WO1992000852A1 - Transfer printing process - Google Patents

Transfer printing process Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992000852A1
WO1992000852A1 PCT/US1991/004662 US9104662W WO9200852A1 WO 1992000852 A1 WO1992000852 A1 WO 1992000852A1 US 9104662 W US9104662 W US 9104662W WO 9200852 A1 WO9200852 A1 WO 9200852A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
medium
ink solids
image
ink
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1991/004662
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Nathan Hale
Original Assignee
Sawgrass Systems , Inc. D/B/A The Sawgrass Co.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sawgrass Systems , Inc. D/B/A The Sawgrass Co. filed Critical Sawgrass Systems , Inc. D/B/A The Sawgrass Co.
Priority to AU83218/91A priority Critical patent/AU649261B2/en
Priority to DE4191525A priority patent/DE4191525C2/en
Priority to NL9120005A priority patent/NL9120005A/en
Priority to GB9204896A priority patent/GB2254049B/en
Publication of WO1992000852A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992000852A1/en
Priority to SE9200690A priority patent/SE505819C2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/382—Contact thermal transfer or sublimation processes
    • B41M5/38257—Contact thermal transfer or sublimation processes characterised by the use of an intermediate receptor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F16/00—Transfer printing apparatus
    • B41F16/02—Transfer printing apparatus for textile material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/315—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/315—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material
    • B41J2/32—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads
    • B41J2/325—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads by selective transfer of ink from ink carrier, e.g. from ink ribbon or sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/12—Transfer pictures or the like, e.g. decalcomanias
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
    • B41M5/0256—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet the transferable ink pattern being obtained by means of a computer driven printer, e.g. an ink jet or laser printer, or by electrographic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
    • B41M5/035—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by sublimation or volatilisation of pre-printed design, e.g. sublistatic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
    • B41M7/009—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using thermal means, e.g. infrared radiation, heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1712—Decalcomanias applied under heat and pressure, e.g. provided with a heat activable adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1712—Decalcomanias applied under heat and pressure, e.g. provided with a heat activable adhesive
    • B44C1/1716—Decalcomanias provided with a particular decorative layer, e.g. specially adapted to allow the formation of a metallic or dyestuff layer on a substrate unsuitable for direct deposition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
    • C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
    • C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
    • C09D11/328—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents characterised by dyes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
    • C09D11/34—Hot-melt inks
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/003—Transfer printing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/003—Transfer printing
    • D06P5/004—Transfer printing using subliming dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/003—Transfer printing
    • D06P5/004—Transfer printing using subliming dyes
    • D06P5/006—Transfer printing using subliming dyes using specified dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/003—Transfer printing
    • D06P5/007—Transfer printing using non-subliming dyes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/65—Apparatus which relate to the handling of copy material
    • G03G15/6588—Apparatus which relate to the handling of copy material characterised by the copy material, e.g. postcards, large copies, multi-layered materials, coloured sheet material
    • G03G15/6591—Apparatus which relate to the handling of copy material characterised by the copy material, e.g. postcards, large copies, multi-layered materials, coloured sheet material characterised by the recording material, e.g. plastic material, OHP, ceramics, tiles, textiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
    • G03G9/0926—Colouring agents for toner particles characterised by physical or chemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
    • B41M5/035—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by sublimation or volatilisation of pre-printed design, e.g. sublistatic
    • B41M5/0356—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by sublimation or volatilisation of pre-printed design, e.g. sublistatic characterised by the inks used for printing the pattern on the temporary support or additives therefor, e.g. dyes, transferable compounds, binders or transfer promoting additives
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
    • G03G2215/00362—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes relating to the copy medium handling
    • G03G2215/00443—Copy medium
    • G03G2215/00523—Other special types, e.g. tabbed
    • G03G2215/00527—Fabrics, e.g. textiles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to printing generally and more specifically relates to a method of transferring a design onto an object by means of printing heat sensitive ink in the desired design onto paper or other printable material by thermal means at a relatively low temperature, then transferring the design from the paper or printable material to an object on which the design is to permanently appear at a higher temperature which will cause the heat sensitive ink to bond to the object.
  • Words and designs are frequently printed onto clothing and other textile materials, as well as other objects. Common means of applying such designs to objects include the use of silk screens, and mechanically bonded thermal transfers.
  • Silk screen process is well known in the art, and a mechanical thermal process to textile materials is described in Hare. U.S. Patent Number 4,244,358.
