WO1987002334A1 - Emballage interactif a micro-ondes contenant une couche d'acier inoxydable et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Emballage interactif a micro-ondes contenant une couche d'acier inoxydable et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987002334A1
WO1987002334A1 PCT/US1986/002204 US8602204W WO8702334A1 WO 1987002334 A1 WO1987002334 A1 WO 1987002334A1 US 8602204 W US8602204 W US 8602204W WO 8702334 A1 WO8702334 A1 WO 8702334A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charge
alloy
package
container
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1986/002204
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William E. Archibald
Original Assignee
Beatrice/Hunt-Wesson, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beatrice/Hunt-Wesson, Inc. filed Critical Beatrice/Hunt-Wesson, Inc.
Publication of WO1987002334A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987002334A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/34—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within the package
    • B65D81/3446—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within the package specially adapted to be heated by microwaves
    • B65D81/3461—Flexible containers, e.g. bags, pouches, envelopes
    • B65D81/3469—Pop-corn bags
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
    • A23L7/161—Puffed cereals, e.g. popcorn or puffed rice
    • A23L7/174—Preparation of puffed cereals from wholegrain or grain pieces without preparation of meal or dough
    • A23L7/183—Preparation of puffed cereals from wholegrain or grain pieces without preparation of meal or dough by heating without using a pressure release device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2581/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D2581/34—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within
    • B65D2581/3401—Cooking or heating method specially adapted to the contents of the package
    • B65D2581/3402—Cooking or heating method specially adapted to the contents of the package characterised by the type of product to be heated or cooked
    • B65D2581/3421—Cooking pop-corn
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2581/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D2581/34—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within
    • B65D2581/3437—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within specially adapted to be heated by microwaves
    • B65D2581/3463—Means for applying microwave reactive material to the package
    • B65D2581/3466—Microwave reactive material applied by vacuum, sputter or vapor deposition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2581/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D2581/34—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within
    • B65D2581/3437—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within specially adapted to be heated by microwaves
    • B65D2581/3471—Microwave reactive substances present in the packaging material
    • B65D2581/3477—Iron or compounds thereof
    • B65D2581/3478—Stainless steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2581/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D2581/34—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within
    • B65D2581/3437—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents for packaging foodstuffs or other articles intended to be cooked or heated within specially adapted to be heated by microwaves
    • B65D2581/3486—Dielectric characteristics of microwave reactive packaging
    • B65D2581/3494—Microwave susceptor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to popcorn, and more particularly to food packages contained in packages suitable for use in microwave ovens.
  • Microwave cooking has become increasingly popular with a resulting demand for a greater variety of food products that are suitable for use in microwave ovens. Some foods, such as popcorn, have been more difficult to adapt for this purpose without sacrificing quality.
  • Popcorn is made by converting the natural moisture content of corn kernels to steam, thereby causing the kernels to expand. An adequate amount and intensity of heat must be applied to expand the kernels rapidly, giving the corn a light fluffy texture and consistency, while scorching must be avoided. A delicate balance must be maintained if all or substantially all kernels are to be popped in this manner, achieving a uniform product and a maximum popped volume.
  • the energy output of microwave ovens used in homes is too low for optimum popping conditions. It is also difficult to determine the required cooking time for popcorn and other foods because microwave ovens have been found to vary significantly in energy output, even as between ovens having the same nominal power rating.
  • a food packaging technique that will facilitate the attainment and maintenance of optimum microwave cooking conditions for foods such as popcorn. It is also desirable that a disposable package be provided that enhances shelf stability, is readily and economically manufacturable and protects the food from contamination.
  • the present invention provides a flexible package containing a charge of food such as popcorn kernels, shortening and other ingredients suitable for cooking in a microwave oven. Inside the package is a thin layer of stainless steel alloy contents that is capable of rapidly absorbing microwave energy and converting it into thermal energy.
  • the microwave popcorn package of the present invention more effectively focuses the energy in the desired location and consistently yields a greater popped volume as compared to other microwave popping techniques.
