WO1993020488A3 - Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units - Google Patents

Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993020488A3
WO1993020488A3 PCT/US1993/002253 US9302253W WO9320488A3 WO 1993020488 A3 WO1993020488 A3 WO 1993020488A3 US 9302253 W US9302253 W US 9302253W WO 9320488 A3 WO9320488 A3 WO 9320488A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
redundant
process control
computer units
control interface
field
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1993/002253
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1993020488A2 (en
Inventor
Robert S Glaser
Robert S Hoy
G Paul Fernandez
Timothy J Grai
Dean W Gaudreau
Robert J Hozeska
Donald J Grinwis
Gregory J Gavit
Joseph Sheehan Jr
Lowell V Thomas
Original Assignee
Dow Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Chemical Co filed Critical Dow Chemical Co
Priority to EP93908318A priority Critical patent/EP0631673B1/en
Priority to KR1019940703353A priority patent/KR100322462B1/en
Priority to JP5517460A priority patent/JPH07507889A/en
Priority to DE69322626T priority patent/DE69322626T2/en
Publication of WO1993020488A2 publication Critical patent/WO1993020488A2/en
Publication of WO1993020488A3 publication Critical patent/WO1993020488A3/en
Priority to HK98112492A priority patent/HK1011427A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02Electric testing or monitoring
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423Input/output
    • G05B19/0425Safety, monitoring
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B9/00Safety arrangements
    • G05B9/02Safety arrangements electric
    • G05B9/03Safety arrangements electric with multiple-channel loop, i.e. redundant control systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/10Plc systems
    • G05B2219/14Plc safety
    • G05B2219/14123Majority voting, dynamic redundant, persistency and integrity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24184Redundant I-O, software comparison of both channels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24187Redundant processors run identical programs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24189Redundant processors monitor same point, common parameters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24192Configurable redundancy
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25428Field device

Abstract

A process control interface system (10) having a network of distributed triply redundant input/output field computer units (12). The system includes a plurality of self-contained remotely located triply redundant field computer units (12) connected to decision making redundant process control computers (14) through a bi-directional communication network having at least two concurrently active communication channels (46, 48). Each of the field computer units include a set of at least three redundant field computers (92, 94, 96) for arbitrating both input and output signals. The field computer units also include individual abort circuits (510, 606) for each output signal to be transmitted to a device (84, 86) which affects the operation of the physical process. These abort circuits effectively enforce the output value signals arbitrated independently through each of the three redundant field computers using a voting procedure.
PCT/US1993/002253 1992-03-31 1993-03-15 Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units WO1993020488A2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93908318A EP0631673B1 (en) 1992-03-31 1993-03-15 Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
KR1019940703353A KR100322462B1 (en) 1992-03-31 1993-03-15 A field computer unit having at least three redundant computers of one set, a process control system coupled to the field computer unit, and a method of controlling them
JP5517460A JPH07507889A (en) 1992-03-31 1993-03-15 Process control interface system with triple redundant remote field devices
DE69322626T DE69322626T2 (en) 1992-03-31 1993-03-15 INTERFACE FOR A PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM WITH TRIPLE REDUNDANTED FIELD UNITS
HK98112492A HK1011427A1 (en) 1992-03-31 1998-11-30 Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/864,931 1992-03-31
US07/864,931 US5428769A (en) 1992-03-31 1992-03-31 Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993020488A2 WO1993020488A2 (en) 1993-10-14
WO1993020488A3 true WO1993020488A3 (en) 1994-03-31

