WO1993015473A2 - Fingerprint identification system - Google Patents
Fingerprint identification system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993015473A2 WO1993015473A2 PCT/KP1992/000001 KP9200001W WO9315473A2 WO 1993015473 A2 WO1993015473 A2 WO 1993015473A2 KP 9200001 W KP9200001 W KP 9200001W WO 9315473 A2 WO9315473 A2 WO 9315473A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- minutiae
- data
- identification
- data input
- input device
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/32—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
- G07C9/37—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method and device for identifying fingerprints.
- the minutiae of fingerprints like a branch, end and so on are extracted through steps of inputting the fingerprint image by means of a single purpose processor, filtrating.binarying, thinning. retrieval correction by expert and the other. and search fingerprint (FP) and fi le fingerprint are matched by using identification parameters like X-Y
- the prior system has a low accuracy of identification for fingerprint of low quality or special pattern.
- identification ability of specialists can be displayed to the maximum. thus raising the accuracy and speed.
- the identification parameters of FP is entered directly with high accuracy and speed by means of key control board.
- the FP pattern classification, finger No., core, direction, minutiae position etc. are so arranged that the knowledge of expert may be reflected to the maximum.
- the FP data entered by FP data input device is directly encoded without special pretreating process and not passing the correction stage, and stored in file FP memory and matched with search FP.
- Identification parameters such as FP pattern, number of finger, specific region information, rotation angle, core point, direction, position of minutiae point, attribute etc. are exactly entered by means of FP data input device(50, 51).
- FP data can be entered in parallel by connecting FP data input device with bus bar network, and the controller(70, 71) can collect the primary FP data entered by FP data input device to update and supplement the file FP data base at any time.
- the FP matching device(91, 92) allows to match, in close cooperation with the experts, the identification parameters of search FP entered by FP data input device(50, 51) with those of file FP.
- the rotation of coordination system, the pairing of corresponding minutiae and evaluation of score are carried out in order to decide the best matching.
- a classification by clustering is carried out in the 10 fingers FP system for personal verification, thus raising the search speed.
- Figure 1 shows a block diagram of FP identification system.
- Figure 2 shows a block diagram of input subsystem.
- Figure 3 shows a block diagram of FP data input device.
- Figure 4 shows a optical input device .
- FP identification system is composed of classification terminal system and identification principal system (fig. 1).
- the identification host system is composed of input subsystem and matching subsystem.
- a classification terminal system is composed of FP collector (93) and several input subsystems.
- Input subsystem is composed of FP data input device, collect-or, external memory and display device (fig. 2).
- FP data input device(501) is composed of FP minutiae sensor, FP card automatic feeder, FP image filtration and expansion- projection part, expert interface, FP image input device, controller
- FP image filtration and expansion-projection part process a FP image in optical way to provide a FP data very exactly.
- Expansion-projection part(604) is composed of projection screen consisting of projection lens, prism, reflector, frosted glass, and illumination unit and ventilator.
- Magnification of optical system is 6.7 folds.
- the reflector is made of a glass whose surface is coated with an aluminium vapour deposition.
- Projection screen is made of a frosted class whose one side was subjected to a sand blast.
- 100w hrlogen lamp is used for illumination.
- a FP minutiae sensor(601) automatically measures the minutiae position of the FP in close connection with the expert.
- Each encoder consists of a movable vernier (glass scale), a fixed leveling rod, two infrared ray luminescent elements and a pair of sensors for converting a displacement into pulse.
- the displacement is converted into a row of pulse by micro leading scale of movable vernier and two infrared rays luminescent elementssensors. and the moving direction is determined by the phase difference pulse emitting from two sensors.
- a reversible counter performs addition and subtraction by moving directions and a row of pulse, and the output value of the reversible counter represents precisely the displacement value.
- the encoder is furnished with a pair of infrared rays luminescent diodesensor respectively in the central position of x and y so as to be initialized.
- the Fp image reader(603) converts a FP into a multilevel digitalized image data to be sent to a controller.
- the resolution of FP image data put in from above-mentiond device is 640 ⁇ 480 and its gray (concentration) is a level of G4.
- FP card automatic feeder ensures an automat ic feed of FP card according to the operation of an expert.