  • the alloy layer is preferably discontinuous and optimally averages about three atoms thickness, making it substantially non-conductive.
  • the alloy can be applied by sputtering or other vacuum deposition techniques employing liquid or vapor phases.
  • the stainless steel alloys of the present invention can include nickel, chrome and iron, being known as austineti ⁇ stainless steel of the 300 series. 303, 304 and 316 stainless has been found to be particularly effective, 304 being preferred.
  • the contents of these alloys "is applied to the inner layer material to a thickness such that the alloy has a surface resistivity of at least 300 ohms, preferably afc least about 1200 ohms, and not more than 1500 ohms. It can be sandwiched between two layers of other material to avoid contract with the food.
  • the alloy When the package of the invention is subjected to microwave energy, the alloy rapidly absorbs this energy and converts it to thermal energy, primarily by magnetic coupling and also through I R losses.
  • the preferred microwave popcorn package of the present invention generally comprises a conventional standup bag having at least a front panel, a back panel and inwardly foldable gusseted side panels. It may advantageously be a standup bag with a bottom panel on which the charge rests and where the alloy is positioned.
  • the bag can be formed of paper and the entire inside of the bag can be coated with an inner layer, such as polyester, that has low moisture permeability as compared to the paper. It is preferable to avoid depositing the alloy on the rough surface of the paper.
  • FIGURE 1 is a bag suitable for containing popcorn and for cooking in a microwave oven; and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional diagrammatic view of the bag of Fig. 1 taken along the line 2-2.
  • the present invention is embodied in a flexible and expandable bag 10 containing a charge of popcorn ingredients 12 and suitable for use in a microwave oven (not shown) .
  • this exemplary bag 10 is of a conventional standup or self-opening configuration, having a flat rectangular bottom panel 14, rectangular front and back panels 16 and 18, and inwardly folded gusseted side panels 20.
  • the bag 10 is folded in the conventional manner, but the bottom panel 14 is shown in Fig. 2 as a single piece to avoid unnecessary complexity in the drawings. It is understood, however, that a variety of other food package constructions are suitable for practicing the invention.
  • the ingredients 12 to be cooked are disposed inside the bag 10 adjacent to on the bottom panel 14 and consist principally of a charge of corn kernels, shortening and salt. Additional seasonings and other ingredients may be added as desired.
  • the preferred shortening is a solid at room temperature so that the product is shelf stable.
  • the bag 10 is constructed from an outer layer of a single sheet 22 of paper, such as bleached kraft paper, that may be treated with a commercially - 5 -
  • the bag 10 also has a non-wicking, heat retaining inner layer 24 that has a low permeability to moisture and grease (compared to the paper layer 22) .
  • the preferred thickness of this inner layer 24 is about 0.4 to 1.0 mils.
  • Suitable inner layer materials include, by way of example, polyesters such as polyethylene teraphthalate, O-L mylar available from DuPont, polymethyl pentene, imid ethers, polysulfonate, polycarbonate and the like.
  • Other types of inner layers may be used provided they are capable of withstanding microwave oven temperatures of about 350 to 450° F without melting or otherwise contaminating or imparting flavor to the ingredients 12.
  • popcorn kernels in the charge 12 are all of approximately equal size, a maximum number of kernels will pop within a narrow time frame.
  • the kernels should be quickly brought up to this temperature, preferably between 350 and 370° F and maintained there for approximately 1.0 to 5.0 minutes. Cooking the kernels within this time and temperature range will pop the highest proportion of kernels and thereby achieve what is known as the maximum popped volume. Cooking at lower temperatures results in fewer popped kernels and a lower popped volume, and cooking at higher temperatures generally results in scorched or burned popcorn. - 6 -
  • stainless steel alloy contents are included in the popcorn bag 10 and adapted to receive microwave energy and convert it into thermal energy.
  • Austinetic stainless steels of the 300 variety are to be used. It has been found that a stainless steel alloy of the 304 series composed of about 8% nickel, 18% chrome and 74% steel exhibits the desired characteristics. 303 and 316 series stainless steel are also suitable.
