WO1988005284A1 - Apparatus for determining an antisolar protection index - Google Patents

Apparatus for determining an antisolar protection index Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988005284A1
WO1988005284A1 PCT/CH1988/000010 CH8800010W WO8805284A1 WO 1988005284 A1 WO1988005284 A1 WO 1988005284A1 CH 8800010 W CH8800010 W CH 8800010W WO 8805284 A1 WO8805284 A1 WO 8805284A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
skin
sensitivity
measuring
sun
exposure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1988/000010
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Baude
Original Assignee
Newer S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Newer S.A. filed Critical Newer S.A.
Publication of WO1988005284A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988005284A1/en
Priority to KR1019880701096A priority Critical patent/KR890700330A/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
    • A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is an apparatus for determining the protection index of an anti-sun product as a function of the sensitivity of the skin of the skin.
  • Tanned skin is generally considered a sign of good health, although prolonged exposure of the skin to the sun's ultraviolet radiation is dangerous. However, everyone is aware of the risk of burns they run and the need to use protective means.
  • the protection index corresponds to the ratio of the exposure times, with and without the use of the protection product, so that exposure to the “sun deploys identical effects.
  • the number 2 indicates that, by using the product, one can double the duration of exposure, while the number 3 means that one can triple this duration for identical effects.
  • a device which takes these three parameters into account. Data corresponding to the skin type and the degree of protection of the sunscreen chosen previously are introduced into this device. By means of these two parameters the device determines the maximum duration of exposure to the sun and emits an audible signal at the end of this duration. To use this device it is therefore necessary to know your skin type, which is generally not the case.
  • the sunscreen product having been arbitrarily chosen beforehand, this choice will determine the duration of exposure to the sun, a duration which may prove to be too short in the case, for example, of a professional obligation to stay in the sun.
  • the sensitivity of the skin can also vary over time in the same individual.
  • the present invention aims to provide the user with an apparatus enabling him to determine the protection index of the sunscreen product which he must use in order to be able to remain exposed to the sun without danger for a desired time, without she needs to know her skin type beforehand.
  • the apparatus is characterized in that it comprises a current source, means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin, means for introducing the time of exposure to the sun, means for measuring the intensity of UV radiation, means for memorizing these parameters, a calculation electronic reader determining the protection index of the sunscreen product to be used as a function of the skin's sensitivity, the time of exposure to the sun and the intensity of UV radiation, display means making it possible to display at minus the exposure time and the protection index, and the means of selecting the functions.
  • the user can successively measure the sensitivity of his skin, enter the duration of exposure to the sun and measure the intensity of UV radiation.
  • the electronic computer previously programmed, calculates the protection index of the product to be used. If the sensitivity of the skin is also displayed, the device can be used in dermatology for the examination of the skin and in particular the examination of skin conditions.
  • the means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin are produced by means of a light source and a photovoltaic cell measuring exclusively the light reflected by the skin. It has indeed been found that the ability of the skin to reflect light is directly related to its sensitivity, which makes it possible to measure this sensitivity relatively relatively simply.
  • Figure 1 is an exterior view of the apparatus.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of the apparatus.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic explanatory view of the means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin.
  • Figure 4 shows the electrical diagram of the device.
  • the device shown in Figure 1 is in the form of a flat rectangular housing 1 having at one of its ends, lower, an orifice 2, surrounded by a slightly protruding bezel 3, intended to be applied to the skin for the measurement of the sensitivity thereof, and at its opposite upper end, a window 4 for the measurement of UV radiation.
  • the housing On its large face, the housing has a function switch 5 constituted here by a slider which can occupy four positions O, A. B, C, position 0 corresponding to the triggered position of the device, position A to measure skin sensitivity, position B when entering the exposure time and position C when measuring UV radiation and displaying the protection index.
  • the device comprises an LCD (liquid crystal) display 6.
  • the device On the side, the device has a push button 7 intended to close a contact having two functions, the first to supply a light-emitting diode of the means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin, when the switch 5 is in position A, as will be described later, and the second to introduce the exposure time when the switch 5 is in the position B.
  • the box 1 houses optoelectronic means, the block diagram of which is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the heart of the device consists of a microprocessor 8 with which are associated on the one hand interfaces 9 and 10 by which the measured information is introduced and on the other hand an interface 11 for controlling the LCD display 6.
  • the function switch 5 is symbolized by the four contacts 0, A, B and C mentioned above.
  • the interface 9 is connected to a first photovoltaic cell 12 placed behind a UV filter 13 specially cut so as to allow the passage of UV rays with a wavelength of 311 nm.
  • the interface 10 is connected to a second photovoltaic cell 14 intended to receive the light reflected by the skin 15 from a light source 16 consisting of a luminescent diode supplied directly by the battery of the device which is in this case a standard 9 V battery.
  • a light source 16 consisting of a luminescent diode supplied directly by the battery of the device which is in this case a standard 9 V battery.
  • the optical means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin are shown in more detail in FIG. 3.
