WO1992015796A1 - Separable mechanical coupling device - Google Patents

Separable mechanical coupling device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992015796A1
WO1992015796A1 PCT/EP1992/000448 EP9200448W WO9215796A1 WO 1992015796 A1 WO1992015796 A1 WO 1992015796A1 EP 9200448 W EP9200448 W EP 9200448W WO 9215796 A1 WO9215796 A1 WO 9215796A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coupling
torque
elements
drive
guide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1992/000448
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Neil Cable
Original Assignee
Agence Spatiale Europeenne
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agence Spatiale Europeenne filed Critical Agence Spatiale Europeenne
Publication of WO1992015796A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992015796A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/10—Quick-acting couplings in which the parts are connected by simply bringing them together axially
    • F16D1/108—Quick-acting couplings in which the parts are connected by simply bringing them together axially having retaining means rotating with the coupling and acting by interengaging parts, i.e. positive coupling
    • F16D1/112—Quick-acting couplings in which the parts are connected by simply bringing them together axially having retaining means rotating with the coupling and acting by interengaging parts, i.e. positive coupling the interengaging parts comprising torque-transmitting surfaces, e.g. bayonet joints

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a separable coupling device intended to mechanically transmit a torque between two members.
  • a device of this kind finds its application in numerous tools and tools as well as in the field of robotics.
  • a mechanical coupling device traditionally comprises a 'male member being housed in a female member and the fixing of one member in the other is done by means of a lug provided on one of the members and coming to be housed automatically in an orifice provided in the other organ.
  • the drawback of this known arrangement is that it imposes very severe dimensional and angular tolerances, failing which the mechanical coupling and the driving of one member by the other are difficult to achieve.
  • known separable devices have an annoying tendency to jump and disengage from one another when a drive rotation torque is applied to them.
  • a typical example is that of a screwdriver engaged in the groove of a screw head and that of the hexagonal bolts used to fix the wheels of motor vehicles.
  • Coupling devices are also known, the female member of which is provided with an L-shaped slot for receiving the pin provided on the male member, a branch of the L being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device to allow the introduction of the lug and the second branch of L extending transversely to the direction of the first branch. These devices also tend to jump.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the problem mentioned above by proposing a separable coupling device which, at the same time, ensures a rigid and stable assembly when a torque is applied to it, and allows a easy engagement EP92 / 00448
  • a mechanical coupling device intended to transmit a torque, comprising two coupling elements engaged in one another in a separable manner, remarkable in that 'a first coupling element has at least one notch having at least one guide face extending obliquely relative to the direction of the torque to guide an element integral with the second coupling element so as to bring the two coupling elements in position engaged one inside the other, and at least one drive face for cooperating with said element integral with the second coupling element when the two coupling elements are engaged one in the other, the drive face extending obliquely to the direction of the torque while being turned towards the driven member.
  • the notches can be formed either in the inner element or in the outer element.
  • An important aspect of the coupling device according to the invention is that it makes it possible to transmit a torque from the internal element to the external element or vice versa.
  • the assembly of the two coupling elements is easy, even with an inclination or a lateral la ⁇ offset of one element relative to the other.
  • the assembly is guided until the complete engagement of one element in the other. 3.
  • the assembled device is rigid and remains stable during the application of a torque.
  • the assembly is insensitive to small degradations of the elements which prevented the correct engagement of the elements in the known devices.
  • the device can be mounted in one direction or the other since it makes it possible to connect the driving member both to the internal element and to the external element of the device.
  • the device makes it possible to couple together organs of different dimensions.
  • the device can be provided for a single direction of the torque with automatic disengagement in the event of reversal of the torque, which provides automatic protection of the dragged element or of the downstream chain.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 show two typical known embodiments.
  • FIGS 3 and 4 illustrate the reaction forces which arise during the engagement of one element in the other in two typical cases.
  • FIGS 5, 6 and 7 show a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention: Figure 5 shows the two elements not engaged one in the other, Figure 6 shows the coupling device while one of the elements is at the start of its engagement in the other element, and Figure 7 shows the two elements completely in one another.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention, Figure 8 showing the two elements not engaged in one another and Figure 9 showing the coupling device with the two elements engaged in each other.
  • FIGS. 10A-10D schematically illustrate a process for engaging one element in the other with a coupling device according to FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 11 shows a third exemplary embodiment in accordance with the invention, the two elements making up the device not being engaged in one another.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a typical example application incorporating a coupling device according to FIG. 11, which coupling device is shown with its two elements engaged one in the other.
  • FIGS. 13A-13D schematically illustrate a process for engaging one element in the other with a coupling device according to FIG. 11.
  • Figures 14A-14C are sectional views showing
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 represent two known ac ⁇ coupling devices. These devices shown include an exterior element 1 and an interior element 2.
  • the exterior element 1 shown in FIG. 1 has two slots 3 in L: the vertical branch extends parallel to the axis of rotation II of the device and the horizontal branch extends in a plane transverse to the axis of rotation II.
  • the horizontal hori ⁇ branch of each slot 3 receives a lug 4 secured to the inner element 2 at the end of engagement.
  • Figure 2 shows a socket 1 which has two slots 3 having an oblique guide face 5 and a drive face 6.
  • the lugs 4 of the inner element 2 act on the drive faces 6 to drive the sleeve 1 rotating around the axis II.