  • the alloy can be deposited on a smooth surface.
  • the alloy should be as close to the charge 12 as posible, preferably separated by only a single polyester layer of no • more than 1.0 mils in thickness.
  • the alloy layer 26 is positioned on the bottom panel 14 of the bag 10, and covers a rectangular area approximately corresponding to the size and shape of the charge 12. It is understood, however, that the alloy may be placed in another location or at several locations in the package, particularly if the package is not provided with a bottom panel.
  • Sputtering is • the preferred technique for depositing the alloy, but other known methods, such as vacuum deposition techniques employing liquid or vapor phases, may be used to deposit the alloy on the inner layer to the desired thickness.
  • the alloy is sputtered onto the bottom panel 14 to form a thin layer 26 averaging approximately three atoms or about 300 to 400 angstroms thickness.
  • the alloy weighs about 0.00014 grams per square meter.
  • the layer 26 is discontinuous, being applied in a pattern characteristic of sputtering.
  • the discontinuity and thickness of the alloy is a factor in obtaining the desired surface resistivity. If the alloy is too thick, or if it is not sufficiently discontinuous, it may become too hot and may promote arcing. Thus, accurate thickness and discontinuity measurements of the alloy layer 26 should be taken and measurements conducted by using optical density and resistance methods have been found to be accurate and reliable for this purpose.
  • the surface resistivity of the alloy layer 26 should be at least 300 ohms, preferably about 1200 ohms, and not more than 1500 ohms (as measured in ohms per square by an ohmmeter, using American Standard Testing Methods) .
  • Lower alloy surface resistivities have been found to cause the alloy and its substrate to become too hot and may therefore present a possible fire danger.
  • the ability of the alloy to produce the desired cooking temperatures quickly at a high resistivity is thus a significant advantage.
  • the sputtered alloy contents reconstitute the crystalline form of the alloy on the bag 10, at least in the areas of greater thickness. In areas of lesser thickness, the characteristic crystalline structure of the alloy may not exist. Moreover, the crystalline structure is particularly likely to be lost if the alloy is vaporized before it is deposited on the bag 10.
  • the bag 10 When the bag 10 is ready for use by the consumer, it is placed in a microwave oven with the bottom panel 14 resting on the floor of the oven.
  • the oven is operated in the conventional manner, typically at full or high power, and microwave energy is directed toward the package 10.
  • the alloy rapidly absorbs the microwave energy and is believed to convert it into thermal energy or heat through two phenemona known as magnetic coupling and resistance heating.
  • magnetic coupling as microwaves impinge on the alloy, they cause molecular vibration within the alloy which creates molecular friction and thus heat.
  • the microwaves also induce electrical currents within small areas covered by the alloy and not interrupted by discontinuities, thus causing local resistance heating in the form of I 2 R losses.
  • I 2 R losses In addition to magnetic coupling and I 2 R losses, heating takes place because the microwave energy impinges directly on the ingredients 12. This manner of cooking by dielectric heating takes place despite the presence of the alloy.

Abstract

L'emballage flexible (10) ci-décrit permet de contenir une charge de graines de maïs (12) pour les cuire dans un four à micro-ondes et faire des pop-corns. Le chauffage par micro-ondes d'aliments contenus dans des emballages pose le problème de faciliter et maintenir des conditions optimales de cuisson par micro-ondes d'aliments tels que les pop-corns. L'emballage de pop-corns à cuire par micro-ondes décrit dans la présente invention permet de focaliser plus efficacement l'énergie dans la région désirée et d'obtenir un volume d'éclatement sensiblement plus grand par rapport à d'autres techniques d'éclatement par micro-ondes. A l'intérieur de l'emballage se trouve une couche de préférence discontinue (26) d'un alliage d'acier inoxydable ayant une épaisseur moyenne d'environ trois atomes. L'alliage est capable d'absorber une énergie à micro-ondes et de la convertir en énergie thermique par un couplage magnétique en plus des pertes I2R.