  • the light-emitting diode 16 and the photovoltaic cell 14 are mounted in an opaque envelope 17, the lower part of which has an opening closed by a flat glass 18 in glass or sapphire surrounded by the bezel 3 mentioned above, which projects approximately 0.1 mm under the crystal.
  • the cell 14 and the diode 16 are mounted in cavities of an opaque body 19 so as to be totally optically isolated from each other.
  • the photovoltaic cell 14 is furthermore arranged at the bottom of a rectilinear hole 20 the wall of which is not only black so as to minimize the reflection of light, but also provided with a thread 21 so as to further reduce the risks of propagation of light towards the cell by reflection on the wall. Thus, only the light arriving directly on the cell 14 is measured by this cell.
  • the skin 15 has a complex and heterogeneous structure which modifies the path of the radiation by the conjunction of four elementary processes, which are the reflection due to the change in refractive index passing from one medium to another, the diffraction of each. layers, which is considerable for the horny layer 22 and the melanin layer 23, the transmission through the epidermal layers and the absorption. Reflections take place at the base of the horny layer 22 in the mucous body and in the melanic layer 23.
  • the radiation which interests us in the example considered is the radiation reflected by the melanic layer 23. This reflection is in direct relation with the skin's sensitivity to UV rays.
  • the position of the photovoltaic cell 14 and the orientation of the hole 20 are such that almost only the light reflected by the melanin layer 23 is captured by the cell 14.
  • the thickness of the epidermis that is to say the depth of the melanin layer 23 varies from one individual to another.
  • the determining depth for the measurement is an average which made it possible to achieve a standard.
  • the light-emitting diode emits green light with a wavelength of 560 nm.
  • the bezel 3 allows the enclosure 17 to be applied to the skin without letting in parasitic external light and the flat glass 18 makes it possible to flatten the surface of the skin so as to avoid differences in reflection originating from undulations of the skin , that is to say so as to ensure the repeatability of the measured.
  • the enclosure 17 and the body 19 are preferably made of synthetic material.
  • the bezel 3 can be made of metal or synthetic material.
  • the electrical diagram of the apparatus is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the circuit essentially comprises a microprocessor 8 with which is associated a clock circuit 24 comprising a quartz of 4 MHz.
  • the switching of the functions is not done here by means of a slide switch, as shown in FIG. 1, but electronically, by the microprocessor. by pressing a push button P1.
  • the function is displayed by the 2-digit LCD display 6 in the form of letters A, B, C or F1, F2, F3, for example.
  • the light-emitting diode 16 is energized by a switch constituted by a transistor T1 controlled by the microprocessor 8 when the function A is selected and a second push button P2 is pressed.
  • the extremely weak current delivered by the photovoltaic cell 14 is amplified by an operational amplifier A1 and this analog signal is transformed into digital signal by an analog-digital converter ADC to be applied to the microprocessor 8.
  • the current delivered by the photovoltaic cell 12 measuring the UV radiation is also amplified using an A2 amplifier and the analog signal obtained is also converted into a digital signal by the ADC converter.
  • the control of the LCD display is carried out in known manner by means of two interfaces 11a and 11b made up of conventional integrated circuits.
  • a battery 25 delivers a voltage of + 9 V unregulated and a voltage of + 5 V regulated by means of a regulator-converter 26 consisting of an integrated circuit LM 76.
  • the circuit further comprises resistors R1 to R14 and capacitors C1 to C6.
  • the second P2 push button corresponds to the push button 7 in FIGS. 1 and 2. It therefore serves to measure the skin and to introduce the exposure time in steps of 0.1 h switched by the microprocessor 8.
  • the device is used as follows: after selecting function A, apply window 2 against the skin and press push-button 7 (P1) to measure the sensitivity of the skin and save this measurement. Function B is then selected and using the push button 7 (PI), the chosen exposure time is entered. This time introduced in 0.1 hour steps from 0 to 9.9 hours. The time entered is displayed on the two-digit display 6. Then simply select function C by directing window 4 towards the sun so that the protection index of the product to be used appears on display 6.
  • the device is of course capable of numerous variants, both in its form and presentation as in the switching and display means.
  • the slide switch 5 could for example be replaced by a key switch or a rotary switch.
  • the display 6, it could for example consist of a row of light-emitting diodes.
  • the single push button 7 it would be possible to provide one push button per function.
  • the display of the functions could be done by means of light-emitting diodes placed in front of an inscription clearly designating the selected function.
  • the device can be produced with any light source, for example infrared or laser. We could also be content to measure the light reflected by the surface of the skin.

Abstract

The apparatus comprises a current source, means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin comprising a photovoltaic cell (14) measuring the light of a light source (16) reflected by the skin when the apparatus is applied against the skin, means (7) for introducing the sun exposure time means (12) for measuring the UV radiation intensity, means (8) for storing said parameters, an electronic computer (8) determining the protection index of the antisolar product to be used as a function of the skin sensitivity, the sun exposure time and the UV radiation intensity, display means (6) for displaying at least the exposure time and the protection index, and function selection means (5).

Description

Appareil pour la détermination d'un indice de protection anti-solaire. Device for determining a sun protection index.