  • a stop member is usually provided on the en ⁇ dragged member to cooperate with one or each lug 4 in order to absorb the reaction torque.
  • the entrainment faces 6 which ideally are parallel to the axis of rotation II, are however practically almost never but exactly perpendicular to the direction of the applied torque C, so that l action of the couple. represented by the force F exerted by the lug 4, produces a reaction force R which is broken down into an axial component FA and a component transversa ⁇ the FT as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the axial component FA has the effect of repelling the 'inté ⁇ laughing element 2 outside the sleeve 1.
  • This provides a coupling device in which the drive faces are arranged so that the rotational torque F produces a reaction force R whose axial component FA opposes the disengagement of the internal element d 'with the external element (see figure 4).
  • FIG. 5 shows the outer element 11 in the exterior element 11
  • FIG. 6 shows the element 12 at the start of its engagement in the element 11
  • FIG. 7 shows the two elements after complete engagement, one in the 'other.
  • the inner element 12 is provided with two pins 14 and the outer element 11 has two notches 13 having a guide face 15 oblique to the direction F of the torque to guide one of the pins 14 during the 'engagement (figure 6).
  • Each notch 13 also has a drive face 17 for cooperating with the corresponding pin 14 when the engagement is complete (FIG. 7).
  • Each drive face 17 extends obliquely to the direction F of the torque of rotation
  • REPLACEMENT SHEET such that this face is turned towards the driven orga ⁇ connected to the external element 21.
  • a stop member (not shown) intended to cooperate with the or each sleeve in order to '' absorb the reaction torque.
  • the axial component of the reaction force produced by the torque opposes the disengagement of the inner element 12 from the outer element 11, which ensures a great security.
  • the coupling device shown in Figure 6 is useful in all cases where the torque is applied only in one direction, because if the torque was applied in the opposite direction, the inclination of the guide face 15 facing the entraining member would induce a reaction force which tends to disengage the internal element from the external element.
  • FIG. 7 shows the two elements before engagement of the internal element 22 in the external element 21 while that Figure 8 shows the two elements after full engagement with each other.
  • the external element 21 comprises two notches 23 each having two guide faces 25 oblique to the direction of the torque, that is to say relative to the axis of rotation of the device and two drive faces PCI7EP92 / 00448
  • FIGS. 10A to 10D schematically represent the elements comprising the exemplary coupling device according to FIG. 8.
  • the internal element 22 is shown in FIG. 10A with an exemplary lateral offset relative to the longitudinal axis of element 21;
  • FIG. 10B shows the start of guiding a pin 24 along a guide face 25;
  • Figure 10C shows a pin 24 in the neck separating the guide faces 25 the drive faces 27 while the inner member 22 is in an angular position inclined relative to the axis of the outer member 21;
  • FIG. 10A shows the start of guiding a pin 24 along a guide face 25
  • Figure 10C shows a pin 24 in the neck separating the guide faces 25 the drive faces 27 while the inner member 22 is in an angular position inclined relative to the axis of the outer member 21;
  • FIG. 10A shows the start of guiding a pin 24 along a guide face 25
  • Figure 10C shows a pin 24 in the neck separating the guide faces 25 the drive faces 27 while the inner member 22 is in an angular
  • FIG. 10D shows a pin 24 cooperating with a drive face 27 towards the end of the engagement of the internal element 22 in the external element 21.
  • the pins 14 are guided by the guide faces 15 obliquely and brought naturally in cooperation with the corresponding drive faces 17.
  • An important aspect of the coupling device in accordance with the invention is that a torque can be applied to it from one side or the other. At the coupling joint itself, the torque is transmitted coaxially and it follows that the pin which communicates the moment can be fixed both to the interior element and to the exterior element.
  • FIG. 11 represents an embodiment 30 in which the notches 33 are formed in an interior element 31 to overlap a pin 34 fixed inside an exterior element 32.
  • FIG. 12 An exemplary application of this coupling device is illustrated in FIG. 12.
  • the element 31 is fixed on a shaft 35 of an engine 36 mounted on a frame 37.
  • the element 32 for its part, is fixed on ball bearing 38 secured to a shaft 39 driving any load (not shown).
  • the coupling between the motor 36 and the driven chain is done simply by lowering the frame 37 until the notch of the internal element 31 fits the pin 34 of the external element 32 and the motor 36 can then drive the load, the motor torque being transmitted coaxially by the device 30.
  • the frame 37 is provided with a heel 40 which cooperates with a stop 41 provided on the driven member.
  • a stop may suffice in many cases, but several stops may also be provided, and in practice, moreover, two stops arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation have real advantages, as will be clear to humans. of career. Obviously, there is no need to provide excess bu ⁇ tees because the benefit would be zero.
  • the engagement of the element 31 in the element 32 is perfectly suited to a transverse or angular shift of the element 31 relative to to the longitudinal axis of the element 32 as illustrated in FIGS. 13A-13D and 14A-14C, thus facilitating the coupling as well as the decoupling between the drive chain and the driven chain.
  • FIGS. 13A-13D and 14A-14C the engagement of the element 31 in the element 32 is perfectly suited to a transverse or angular shift of the element 31 relative to to the longitudinal axis of the element 32 as illustrated in FIGS. 13A-13D and 14A-14C, thus facilitating the coupling as well as the decoupling between the drive chain and the driven chain.
  • FIGS. 14A to 14C show three angular positions of the element 31 in a longitudinal axial plane of the exemplary notch 33 which is advantageously shaped so as to present two frustoconical pavilions 42 and 43 opening with their large base in the external surface of the element 31.

Abstract

A first coupling element (11; 21; 31) has at least one cut-out (13; 23; 33) with at least one guide face (15; 25; 35) extending obliquely to the direction of rotational force (R) to guide an element (14; 24; 34) integral with the second coupling element (12; 22; 32) to bring the two coupling elements into engagement with each other, and at least one drive face (17; 27; 37) to cooperate with the said element (14; 24; 34) integral with the second coupling element when the two coupling elements are engaged with each other, said drive (17; 27; 37) extending obliquely to the direction of rotational force (R) when turned towards the driven component. The said element (14; 24; 34) integral with the second coupling element cooperates with an external stop component (41) to absorb the reaction force.