Family

ID=25344354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1993/002253 WO1993020488A2 (en) 1992-03-31 1993-03-15 Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (4) US5428769A (en)
EP (4) EP1300735A2 (en)
JP (1) JPH07507889A (en)
KR (2) KR100322462B1 (en)
AU (1) AU3918393A (en)
CA (1) CA2131156A1 (en)
DE (2) DE69322626T2 (en)
ES (2) ES2128424T3 (en)
HK (2) HK1011427A1 (en)
MX (1) MX9301799A (en)
SG (1) SG55081A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1993020488A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (106)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU4400893A (en) * 1992-06-12 1994-01-04 Dow Chemical Company, The Stealth interface for process control computers
WO1994011820A1 (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-05-26 University Of Newcastle Upon Tyne Efficient schemes for constructing reliable computing nodes in distributed systems
US5666129A (en) * 1994-07-06 1997-09-09 Level One Communications, Inc. Electrical display elements for displaying multiple different conditions
EP0742498A3 (en) * 1995-05-11 1998-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Implementation of a single channel code program in a system with a two-channel safety-oriented structure
EP0825506B1 (en) 1996-08-20 2013-03-06 Invensys Systems, Inc. Methods and apparatus for remote process control
US6381506B1 (en) 1996-11-27 2002-04-30 Victor Grappone Fail-safe microprocessor-based control and monitoring of electrical devices
US6070250A (en) * 1996-12-13 2000-05-30 Westinghouse Process Control, Inc. Workstation-based distributed process control system
SE9702176L (en) 1997-06-06 1998-12-07 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M A hardware design for majority elections, as well as testing and maintenance of majority elections
US6216051B1 (en) * 1998-05-04 2001-04-10 Nec Electronics, Inc. Manufacturing backup system
US6748451B2 (en) 1998-05-26 2004-06-08 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Distributed computing environment using real-time scheduling logic and time deterministic architecture
US6383237B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-05-07 Deborah A. Langer Process and apparatus for making aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions, and aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions
US6368366B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-04-09 The Lubrizol Corporation Process and apparatus for making aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions, and aqueous hydrocarbon fuel composition
US6368367B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-04-09 The Lubrizol Corporation Process and apparatus for making aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions, and aqueous hydrocarbon fuel composition
US6647301B1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2003-11-11 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Process control system with integrated safety control system
US7089530B1 (en) 1999-05-17 2006-08-08 Invensys Systems, Inc. Process control configuration system with connection validation and configuration
WO2000070531A2 (en) 1999-05-17 2000-11-23 The Foxboro Company Methods and apparatus for control configuration
US6788980B1 (en) 1999-06-11 2004-09-07 Invensys Systems, Inc. Methods and apparatus for control using control devices that provide a virtual machine environment and that communicate via an IP network
US6522934B1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2003-02-18 Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. Dynamic unit selection in a process control system
US6530964B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2003-03-11 The Lubrizol Corporation Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
US6419714B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-07-16 The Lubrizol Corporation Emulsifier for an acqueous hydrocarbon fuel
US6913630B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2005-07-05 The Lubrizol Corporation Amino alkylphenol emulsifiers for an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
US6652607B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2003-11-25 The Lubrizol Corporation Concentrated emulsion for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
US20040111956A1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2004-06-17 Westfall David L. Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel emulsion
US6827749B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2004-12-07 The Lubrizol Corporation Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel emulsions
US6850973B1 (en) * 1999-09-29 2005-02-01 Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. Downloadable code in a distributed process control system
US6473660B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2002-10-29 The Foxboro Company Process control system and method with automatic fault avoidance
US6550018B1 (en) 2000-02-18 2003-04-15 The University Of Akron Hybrid multiple redundant computer system
US6732300B1 (en) 2000-02-18 2004-05-04 Lev Freydel Hybrid triple redundant computer system
US6931641B1 (en) * 2000-04-04 2005-08-16 International Business Machines Corporation Controller for multiple instruction thread processors
US7292897B2 (en) * 2000-04-28 2007-11-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Multiplexing control system and multiplexing method therefor
DE10063350C1 (en) * 2000-12-19 2002-07-18 Siemens Ag Process for monitoring data processing and transmission
US20020141402A1 (en) * 2001-03-08 2002-10-03 Chang Li-Tien Telecommunication auto-looper
US6704887B2 (en) * 2001-03-08 2004-03-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Method and apparatus for improved security in distributed-environment voting
US7552191B1 (en) * 2001-06-12 2009-06-23 F5 Networks, Inc. Method and apparatus to facilitate automatic sharing in a client server environment
JP2003177938A (en) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-27 Fujitsu Ltd Electronic device and its debugging authentication method
US6850807B2 (en) * 2001-09-10 2005-02-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Triple redundant control device and method
US7093168B2 (en) * 2002-01-22 2006-08-15 Honeywell International, Inc. Signal validation and arbitration system and method
EP1468337A1 (en) * 2002-01-22 2004-10-20 Honeywell International Inc. Signal validation and arbitration system and method
NO20021247D0 (en) * 2002-03-13 2002-03-13 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Software upgrade method and system
GB0216740D0 (en) * 2002-07-18 2002-08-28 Ricardo Consulting Eng Self-testing watch dog system
DE10240584A1 (en) 2002-08-28 2004-03-11 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Safety control system for fault protected operation of critical process such as occurs in machine system operation
US7516043B2 (en) * 2003-07-31 2009-04-07 Fisher Controls International Llc Triggered field device data collection in a process control system
US7085865B2 (en) * 2003-08-21 2006-08-01 International Business Machines Corporation I/O throughput by pre-termination arbitration
US6844840B1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2005-01-18 Cirrus Logic, Inc. Successive-approximation-register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and method utilizing N three-way elements
US7526568B1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2009-04-28 Broadcast Pix, Inc. Integrated live video production system
US7761923B2 (en) 2004-03-01 2010-07-20 Invensys Systems, Inc. Process control methods and apparatus for intrusion detection, protection and network hardening
US7202624B2 (en) * 2004-04-30 2007-04-10 Minebea Co., Ltd. Self calibrating fan
DE102004035442B4 (en) * 2004-07-22 2006-06-01 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for safe switching of an automation bus system
JP4529079B2 (en) * 2004-09-02 2010-08-25 横河電機株式会社 Control system
JP2006114149A (en) * 2004-10-15 2006-04-27 Fujitsu Ltd Semiconductor test system
WO2006045773A2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device and method for switching between modes in a computer system having at least two execution units