La présente invention a pour ob^et un appareil pour la détermination de l'indice de protection d'un produit anti-solaire en fonction de la sensibilité de la peau du su^et.The object of the present invention is an apparatus for determining the protection index of an anti-sun product as a function of the sensitivity of the skin of the skin.
Une peau bronzée est considérée généralement comme un signe de bonne santé, bien que l'exposition prolongée de la peau au rayonnement ultraviolet du soleil soit dangereuse. Chacun est cependant conscient des risques de brûlure qu'il encourt et de la nécessité d'utiliser des moyens de protection.Tanned skin is generally considered a sign of good health, although prolonged exposure of the skin to the sun's ultraviolet radiation is dangerous. However, everyone is aware of the risk of burns they run and the need to use protective means.
On trouve par conséquent sur le marché de nombreux produits de protection anti-solaire présentant divers indices de protection généralement indiqués sur l'emballage du produit. L'indice de protection, normalisé par les fabricants, correspond au rapport des durées d'exposition, avec et sans l'emploi du produit de protection, pour que l'exposition au «oleil déploie des effet effets identiques. Ainsi, le chiffre 2 indique que, en employant le produit, on peut doubler la durée d'exposition, alors que le chiffre 3 signifie qu'on peut tripler cette durée pour des effets identiques.Consequently, there are many sun protection products on the market with various protection indices generally indicated on the product packaging. The protection index, standardized by the manufacturers, corresponds to the ratio of the exposure times, with and without the use of the protection product, so that exposure to the “sun deploys identical effects. Thus, the number 2 indicates that, by using the product, one can double the duration of exposure, while the number 3 means that one can triple this duration for identical effects.
Tous les sujets ne présentent cependant pas la même sensibilité de peau envers le rayonnement ultraviolet. Pour choisir le produit de protection adéquat convenant à sa peau, il convient donc de connaître la sensibilité de sa peau. On distingue généralement quatre types de peau, soit une peau extrêmement sensible, très sensible, sensible et peu sensible. Pour éviter le danger d'une surexposition au soleil, il convient donc de tenir compte de trois paramètre, soit la sensibilité de la peau, l'indice de protection du produit anti-solaire utilisé et la durée d'exposition au soleil.However, not all subjects have the same skin sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation. To choose the appropriate protective product suitable for your skin, it is therefore necessary to know the sensitivity of your skin. There are generally four types of skin: extremely sensitive, very sensitive, sensitive and not very sensitive skin. To avoid the danger overexposure to the sun, three parameters should therefore be taken into account, namely the skin's sensitivity, the protection index of the sunscreen product used and the duration of exposure to the sun.
On connaît un appareil tenant compte de ces trois paramètre. On introduit dans cet appareil des données correspondant au type de peau et au degré de protection de la crème solaire choisie préalablement. Au moyen de ces deux paramètres l'appareil détermine la durée maximale d'exposition au soleil et émet un signal sonore au bout de cette durée. Pour l'utilisation de cet appareil il est donc nécessaire de connaître son type de peau, ce qui n'est généralement pas le cas. Le produit solaire ayant été préalablement choisi de façon arbitraire, ce choix déterminera la durée d'exposition au soleil, durée qui peut s'avérer trop courte dans le cas, par exemple, d'une obligation professionnelle de rester au soleil. La sensibilité de la peau peut en outre varier avec le temps chez un même individu.A device is known which takes these three parameters into account. Data corresponding to the skin type and the degree of protection of the sunscreen chosen previously are introduced into this device. By means of these two parameters the device determines the maximum duration of exposure to the sun and emits an audible signal at the end of this duration. To use this device it is therefore necessary to know your skin type, which is generally not the case. The sunscreen product having been arbitrarily chosen beforehand, this choice will determine the duration of exposure to the sun, a duration which may prove to be too short in the case, for example, of a professional obligation to stay in the sun. The sensitivity of the skin can also vary over time in the same individual.
La présente invention a pour but de mettre à la disposition de l'utilisateur un appareil lui permettant de déterminer l'indice de protection du produit antisolaire qu'il doit utiliser pour pouvoir rester exposé au soleil sans danger pendant un temps désiré, sans qu'il lui soit nécessaire de connaître préalablement son type de peau.The present invention aims to provide the user with an apparatus enabling him to determine the protection index of the sunscreen product which he must use in order to be able to remain exposed to the sun without danger for a desired time, without she needs to know her skin type beforehand.
A cet effet l'appareil selon l'invention est caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend une source de courant, des moyens de mesure de la sensibilité de la peau, des moyens d'introduction du temps d'exposition au soleil, des moyens de mesure de l'intensité du rayonnement UV, des moyens de mémorisation de ces paramètre, un calcu lateur électronique déterminant l'indice de protection du produit anti-solaire à utiliser en fonction de la sensibilité de la peau, du temps d'exposition au soleil et de l'intensité du rayonnement UV, des moyens d'affichage permettant d'afficher au moins le temps d'exposition et l'indice de protection, et des moyens de sélection des fonctions.To this end, the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a current source, means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin, means for introducing the time of exposure to the sun, means for measuring the intensity of UV radiation, means for memorizing these parameters, a calculation electronic reader determining the protection index of the sunscreen product to be used as a function of the skin's sensitivity, the time of exposure to the sun and the intensity of UV radiation, display means making it possible to display at minus the exposure time and the protection index, and the means of selecting the functions.