- FP card automatic feeder(602) is composed of two smal l pulse motors, 'nit put controllers, two reciprocating carriages, FP card fixing table along the directions x, y.
- the control pulse is generated at the controller of input subsystem ami then sent in.
- the expert interface(606) consists of H vernier moving device, a FP projection screen and a keyboard.
- Roller bearings are fixed in the vertical and horizontal direct ions of the vernier moving device and balance-weight in a vertical direction, thus eliminating vibrat ion and gap and ensur ing a smooth and precise displacement .
- the expert directlv puts in the tvpe of FP(t). number of a finger(n), direction of FP(d), position of FP miniit iae(x, y) and an attribute(a) etc.
- the expert can put in prec ⁇ sel ⁇ arid quickly the FP identification parameters in an interactive way through image data of input subsystem.
- the FP image entered by FP image input device(603) is subject to filtration and binarying and then displayed on the screen of a controller.
- n number of finger (0-9)
- the minutiae of fingerprint is encoded by the polar radiuce li, polar angle di, number of ridge from polar point to Mi (ri) in the polar coordinate system having its attribute ai and polar point Oc as auoriginal point, i.e.
- the control and processing device (72-81) collect the FP identification data classified through linking unit to form a primary FP file (3) and send the latter together with FP image data entered through FP image reading device
- the expert defines the type of FP. number of a finger
- Tl,Td,Tr represent threshold values
- Td is a dynamic threshold value changing according to polar radiuse
- Table 1 shows the matched search FP and file FP.
- Table 1 shows file minutiae proximate to search minutiae, assuming that the number of possible pairs of search minutiae and file minutiae (Si,Fj) most proximate thereto is N (for example S1.F12) on the table 2, we can form N match lists for each pair.
- Table 3 represents a initial match list for match pair (S1.F12), (S1,F1).
- Table 4 represents a final match list for initial match list. In this way match lists are prepared for all the possible match pairs.
- Scores are evaluated for each match list. If the score for each minutiae pair is obtained the order of the corresponding files minutiae in table 2 is arranged in the order of big score for match list, but not according to the distance.
- Table 5 shows the pairs of minutiae corresponding to the score.
- Tiotal match score is represented as a sum of match score of each match pair.
- the best matching data is those input data corresponding to the highest score among the matching scores with regard to the type of FP. number of a finger, core point, each ro tation of polar coordinate system within the scope of ⁇ 12 degree ⁇ ⁇
- the FP identification system is backed with single purpose FP identification data base which detects case FP and personal data, renders services for view, statistics, correction, deleting, inspection, storage etc, and incorporates FP data and personal data.
- the program system of this invention is so arranged as to be used conveniently for identification of criminals in the Legislative organs and for identification of persons in the banking institutions by means of FP.
- a system as claimed in Claim 2 characterized in that it is installed so as to more precisely and smoothly the sliding device with vernier attached having 2 degrees of freedom.
- FP minutiae position sensor is linked to the sliding device.
Abstract
Fingerprint (FP) data are collected to collector (93) with best identification parameters (t, n, a, l, d, r, e) through FP data input device (52-61) in close cooperation with expert. FP data are checked, arranged in good order in a collector and stored in memory device (94, 95). Search FP is entered by FP data input device (50, 51) and matched with file FP (94, 95) at the matching device (91, 92).
Description
FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
Background of the invention
This invention relates to a method and device for identifying fingerprints.
In conventional system, the minutiae of fingerprints like a branch, end and so on are extracted through steps of inputting the fingerprint image by means of a single purpose processor, filtrating.binarying, thinning. retrieval correction by expert and the other. and search fingerprint (FP) and fi le fingerprint are matched by using identification parameters like X-Y
coordinates of a minut iae. its direction. concentration, relation and so on.
As the conventional system requires very high quality of fingerprint entered, and many identification parameters are employed for matching, so configuration of device becomes complicated and expensive.
The prior system has a low accuracy of identification for fingerprint of low quality or special pattern.
In this invention an optimum ident i fication parameters are. defined and the system was so arranged that FP features
identification ability of specialists can be displayed to the maximum. thus raising the accuracy and speed.
In the FP data input devioe(52-61 ), in close contact with experts in parallel , the identification parameters of FP is entered directly with high accuracy and speed by means of key control board.