Description

DISPOSITIF D'ACCOUPLEMENT MECANIQUE SEPARABLE SEPARABLE MECHANICAL COUPLING DEVICE
L'invention est relative à un dispositif d'accouple¬ ment séparable destiné à transmettre mécaniquement un couple de rotation entre deux organes. Un dispositif de ce genre trouve son application dans de nombreux outils et outillages ainsi que dans le domaine de la robotique.The invention relates to a separable coupling device intended to mechanically transmit a torque between two members. A device of this kind finds its application in numerous tools and tools as well as in the field of robotics.
Un dispositif d'accouplement mécanique comprend tradi¬ tionnellement un' organe mâle se logeant dans un organe femelle et la fixation d'un organe dans l'autre se fait au moyen d'un ergot prévu sur l'un des organes et venant se loger automatiquement dans un orifice prévu dans l'autre organe. L'inconvénient de cet agencement connu est qu'il impose des tolérances dimensionnelles et angulaires très sévères, faute de quoi l'accouple¬ ment mécanique et l'entraînement d'un organe par l'autre sont difficilement réalisables. De plus, les dispositifs séparables connus ont une fâcheuse tendan¬ ce à sauter et à se désengager l'un de l'autre lors- qu'un couple de rotation d'entraînement leur est ap¬ pliqué. Un exemple typique est celui d'un tournevis engagé dans la rainure d'une tête de vis et celui des boulons à tête hexagonale utilisés pour fixer les roues de véhicules automobiles.A mechanical coupling device traditionally comprises a 'male member being housed in a female member and the fixing of one member in the other is done by means of a lug provided on one of the members and coming to be housed automatically in an orifice provided in the other organ. The drawback of this known arrangement is that it imposes very severe dimensional and angular tolerances, failing which the mechanical coupling and the driving of one member by the other are difficult to achieve. In addition, known separable devices have an annoying tendency to jump and disengage from one another when a drive rotation torque is applied to them. A typical example is that of a screwdriver engaged in the groove of a screw head and that of the hexagonal bolts used to fix the wheels of motor vehicles.
On connaît aussi des dispositifs d'accouplement dont l'organe femelle est muni d'une fente en L pour rece¬ voir l'ergot prévu sur l'organe mâle, une branche du L étant parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du dispositif pour permettre l'introduction de l'ergot et la seconde branche du L s'étendant transversalement à la direc¬ tion de la première branche. Ces dispositifs ont éga¬ lement tendance à sauter.Coupling devices are also known, the female member of which is provided with an L-shaped slot for receiving the pin provided on the male member, a branch of the L being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device to allow the introduction of the lug and the second branch of L extending transversely to the direction of the first branch. These devices also tend to jump.
Un autre inconvénient des dispositifs d'accouplement connus est qu'il est pratiquement nécessaire d'intro¬ duire l'organe mâle dans l'organe femelle en mainte¬ nant les deux organes pratiquement dans l'alignement axial l'un de l'autre car toute inclinaison ou tout décalage latéral d'un organe par rapport à l'autre rendent l'engagement difficile voire impossible.Another drawback of known coupling devices is that it is practically necessary to introduce the male member into the female member while maintaining the two members practically in axial alignment with one another. because any inclination or any lateral shift of an organ with respect to the other makes engagement difficult or even impossible.
Lorsque l'on prévoit un moyen de guidage pour éviter le décalage latéral d'un organe par rapport à l'autre pendant l'engagement, on impose malheureusement une contrainte supplémentaire car l'alignement des deux organes l'un par rapport à l'autre doit alors être précis suivant les six degrés de liberté pour que l'accouplement soit réalisé. Cette grande précision qui est nécessaire est en conflit direct avec le jeu nécessaire pour permettre un engagement aisé des deux organes.When a guide means is provided to avoid lateral displacement of one member with respect to the other during engagement, unfortunately, an additional constraint is imposed since the alignment of the two members with respect to the another must then be precise according to the six degrees of freedom for the coupling to be carried out. This great precision which is necessary is in direct conflict with the play necessary to allow easy engagement of the two bodies.
En résumé, avec les dispositifs d'accouplement rota- tifs connus, le problème réside en ceci que ces dispo¬ sitifs ou bien peuvent être aisément assemblés mais ne maintiennent guère un alignement correct des deux or¬ ganes, ou bien ils assurent un alignement correct et stable mais ils sont difficiles à assembler.In summary, with the known rotary coupling devices, the problem lies in that these devices either can be easily assembled but hardly maintain a correct alignment of the two organs, or else they ensure correct alignment and stable but they are difficult to assemble.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier au pro¬ blème évoqué plus haut en proposant un dispositif d'accouplement séparable qui, à la fois, assure un assemblage rigide et stable lorsqu'un couple de rota- tion lui est appliqué, et permet un engagement aisé EP92/00448The present invention aims to remedy the problem mentioned above by proposing a separable coupling device which, at the same time, ensures a rigid and stable assembly when a torque is applied to it, and allows a easy engagement EP92 / 00448
sans contrainte.without restraint.
Cet objectif est atteint, grâce à l'invention, par un dispositif d'accouplement mécanique destiné à trans- mettre un couple de rotation, comprenant deux éléments d'accouplement engagés l'un dans l'autre de manière séparable, remarquable en ce qu'un premier élément d'accouplement présente au moins une échancrure ayant au moins une face de guidage s'étendant obliquement par rapport à la direction du couple de rotation pour guider un élément solidaire du second élément d'accou¬ plement de manière à amener les deux éléments d'accou¬ plement en position engagée l'un dans l'autre, et au moins une face d'entraînement pour coopérer avec ledit élément solidaire du second élément d'accouplement lorsque les deux éléments d'accouplement sont engagés l'un dans l'autre, la face d'entraînement s'étendant obliquement par rapport à la direction du couple de rotation en étant tournée vers l'organe entraîné.This objective is achieved, thanks to the invention, by a mechanical coupling device intended to transmit a torque, comprising two coupling elements engaged in one another in a separable manner, remarkable in that 'a first coupling element has at least one notch having at least one guide face extending obliquely relative to the direction of the torque to guide an element integral with the second coupling element so as to bring the two coupling elements in position engaged one inside the other, and at least one drive face for cooperating with said element integral with the second coupling element when the two coupling elements are engaged one in the other, the drive face extending obliquely to the direction of the torque while being turned towards the driven member.