A l'aide des moyens de sélection des fonctions, par exemple un commutateur, l'utilisateur peut successivement mesurer la sensibilité de sa peau, introduire la durée d'exposition au soleil et mesurer l'intensité du rayonnement UV. Au moyen de ces paramètres, le calculateur électronique, préalablement programmé, calcule l'indice de protection du produit à utiliser. Dans le cas où la sensibilité de la peau est également affichée, l'appareil peut être utilisé en dermatologie pour l'examen de la peau et en particulier l'examen d'affections cutanées.Using the means for selecting the functions, for example a switch, the user can successively measure the sensitivity of his skin, enter the duration of exposure to the sun and measure the intensity of UV radiation. Using these parameters, the electronic computer, previously programmed, calculates the protection index of the product to be used. If the sensitivity of the skin is also displayed, the device can be used in dermatology for the examination of the skin and in particular the examination of skin conditions.
Selon une forme d'exécution préférée de l'invention les moyens de mesure de la sensibilité de la peau sont réalisés au moyen d'une source lumineuse et d'une cellule photovoltaique mesurant exclusivement la lumière réfléchie par la peau. On a effectivement constaté que la capacité de la peau de réfléchir la lumière est en rapport direct avec sa sensibilité, ce qui permet de mesurer cette sensibilité de façon relativement très simpleAccording to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin are produced by means of a light source and a photovoltaic cell measuring exclusively the light reflected by the skin. It has indeed been found that the ability of the skin to reflect light is directly related to its sensitivity, which makes it possible to measure this sensitivity relatively relatively simply.
Le dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution de l'invention.The accompanying drawing shows, by way of example, an embodiment of the invention.
La figure 1 est une vue extérieure de l'appareil.Figure 1 is an exterior view of the apparatus.
La figure 2 est un schéma synoptique de l'appareil. La figure 3 est une vue schématique explicative des moyens de mesure de la sensibilité de la peau.Figure 2 is a block diagram of the apparatus. Figure 3 is a schematic explanatory view of the means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin.
La figure 4 représente le schéma électrique de l'appareil.Figure 4 shows the electrical diagram of the device.
L'appareil représenté à la figure 1 se présente sous la forme d'un boîtier rectangulaire plat 1 présentant à l'une de ses extémités, inférieure, un orifice 2, entouré d'une lunette 3 légèrement saillante, destiné à être appliqué sur la peau pour la mesure de la sensibilité de celle-ci, et à son extrémité opposée, supérieure, une fenêtre 4 pour la mesure du rayonnement UV.The device shown in Figure 1 is in the form of a flat rectangular housing 1 having at one of its ends, lower, an orifice 2, surrounded by a slightly protruding bezel 3, intended to be applied to the skin for the measurement of the sensitivity thereof, and at its opposite upper end, a window 4 for the measurement of UV radiation.
Sur sa grande face, le boîtier présente un commutateur de fonctions 5 constitué ici par un curseur pouvant occuper quatre positions O, A. B, C, la position 0 correspondant à la position déclenchée de l'appareil, la position A à la mesure de la sensibilité de la peau, la position B à l'introduction du temps d'exposition et la position C à la mesure du rayonnement UV et à l'affichage de l'indice de protection. Sur la même face, l'appareil comprend un affichage LCD (cristaux liquides) 6. Sur le côté, l'appareil présente un bouton- poussoir 7 destiné à fermer un contact ayant deux fonctions, la première d'alimenter une diode luminescente des moyens de mesure de la sensibilité de la peau, lorsque le commutateur 5 est dans la position A, comme ceci sera décrit plus loin, et la seconde d'introduire le temps d'exposition lorsque le commutateur 5 est dans la position B. Lorsque le commutateur 5 est dans la position C, le bouton-poussoir 7 pourrait être également également utilisé pour afficher l'indice de protection, si l'on ne désire pas que cet affichage soit permanent. Le boîtier 1 abrite des moyens optoélectroniques dont le schéma synoptique est représenté à la figure 2. Le coeur de l'appareil est constitué par un microprocesseur 8 auquel sont associés d'une part des interfaces 9 et 10 par lesquelles sont introduites les informations mesurées et d'autre part une interface 11 pour la commande de l'affichage LCD 6. Le commutateur de fonctions 5 est symbolisé par les quatre contacts 0, A, B et C mentionnés plus haut.On its large face, the housing has a function switch 5 constituted here by a slider which can occupy four positions O, A. B, C, position 0 corresponding to the triggered position of the device, position A to measure skin sensitivity, position B when entering the exposure time and position C when measuring UV radiation and displaying the protection index. On the same side, the device comprises an LCD (liquid crystal) display 6. On the side, the device has a push button 7 intended to close a contact having two functions, the first to supply a light-emitting diode of the means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin, when the switch 5 is in position A, as will be described later, and the second to introduce the exposure time when the switch 5 is in the position B. When the switch 5 is in position C, the push button 7 could also be used to display the protection index, if one does not wish this display to be permanent. The box 1 houses optoelectronic means, the block diagram of which is shown in FIG. 2. The heart of the device consists of a microprocessor 8 with which are associated on the one hand interfaces 9 and 10 by which the measured information is introduced and on the other hand an interface 11 for controlling the LCD display 6. The function switch 5 is symbolized by the four contacts 0, A, B and C mentioned above.