In this cheap FP data input device the FP pattern classification, finger No., core, direction, minutiae position etc. are so arranged that the knowledge of expert may be reflected to the maximum.
The FP data entered by FP data input device is directly encoded without special pretreating process and not passing the correction stage, and stored in file FP memory and matched with search FP.
By using the FP identification system made up according to this invention, 3 millions of FP of 300 thousands persons have been classified and stored in the course of 5 months and the result of searching and examininsr the uncleaned or overlapped or partial FP shows that all the FP have been correctly detected as the first candidates.
Summary of the Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and device for creating a single purpose FP data base useful for crime detection or banking business etc. while reducing the cost of device and raising the accuracy and speed of matching the search fingerprint with file FP.
Identification parameters such as FP pattern, number of finger, specific region information, rotation angle, core point, direction, position of minutiae point, attribute etc. are exactly entered by means of FP data input device(50, 51).
As is seen in figure 1, plenty of FP data can be entered in parallel by connecting FP data input device with bus bar network, and the controller(70, 71) can collect the primary FP data entered by FP data input device to update and supplement
the file FP data base at any time.
The FP matching device(91, 92) allows to match, in close cooperation with the experts, the identification parameters of search FP entered by FP data input device(50, 51) with those of file FP.
The rotation of coordination system, the pairing of corresponding minutiae and evaluation of score are carried out in order to decide the best matching.
A classification by clustering is carried out in the 10 fingers FP system for personal verification, thus raising the search speed.
Brief Description of Drawings
Figure 1 shows a block diagram of FP identification system. Figure 2 shows a block diagram of input subsystem.
Figure 3 shows a block diagram of FP data input device.
Figure 4 shows a optical input device .
Detailed Discription of the Invention
FP identification system is composed of classification terminal system and identification principal system (fig. 1).
The identification host system is composed of input subsystem and matching subsystem.
A classification terminal system is composed of FP collector (93) and several input subsystems.
Input subsystem is composed of FP data input device, collect-or, external memory and display device (fig. 2).
FP data input device(501) is composed of FP minutiae sensor, FP card automatic feeder, FP image filtration and expansion-
projection part, expert interface, FP image input device, controller
FP image filtration and expansion-projection part process a FP image in optical way to provide a FP data very exactly.
Expansion-projection part(604) is composed of projection screen consisting of projection lens, prism, reflector, frosted glass, and illumination unit and ventilator.
Magnification of optical system is 6.7 folds.
The reflector is made of a glass whose surface is coated with an aluminium vapour deposition.
Projection screen is made of a frosted class whose one side was subjected to a sand blast.
100w hrlogen lamp is used for illumination.
There is a ventilator to entracl the heat generating from illumination.
A FP minutiae sensor(601) automatically measures the minutiae position of the FP in close connection with the expert.
It consists of two linear encoder (x, y directions).
Each encoder consists of a movable vernier (glass scale), a fixed leveling rod, two infrared ray luminescent elements and a pair of sensors for converting a displacement into pulse.
The displacement is converted into a row of pulse by micro leading scale of movable vernier and two infrared rays luminescent elementssensors. and the moving direction is determined by the phase difference pulse emitting from two sensors.
A reversible counter performs addition and subtraction by moving directions and a row of pulse, and the output value of the reversible counter represents precisely the displacement value.
In order to eliminate the cumulative error the encoder is furnished with a pair of infrared rays luminescent diodesensor respectively in the central position of x and y so as to be initialized.
The Fp image reader(603) converts a FP into a multilevel digitalized image data to be sent to a controller.
The resolution of FP image data put in from above-mentiond device is 640 × 480 and its gray (concentration) is a level of G4.
FP card automatic feeder ensures an automat ic feed of FP card according to the operation of an expert.
FP card automatic feeder(602) is composed of two smal l pulse motors, 'nit put controllers, two reciprocating carriages, FP card fixing table along the directions x, y.
y The control pulse is generated at the controller of input subsystem ami then sent in.
The expert interface(606) consists of H vernier moving device, a FP projection screen and a keyboard.
Roller bearings are fixed in the vertical and horizontal direct ions of the vernier moving device and balance-weight in a vertical direction, thus eliminating vibrat ion and gap and ensur ing a smooth and precise displacement .