Les échancrures peuvent être formées soit dans l'élé¬ ment intérieur, soit dans l'élément extérieur. Un as¬ pect important du dispositif d'accouplement selon l'invention est qu'il permet de transmettre un couple de rotation de l'élément intérieur à l'élément exté¬ rieur ou inversement.The notches can be formed either in the inner element or in the outer element. An important aspect of the coupling device according to the invention is that it makes it possible to transmit a torque from the internal element to the external element or vice versa.
Les avantages de l'invention sont les suivants :The advantages of the invention are as follows:
1. L'assemblage des deux éléments d'accouplement est aisé, même avec une inclinaison ou un décalage la¬ téral d'un élément par rapport à l'autre.1. The assembly of the two coupling elements is easy, even with an inclination or a lateral la¬ offset of one element relative to the other.
2. L'assemblage est guidé jusqu'à l'engagement complet d'un élément dans l'autre. 3. Le dispositif assemblé est rigide et reste stable pendant l'application d'un couple de rotation.2. The assembly is guided until the complete engagement of one element in the other. 3. The assembled device is rigid and remains stable during the application of a torque.
4. L'assemblage est insensible aux petites dégrada- tions des éléments qui empêchaient l'engagement correct des éléments dans les dispositifs connus.4. The assembly is insensitive to small degradations of the elements which prevented the correct engagement of the elements in the known devices.
5. Le dispositif peut être monté dans un sens ou dans l'autre puisqu'il permet de connecter l'organe entraîneur aussi bien à l'élément intérieur qu'à l'élément extérieur du dispositif.5. The device can be mounted in one direction or the other since it makes it possible to connect the driving member both to the internal element and to the external element of the device.
6. Le dispositif permet d'accoupler entre eux des or¬ ganes de dimensions différentes.6. The device makes it possible to couple together organs of different dimensions.
7. La séparation des deux éléments d'accouplement est tout aussi aisée que l'assemblage.7. The separation of the two coupling elements is just as easy as assembly.
8. Le dispositif peut être prévu pour un seul sens du couple de rotation avec désengagement automatique en cas d'inversion du couple de rotation, ce qui assure une protection automatique de l'élément en¬ traîné ou de la chaîne aval.8. The device can be provided for a single direction of the torque with automatic disengagement in the event of reversal of the torque, which provides automatic protection of the dragged element or of the downstream chain.
Les aspects particuliers de l'invention apparaîtront avec plus de détails au cours de l'exposé qui suit, dans lequel il est fait référence aux dessins joints.The particular aspects of the invention will appear in more detail during the description which follows, in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings.
Les figures 1 et 2 représentent deux modes d'exécution typiques connus.Figures 1 and 2 show two typical known embodiments.
Les figures 3 et 4 illustrent les forces de réaction qui prennent naissance lors de l'engagement d'un élé¬ ment dans l'autre dans deux cas typiques.Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the reaction forces which arise during the engagement of one element in the other in two typical cases.
FEUILLE DE REMPLACEMENT Les figures 5, 6 et 7 représentent un premier mode de réalisation exemplaire conforme à l'invention : la fi¬ gure 5 montre les deux éléments non engagés l'un dans l'autre, la figure 6 montre le dispositif d'accouple- ment alors que l'un des éléments est au début de son engagement dans l'autre élément, et la figure 7 montre les deux éléments complètement l'un dans l'autre.REPLACEMENT SHEET Figures 5, 6 and 7 show a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention: Figure 5 shows the two elements not engaged one in the other, Figure 6 shows the coupling device while one of the elements is at the start of its engagement in the other element, and Figure 7 shows the two elements completely in one another.
Les figures 8 et 9 représentent un deuxième mode de réalisation exemplaire conforme à l'invention, la fi¬ gure 8 montrant les deux éléments non engagés l'un dans l'autre et la figure 9 montrant le dispositif d'accouplement avec les deux éléments engagés l'un dans l'autre.Figures 8 and 9 show a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention, Figure 8 showing the two elements not engaged in one another and Figure 9 showing the coupling device with the two elements engaged in each other.
Les figures 10A-10D illustrent schématiquement un pro¬ cessus d'engagement d'un élément dans l'autre avec un dispositif d'accouplement selon la figure 8.FIGS. 10A-10D schematically illustrate a process for engaging one element in the other with a coupling device according to FIG. 8.
La figure 11 représente un troisième mode de réalisa¬ tion exemplaire conforme à l'invention, les deux élé¬ ments composant le dispositif n'étant pas engagés l'un dans l'autre.FIG. 11 shows a third exemplary embodiment in accordance with the invention, the two elements making up the device not being engaged in one another.
La figure 12 illustre une application typique exem¬ plaire incorporant un dispositif d'accouplement selon la figure 11, lequel dispositif d'accouplement est montré avec ses deux éléments engagés l'un dans l'au¬ tre.FIG. 12 illustrates a typical example application incorporating a coupling device according to FIG. 11, which coupling device is shown with its two elements engaged one in the other.
Les figures 13A-13D illustrent schématiquement un pro¬ cessus d'engagement d'un élément dans l'autre avec un dispositif d'accouplement selon la figure 11.FIGS. 13A-13D schematically illustrate a process for engaging one element in the other with a coupling device according to FIG. 11.
Les figures 14A-14C sont des vues en coupe montrantFigures 14A-14C are sectional views showing
FEUILLE DE REMPLACEMENT diverses positions relatives des éléments intérieur et extérieur du dispositif d'accouplement selon la figure 11 lorsque ces éléments sont engagés l'un dans l'au¬ tre.REPLACEMENT SHEET various relative positions of the interior and exterior elements of the coupling device according to FIG. 11 when these elements are engaged one in the other.