L'interface 9 est reliée à une première cellule photovoltaÏque 12 placée derrière un filtre UV 13 spécialement taillé de manière à laisser passer les rayons UV d'une longueur d'onde de 311 nm.The interface 9 is connected to a first photovoltaic cell 12 placed behind a UV filter 13 specially cut so as to allow the passage of UV rays with a wavelength of 311 nm.
L'interface 10 est reliée à une seconde cellule photovoltaique 14 destinée à recevoir la lumière réfléchie par la peau 15 d'une source lumineuse 16 constituée d'une diode luminescente alimentée directement par la pile de l'appareil qui est en l'occurrence une pile standard de 9 V.The interface 10 is connected to a second photovoltaic cell 14 intended to receive the light reflected by the skin 15 from a light source 16 consisting of a luminescent diode supplied directly by the battery of the device which is in this case a standard 9 V battery.
Les moyens optiques de mesure de la sensibilité de la peau sont représentés plus en détail à la figure 3. La diode luminescente 16 et la cellule photvoltaÏque 14 sont montées dans une enveloppe opaque 17 dont la partie inférieure présente une ouverture fermée par une glace plane 18 en verre ou en saphir entourée par la lunette 3 mentionnée plus haut, qui fait saillie d'environ 0,1 mm sous la glace. La cellule 14 et la diode 16 sont montées dans des cavités d un corps opaque 19 de manière à être totalement isolées optiquement l'une de l'autre. La cellule photovoltaique 14 est en outre disposée au fond d'un trou rectiligne 20 dont la paroi est non seulement noire de façon à réduire au minimum la réflexion de la lumière, mais en outre munie d'un taraudage 21 de manière à réduire encore les risques de propagation de lumière vers la cellule par réflexion sur la paroi. Ainsi, seule la lumière arrivant directement sur la cellule 14 est mesurée par cette cellule.The optical means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin are shown in more detail in FIG. 3. The light-emitting diode 16 and the photovoltaic cell 14 are mounted in an opaque envelope 17, the lower part of which has an opening closed by a flat glass 18 in glass or sapphire surrounded by the bezel 3 mentioned above, which projects approximately 0.1 mm under the crystal. The cell 14 and the diode 16 are mounted in cavities of an opaque body 19 so as to be totally optically isolated from each other. The photovoltaic cell 14 is furthermore arranged at the bottom of a rectilinear hole 20 the wall of which is not only black so as to minimize the reflection of light, but also provided with a thread 21 so as to further reduce the risks of propagation of light towards the cell by reflection on the wall. Thus, only the light arriving directly on the cell 14 is measured by this cell.
La peau 15 présente une structure complexe et hétérogène qui modifie le trajet du rayonnement par la conjonction de quatre processus élémentaires, qui sont la réflexion due au changement d'indice de réfraction en passant d'un milieu à l'autre, la diffraction de chacune des couches, qui est considérable pour la couche cornée 22 et la couche melanique 23, la transmission à travers les couches épidermiques et l'absorbtion. Des réflexion, ont lieu à la base de la couche cornée 22 dans le corps muqueux et dans la couche melanique 23. Le rayonnement qui nous intéresse dans l'exemple considéré est le rayonnement réfléchi par la couche melanique 23. Cette réflexion est en rapport direct avec la sensibilité de la peau aux rayons UV. La position de la cellule photovoltaique 14 et l'orientation du trou 20 sont telles que presque seule la lumière réfléchie par la couche melanique 23 est captée par la cellule 14. L'épaisseur de l'épiderme, c'est-à-dire la profondeur de la couche melanique 23 varie d'un individu à l'autre. La profondeur déterminante pour la mesure est une moyenne qui a permis de réaliser une norme. Selon une forme d'exécution préférée de l'invention, la diode luminescente émet une lumière verte d'une longueur d'onde de 560 nm. La lunette 3 permet d'appliquer l'enceinte 17 sur la peau sans laisser entrer la lumière extérieure parasite et la glace plane 18 permet d'aplanir la surface de la peau de manière à éviter des différences de réflexion provenant d'ondulations de la peau, c'est-à-dire de manière à assurer la répétitivité de la mesure. L'enceinte 17 et le corps 19 sont de préférence réalisés en matière synthétique. La lunette 3 peut être en métal ou en matière synthétique.The skin 15 has a complex and heterogeneous structure which modifies the path of the radiation by the conjunction of four elementary processes, which are the reflection due to the change in refractive index passing from one medium to another, the diffraction of each. layers, which is considerable for the horny layer 22 and the melanin layer 23, the transmission through the epidermal layers and the absorption. Reflections take place at the base of the horny layer 22 in the mucous body and in the melanic layer 23. The radiation which interests us in the example considered is the radiation reflected by the melanic layer 23. This reflection is in direct relation with the skin's sensitivity to UV rays. The position of the photovoltaic cell 14 and the orientation of the hole 20 are such that almost only the light reflected by the melanin layer 23 is captured by the cell 14. The thickness of the epidermis, that is to say the depth of the melanin layer 23 varies from one individual to another. The determining depth for the measurement is an average which made it possible to achieve a standard. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the light-emitting diode emits green light with a wavelength of 560 nm. The bezel 3 allows the enclosure 17 to be applied to the skin without letting in parasitic external light and the flat glass 18 makes it possible to flatten the surface of the skin so as to avoid differences in reflection originating from undulations of the skin , that is to say so as to ensure the repeatability of the measured. The enclosure 17 and the body 19 are preferably made of synthetic material. The bezel 3 can be made of metal or synthetic material.