The expert directlv puts in the tvpe of FP(t). number of a finger(n), direction of FP(d), position of FP miniit iae(x, y) and an attribute(a) etc.
Then the expert can put in precιsel\ arid quickly the FP identification parameters in an interactive way through image data of input subsystem.
The FP image entered by FP image input device(603) is subject
to filtration and binarying and then displayed on the screen of a controller.
The FP data entered is characterized in the following identification parameters:
F(t, n. a,l, d, r, ss ) (1)
t: type of FP (1-27)
n: number of finger (0-9)
a: attribute of minutiae
(starting, ending)
l: polar radius (1-120)
d: polar angle (1-3G0)
r: number of ridge (0-23)
s: specifyed region (1-45)
Mi. the minutiae of fingerprint is encoded by the polar radiuce li, polar angle di, number of ridge from polar point to Mi (ri) in the polar coordinate system having its attribute ai and polar point Oc as auoriginal point, i.e.
Mi(ai, li. di, ri) (2)
After all.search and file FP are characterized in a minutiae collection
M={Mi(ai,li,di,ri)li=l,n] (3)
The controller of input subsystem (27-81)
conducts general control over the above mentioned device.
The control and processing device (72-81) collect the FP identification data classified through linking unit to form a primary FP file (3) and send the latter together
with FP image data entered through FP image reading device
to FP collection.
Identification principal system arranges in good order
the primary FP data base.
The input subsystem of identification principal system
exactly puts in the FP identification parameters by expert
with regard to partial FP or a FP of low quality.
The expert defines the type of FP. number of a finger,
core point, position and attribute, direction of minutiae etc.
through FP image entered by input device.
The matching device (91,92) of a identification principal
system decides degree of response of pair of minutiae which
gives the best score with regard to a type of FP, number of
a finger ratio of expansion and reduction of image, setting
of core point, transformation(rotation) of coordinate system.
Once the type of FP, number of a finger, expans ion and reduction ratio of an image, core point are defined, we can set the
specific region of search FP, while rotating the polar coordinate system at the step Δθ , and find out all file
FP satisfying the condition of formular (4) with regard to
the file FP having minutia number less than in the region
corresponding to file FP.
Δ lij= | li-lj | ≤Tl
Δdij= | di-dj | ≤Td
(4)
Δaij= | ai-aj | = 0
Δrij= | ri-rj I ≤ Tr
where Tl,Td,Tr represent threshold values,
Td is a dynamic threshold value changing according to polar radiuse By going through above-mentioned process, we can reduce
considerably the number of candidates of file FP matched with search FP.
We seek file candidates which is best matched with the selected finite candidates through paring of minutiae and evaluation of scores.
Table 1 shows the matched search FP and file FP.
Table 1 shows file minutiae proximate to search minutiae, assuming that the number of possible pairs of search minutiae and file minutiae (Si,Fj) most proximate thereto is N (for example S1.F12) on the table 2, we can form N match lists for each pair.
Table 3 represents a initial match list for match pair (S1.F12), (S1,F1).
Table 4 represents a final match list for initial match list. In this way match lists are prepared for all the possible match pairs.
Scores are evaluated for each match list. If the score for each minutiae pair is obtained the order of the corresponding files minutiae in table 2 is arranged in the order of big score for match list, but not according to the distance.
Table 5 shows the pairs of minutiae corresponding to the score.
The most right column represents finally matching pairs.
Tiotal match score is represented as a sum of match score of each match pair.
The best matching data is those input data corresponding to the highest score among the matching scores with regard to the type of FP. number of a finger, core point, each ro
tation of polar coordinate system within the scope of ±12 degree Δ θ
The FP identification system is backed with single purpose FP identification data base which detects case FP and personal data, renders services for view, statistics, correction, deleting, inspection, storage etc, and incorporates FP data and personal data.
The program system of this invention is so arranged as to be used conveniently for identification of criminals in the Legislative organs and for identification of persons in the banking institutions by means of FP.
Claims
1. A fingerprint identification system characterized in that it is constituted so as to input the FP data
simultaneously by means of several input subsystems.
2. A system as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the FP data input device is constituted so as to ensure FP minutiae identification ability of expert to the maximum.
3. A system as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that it is installed so as to more precisely and smoothly the sliding device with vernier attached having 2 degrees of freedom.