Avant de décrire quelques modes de réalisation exem¬ plaires, conformes à l'invention, on se reportera aux figures 1 et 2 qui représentent deux dispositifs d'ac¬ couplement connus. Ces dispositifs représentés com- prennent un élément extérieur 1 et un élément inté¬ rieur 2. L'élément extérieur 1 montré dans la figure 1 présente deux fentes 3 en L : la branche verticale s'étend parallèlement à l'axe de rotation I-I du dis¬ positif et la branche horizontale s'étend dans un plan transversal à l'axe de rotation I-I. La branche hori¬ zontale de chaque fente 3 reçoit un ergot 4 solidaire de l'élément intérieur 2 en fin d'engagement. Lors¬ qu'un couple de rotation C se trouve appliqué à la douille 1 par l'élément intérieur 2 qui y est engagé, les ergots 4 agissent sur les faces d'entraînement des fentes 3 et entraînent la douille 1 en rotation. La figure 2 montre une douille 1 qui présente deux enco¬ ches 3 ayant une face de guidage 5 oblique et une face d'entraînement 6. Les ergots 4 de l'élément intérieur 2 agissent sur les faces d'entraînement 6 pour entraî¬ ner la douille 1 en rotation autour de l'axe I-I. Un organe d'arrêt est usuellement prévu sur l'organe en¬ traîné pour coopérer avec un ou chaque ergot 4 afin d'absorber le couple de réaction.Before describing some exemplary embodiments, in accordance with the invention, reference will be made to FIGS. 1 and 2 which represent two known ac¬ coupling devices. These devices shown include an exterior element 1 and an interior element 2. The exterior element 1 shown in FIG. 1 has two slots 3 in L: the vertical branch extends parallel to the axis of rotation II of the device and the horizontal branch extends in a plane transverse to the axis of rotation II. The horizontal hori¬ branch of each slot 3 receives a lug 4 secured to the inner element 2 at the end of engagement. When a torque C is applied to the socket 1 by the internal element 2 which is engaged therein, the pins 4 act on the drive faces of the slots 3 and drive the socket 1 in rotation. Figure 2 shows a socket 1 which has two slots 3 having an oblique guide face 5 and a drive face 6. The lugs 4 of the inner element 2 act on the drive faces 6 to drive the sleeve 1 rotating around the axis II. A stop member is usually provided on the en¬ dragged member to cooperate with one or each lug 4 in order to absorb the reaction torque.
Dans ces deux exemples connus, les faces d'entraîne¬ ment 6 qui idéalement sont parallèles à l'axe de rota¬ tion I-I, ne sont cependant pratiquement presque ja¬ mais exactement perpendiculaire à la direction du couple appliqué C, de sorte que l'action du couple. représenté par la force F exercée par l'ergot 4, produit une force de réaction R qui se décompose en une composante axiale FA et une composante transversa¬ le FT comme illustré à la figure 3. La composante axiale FA a pour effet de repousser l'élément inté¬ rieur 2 hors de la douille 1.In these two known examples, the entrainment faces 6 which ideally are parallel to the axis of rotation II, are however practically almost never but exactly perpendicular to the direction of the applied torque C, so that l action of the couple. represented by the force F exerted by the lug 4, produces a reaction force R which is broken down into an axial component FA and a component transversa¬ the FT as illustrated in FIG. 3. The axial component FA has the effect of repelling the 'inté¬ laughing element 2 outside the sleeve 1.
C'est pour éviter cet effet qui tend à désengager l'élément intérieur d'avec l'élément extérieur qu'est conçue l'invention. Celle-ci propose un dispositif d'accouplement dans lequel les faces d'entraînement sont disposées de manière que le couple de rotation F produise une force de réaction R dont la composante axiale FA s'oppose au désengagement de l'élément inté- rieur d'avec l'élément extérieur (voir figure 4).It is to avoid this effect which tends to disengage the internal element from the external element that the invention is designed. This provides a coupling device in which the drive faces are arranged so that the rotational torque F produces a reaction force R whose axial component FA opposes the disengagement of the internal element d 'with the external element (see figure 4).
Un mode d'exécution exemplaire conforme à l'invention est représenté dans les figures 5 à 7. Dans ce mode d'exécution, l'élément extérieur 11 est destiné à recevoir l'élément intérieur 12. La figure 5 montre les deux éléments avant engagement de l'élément inté¬ rieur 12 dans l'élément extérieur 11, la figure 6 montre l'élément 12 au début dé son engagement dans l'élément 11 et la figure 7 montre les deux éléments après engagement complet l'un dans l'autre. L'élément intérieur 12 est muni de deux chevilles 14 et l'élé¬ ment extérieur 11 comporte deux échancrures 13 ayant une face de guidage 15 oblique par rapport à la direc¬ tion F du couple de rotation pour guider une des chevilles 14 pendant l'engagement (figure 6). Chaque échancrure 13 présente également une face d'entraîne¬ ment 17 pour coopérer avec la cheville 14 correspon¬ dante lorsque l'engagement est complet (figure 7). Chaque face d'entraînement 17 s'étend obliquement par rapport à la direction F du couple de rotation deAn exemplary embodiment in accordance with the invention is shown in Figures 5 to 7. In this embodiment, the outer element 11 is intended to receive the inner element 12. Figure 5 shows the two front elements engagement of the interior element 12 in the exterior element 11, FIG. 6 shows the element 12 at the start of its engagement in the element 11 and FIG. 7 shows the two elements after complete engagement, one in the 'other. The inner element 12 is provided with two pins 14 and the outer element 11 has two notches 13 having a guide face 15 oblique to the direction F of the torque to guide one of the pins 14 during the 'engagement (figure 6). Each notch 13 also has a drive face 17 for cooperating with the corresponding pin 14 when the engagement is complete (FIG. 7). Each drive face 17 extends obliquely to the direction F of the torque of rotation
FEUILLE DE REMPLACEMENT telle manière que cette face soit tournée vers l'orga¬ ne entraîné connecté à l'élément extérieur 21. Sur l'organe entraîné est prévu un organe d'arrêt (non représenté) destiné à coopérer avec la ou chaque che- ville afin d'absorber le couple de réaction.REPLACEMENT SHEET such that this face is turned towards the driven orga¬ connected to the external element 21. On the driven member is provided a stop member (not shown) intended to cooperate with the or each sleeve in order to '' absorb the reaction torque.
Dans ce mode d'exécution conforme à l'invention, la composante axiale de la force de réaction produite par le couple de rotation s'oppose au désengagement de l'élément intérieur 12 d'avec l'élément extérieur 11, ce qui assure une grande sécurité.In this embodiment according to the invention, the axial component of the reaction force produced by the torque opposes the disengagement of the inner element 12 from the outer element 11, which ensures a great security.