WO2006045788A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for mode switching and signal comparison in a computer system comprising at least two processing units
US8938557B2 (en) * 2004-12-23 2015-01-20 Abb Technology Ag Method for configuring field devices
JP4743508B2 (en) * 2005-11-29 2011-08-10 横河電機株式会社 Plant control system
US7860857B2 (en) * 2006-03-30 2010-12-28 Invensys Systems, Inc. Digital data processing apparatus and methods for improving plant performance
JP4645519B2 (en) * 2006-04-27 2011-03-09 株式会社デンソー Arithmetic processing device, control device and program
US7546486B2 (en) * 2006-08-28 2009-06-09 Bycast Inc. Scalable distributed object management in a distributed fixed content storage system
US7680034B2 (en) * 2006-11-03 2010-03-16 General Electric Company Redundant control systems and methods
US7898937B2 (en) * 2006-12-06 2011-03-01 Cisco Technology, Inc. Voting to establish a new network master device after a network failover
US7710075B1 (en) * 2007-01-31 2010-05-04 Network Appliance, Inc. Apparatus and implementation of a battery in a non volatile memory subsystem
US20090006902A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-01 International Business Machines Corporation Methods, systems, and computer program products for reporting fru failures in storage device enclosures
US20090037996A1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2009-02-05 Shiakallis Peter P Multi-Domain Secure Computer System
US20090076628A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 David Mark Smith Methods and apparatus to upgrade and provide control redundancy in process plants
US9395771B1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2016-07-19 Pce, Inc. Plenum pressure control system
DE102007054923A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-20 Endress + Hauser Process Solutions Ag Method for operating a field device
DE102007062974B4 (en) * 2007-12-21 2010-04-08 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Signal processing device
US7991535B2 (en) * 2008-02-08 2011-08-02 Gittere Robert J Portable, palm-sized data acquisition system for use in internal combustion engines and industry
US7899850B2 (en) 2008-02-22 2011-03-01 Bycast, Inc. Relational objects for the optimized management of fixed-content storage systems
CN102124432B (en) 2008-06-20 2014-11-26 因文西斯系统公司 Systems and methods for immersive interaction with actual and/or simulated facilities for process, environmental and industrial control
DE102008038131B4 (en) * 2008-08-18 2013-12-05 EAE Ewert Automation Electronic GmbH Redundant control system and method for the safety-related control of actuators
US8072098B2 (en) * 2008-09-29 2011-12-06 Honeywell International Inc. Remotely configurable analog/digital input circuit and related apparatus and method
US8214165B2 (en) * 2008-12-30 2012-07-03 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus, system, and method for precise early detection of AC power loss
US8898267B2 (en) * 2009-01-19 2014-11-25 Netapp, Inc. Modifying information lifecycle management rules in a distributed system
EP2233991A1 (en) * 2009-03-25 2010-09-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Safety-oriented automation system with automatic address restore
US8127060B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2012-02-28 Invensys Systems, Inc Methods and apparatus for control configuration with control objects that are fieldbus protocol-aware
US8463964B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2013-06-11 Invensys Systems, Inc. Methods and apparatus for control configuration with enhanced change-tracking
AT509310B1 (en) * 2009-12-16 2015-10-15 Bachmann Gmbh METHOD FOR OPERATING A MEMORY PROGRAMMABLE CONTROL (PLC) WITH DECENTRALIZED, AUTONOMOUS EXECUTION CONTROL
DE102010029370A1 (en) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Submarine Propulsionsantriebssystem
WO2011153115A2 (en) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-08 Central Signal, Llc Roadway detection
JP2013540326A (en) * 2010-10-11 2013-10-31 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ System, method and apparatus for detecting shifts with redundant sensor signals
US8635492B2 (en) * 2011-02-15 2014-01-21 International Business Machines Corporation State recovery and lockstep execution restart in a system with multiprocessor pairing
US8930752B2 (en) 2011-02-15 2015-01-06 International Business Machines Corporation Scheduler for multiprocessor system switch with selective pairing
US8671311B2 (en) 2011-02-15 2014-03-11 International Business Machines Corporation Multiprocessor switch with selective pairing
EP2691820B1 (en) 2011-03-30 2020-08-05 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind power plant with highly reliable real-time power control
WO2012163636A1 (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-12-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for testing redundant analogue outputs and associated device
WO2013126852A2 (en) 2012-02-24 2013-08-29 Missing Link Electronics, Inc. Partitioning systems operating in multiple domains
US9355120B1 (en) 2012-03-02 2016-05-31 Netapp, Inc. Systems and methods for managing files in a content storage system
JP2014056374A (en) * 2012-09-12 2014-03-27 Renesas Electronics Corp Information processor
DE102013100159A1 (en) * 2012-11-28 2014-05-28 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Field device for determining or monitoring a process variable in automation technology
US9829311B1 (en) * 2012-12-22 2017-11-28 Bertec Corporation Force measurement system
US10803990B1 (en) 2012-12-22 2020-10-13 Bertec Corporation Measurement and testing system that includes a data processing device configured to synchronize a first plurality of data values with a second plurality of data values by determining which first timestamps correspond to which second timestamps and to interpolate values missing from the second values
US11705244B1 (en) 2012-12-22 2023-07-18 Bertec Corporation Force and/or motion measurement system that includes at least one camera and at least one data processing device configured to execute computer executable instructions for determining a position and/or movement
US10331324B1 (en) 2012-12-22 2019-06-25 Bertec Corporation Measurement and testing system
US9740178B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2017-08-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Primary controller designation in fault tolerant systems
DE102014113371A1 (en) 2014-09-17 2016-03-17 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Method for monitoring and diagnosing components of a rail vehicle, with expandable evaluation software
US9838142B2 (en) 2014-10-15 2017-12-05 Christopher B. TYRRELL Electrical conductor to optical input conversion system
JP2016092445A (en) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-23 株式会社リコー Serial communication system
CN104460661B (en) * 2014-12-05 2017-12-12 国家电网公司 The remote debugging system of long-range turn-off reset and remote monitoring can be carried out
DE102015213744A1 (en) * 2015-07-21 2017-01-26 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh power distribution
US10825263B2 (en) 2016-06-16 2020-11-03 Honeywell International Inc. Advanced discrete control device diagnostic on digital output modules
KR101988361B1 (en) * 2017-06-15 2019-06-12 버슘머트리얼즈 유에스, 엘엘씨 Gas Supply System
US10579558B1 (en) * 2019-03-06 2020-03-03 Honeywell International Inc. Flexible redundant input/output (I/O) schemes for I/O channels
CN111123130A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-05-08 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 Satellite lithium ion battery voltage telemetering health on-orbit autonomous diagnosis method
EP4256765A1 (en) 2020-12-07 2023-10-11 Behault Industrial Property Office B.V. A cyber-physical system for an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle
CN113296388A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-08-24 四川腾盾科技有限公司 Three-redundancy unmanned aerial vehicle steering engine output instruction voting method, system, computer program and storage medium
CN114033558B (en) * 2021-11-09 2023-01-31 唐山中芯智控科技有限公司 Low-cost high-speed high-precision analog output module special for gas turbine