4. A system as claimed in Claim 2. charaterized in that
FP minutiae position sensor is linked to the sliding device.
5. A system as claimed in Claim 2. characterized in that the keyboard for FP data input is linked with the vernier sliding device.
6. A system as claimed in Claim 2. characterized in that
Claims
controller is provided to ensure the automatic feed of FP card.
7. A system as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that a control keyboard is directly installed in a FP data input devi ce.
8. A system as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that
FP minutiae positions are detected hy means of pulse received from encoder and FP minutiae positions counter circuit is introduced to prevent the misoperation.
9. A system as claimed in Claim 2. charaterized in that two direction linking dioά circuit is introduced in linking line between FP data input device and controller to overcome current leakage.
10. A method of defining afresh the FP identification parameters in the best mode.
11. A method as claimed in Claim 10, characterized in that the type of FP is classified into 27 classes basically.
12. A method as claimed in Claim 10, characterized in that the minutiae positions are defined by starting point and end position.
13. A method as claimed in Claim 10, characterized in that specified regional data of FP are used as the FP identification parameters.
14. A method as claimed in Claim 10, characterized in that a polar coordinate system is introduced for the encoding of FP.
15. A method for the rea liaat ion o f clustering in the 10 dimensions space by applying weight according to the type of FP in the 10 finger FP identification system
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KP92045 | 1992-01-25 | ||
| KP4592 | 1992-01-25 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993015473A2 true WO1993015473A2 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
| WO1993015473A3 WO1993015473A3 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
Family
ID=19198157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KP1992/000001 WO1993015473A2 (en) | 1992-01-25 | 1992-12-24 | Fingerprint identification system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO1993015473A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0862131A2 (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 1998-09-02 | Nec Corporation | A stripe pattern matching system |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4151512A (en) * | 1976-09-10 | 1979-04-24 | Rockwell International Corporation | Automatic pattern processing system |
| SU739573A1 (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1980-06-05 | За витель | Device for identification of objects |
| US4388716A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1983-06-14 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Two-way transmission system |
| JPS6215905B2 (en) * | 1981-04-29 | 1987-04-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | |
| DE3622008C1 (en) * | 1986-07-01 | 1987-12-10 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | Microfilm reading and re-enlarging device with a transport device for a microfilm stage |
| JPS6313226B2 (en) * | 1979-08-02 | 1988-03-24 | Nippon Electric Co | |
| JPS6334508B2 (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1988-07-11 | Nippon Electric Co | |
| US4792226A (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-12-20 | C.F.A. Technologies, Inc. | Optical fingerprinting system |
| US4817183A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1989-03-28 | Sparrow Malcolm K | Fingerprint recognition and retrieval system |
| EP0361989A2 (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-04-04 | Data Card Japan Limited | Card trunk system |
-
1992
- 1992-12-24 WO PCT/KP1992/000001 patent/WO1993015473A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU739573A1 (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1980-06-05 | За витель | Device for identification of objects |
| US4151512A (en) * | 1976-09-10 | 1979-04-24 | Rockwell International Corporation | Automatic pattern processing system |
| JPS6313226B2 (en) * | 1979-08-02 | 1988-03-24 | Nippon Electric Co | |
| US4388716A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1983-06-14 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Two-way transmission system |
| JPS6215905B2 (en) * | 1981-04-29 | 1987-04-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | |
| JPS6334508B2 (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1988-07-11 | Nippon Electric Co | |
| US4817183A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1989-03-28 | Sparrow Malcolm K | Fingerprint recognition and retrieval system |
| DE3622008C1 (en) * | 1986-07-01 | 1987-12-10 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | Microfilm reading and re-enlarging device with a transport device for a microfilm stage |
| US4792226A (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-12-20 | C.F.A. Technologies, Inc. | Optical fingerprinting system |
| EP0361989A2 (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-04-04 | Data Card Japan Limited | Card trunk system |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0862131A2 (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 1998-09-02 | Nec Corporation | A stripe pattern matching system |
| EP0862131A3 (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 1999-11-24 | Nec Corporation | A stripe pattern matching system |
| SG81223A1 (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 2001-06-19 | Nec Corp | A stripe pattern matching system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0583431A2 (en) | 1994-02-23 |
| WO1993015473A3 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
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