Le dispositif d'accouplement représenté à la figure 6 est utile dans tous les cas où le couple de rotation n'est appliqué que dans un sens, car si le couple de rotation était appliqué en sens inverse, l'inclinaison de la face de guidage 15 tournée vers l'organe entraî¬ neur induirait une force de réaction ayant tendance à désengager l'élément intérieur d'avec l'élément exté- rieur.The coupling device shown in Figure 6 is useful in all cases where the torque is applied only in one direction, because if the torque was applied in the opposite direction, the inclination of the guide face 15 facing the entraining member would induce a reaction force which tends to disengage the internal element from the external element.
Les figures 8 et 9 représentent un exemple de modes d'exécution convenant dans les cas où le couple de rotation peut être appliqué dans les deux sens de ro- tation. Le dispositif d'accouplement 20 comprend un élément extérieur 21 destiné à recevoir un élément in¬ térieur 22 muni de deux ergots 24. La figure 7 montre les deux éléments avant engagement de l'élément inté¬ rieur 22 dans l'élément extérieur 21 tandis que la figure 8 montre les deux éléments après engagement complet l'un dans l'autre. L'élément extérieur 21 comporte deux échancrures 23 ayant chacune deux faces de guidage 25 obliques par rapport à la direction du couple de rotation, c'est-à-dire par rapport à l'axe de rotation du dispositif et deux faces d'entraînement PCI7EP92/00448Figures 8 and 9 show an example of embodiments suitable in cases where the torque can be applied in both directions of rotation. The coupling device 20 comprises an external element 21 intended to receive an internal element 22 provided with two lugs 24. FIG. 7 shows the two elements before engagement of the internal element 22 in the external element 21 while that Figure 8 shows the two elements after full engagement with each other. The external element 21 comprises two notches 23 each having two guide faces 25 oblique to the direction of the torque, that is to say relative to the axis of rotation of the device and two drive faces PCI7EP92 / 00448
27 également obliques par rapport à l'axe de rotation et à la direction du couple de rotation, de manière que chacune de ces faces d'entraînement soit tournée vers l'organe entraîné connecté à l'élément extérieur 21. Comme dans l'exemple précédent, un organe d'arrêt (non représenté) est également prévu pour coopérer avec chaque cheville 24 afin d'absorber le couple de réaction. Avec ce mode d'exécution, l'accouplement sûr des éléments 21 et 22 est assuré quel que soit le sens du couple de rotation.27 also oblique with respect to the axis of rotation and to the direction of the torque, so that each of these drive faces faces the driven member connected to the external element 21. As in the example previous, a stop member (not shown) is also provided to cooperate with each pin 24 in order to absorb the reaction torque. With this embodiment, the secure coupling of the elements 21 and 22 is ensured regardless of the direction of the torque.
Un dispositif conforme à l'invention permet l'assem¬ blage aisé des deux éléments même lorsque l'élément intérieur est introduit dans l'élément extérieur avec un décalage latéral ou avec une inclinaison. Ceci est illustré schématiquement dans les figures 10A à 10D qui représentent schématiquement les éléments compo¬ sant le dispositif d'accouplement exemplaire selon la figure 8. L'élément intérieur 22 est montré à la figure 10A avec un décalage latéral exemplaire par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de l'élément 21; la figu¬ re 10B montre le début du guidage d'une cheville 24 le long d'une face de guidage 25;' la figure 10C montre une cheville 24 dans le col séparant les faces de guidage 25 les faces d'entraînement 27 alors que l'élément intérieur 22 se trouve dans une position angulaire inclinée par rapport à l'axe de l'élément extérieur 21; la figure 10D montre une cheville 24 coopérant avec une face d'entraînement 27 vers la fin de l'engagement de l'élément intérieur 22 dans l'élé¬ ment extérieur 21. Dans tous les cas, les chevilles 14 se trouvent guidées par les faces de guidage 15 obli¬ ques et amenées naturellement en coopération avec les faces d'entraînement 17 correspondantes. Un aspect important du dispositif d'accouplement con¬ forme à l'invention est qu'un couple de rotation peut lui être appliqué d'un côté ou de l'autre. Au joint d'accouplement lui-même, la transmission du couple se fait coaxialement et il s'ensuit que la cheville qui communique le moment peut être fixé aussi bien à l'élément intérieur qu'à l'élément extérieur. La figu¬ re 11 représente un mode de réalisation 30 dans lequel les échancrures 33 sont formées dans un élément inté¬ rieur 31 pour venir chevaucher une cheville 34 fixée à l'intérieur d'un élément extérieur 32.A device according to the invention allows easy assembly of the two elements even when the interior element is introduced into the exterior element with a lateral offset or with an inclination. This is illustrated diagrammatically in FIGS. 10A to 10D which schematically represent the elements comprising the exemplary coupling device according to FIG. 8. The internal element 22 is shown in FIG. 10A with an exemplary lateral offset relative to the longitudinal axis of element 21; FIG. 10B shows the start of guiding a pin 24 along a guide face 25; ' Figure 10C shows a pin 24 in the neck separating the guide faces 25 the drive faces 27 while the inner member 22 is in an angular position inclined relative to the axis of the outer member 21; FIG. 10D shows a pin 24 cooperating with a drive face 27 towards the end of the engagement of the internal element 22 in the external element 21. In all cases, the pins 14 are guided by the guide faces 15 obliquely and brought naturally in cooperation with the corresponding drive faces 17. An important aspect of the coupling device in accordance with the invention is that a torque can be applied to it from one side or the other. At the coupling joint itself, the torque is transmitted coaxially and it follows that the pin which communicates the moment can be fixed both to the interior element and to the exterior element. FIG. 11 represents an embodiment 30 in which the notches 33 are formed in an interior element 31 to overlap a pin 34 fixed inside an exterior element 32.