Citations (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3593307A (en) * 1968-09-20 1971-07-13 Adaptronics Inc Redundant, self-checking, self-organizing control system
US3665173A (en) * 1968-09-03 1972-05-23 Ibm Triple modular redundancy/sparing
DE2303828A1 (en) * 1973-01-26 1974-08-01 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag CONTROL PROCEDURE WITH THREE COMPUTERS OPERATING IN PARALLEL
GB2079997A (en) * 1980-07-11 1982-01-27 Raytheon Co Data processing apparatus
US4347564A (en) * 1979-05-02 1982-08-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Hierarchical-structure plant control system
WO1982004345A1 (en) * 1981-05-27 1982-12-09 Aswell Cecil James Power supply control for integrated circuit
DE3310585A1 (en) * 1983-03-23 1984-10-04 Texas Instruments Deutschland Gmbh, 8050 Freising Memory protection circuit
GB2149939A (en) * 1983-11-17 1985-06-19 United Technologies Corp Dual controller position control system
US4580248A (en) * 1982-05-07 1986-04-01 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic apparatus with memory backup system
EP0186613A2 (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-07-02 United Technologies Corporation EMI suppression for electronic engine control frequency signal inputs
EP0186832A2 (en) * 1984-12-22 1986-07-09 Tokyo Electric Co., Ltd. Memory device
EP0200704A2 (en) * 1985-04-24 1986-11-05 General Instrument Corporation Bootstrap channel security arrangement for communication network
DE3522220A1 (en) * 1985-06-21 1987-01-02 Licentia Gmbh Arrangement for output of control signals to control elements of a process
US4667284A (en) * 1983-05-18 1987-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Multiplexing control unit
EP0229559A1 (en) * 1985-12-13 1987-07-22 Cimsa Sintra Highly reliable computer-based network, and control method using the same
EP0239662A1 (en) * 1986-04-03 1987-10-07 Otis Elevator Company Two-way ring communication system for elevator group control
WO1987007967A1 (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-30 Approved Product Technology Limited Adaptive control systems
EP0275362A2 (en) * 1986-07-04 1988-07-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Safety control system
EP0299323A1 (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-01-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Power supply arrangement
WO1989002124A1 (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-09 Triplex Fault-tolerant output circuits
EP0307191A2 (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-03-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Control system with diagnosis function
WO1989005551A1 (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-06-15 Network Equipment Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for automatic loading of a data set in a node of a communication network
US4841232A (en) * 1988-04-29 1989-06-20 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for testing three state drivers
EP0342846A2 (en) * 1988-05-16 1989-11-23 Fujitsu Limited Data protection system in a data processing system
EP0358785A1 (en) * 1988-09-12 1990-03-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for operating a redundant multiprocessor system for the control of an electronic signal mechanism in the train signal technique
EP0411295A2 (en) * 1989-08-03 1991-02-06 International Business Machines Corporation Real time, fail safe process control system and method
US4998194A (en) * 1988-03-28 1991-03-05 Hitachi, Ltd. Multiplex control system with programmable logic for controlling signal transfer between controllers and one or more controlled systems
EP0437129A2 (en) * 1989-12-13 1991-07-17 Fujitsu Limited Card type semiconductor device
EP0440204A2 (en) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-07 Nec Corporation Semiconductor integrated circuit device having main power terminal and backup power terminal independently of each other
EP0457201A2 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-21 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Device for generating a current corresponding to the input quantity of the device