  • the use of computer technology has allowed almost instantaneous printing of images.
  • video cameras or scanning may be used to capture an image on magnetic media such as computer hard disks or floppy disks.
  • the image may then be printed by any suitable printing means, including mechanical thermal printers, wet printed (inkjet) heat sensitive transfers and laser printers.
  • mechanical thermal printers wet printed (inkjet) heat sensitive transfers and laser printers.
  • the process of thermal transfers by mechanical means is described in Hare. U.S. Patent Number 4,773,953.
  • the art, as developed under this patent, is well known and defined in practice.
  • the resulting mechanical image, as transferred, is a surface bonded image with a raised plastic like feel to the surface.
  • ink solids bond to or dye fabrics or other materials as a result of the application of heat. These ink solids liquify or sublimate upon the application of heat. Sublimation ink solids have been applied from pre-printed media, but the printing of such media with heat sensitive inks has not been done by thermal means at a temperature lower than that which activates the heat sensitive ink. Sublimation ink solids change to a gas typically in a range of 140°F - 500°F, depending upon the particular ink solid chosen. Once the sublimation occurs, bonding of the ink solid to the application takes place, the ink is permanent and highly resistant to change or fading caused by laundry products.
  • the present invention uses ink solids which may be affixed to an object by applying heat.
  • This heat sensitive ink solid is transferred in the desired design by means of a thermal printer onto a medium, which will most commonly be paper.
  • This initial thermal printing takes place at a temperature which is below that which will liquefy or sublimate the ink solid.
  • the image is then transferred from the medium onto the desired material.
  • Dye diffusion, sublimation or other activation of the heat sensitive ink solid does not take place at the time of transfer from the ribbon to the print medium, but rather takes place at the time of the transfer of the image from the medium to the object onto which the image is to be applied. Accordingly, a higher temperature is used to apply the image from the medium than is used to print the image onto the medium.
  • the present invention allows the desired image to be transferred onto a medium almost instantaneously from the creation of the image.
  • This image may be then permanently transferred from the medium onto the object on which it is to be displayed either at the same time, or "stored” by means of the medium to be permanently applied later as desired.
  • the process allows relatively low volumes of the design to be produced and printed onto a medium by thermal printing means using heat sensitive ink solids. By heat activating the heat sensitive transfer ink solids at the time of application of the image onto the object on which it is displayed, the design has a look of being "dyed in” when applied to a textile material. The image does not look or feel as though it has been topically applied. The image will stretch and move as the fabric moves, and is permanently affixed to the object.
  • ink solids are used, and are transferred to a medium in a dry, solid form by the printer.
  • the heat sensitive transfer ink solids are transferred onto the medium, such as paper, by the printer from a ribbon on which the ink solids are bound.
  • the ribbon to be used with the printer may be a polyester ribbon.
  • the dry ink solids may be retained on the polyester ribbon by the use of wax.
  • the printer such as a thermal printer, will transfer the ink in the desired design and colors from the ribbon to the medium at a temperature which is sufficient to release the ink solids from the binder, such as wax, but which is below the temperature which will cause any substantial liquification or sublimation of the ink solids.
  • the binder will melt in a range of 130°F to 225°F, so that the thermal printing of the ink solids onto the medium will take place within this range.
  • the temperature range will, however, be dependent on the thermal printing means.
  • the quality of the image is achieved in part through the use of a means such as a ribbon to which the heat sensitive transfer ink solids are bonded by means of wax.
  • the wax is melted by the thermal printer, which releases not only the ink solids, but also the wax, some of which is transferred to the medium.
  • the wax aids in holding the heat sensitive transfer ink solids on the medium in the precise design, eliminating the need for special paper, while also producing an image which has high resolution.
  • any material may be ' used as a medium which can be printe upon by a printer, and which will withstand the higher transfer temperature, as is described herein.
  • this medium may be any paper commonly used with thermal printers, however, standard bond paper could be used.
  • Other materials, such as a sheet of metal could be used, if the metal sheet can be printed upon by the particular thermal printer employed.
  • a temperature which is sufficient to sublimate the ink solids or cause diffusion or other activation of the ink solids is then applied to the medium.
  • a heat transfer machine 10 may be used to accomplish the transfer process.
  • the ink which is chosen is heat sensitive.
  • the application of the relatively high heat of the transfer process causes a diffusion of the ink, or causes a sublimation of the ink, depending upon the particular ink chosen. For example, if a sublimation ink is chosen, it should be one which will sufficiently sublimate at a temperature above the temperature used to thermally print onto the medium so as to produce a good quality image.
  • a binder is chosen which will release the ink onto the medium by the thermal printer at around 200°F, while the transfer from the medium to the object will take place at around 400°F.
  • the thermal printing will typically take place at 130°F to 225°F, while the transfer will take place at 250°F to 500°F.
  • the thermal printing temperature must be sufficient to properly release the ink, and the ink chosen should not have noticeable sublimation at the temperature at which thermal printing takes place.
  • the thermal printing temperature must be below that at which diffusion ink solids will dye a textile material, for example.