Une application exemplaire de ce dispositif d'accou¬ plement est illustrée à la figure 12. L'élément 31 est fixé sur un arbre 35 d'un moteur 36 monté sur un bâti 37. L'élément 32, quant à lui, est fixé sur palier de roulement à billes 38 solidaire d'un arbre 39 entraî¬ nant une charge quelconque (non représentée). L'accou¬ plement entre le moteur 36 et la chaîne entraînée se fait simplement en abaissant le bâti 37 jusqu'à ce que l'échancrure de l'élément intérieur 31 emboîte la cheville 34 de l'élément extérieur 32 et le moteur 36 peut alors entraîner la charge, le couple moteur étant transmis coaxialement par le dispositif 30. Comme men¬ tionné plus haut, le couple de réaction doit être absorbé et à cet effet, le bâti 37 est muni d'un talon 40 qui coopère avec une butée 41 prévue sur l'organe entraîné. Une butée peut suffire dans nombre de cas mais plusieurs butées peuvent être prévues aussi, et en pratique d'ailleurs deux butées disposées symétri¬ quement par rapport à l'axe de rotation présentent de réels avantages ainsi qu'il sera clair pour l'homme du métier. Il est inutile évidemment de prévoir des bu¬ tées en surnombre car le bénéfice en serait nul. Comme dans les autres modes d'exécution exemplaires conformes à l'invention, l'engagement de l'élément 31 dans l'élément 32 s'accommode parfaitement d'un déca¬ lage transversal ou angulaire de l'élément 31 par rap- port à l'axe longitudinal de l'élément 32 ainsi que l'illustrent les figures 13A-13D et 14A-14C, facili¬ tant de la sorte l'accouplement ainsi que le découple- ment entre la chaîne motrice et la chaîne entraînée. Les figures 13A à 13D montrent l'engagement de l'élément 31 dans l'élément 32 avec un décalage trans¬ versal et un décalage angulaire dans un plan axial transversal de l'échancrure 33. Les figures 14A à 14C montrent trois positions angulaires de l'élément 31 dans un plan axial longitudinal de l'échancrure exem- plaire 33 qui est avantageusement conformé de manière à présenter deux pavillons tronconiques 42 et 43 s'ou¬ vrant par leur grande base dans la surface extérieure de l'élément 31. An exemplary application of this coupling device is illustrated in FIG. 12. The element 31 is fixed on a shaft 35 of an engine 36 mounted on a frame 37. The element 32, for its part, is fixed on ball bearing 38 secured to a shaft 39 driving any load (not shown). The coupling between the motor 36 and the driven chain is done simply by lowering the frame 37 until the notch of the internal element 31 fits the pin 34 of the external element 32 and the motor 36 can then drive the load, the motor torque being transmitted coaxially by the device 30. As mentioned above, the reaction torque must be absorbed and for this purpose, the frame 37 is provided with a heel 40 which cooperates with a stop 41 provided on the driven member. A stop may suffice in many cases, but several stops may also be provided, and in practice, moreover, two stops arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation have real advantages, as will be clear to humans. of career. Obviously, there is no need to provide excess bu¬ tees because the benefit would be zero. As in the other exemplary embodiments in accordance with the invention, the engagement of the element 31 in the element 32 is perfectly suited to a transverse or angular shift of the element 31 relative to to the longitudinal axis of the element 32 as illustrated in FIGS. 13A-13D and 14A-14C, thus facilitating the coupling as well as the decoupling between the drive chain and the driven chain. FIGS. 13A to 13D show the engagement of the element 31 in the element 32 with a transverse offset and an angular offset in a transverse axial plane of the notch 33. FIGS. 14A to 14C show three angular positions of the element 31 in a longitudinal axial plane of the exemplary notch 33 which is advantageously shaped so as to present two frustoconical pavilions 42 and 43 opening with their large base in the external surface of the element 31.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif d'accouplement mécanique destiné à transmettre un couple de rotation (R), comprenant deux éléments d'accouplement (11, 12; 21, 22; 31, 32) enga¬ gés l'un dans l'autre de manière sêparable, caractérisé en ce qu'un premier élément d'accouplement (11; 21; 31) présente au moins une échancrure (13; 23; 33) ayant au moins une face de guidage (15; 25; 35) s'étendant obliquement par rapport à la direction du couple de rotation (R) pour guider un élément (14; 24; 34) solidaire du second élément d'accouplement (12; 22; 32) de manière à amener les deux éléments d'accou¬ plement en position engagée l'un dans l'autre, et au moins une face d'entraînement (17; 27; 37) pour coopé¬ rer avec ledit élément (14; 24; 34) solidaire du second élément d'accouplement lorsque les deux élé¬ ments d'accouplement sont engagés l'un dans l'autre, la face d'entraînement (17; 27; 37) s'étendant obli¬ quement par rapport à la direction du couple de rota¬ tion (R) en étant tournée vers l'organe entraîné, etι en ce que ledit élément (14; 24; 34) solidaire du se¬ cond élément d'accouplement coopère avec un organe d'arrêt extérieur (41) pour absorber le couple de réaction.1. Mechanical coupling device intended to transmit a torque (R), comprising two coupling elements (11, 12; 21, 22; 31, 32) engaged in one another in a separable manner , characterized in that a first coupling element (11; 21; 31) has at least one notch (13; 23; 33) having at least one guide face (15; 25; 35) extending obliquely by relative to the direction of the torque (R) to guide an element (14; 24; 34) integral with the second coupling element (12; 22; 32) so as to bring the two coupling elements into position engaged one in the other, and at least one drive face (17; 27; 37) to cooperate with said element (14; 24; 34) integral with the second coupling element when the two elements are coupling elements are engaged one inside the other, the drive face (17; 27; 37) extending obliquely relative to the direction of the torque (R) by being turned towards the driven member, and in that said element (14; 24; 34) integral with the se¬ cond coupling element cooperates with an external stop member (41) to absorb the reaction torque.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque échancrure (13; 23) présente une face d'entraînement (17; 27; 37) pratiquement parallèle à la face de guidage (15; 25; 35) correspondante.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each notch (13; 23) has a drive face (17; 27; 37) practically parallel to the corresponding guide face (15; 25; 35).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque échancrure (13; 23; 33) présente deux faces de guidage (15; 25; 35) et deux faces d'entraî¬ nement (17; 27; 37) pratiquement symétriques. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each notch (13; 23; 33) has two guide faces (15; 25; 35) and two drive faces (17; 27; 37) practically symmetrical .
4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendica¬ tions précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les échancru¬ res (13; 23) sont formées dans l'élément extérieur.4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resins (13; 23) are formed in the external element.
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendica¬ tions 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les échancrures (33) sont formées dans l'élément intérieur (31), les- dites échancrures venant chevaucher une cheville ( 34 ) fixée à l'intérieur de l'élément extérieur (32).5. Device according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the notches (33) are formed in the internal element (31), the said notches overlapping a dowel (34) fixed to the interior of the exterior element (32).
FEUILLE DE REMPLACEMENT REPLACEMENT SHEET
PCT/EP1992/000448 1991-03-05 1992-03-05 Separable mechanical coupling device WO1992015796A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR91/02593 1991-03-05
FR9102593A FR2673691A1 (en) 1991-03-05 1991-03-05 SEPARABLE MECHANICAL COUPLING DEVICE.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992015796A1 true WO1992015796A1 (en) 1992-09-17