Family Cites Families (99)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US33521A (en) * 1861-10-22 Improved apparatus for heating air for blast-furnaces
US3377623A (en) * 1965-09-29 1968-04-09 Foxboro Co Process backup system
DE1549397B2 (en) * 1967-06-16 1972-09-14 Chemische Werke Hüls AG, 4370 Mari PROCEDURE FOR THE AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF CHEMICAL PLANTS
GB1253309A (en) * 1969-11-21 1971-11-10 Marconi Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to data processing arrangements
GB1308497A (en) * 1970-09-25 1973-02-21 Marconi Co Ltd Data processing arrangements
US4049957A (en) * 1971-06-23 1977-09-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Dual computer system
US3783250A (en) * 1972-02-25 1974-01-01 Nasa Adaptive voting computer system
US3845356A (en) * 1972-04-06 1974-10-29 Foxboro Co Process control system for hazardous areas
US3895223A (en) * 1973-01-03 1975-07-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit arrangement for enhancing the reliability of common bus outputs of plural redundant systems
CH556576A (en) * 1973-03-28 1974-11-29 Hasler Ag DEVICE FOR SYNCHRONIZATION OF THREE COMPUTERS.
US3898621A (en) * 1973-04-06 1975-08-05 Gte Automatic Electric Lab Inc Data processor system diagnostic arrangement
CA1026850A (en) * 1973-09-24 1978-02-21 Smiths Industries Limited Dual, simultaneously operating control system with fault detection
US4015246A (en) * 1975-04-14 1977-03-29 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Synchronous fault tolerant multi-processor system
JPS5831602B2 (en) * 1976-02-04 1983-07-07 株式会社日立製作所 Dual system control device
US4228496A (en) * 1976-09-07 1980-10-14 Tandem Computers Incorporated Multiprocessor system
US4099234A (en) * 1976-11-15 1978-07-04 Honeywell Information Systems Inc. Input/output processing system utilizing locked processors
DE2701924B2 (en) * 1977-01-19 1981-03-19 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Control device for track-bound vehicles
US4105900A (en) * 1977-02-16 1978-08-08 The Boeing Company Signal selection apparatus for redundant signal sources
US4358823A (en) * 1977-03-25 1982-11-09 Trw, Inc. Double redundant processor
US4101958A (en) * 1977-09-01 1978-07-18 Rockwell International Corporation Apparatus and method for effecting redundant control data transfer in a digital flight control system
US4133027A (en) * 1977-09-13 1979-01-02 Honeywell Inc. Process control system with backup process controller
US4159444A (en) * 1978-03-21 1979-06-26 Sperry Rand Corporation Fail operational dual electromechanical servo actuator for aircraft with model monitoring
GB2019622B (en) * 1978-04-14 1982-04-07 Lucas Industries Ltd Digital computing apparatus
GB2022893B (en) * 1978-06-10 1983-01-12 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Fault detection
FR2430633A1 (en) * 1978-07-07 1980-02-01 Sfena SELF-MONITORED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A PROCESS
US4270168A (en) * 1978-08-31 1981-05-26 United Technologies Corporation Selective disablement in fail-operational, fail-safe multi-computer control system
US4271505A (en) * 1979-07-02 1981-06-02 The Foxboro Company Process communication link
US4276648A (en) * 1979-09-04 1981-06-30 The Boeing Company Midvalue signal selection and fault detection apparatus and method
DE2939487A1 (en) * 1979-09-28 1981-04-16 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE BASED ON A MULTI-MICROCOMPUTER STRUCTURE AS A FAULT-TOLERANT SYSTEM
US4277832A (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-07-07 General Electric Company Fluid flow control system
US4656475A (en) * 1979-10-30 1987-04-07 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for controlling distributed electrical loads
US4347563A (en) * 1980-06-16 1982-08-31 Forney Engineering Company Industrial control system
US4352103A (en) * 1980-01-24 1982-09-28 Forney Engineering Company Industrial control system
US4304001A (en) * 1980-01-24 1981-12-01 Forney Engineering Company Industrial control system with interconnected remotely located computer control units
US4356546A (en) * 1980-02-05 1982-10-26 The Bendix Corporation Fault-tolerant multi-computer system
EP0268041B1 (en) * 1980-09-02 1992-06-17 Deutsche Airbus GmbH Servo unit for actuating control surfaces or the like of a flight control system
US4530045A (en) * 1980-09-23 1985-07-16 Petroff Alan M Measurement and control system
US4375683A (en) * 1980-11-12 1983-03-01 August Systems Fault tolerant computational system and voter circuit
US4371754A (en) * 1980-11-19 1983-02-01 Rockwell International Corporation Automatic fault recovery system for a multiple processor telecommunications switching control
US4424559A (en) * 1981-02-27 1984-01-03 New Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc. Modular instrumentation for monitoring and control of biochemical processes
JPS57164636A (en) 1981-04-03 1982-10-09 Hitachi Ltd Control method for transmission system
US4443861A (en) * 1981-04-13 1984-04-17 Forney Engineering Company Combined mode supervisory program-panel controller method and apparatus for a process control system
US4532630A (en) * 1981-05-28 1985-07-30 Marconi Avionics Limited Similar-redundant signal systems
IN160140B (en) * 1981-10-10 1987-06-27 Westinghouse Brake & Signal
DE3208573C2 (en) * 1982-03-10 1985-06-27 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart 2 out of 3 selection device for a 3 computer system
US4472806A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-09-18 The Boeing Company Signal selection and fault detection apparatus
US4517639A (en) * 1982-05-13 1985-05-14 The Boeing Company Fault scoring and selection circuit and method for redundant system
US4644538A (en) * 1982-06-16 1987-02-17 The Boeing Company Autopilot flight director system
JPS5985153A (en) * 1982-11-08 1984-05-17 Hitachi Ltd Redundancy controller
IT1169167B (en) * 1983-02-15 1987-05-27 Gd Spa FUNCTIONAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR OUTPUT TRANSDUCERS OF A CENTRAL CONTROL AND CONTROL UNIT FOR MACHINES AND / OR DEVICES USABLE IN PRODUCTION AND / OR PACKAGING LINES OF PRODUCTS
US4872106A (en) * 1983-04-06 1989-10-03 New Forney Corp. Industrial process control system with back-up data processors to take over from failed primary data processors
JPS59224228A (en) * 1983-06-02 1984-12-17 Fanuc Ltd Neumeric controller