Le schéma électrique de l'appareil est représenté à la figure 4. Le circuit comprend essentiellement un microprocesseur 8 auquel est associé un circuit d'horloge 24 comprenant un quartz de 4 MHz. La commutation des fonctions ne se fait pas ici au moyen d'un commutateur à curseur, comme représenté à la figure 1, mais électroniquement, par le microprocesseur. en appuyant sur un bouton-poussoir P1. La fonction est affichée par l'affichage LCD 6 à 2 chiffres sous forme de lettres A, B, C ou F1 , F2 , F3 , par exemple. La diode luminescente 16 est mise sous tension par un commutateur constitué par un transistor T1 commandé par le microprocesseur 8 lorsque la fonction A est sélectionnée et qu'un second bouton-poussoir P2 est pressé. Le courant extrément faible délivré par la cellule photovoltaïque 14 est amplifié par un amplificateur opérationnel A1 et ce signal analogique est transformé en signal numérique par un convertisseur analogique-numérique ADC pour être appliqué au microprocesseur 8. Le courant délivré par la cellule photovoltaïque 12 mesurant le rayonnement UV est églament amplifié au moyen d'un amplificateur A2 et le signal analogique obtenu est également converti en signal numérique par le convertisseur ADC. La commande de l'affichage LCD est effectuée de manière connue au moyen de deux interfaces 11a et 11b constituées de circuits intégrés conventionnels. Une batterie 25 délivre une tension de + 9 V non régulée et une tension de + 5 V régulée au moyen d'un régula teur- convertis seur 26 constitué d'un circuit intégré LM 76. Le circuit comprend en outre des résistances R1 à R14 et des condensateurs C1 à C6. Le second bouton-poussoir P2 correspond au bouton-poussoir 7 des figures 1 et 2. Il sert donc à effectuer la mesure de la peau et à introduire le temps d'exposition par pas de 0,1 h commutés par le microprocesseur 8.The electrical diagram of the apparatus is shown in FIG. 4. The circuit essentially comprises a microprocessor 8 with which is associated a clock circuit 24 comprising a quartz of 4 MHz. The switching of the functions is not done here by means of a slide switch, as shown in FIG. 1, but electronically, by the microprocessor. by pressing a push button P1. The function is displayed by the 2-digit LCD display 6 in the form of letters A, B, C or F1, F2, F3, for example. The light-emitting diode 16 is energized by a switch constituted by a transistor T1 controlled by the microprocessor 8 when the function A is selected and a second push button P2 is pressed. The extremely weak current delivered by the photovoltaic cell 14 is amplified by an operational amplifier A1 and this analog signal is transformed into digital signal by an analog-digital converter ADC to be applied to the microprocessor 8. The current delivered by the photovoltaic cell 12 measuring the UV radiation is also amplified using an A2 amplifier and the analog signal obtained is also converted into a digital signal by the ADC converter. The control of the LCD display is carried out in known manner by means of two interfaces 11a and 11b made up of conventional integrated circuits. A battery 25 delivers a voltage of + 9 V unregulated and a voltage of + 5 V regulated by means of a regulator-converter 26 consisting of an integrated circuit LM 76. The circuit further comprises resistors R1 to R14 and capacitors C1 to C6. The second P2 push button corresponds to the push button 7 in FIGS. 1 and 2. It therefore serves to measure the skin and to introduce the exposure time in steps of 0.1 h switched by the microprocessor 8.
L'appareil s'utilise de la manière suivante : après avoir sélectionné la fonction A, on applique la fenêtre 2 contre la peau et l'on presse sur le bouton-poussoir 7 (P1) pour effectuer la mesure de la sensibilité de la peau et enregistrer cette mesure. On sélectionne ensuite la fonction B et au moyen du bouton-poussoir 7 (PI), on introduit le temps d'exposition choisi. Ce temps introduit par pas de 0,1 heure de 0 à 9,9 heures. Le temps introduit est affiché sur le dispositif d'af- -fichage 6 à deux chiffre. Il suffit ensuite de sélectionner la fonction C en dirigeant la fenêtre 4 vers le soleil pour qu'apparaisse sur l'affichage 6 l'indice de protection du produit à utiliser.The device is used as follows: after selecting function A, apply window 2 against the skin and press push-button 7 (P1) to measure the sensitivity of the skin and save this measurement. Function B is then selected and using the push button 7 (PI), the chosen exposure time is entered. This time introduced in 0.1 hour steps from 0 to 9.9 hours. The time entered is displayed on the two-digit display 6. Then simply select function C by directing window 4 towards the sun so that the protection index of the product to be used appears on display 6.
