtained, in that there will then be a capacity with individual loss angles as a carrier of information in each data element.

G1P

Claims

P A T E N T C L A I M S

1. A data store for use with capacitive reading, having capacitive electrodes (1) and (9) which establish galvanic connection to data elements constituted as impedances, c h a r a c t e r i s t i c i n that each impedance at least consists of a resistive connection (3) between kapaci- tive electrodes (1), (9).

2. A data store according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e ¬ r i s t i c i n that each impedance is constituted as a parallel connection of a resistor (3) and a kapacitor (2,.5)

3. A data store according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e ¬ r i s t i c i n that it consists of a number of first electrodes (2),.each being associated with a capacitive coup¬ ling electrode (1) and a common second electrode (5) which is connected to a particular coupling electrode (9) , and in that a resistive connection (3) is established between first electrodes (2) and said second electrode (5) .

4. A data store according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e ¬ r i s t i c i n that each impedance is constituted as a parallel connection of 2 or more resistances, each having an individual overload capacity.

5. The use of a data store according to claim 1 in con¬ junction with the changing of a data element, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i s t i c i n that energy is capacitively fed into the data store, said energy being sufficient to destroy the resistive part (3) of the data element impedance.

6. A procedure for the manufacture of a data store accor¬ ding to claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i s t i c i n that a conductive pattern is deposited on an insulating carrying foil (6), said pattern constituting coupling electrodes, first electrodes, second electrode, data capacitors, and re¬ sistive connections, whereupon the insulating carrying' foil

G 7 is folded in order that said second electrode overlaps all first electrodes in a generally uniform manner.

7. A procedure for the manufacture of a data store accor¬ ding to claim 4, c h a r a c t^*e r i s t i c i n that a conductive pattern is deposited on an insulating carrying foil (6), said pattern constituting coupling electrodes and resistive connections.

8. A procedure for the manufacture of a data store accor¬ ding to claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i s t i c i n that the conductive pattern is supplied with an insulating covering prior to folding.

9. A procedure according to claim 6 or 7, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i s t i c i n that the conductive pattern consists of a resistive material.

10. A procedure according to claim 6.for the manufacture of a data store according to claim 2,- c h a r a c t e r i s ¬ t i c i n that the material which is deformed at the fold (8) is cut away subsequent to relative fixing of the folded parts.