US4562575A (en) * 1983-07-07 1985-12-31 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for the selection of redundant system modules
US4634110A (en) * 1983-07-28 1987-01-06 Harris Corporation Fault detection and redundancy management system
US4610013A (en) * 1983-11-08 1986-09-02 Avco Corporation Remote multiplexer terminal with redundant central processor units
JPH0754442B2 (en) * 1983-11-24 1995-06-07 大倉電気株式会社 Process control system
JPS60122407A (en) * 1983-12-06 1985-06-29 Fanuc Ltd Programmable controller
US4617475A (en) * 1984-03-30 1986-10-14 Trilogy Computer Development Partners, Ltd. Wired logic voting circuit
US4823256A (en) * 1984-06-22 1989-04-18 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Reconfigurable dual processor system
US4695952A (en) * 1984-07-30 1987-09-22 United Technologies Corporation Dual redundant bus interface circuit architecture
JPS61267846A (en) * 1984-11-12 1986-11-27 Nec Corp Integrated circuit device with memory
US4622667A (en) * 1984-11-27 1986-11-11 Sperry Corporation Digital fail operational automatic flight control system utilizing redundant dissimilar data processing
US4663704A (en) * 1984-12-03 1987-05-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Universal process control device and method for developing a process control loop program
US4635184A (en) * 1984-12-17 1987-01-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Distributed control with mutual spare switch over capability
US4672530A (en) * 1984-12-17 1987-06-09 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Distributed control with universal program
US4665522A (en) * 1985-01-28 1987-05-12 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Multi-channel redundant processing systems
FR2577087B1 (en) * 1985-02-07 1987-03-06 Thomson Csf Mat Tel TRIPLICATED CLOCK DELIVERY DEVICE, EACH CLOCK SIGNAL HAVING A SYNCHRONIZATION SIGNAL
US4726026A (en) * 1985-02-08 1988-02-16 Triconex Corporation Fault-tolerant voted output system
US4752869A (en) * 1985-05-09 1988-06-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Auxiliary reactor protection system
US4683105A (en) * 1985-10-31 1987-07-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Testable, fault-tolerant power interface circuit for normally de-energized loads
JPH0778750B2 (en) * 1985-12-24 1995-08-23 日本電気株式会社 Highly reliable computer system
US4799140A (en) * 1986-03-06 1989-01-17 Orbital Sciences Corporation Ii Majority vote sequencer
US4967347A (en) * 1986-04-03 1990-10-30 Bh-F (Triplex) Inc. Multiple-redundant fault detection system and related method for its use
US4713832A (en) * 1986-04-11 1987-12-15 Ampex Corporation Programmable divider up/down counter with anti-aliasing feature and asynchronous read/write
US4730313A (en) * 1986-08-18 1988-03-08 Racal Data Communications Inc. Access circuit diagnostics for integrated services digital network
US4797884A (en) * 1986-09-29 1989-01-10 Texas Instruments Incorporated Redundant device control unit
US4774709A (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-09-27 United Technologies Corporation Symmetrization for redundant channels
US4914657A (en) * 1987-04-15 1990-04-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Operations controller for a fault tolerant multiple node processing system
SE457391B (en) * 1987-04-16 1988-12-19 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M PROGRAM MEMORY MANAGED REAL TIME SYSTEM INCLUDING THREE MAINLY IDENTICAL PROCESSORS
DE3714960A1 (en) * 1987-04-30 1988-11-10 Licentia Gmbh ARRANGEMENT FOR THE SAFE DETECTION OF PROCESS CONDITIONS WITHIN A FREE RELEASABLE UNIT AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTATION
US4858101A (en) * 1987-08-26 1989-08-15 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Programmable controller with parallel processors
US4916612A (en) * 1987-11-02 1990-04-10 The Boeing Company Dual channel signal selection and fault detection system
US4965745A (en) * 1987-12-18 1990-10-23 General Electric Company YIQ based color cell texture
US4868851A (en) * 1988-01-26 1989-09-19 Harris Corporation Signal processing apparatus and method
US4872213A (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-03 Barber-Colman Company Versatile interface means for computer-based control systems
US4926364A (en) * 1988-07-25 1990-05-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method and apparatus for determining weighted average of process variable
US4965717A (en) * 1988-12-09 1990-10-23 Tandem Computers Incorporated Multiple processor system having shared memory with private-write capability
US4975931A (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-12-04 Hughes Aircraft Company High speed programmable divider
US4959768A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-09-25 Honeywell Inc. Apparatus for tracking predetermined data for updating a secondary data base
US4958270A (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-09-18 Honeywell Inc. Method for control data base updating of a redundant processor in a process control system
US4995040A (en) * 1989-02-03 1991-02-19 Rockwell International Corporation Apparatus for management, comparison, and correction of redundant digital data
US4955020A (en) * 1989-06-29 1990-09-04 Infotron Systems Corporation Bus architecture for digital communications
US5170362A (en) * 1991-01-15 1992-12-08 Atlantic Richfield Company Redundant system for interactively evaluating the capabilities of multiple test subjects to perform a task utilizing a computerized test system
US5271023A (en) * 1991-06-03 1993-12-14 Motorola, Inc. Uninterruptable fault tolerant data processor
JPH05128080A (en) 1991-10-14 1993-05-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Information processor
US5442620A (en) 1992-03-26 1995-08-15 At&T Corp. Apparatus and method for preventing communications circuit misconnections in a bidirectional line-switched ring transmission system
US5313386A (en) * 1992-06-11 1994-05-17 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Programmable controller with backup capability
US5425266A (en) * 1994-01-25 1995-06-20 Envirotest Systems Corp. Apparatus and method for non-intrusive testing of motor vehicle evaporative fuel systems
US5408871A (en) * 1994-01-27 1995-04-25 General Motors Corporation Idle air control system diagnostic