Abstract

An image (3) is permanently printed on an object (8) by capturing the image (3) printing heat sensitive ink solids by thermal mean onto a medium (9) and then transferring the ink solids from the medium (9) to the object (8) by applying sufficient heat to the ink solids to cause the heat sensitive ink to permanently bond to the object (8) in the desired image (3). The heat sensitive transfer ink is printed onto the medium (9) by thermal printing means (10) at a temperature which will release and print the ink, but which is below the temperature which will cause the heat sensitive ink to bond permanently. The image (3) is then transferred from the medium (9) onto the object (8) at a higher temperature which will cause the sensitive ink to permanently bond to the object (8).

Description

T ANSFER PRINTING PROCESS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to printing generally and more specifically relates to a method of transferring a design onto an object by means of printing heat sensitive ink in the desired design onto paper or other printable material by thermal means at a relatively low temperature, then transferring the design from the paper or printable material to an object on which the design is to permanently appear at a higher temperature which will cause the heat sensitive ink to bond to the object. Words and designs are frequently printed onto clothing and other textile materials, as well as other objects. Common means of applying such designs to objects include the use of silk screens, and mechanically bonded thermal transfers. Silk screen process is well known in the art, and a mechanical thermal process to textile materials is described in Hare. U.S. Patent Number 4,244,358. The use of computer technology has allowed almost instantaneous printing of images. For example, video cameras or scanning may be used to capture an image on magnetic media such as computer hard disks or floppy disks. The image may then be printed by any suitable printing means, including mechanical thermal printers, wet printed (inkjet) heat sensitive transfers and laser printers. The process of thermal transfers by mechanical means is described in Hare. U.S. Patent Number 4,773,953. The art, as developed under this patent, is well known and defined in practice. The resulting mechanical image, as transferred, is a surface bonded image with a raised plastic like feel to the surface. The _ _
resulting printed image is stiff to the feel, has poor dimensional stability when stretched and poor color range. Certain ink solids bond to or dye fabrics or other materials as a result of the application of heat. These ink solids liquify or sublimate upon the application of heat. Sublimation ink solids have been applied from pre-printed media, but the printing of such media with heat sensitive inks has not been done by thermal means at a temperature lower than that which activates the heat sensitive ink. Sublimation ink solids change to a gas typically in a range of 140°F - 500°F, depending upon the particular ink solid chosen. Once the sublimation occurs, bonding of the ink solid to the application takes place, the ink is permanent and highly resistant to change or fading caused by laundry products.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention uses ink solids which may be affixed to an object by applying heat. This heat sensitive ink solid is transferred in the desired design by means of a thermal printer onto a medium, which will most commonly be paper. This initial thermal printing takes place at a temperature which is below that which will liquefy or sublimate the ink solid. The image is then transferred from the medium onto the desired material. Dye diffusion, sublimation or other activation of the heat sensitive ink solid does not take place at the time of transfer from the ribbon to the print medium, but rather takes place at the time of the transfer of the image from the medium to the object onto which the image is to be applied. Accordingly, a higher temperature is used to apply the image from the medium than is used to print the image onto the medium. The present invention allows the desired image to be transferred onto a medium almost instantaneously from the creation of the image. This image may be then permanently transferred from the medium onto the object on which it is to be displayed either at the same time, or "stored" by means of the medium to be permanently applied later as desired. The process allows relatively low volumes of the design to be produced and printed onto a medium by thermal printing means using heat sensitive ink solids. By heat activating the heat sensitive transfer ink solids at the time of application of the image onto the object on which it is displayed, the design has a look of being "dyed in" when applied to a textile material. The image does not look or feel as though it has been topically applied. The image will stretch and move as the fabric moves, and is permanently affixed to the object. pass" (three color) may be preferred. In the present invention, ink solids are used, and are transferred to a medium in a dry, solid form by the printer. In the preferred embodiment, the heat sensitive transfer ink solids are transferred onto the medium, such as paper, by the printer from a ribbon on which the ink solids are bound. The ribbon to be used with the printer may be a polyester ribbon. The dry ink solids may be retained on the polyester ribbon by the use of wax. The printer, such as a thermal printer, will transfer the ink in the desired design and colors from the ribbon to the medium at a temperature which is sufficient to release the ink solids from the binder, such as wax, but which is below the temperature which will cause any substantial liquification or sublimation of the ink solids. Typically, the binder will melt in a range of 130°F to 225°F, so that the thermal printing of the ink solids onto the medium will take place within this range. The temperature range will, however, be dependent on the thermal printing means. The quality of the image is achieved in part through the use of a means such as a ribbon to which the heat sensitive transfer ink solids are bonded by means of wax. The wax is melted by the thermal printer, which releases not only the ink solids, but also the wax, some of which is transferred to the medium. The wax aids in holding the heat sensitive transfer ink solids on the medium in the precise design, eliminating the need for special paper, while also producing an image