PCT/US1986/002204 1985-10-17 1986-10-17 Emballage interactif a micro-ondes contenant une couche d'acier inoxydable et son procede de fabrication WO1987002334A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78842285A 1985-10-17 1985-10-17
US788,422 1985-10-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1987002334A1 true WO1987002334A1 (fr) 1987-04-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1986/002204 WO1987002334A1 (fr) 1985-10-17 1986-10-17 Emballage interactif a micro-ondes contenant une couche d'acier inoxydable et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0241550A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1304046C (fr)
WO (1) WO1987002334A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0256791A2 (fr) * 1986-08-18 1988-02-24 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Emballage pour mais à griller et à éclater au four à micro-ondes, méthode de production de l'emballage et appareil pour sceller celui-ci
EP0303358A1 (fr) * 1987-07-30 1989-02-15 James River Corporation Pochette pour rendre croustillant et pour brunir des aliments dans un four à micro-ondes, emballage et procédé utilisant cette pochette
GB2211380A (en) * 1987-10-21 1989-06-28 Int Paper Co Flexible package for microwave cooking
US4904487A (en) * 1988-03-29 1990-02-27 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Uniformly-colored, cheese flavored, microwaveable popcorn
US4904488A (en) * 1988-03-29 1990-02-27 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Uniformly-colored, flavored, microwaveable popcorn
EP0365247A2 (fr) * 1988-10-17 1990-04-25 Beckett Industries Inc. Récipient et son papier et méthode pour le chauffage par micro-ondes
EP0371739A2 (fr) * 1988-11-28 1990-06-06 Beckett Industries Inc. Article de chauffage et son procédé de chauffage
US5294763A (en) * 1989-04-07 1994-03-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Microwave heatable composites
US5614259A (en) * 1994-10-14 1997-03-25 Deposition Technologies, Inc. Microwave interactive susceptors and methods of producing the same

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US3835280A (en) * 1973-02-01 1974-09-10 Pillsbury Co Composite microwave energy perturbating device
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US4553010A (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-11-12 James River-Norwalk, Inc. Packaging container for microwave popcorn popping and method for using

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0256791A2 (fr) * 1986-08-18 1988-02-24 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Emballage pour mais à griller et à éclater au four à micro-ondes, méthode de production de l'emballage et appareil pour sceller celui-ci
EP0256791A3 (fr) * 1986-08-18 1989-11-29 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Emballage pour mais à griller et à éclater au four à micro-ondes, méthode de production de l'emballage et appareil pour sceller celui-ci
EP0303358A1 (fr) * 1987-07-30 1989-02-15 James River Corporation Pochette pour rendre croustillant et pour brunir des aliments dans un four à micro-ondes, emballage et procédé utilisant cette pochette
GB2211380A (en) * 1987-10-21 1989-06-28 Int Paper Co Flexible package for microwave cooking
US4904487A (en) * 1988-03-29 1990-02-27 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Uniformly-colored, cheese flavored, microwaveable popcorn
US4904488A (en) * 1988-03-29 1990-02-27 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Uniformly-colored, flavored, microwaveable popcorn
EP0365247A2 (fr) * 1988-10-17 1990-04-25 Beckett Industries Inc. Récipient et son papier et méthode pour le chauffage par micro-ondes
EP0365247A3 (fr) * 1988-10-17 1991-05-22 Beckett Industries Inc. Récipient et son papier et méthode pour le chauffage par micro-ondes
EP0371739A2 (fr) * 1988-11-28 1990-06-06 Beckett Industries Inc. Article de chauffage et son procédé de chauffage
EP0371739A3 (fr) * 1988-11-28 1991-12-27 Beckett Industries Inc. Article de chauffage et son procédé de chauffage
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US5614259A (en) * 1994-10-14 1997-03-25 Deposition Technologies, Inc. Microwave interactive susceptors and methods of producing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0241550A1 (fr) 1987-10-21
CA1304046C (fr) 1992-06-23

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