Patent Citations (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3665173A (en) * 1968-09-03 1972-05-23 Ibm Triple modular redundancy/sparing
US3593307A (en) * 1968-09-20 1971-07-13 Adaptronics Inc Redundant, self-checking, self-organizing control system
DE2303828A1 (en) * 1973-01-26 1974-08-01 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag CONTROL PROCEDURE WITH THREE COMPUTERS OPERATING IN PARALLEL
US4347564A (en) * 1979-05-02 1982-08-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Hierarchical-structure plant control system
GB2079997A (en) * 1980-07-11 1982-01-27 Raytheon Co Data processing apparatus
WO1982004345A1 (en) * 1981-05-27 1982-12-09 Aswell Cecil James Power supply control for integrated circuit
US4580248A (en) * 1982-05-07 1986-04-01 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic apparatus with memory backup system
DE3310585A1 (en) * 1983-03-23 1984-10-04 Texas Instruments Deutschland Gmbh, 8050 Freising Memory protection circuit
US4667284A (en) * 1983-05-18 1987-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Multiplexing control unit
GB2149939A (en) * 1983-11-17 1985-06-19 United Technologies Corp Dual controller position control system
EP0186832A2 (en) * 1984-12-22 1986-07-09 Tokyo Electric Co., Ltd. Memory device
EP0186613A2 (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-07-02 United Technologies Corporation EMI suppression for electronic engine control frequency signal inputs
EP0200704A2 (en) * 1985-04-24 1986-11-05 General Instrument Corporation Bootstrap channel security arrangement for communication network
DE3522220A1 (en) * 1985-06-21 1987-01-02 Licentia Gmbh Arrangement for output of control signals to control elements of a process
EP0229559A1 (en) * 1985-12-13 1987-07-22 Cimsa Sintra Highly reliable computer-based network, and control method using the same
EP0239662A1 (en) * 1986-04-03 1987-10-07 Otis Elevator Company Two-way ring communication system for elevator group control
WO1987007967A1 (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-30 Approved Product Technology Limited Adaptive control systems
EP0275362A2 (en) * 1986-07-04 1988-07-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Safety control system
EP0299323A1 (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-01-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Power supply arrangement
WO1989002124A1 (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-09 Triplex Fault-tolerant output circuits
EP0307191A2 (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-03-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Control system with diagnosis function
WO1989005551A1 (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-06-15 Network Equipment Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for automatic loading of a data set in a node of a communication network
US4998194A (en) * 1988-03-28 1991-03-05 Hitachi, Ltd. Multiplex control system with programmable logic for controlling signal transfer between controllers and one or more controlled systems
US4841232A (en) * 1988-04-29 1989-06-20 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for testing three state drivers
EP0342846A2 (en) * 1988-05-16 1989-11-23 Fujitsu Limited Data protection system in a data processing system
EP0358785A1 (en) * 1988-09-12 1990-03-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for operating a redundant multiprocessor system for the control of an electronic signal mechanism in the train signal technique
EP0411295A2 (en) * 1989-08-03 1991-02-06 International Business Machines Corporation Real time, fail safe process control system and method
EP0437129A2 (en) * 1989-12-13 1991-07-17 Fujitsu Limited Card type semiconductor device
EP0440204A2 (en) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-07 Nec Corporation Semiconductor integrated circuit device having main power terminal and backup power terminal independently of each other
EP0457201A2 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-21 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Device for generating a current corresponding to the input quantity of the device