which has high resolution. Virtually any material may be' used as a medium which can be printe upon by a printer, and which will withstand the higher transfer temperature, as is described herein. If a thermal printer is used, this medium may be any paper commonly used with thermal printers, however, standard bond paper could be used. Other materials, such as a sheet of metal could be used, if the metal sheet can be printed upon by the particular thermal printer employed. Once the image is transferred onto the medium, the image may be permanently transferred onto an object presently, or at a later time. Most commonly, the design will be transferred onto a textile material, such as a shirt 8, although the image may be transferred onto other materials, such as metal, wood, or plastic The design 3, which is printed onto the medium 9, is placed against the object 8. A temperature which is sufficient to sublimate the ink solids or cause diffusion or other activation of the ink solids is then applied to the medium. A heat transfer machine 10 may be used to accomplish the transfer process. The ink which is chosen is heat sensitive. The application of the relatively high heat of the transfer process causes a diffusion of the ink, or causes a sublimation of the ink, depending upon the particular ink chosen. For example, if a sublimation ink is chosen, it should be one which will sufficiently sublimate at a temperature above the temperature used to thermally print onto the medium so as to produce a good quality image. By way of example, a binder is chosen which will release the ink onto the medium by the thermal printer at around 200°F, while the transfer from the medium to the object will take place at around 400°F. In terms of a range, the thermal printing will typically take place at 130°F to 225°F, while the transfer will take place at 250°F to 500°F. However, if the thermal printing temperature is too close to the sublimation temperature, excessive sublimation may take place during the thermal printing process, and the ultimate print quality may not be acceptable. Therefore, the thermal printing temperature must be sufficient to properly release the ink, and the ink chosen should not have noticeable sublimation at the temperature at which thermal printing takes place. For other types of heat sensitive inks other than sublimation ink solids, these principles are the same. The thermal printing temperature must be below that at which diffusion ink solids will dye a textile material, for example.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A method of printing a design using heat sensitive ink solids, comprising the steps of: a. printing by thermal means heat sensitive ink solids in a desired design onto a medium at a temperature which is below the temperature at which said ink solids are activated; and b. transferring said image from said medium to an object on which the image is to appear by thermal means at a temperature which is above the temperature at which said ink activates, so as to cause said ink to transfer onto said object from said medium in the desires design.
2. A method of printing a design using heat sensitive ink solids, comprising the steps of: a. creating an image; b. printing by thermal means heat sensitive ink solids in a desired design onto a medium at a temperature which is below the temperature at which said ink solids diffuse or sublimate; and c. transferring said image from said medium to an object on which the image is to appear by thermal means at a temperature which is above the temperature at which said ink diffuses or sublimates, so as to cause said ink to transfer on_o said object from said medium in the desired design.
- 3. A method of printing a design using heat sensitive ink solids, comprising the steps of: a. printing by thermal means heat sensitive ink solids from a ribbon to which said ink solids are bound by means of a binder, at a temperature which is below the temperature at which said ink solids diffuse or sublimate, but at a temperature which is sufficient to cause said ink solids to be released from said binder onto said medium in a desired design; and b. transferring said image from said medium to an object on which the image is to appear by thermal means at a temperature which is above the temperature at which said ink solids diffuse or sublimate, so as to cause said ink solids to transfer onto said object from said medium in the desired design.
4. A method of printing a design using sublimation ink solids, comprising the steps of: a. printing by thermal means sublimation ink solids in a desired design onto a medium at a temperature which is below the temperature at which said sublimation ink solids sublimate; and b. transferring said image from said medium to an object on which the image is to appear by thermal means at a temperature which is above the temperature at which said sublimation ink solids sublimate, so as to cause said sublimation ink solids to transfer onto said object.
5. A method of printing a design using sublimation ink solids, comprising the steps of: a. creating an image; b. printing by thermal means sublimation ink solids in a desired design onto a medium at a temperature which is in a range of temperatures below the temperature at which said sublimation ink solids sublimate and above the temperature which will cause said ink solids to be transferred to said medium; and c. transferring said image from said medium to an object on which the image is to appear by thermal means at a temperature which is above the temperature at which said sublimation on ink solids sublimate, so as to cause said sublimation ink solids to transfer onto said object.
6. A method of printing a design using sublimation ink solids, comprising steps the of: a. printing by thermal means sublimation ink solids from a ribbon to which said ink solids are bound by means of wax at a temperature which is below the temperature at which said sublimation ink solids sublimate, but at a temperature which is sufficient to cause said ink solids - - to be released from said binder onto said medium in a desired design; and b. transferring said image from said medium to an object on which the image is to appear by thermal means at a temperature which is above the temperature at which said sublimation ink solids sublimate, so as to cause said sublimation ink solids to transfer onto said object.
PCT/US1991/004662 1990-07-09 1991-07-05 Transfer printing process WO1992000852A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