L'appareil et bien entendu susceptible de nombreuses variantes d'exécution, tant dans sa forme et sa présentation que dans les moyens de commutation et d'affichage. Le commutateur à curseur 5 pourrait être par exemple remplacé par un commutateur à touches ou un commutateur rotatif. Quant à l'affichage 6 il pourrait être par exemple constitué d'une rangée de diodes luminescentes. Au lieu du seul bouton-poussoir 7 il serait possible de prévoir un bouton-poussoir par fonction. Sur la base du schéma de la figure 4, l'affichage des fonctions pourrait se faire au moyen de diodes luminescentes placées en face d'une inscription désigna nt cla iremen t la fonction s électionnée .The device is of course capable of numerous variants, both in its form and presentation as in the switching and display means. The slide switch 5 could for example be replaced by a key switch or a rotary switch. As for the display 6, it could for example consist of a row of light-emitting diodes. Instead of the single push button 7, it would be possible to provide one push button per function. On the basis of the diagram in FIG. 4, the display of the functions could be done by means of light-emitting diodes placed in front of an inscription clearly designating the selected function.
De manière à encore mieux isoler optiquement la cellule phtovoltaique 14 de la diode luminescente 16 on pour rait prévoir deux fenêtres indépendantes fermées chacune par sa propre glace.In order to further optically isolate the phtovoltaic cell 14 from the light-emitting diode 16 for could provide two independent windows each closed by its own window.
L'appareil peut être réalisé avec toute source de lumière, par exmple infrarouge ou laser. On pourrait en outre se contenter de mesurer la lumière réfléchie par la surface de la peau. The device can be produced with any light source, for example infrared or laser. We could also be content to measure the light reflected by the surface of the skin.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS. CLAIMS.
1. Appareil pour la détermination de l'indice de protection d'un produit anti-solaire en fonction de la sensibilité de la peau du sujet, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend une source de courant (25), des moyens de mesure de la sensibilité de la peau (14, 16), des moyens d'introduction du temps d'exposition au soleil (7), des moyens de mesure de l'intensité du rayonnement UV (12), des moyens de mémorisation de ces paramètres (8), un calculateur électronique (8) déterminant l'indice de protection du produit anti-solaire à utiliser en fonction de la sensibilité de la peau, du temps d'exposition au soleil et de l'intensité du rayonnement UV, des moyens d'affichage (6) permettant d'afficher au moins le temps d'exposition et l'indice de protection, et des moyens de sélection des fonctions (5).1. Apparatus for determining the protection index of an anti-sun product as a function of the sensitivity of the subject's skin, characterized in that it comprises a current source (25), measuring means the sensitivity of the skin (14, 16), means for introducing the time of exposure to the sun (7), means for measuring the intensity of UV radiation (12), means for memorizing these parameters (8), an electronic computer (8) determining the protection index of the sunscreen product to be used as a function of the sensitivity of the skin, the time of exposure to the sun and the intensity of UV radiation, display (6) for displaying at least the exposure time and the protection index, and means for selecting the functions (5).
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de mesure de la sensibilité de la peau comprennent une source lumineuse (16) et une cellule photovoltaïque (14) disposées en arrière d'un orifice (2) de l'appareil et isolées optiquement l'une de l'autre, de telle manière que la cellule photovoltaïque reçoit exclusivement la lumière réfléchie par la peau lorsque l'orifice de l'appareil est appliqué contre la peau.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for measuring the sensitivity of the skin comprise a light source (16) and a photovoltaic cell (14) disposed behind an orifice (2) of the device and optically isolated from each other, so that the photovoltaic cell exclusively receives the light reflected by the skin when the orifice of the device is applied against the skin.
3. Appareil selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que ledit orifice (2) est fermé par une paroi transparente plane.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that said orifice (2) is closed by a flat transparent wall.
4. Appareil selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par le fait que la source lumineuse (16) est une diode luminescente émettant une lumière d'une longueur d'onde comprise entre environ 500 et 600 nm.4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the light source (16) is a light emitting diode emitting light of a wavelength between approximately 500 and 600 nm.
5. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de mesure de l'intensité du rayonnement UV sont constitués par une cellule photovoltaïque disposée derrière un. filtre.5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for measuring the intensity of UV radiation are constituted by a photovoltaic cell disposed behind one. filtered.
6. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens d'introduction du temps d'exposition au soleil comprennent un bouton-poussoir (7) commandant un contact pour l'introduction d'impulsions de temps dans le calculateur électronique.6. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for introducing the time of exposure to the sun comprises a push button (7) controlling a contact for the introduction of time pulses into the electronic computer.
7. Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un boîtier rectangulaire présentant à l'une de ses extrémités un orifice (2) destiné à être placé contre la peau et à son extrémité opposée un orifice (4) pour la mesure du rayonnement UV. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a rectangular housing having at one of its ends an orifice (2) intended to be placed against the skin and at its opposite end an orifice (4) for measurement of UV radiation.
PCT/CH1988/000010 1987-01-22 1988-01-20 Apparatus for determining an antisolar protection index WO1988005284A1 (en)

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KR1019880701096A KR890700330A (en) 1987-01-22 1988-09-09 Device for determining the protective factor of sunscreen products as a function of skin sensitivity

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CH218/87A CH669325A5 (en) 1987-01-22 1987-01-22
CH218/87-4 1987-01-22

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GB2218802A (en) * 1988-03-10 1989-11-22 Glyn Alyn Edwards An opto-electrical device
WO1990006154A1 (en) * 1988-12-07 1990-06-14 Peter Suremann Process for finding the best possible protection factor for human skin against light and solar radiation and a device for implementing said process
FR2651112A1 (en) * 1989-08-24 1991-03-01 Oreal
WO1993003793A1 (en) * 1991-08-22 1993-03-04 Roberto Enzo Di Biaggio Medical light treatment apparatus
WO1993016635A1 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-02 Chromo-Light Aps A method and an apparatus for determining an individual's ability to stand exposure to ultraviolet radiation
EP0655221A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-05-31 L'oreal Colorimetrical measuring head, and method for determining the internal colour of a non opaque material
AT400635B (en) * 1991-11-29 1996-02-26 Steiner Wilhelm TRANSPORTABLE MEASURING DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE UV RADIANT DOSE AS PROTECTION AGAINST HEALTH DAMAGE TO THE SKIN
FR2822671A1 (en) * 2001-03-29 2002-10-04 Medick S A Opto-electronic device for controlling skin exposure to the sun by measurement of the amount of melanin in the skin caused by a measured exposure and using the measured values to determine a safe level
US7225010B1 (en) 1996-10-18 2007-05-29 Lucid, Inc. System and method for confocal imaging within dermal tissue
EP2142894A1 (en) * 2007-04-30 2010-01-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Uv detection devices and methods

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JPH047803U (en) * 1990-05-02 1992-01-24
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EP0193163A2 (en) * 1985-02-26 1986-09-03 Klaus Scheller Device for determining an acute sun-protection factor
GB2181833A (en) * 1985-09-13 1987-04-29 Radtech Inc Computing device for suntanning dose measurement, and process for producing optical filters

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2218802A (en) * 1988-03-10 1989-11-22 Glyn Alyn Edwards An opto-electrical device
WO1990006154A1 (en) * 1988-12-07 1990-06-14 Peter Suremann Process for finding the best possible protection factor for human skin against light and solar radiation and a device for implementing said process
FR2651112A1 (en) * 1989-08-24 1991-03-01 Oreal
GB2235767A (en) * 1989-08-24 1991-03-13 Oreal Quantifying the behaviour of the skin in relation to solar radiation
GB2235767B (en) * 1989-08-24 1993-07-28 Oreal A method for quantifying the behaviour of the skin in relation to solar radiation,an apparatus for the implementation of this method,and applications therefor
WO1993003793A1 (en) * 1991-08-22 1993-03-04 Roberto Enzo Di Biaggio Medical light treatment apparatus
AT400635B (en) * 1991-11-29 1996-02-26 Steiner Wilhelm TRANSPORTABLE MEASURING DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE UV RADIANT DOSE AS PROTECTION AGAINST HEALTH DAMAGE TO THE SKIN
WO1993016635A1 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-02 Chromo-Light Aps A method and an apparatus for determining an individual's ability to stand exposure to ultraviolet radiation
EP0655221A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-05-31 L'oreal Colorimetrical measuring head, and method for determining the internal colour of a non opaque material
FR2712985A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-02 Oreal Colorimetric measuring head, and method for determining the internal color of a non-opaque material.
US7225010B1 (en) 1996-10-18 2007-05-29 Lucid, Inc. System and method for confocal imaging within dermal tissue
US8121670B2 (en) 1996-10-18 2012-02-21 Lucid, Inc. System for confocal imaging within dermal tissue
US8606343B2 (en) 1996-10-18 2013-12-10 Lucid, Inc. System and method for confocal imaging within dermal tissue
FR2822671A1 (en) * 2001-03-29 2002-10-04 Medick S A Opto-electronic device for controlling skin exposure to the sun by measurement of the amount of melanin in the skin caused by a measured exposure and using the measured values to determine a safe level
EP2142894A1 (en) * 2007-04-30 2010-01-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Uv detection devices and methods

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JPH01501846A (en) 1989-06-29
CH669325A5 (en) 1989-03-15
AU1104588A (en) 1988-08-10
EP0301042A1 (en) 1989-02-01
KR890700330A (en) 1989-04-24

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