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JACOB J. WOLF ET AL.: "Design of a distributed fault-tolerant loop network", THE NINTH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FAULT-TOLERANT COMPUTING, 22 June 1979 (1979-06-22), MADISON, WISCONSIN, pages 17 - 24 *
R. JEROME FOLMAR: "Distributed memory network: an 8 gigabit fiber optic tightly coupled system", PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 1985 NATIONAL AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE NAECON 1985, 24 May 1985 (1985-05-24), DAYTON CONVENTION CENTER, pages 91 - 94 *
TONY FREDERICKSON ET AL.: "Comparison of Fault Tolerant Controllers Used in Safety Applications", ISA TRANSACTIONS, vol. 30, no. 4, 1991, PITTSBURGH US, pages 97 - 106 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX9301799A (en) 1994-01-31
CA2131156A1 (en) 1993-10-14
EP0869415A3 (en) 1999-12-15
HK1048670A1 (en) 2003-04-11
ES2191884T3 (en) 2003-09-16
HK1011427A1 (en) 1999-07-09
DE69332897T2 (en) 2004-02-26
EP0631673B1 (en) 1998-12-16
ES2128424T3 (en) 1999-05-16
EP0869415A2 (en) 1998-10-07
US5428769A (en) 1995-06-27
US6061809A (en) 2000-05-09
EP1193576A2 (en) 2002-04-03
US5862315A (en) 1999-01-19
KR100322461B1 (en) 2002-02-07
SG55081A1 (en) 1998-12-21
JPH07507889A (en) 1995-08-31
DE69322626D1 (en) 1999-01-28
EP0631673A1 (en) 1995-01-04
WO1993020488A2 (en) 1993-10-14
US5970226A (en) 1999-10-19
EP1300735A2 (en) 2003-04-09
KR100322462B1 (en) 2002-11-30
AU3918393A (en) 1993-11-08
DE69332897D1 (en) 2003-05-22
EP0869415B1 (en) 2003-04-16
DE69322626T2 (en) 1999-07-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO1993020488A3 (en) Process control interface system having triply redundant remote field units
JPS6450150A (en) Fault tolerant digital data processor with improved input/output controller
ES2015817A6 (en) Communication switching element.
CA2151373A1 (en) Method and apparatus for transmitting nrz data signals across an isolation barrier disposed in an interface between adjacent devices on a bus
US4628308A (en) Communication network having a master-slave type series architecture and providing master-to-slave and slave-to-master communication
EP0720323A3 (en) Network system with no arbitration control and node used in this network
EP0390567A3 (en) Eletronic device with exclusive control type communication function and its communication system
CA2197943A1 (en) Transmission control method in a network system for interactively transmitting a signal between node devices and network system using the same
EP0364082A3 (en) Auto isolation circuit for malfunctioning current loop
JPS6167397A (en) Device control system
JPS55154639A (en) Control system for microcomputer
GB2281475A (en) Digital switching system interconnecting buses with incompatible protocols
EP0257490A3 (en) Keyboard input unit for a data processing facility
KR950004022A (en) Distributed Processing Integrated Management System
US6240064B1 (en) Ring structure 1:N duplex communication equipment and data communication method
JPS5493340A (en) Duplex processing system
TH21873EX (en) Process control link system with three redundant remote field units.
EP0361533A3 (en) A data processing system input device
SU479103A1 (en) Device for interfacing distributed computing systems
TH21873A (en) Process control link system with three redundant remote field units.
JPH0583013B2 (en)
JPS5531309A (en) Data transmission system
WO1997004374A3 (en) Distributed data processing network
EP0409841A1 (en) Switching system
DE3362824D1 (en) Modular digital telephone switch of several autonomous switching bays of the same kind, and arrangement for inter-bay synchronization

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT AU BB BG BR CA CH CZ DE DK ES FI GB HU JP KP KR KZ LK LU MG MN MW NL NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SK UA

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR SN TD TG

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT AU BB BG BR CA CH CZ DE DK ES FI GB HU JP KP KR KZ LK LU MG MN MW NL NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SK UA

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR SN TD TG

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2131156

Country of ref document: CA

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1993908318

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1993908318

Country of ref document: EP

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1993908318

Country of ref document: EP