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AU83218/91A AU649261B2 (en) 1990-07-09 1991-07-05 Transfer printing process
DE4191525A DE4191525C2 (en) 1990-07-09 1991-07-05 Transfer printing process
NL9120005A NL9120005A (en) 1990-07-09 1991-07-05 Transfer printing process
GB9204896A GB2254049B (en) 1990-07-09 1991-07-05 Transfer printing process
SE9200690A SE505819C2 (en) 1990-07-09 1992-03-06 Sticker Printing process

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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US54960090A 1990-07-09 1990-07-09
US549,600 1990-07-09
US07/724,610 US5302223A (en) 1990-07-09 1991-07-02 Permanent heat sensitive transfer printing process
US07/724,610 1991-07-02

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CA (1) CA2067120C (en)
DE (2) DE4191525C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2073338B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2254049B (en)
NL (1) NL9120005A (en)
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ES2073338A1 (en) 1995-08-01
SE9200690L (en) 1992-03-06
US5431501A (en) 1995-07-11
CA2067120C (en) 1996-06-25
DE4191525C2 (en) 2001-12-06
DE4191525T (en) 1992-08-27
GB2254049B (en) 1995-03-15
US5522317A (en) 1996-06-04
SE505819C2 (en) 1997-10-13
GB9204896D0 (en) 1992-05-27
US5644988A (en) 1997-07-08
US5302223A (en) 1994-04-12
AU649261B2 (en) 1994-05-19
GB2254049A (en) 1992-09-30
NL9120005A (en) 1992-07-01
CA2067120A1 (en) 1992-01-10
ES2073338B1 (en) 1996-03-01
AU8321891A (en) 1992-02-04
SE9200690D0 (en) 1992-03-06

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