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ID=9410333

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1992/000448 WO1992015796A1 (en) 1991-03-05 1992-03-05 Separable mechanical coupling device

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FR (1) FR2673691A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992015796A1 (en)

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GB2272270A (en) * 1992-11-10 1994-05-11 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Device for supporting and driving a conveying roller of a roller kiln
EP1248177A1 (en) * 2001-04-05 2002-10-09 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Fitting structure for knobs
DE102014218094A1 (en) * 2014-09-10 2016-03-10 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Steering a motor vehicle and intermediate shaft for installation in such a steering

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DE19621301A1 (en) * 1996-05-28 1997-12-04 Vorwerk Co Interholding Motorized brushing device
DE102016207246B3 (en) * 2016-04-28 2017-05-18 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH COUPLING FOR THE SOLVENT CONNECTION OF TWO WAVES

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FR1516941A (en) * 1967-01-19 1968-02-05 Commissariat Energie Atomique Easily removable plate-rotating machine shaft assembly
FR2340135A1 (en) * 1976-02-07 1977-09-02 Fisons Ltd DISCOUPABLE FIXING DEVICE FOR CENTRIFUGATION UNIT
GB2094122A (en) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-15 Massey Ferguson Perkins Ltd Agricultural drills
EP0334704A1 (en) * 1988-03-14 1989-09-27 Ecia - Equipements Et Composants Pour L'industrie Automobile Improved quick-release bayonet coupling

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2521289A (en) * 1946-06-03 1950-09-05 Transmission & Gear Company Coupling
US2572280A (en) * 1946-11-26 1951-10-23 Phipps Orville Drill stock power drive coupling
US2687024A (en) * 1950-11-21 1954-08-24 Fmc Corp Ball and scoket joint construction
GB920954A (en) * 1960-05-19 1963-03-13 Albert Stulz A releasable coupling
FR1516941A (en) * 1967-01-19 1968-02-05 Commissariat Energie Atomique Easily removable plate-rotating machine shaft assembly
FR2340135A1 (en) * 1976-02-07 1977-09-02 Fisons Ltd DISCOUPABLE FIXING DEVICE FOR CENTRIFUGATION UNIT
GB2094122A (en) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-15 Massey Ferguson Perkins Ltd Agricultural drills
EP0334704A1 (en) * 1988-03-14 1989-09-27 Ecia - Equipements Et Composants Pour L'industrie Automobile Improved quick-release bayonet coupling

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2272270A (en) * 1992-11-10 1994-05-11 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Device for supporting and driving a conveying roller of a roller kiln
GB2272270B (en) * 1992-11-10 1995-06-07 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Supporting a conveying roller of a roller kiln
EP1248177A1 (en) * 2001-04-05 2002-10-09 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Fitting structure for knobs
US6709188B2 (en) 2001-04-05 2004-03-23 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Fitting structure for knobs
DE102014218094A1 (en) * 2014-09-10 2016-03-10 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Steering a motor vehicle and intermediate shaft for installation in such a steering

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